Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s12888-025-07476-x
Zhaojun Li, Xushan Li, Zhuo Wang, Jie Gao, Jie Luo, Fan He, Yi Zheng, Lihui Feng, Jihua Lu
{"title":"Voice-based machine learning for rapid screening of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in children and adolescents: a robust and low-complexity diagnostic model.","authors":"Zhaojun Li, Xushan Li, Zhuo Wang, Jie Gao, Jie Luo, Fan He, Yi Zheng, Lihui Feng, Jihua Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07476-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07476-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12860134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis exhibit cognitive and neurophysiological abnormalities that may predict transition to schizophrenia. Event-related potentials (ERPs), including mismatch negativity (MMN), P300, and N100, have been proposed as candidate biomarkers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence on ERP alterations in CHR populations compared with healthy controls (HCs) and to evaluate their predictive value for transition.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Medline were systematically searched from January 1996 to March 2025. Studies reporting ERP data in CHR and HC participants, and longitudinal studies distinguishing converters (CHR-T) from non-converters (CHR-NT), were included. Data extraction and quality assessment followed Cochrane standards, and pooled effect sizes were estimated using random- or fixed-effects models.
Results: Thirty-six studies were included. Compared with HCs, CHR individuals demonstrated significantly reduced P300 amplitude (MD (95%CI) = -2.35 (-3.31, -1.39), p < 0.05) and attenuated duration- and frequency-deviant MMN (MD (95%) = 0.31 (0.20, 0.43), p < 0.01), whereas N100 showed no significant group differences. In longitudinal analyses, only duration-deviant MMN differentiated CHR converters from non-converters (p < 0.05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of the findings.
Conclusions: ERP abnormalities, particularly reduced duration-deviant MMN, represent promising biomarkers for early detection of psychosis risk and may aid in risk stratification and intervention planning. These results highlight the potential utility of ERPs as clinically accessible, low-cost neurophysiological tools for predicting transition in CHR populations.
{"title":"Investigating event-related potential (ERP) deviations in clinical high-risk populations for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Anpei Wei, Ronghong Gao, MengMeng Fan, Peipei Luan, Lihua Kong, Xiaoyan He","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07786-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07786-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis exhibit cognitive and neurophysiological abnormalities that may predict transition to schizophrenia. Event-related potentials (ERPs), including mismatch negativity (MMN), P300, and N100, have been proposed as candidate biomarkers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence on ERP alterations in CHR populations compared with healthy controls (HCs) and to evaluate their predictive value for transition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Medline were systematically searched from January 1996 to March 2025. Studies reporting ERP data in CHR and HC participants, and longitudinal studies distinguishing converters (CHR-T) from non-converters (CHR-NT), were included. Data extraction and quality assessment followed Cochrane standards, and pooled effect sizes were estimated using random- or fixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six studies were included. Compared with HCs, CHR individuals demonstrated significantly reduced P300 amplitude (MD (95%CI) = -2.35 (-3.31, -1.39), p < 0.05) and attenuated duration- and frequency-deviant MMN (MD (95%) = 0.31 (0.20, 0.43), p < 0.01), whereas N100 showed no significant group differences. In longitudinal analyses, only duration-deviant MMN differentiated CHR converters from non-converters (p < 0.05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ERP abnormalities, particularly reduced duration-deviant MMN, represent promising biomarkers for early detection of psychosis risk and may aid in risk stratification and intervention planning. These results highlight the potential utility of ERPs as clinically accessible, low-cost neurophysiological tools for predicting transition in CHR populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s12888-026-07840-5
Fouad Al Shaban, Thomas W Frazier, Iman Ghazal, Fatema Al-Faraj, Sarah Aqel, I Richard Thompson
{"title":"Real-world application of an eye-tracking device for autism screening and diagnosis: a short report from public demonstrations in Qatar, Dubai and the U.S.","authors":"Fouad Al Shaban, Thomas W Frazier, Iman Ghazal, Fatema Al-Faraj, Sarah Aqel, I Richard Thompson","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07840-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07840-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s12888-026-07834-3
Shahla Aghaei Bajestan, Amirhossein Rasouli, Lin Sørensen, Hoda Doosalivand
{"title":"The impact of ADHD symptoms on insomnia severity in adolescents: the mediating role of emotion dysregulation, self-compassion, and experiential avoidance.","authors":"Shahla Aghaei Bajestan, Amirhossein Rasouli, Lin Sørensen, Hoda Doosalivand","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07834-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07834-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s12888-026-07847-y
Lihlizulu Thabo Moyo, Thandiwe Martha Tembo, Brian Maila
<p><strong>Background: </strong>First-episode psychosis represents a critical period in psychotic disorders, during which timely, appropriate treatment can greatly influence long-term outcomes. Antipsychotics remain the foundation of first-episode psychosis management, yet prescribing patterns vary across settings due to patient characteristics, clinical factors, and resource availability. Although factors influencing antipsychotic choice are increasingly recognized, these have not been examined in the Zambian context. Understanding local prescribing practices is essential to optimizing care and outcomes for individuals with first-episode psychosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe antipsychotic prescription patterns in adults with first-episode psychosis and identify demographic and treatment-related factors associated with second-generation antipsychotic use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional review of medical records was conducted among 213 adults (≥ 18 years) prescribed an antipsychotic for First-episode psychosis between 2019 and 2024 at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. A data abstraction form captured sociodemographic, clinical, and prescriber information. Descriptive statistics characterized the sample and prescribing patterns, and multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with prescribing second-generation versus first-generation antipsychotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 30.23 years (SD = 11.47), with 72.3% being male, 65.3% single, and 62.0% unemployed. Other psychoses (54.0%) and brief/acute psychosis (34.7%) were the most common diagnoses in our sample. Chlorpromazine (n = 74) and haloperidol (n = 75), both first-generation agents, were the most frequently prescribed, followed by risperidone (n = 65), a second-generation agent. Overall, first-generation antipsychotics accounted for a slightly larger share of prescriptions. