BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth最新文献

Background: Maternal serum biomarkers, primarily introduced for aneuploidy screening, have also been investigated as predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, their value in late-preterm and term pregnancies remains unclear.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 592 singleton pregnancies screened at a tertiary perinatology center between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed. Participants underwent either the first-trimester combined test (n = 461) or the second-trimester triple test (n = 131). Serum biomarker multiples of the median (MoM) were categorized as low (< 0.5), normal (0.5-2.0), or high (> 2.0). Perinatal outcomes-including Apgar scores, umbilical artery pH, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)-were assessed using predefined group comparisons, multivariate adjustment, and ROC curve analysis.

Results: Low first-trimester free β-hCG was significantly associated with reduced Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min in term neonates (p = 0.025 and p = 0.005, respectively). In the second trimester, infants with normal AFP levels demonstrated lower umbilical artery pH compared to those with elevated AFP (p = 0.013), and low AFP was associated with an increased risk of NICU admission (p = 0.041). ROC analysis identified an AFP threshold ≥ 1.075 MoM as predictive of PPROM with 75.0% sensitivity and 69.3% specificity (AUC = 0.723, p = 0.035). No significant associations were observed for PAPP-A.

Conclusions: First-trimester low free β-hCG and second-trimester AFP abnormalities showed modest associations with neonatal outcomes and PPROM in late-preterm and term pregnancies, whereas PAPP-A did not. These findings suggest limited standalone predictive capacity of serum biomarkers, underscoring the need for integrated multiparametric models in risk stratification.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare recombinant and urinary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) with each other in terms of endometrial receptivity for the purpose of controlled ovarian stimulation.

Methods: Twenty-four female albino mice (Mus musculus, C/C; 6-8 weeks, 18-22 g) and six males (8-10 weeks) were divided into four groups: control (no mating), spontaneous mating, urinary FSH (uFSH), and recombinant FSH (rFSH). Females in estrus received 5 IU of uFSH or rFSH, followed by mating after 48 h. Implantation sites were evaluated using histopathology and immunohistochemistry with anti-LIF, anti-Laminin, and integrin αVβ3 antibodies. LIF levels in serum collected from the tail vein were measured using ELISA.

Results: The Tukey multiple comparison test showed significant group differences in Laminin and Integrin αVβ3 staining intensity (p < 0.001). rFSH treatment significantly increased Laminin and Integrin αVβ3 expression compared with both uFSH and spontaneous conception groups (p < 0.001), while uFSH also showed higher levels than the spontaneous group (p < 0.001). For LIF, no difference was found between the control and spontaneous groups (p > 0.05), but both rFSH and uFSH groups exhibited higher expression than the spontaneous group, with the highest levels in the rFSH group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: rFSH treatment was associated with the greatest enhancement of endometrial receptivity markers, both immunohistochemically and biochemically, suggesting that rFSH may exert a more favorable effect on implantation potential compared with uFSH.