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, females had higher odds of receiving a second-generation antipsychotic prescription (AOR = 7.55, 95% CI 3.27-17.41, p < 0.001), while partial adherence to treatment reduced the odds of second-generation antipsychotic prescription (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.92, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate a relative preference for first-generation antipsychotics, with prescribing influenced by gender and treatment adherence. Prescribing reflects pragmatic, context-driven decision-making shaped by medication availability and affordability in a low-resource setting. This calls for policies that strengthen evidence-based prescribing practices, integrate sex-sensitive and adherence-focused approaches, and improve access to effective antipsychotic options within health systems.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable. This study is a secondary analysis of de-identified electronic health records and does not consti
{"title":"Antipsychotic prescribing patterns and determinants in first-episode psychosis: a 2019-2024 cross-sectional study from Zambia.","authors":"Lihlizulu Thabo Moyo, Thandiwe Martha Tembo, Brian Maila","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07847-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07847-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>First-episode psychosis represents a critical period in psychotic disorders, during which timely, appropriate treatment can greatly influence long-term outcomes. Antipsychotics remain the foundation of first-episode psychosis management, yet prescribing patterns vary across settings due to patient characteristics, clinical factors, and resource availability. Although factors influencing antipsychotic choice are increasingly recognized, these have not been examined in the Zambian context. Understanding local prescribing practices is essential to optimizing care and outcomes for individuals with first-episode psychosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe antipsychotic prescription patterns in adults with first-episode psychosis and identify demographic and treatment-related factors associated with second-generation antipsychotic use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional review of medical records was conducted among 213 adults (≥ 18 years) prescribed an antipsychotic for First-episode psychosis between 2019 and 2024 at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. A data abstraction form captured sociodemographic, clinical, and prescriber information. Descriptive statistics characterized the sample and prescribing patterns, and multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with prescribing second-generation versus first-generation antipsychotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 30.23 years (SD = 11.47), with 72.3% being male, 65.3% single, and 62.0% unemployed. Other psychoses (54.0%) and brief/acute psychosis (34.7%) were the most common diagnoses in our sample. Chlorpromazine (n = 74) and haloperidol (n = 75), both first-generation agents, were the most frequently prescribed, followed by risperidone (n = 65), a second-generation agent. Overall, first-generation antipsychotics accounted for a slightly larger share of prescriptions. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, females had higher odds of receiving a second-generation antipsychotic prescription (AOR = 7.55, 95% CI 3.27-17.41, p < 0.001), while partial adherence to treatment reduced the odds of second-generation antipsychotic prescription (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.92, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate a relative preference for first-generation antipsychotics, with prescribing influenced by gender and treatment adherence. Prescribing reflects pragmatic, context-driven decision-making shaped by medication availability and affordability in a low-resource setting. This calls for policies that strengthen evidence-based prescribing practices, integrate sex-sensitive and adherence-focused approaches, and improve access to effective antipsychotic options within health systems.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable. This study is a secondary analysis of de-identified electronic health records and does not consti","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s12888-026-07814-7
Keyi Liu, Yixiang Xu, Xin Liu, Jiaojiao Hou, Wisteria Deng, Wenchong Du, Qiang Luo, Tai Ren, Binx Yezhe Lin, Fei Li
{"title":"Family and school environment as mediators in mental health outcomes among gender-diverse youth: insights from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.","authors":"Keyi Liu, Yixiang Xu, Xin Liu, Jiaojiao Hou, Wisteria Deng, Wenchong Du, Qiang Luo, Tai Ren, Binx Yezhe Lin, Fei Li","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07814-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07814-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1186/s12888-025-07769-1
Yanqiu Yu, Joseph T F Lau
{"title":"Prevalence and factors of behavioral intention of gaming time reduction among high-risk adolescents in China: an application of the Conservation of Resource Theory.","authors":"Yanqiu Yu, Joseph T F Lau","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07769-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07769-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Causes and frequency of psychiatric counselling requests in hospitalized patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sabzevar, Iran between 2019-2020.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Shegarf Nakhaei, Parastoo Amiri, Esmat Davoudi Monfared, Mahtab Hadavi, Zeinab Jalambadani","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07855-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07855-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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