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Effect of Temperature on Electric Current, Magnets and Electromagnet 温度对电流、磁体和电磁铁的影响
Pub Date : 2016-07-14 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000167
Akash Yadav
The approach of this research paper is to find out the effect of the temperature on the strength of electricity, magnetism and the electromagnet. Magnets, electromagnets and electricity we are using in our day to day life. And every time these things are dealing with the temperature. This experiment we have conducted to find out that with increase in temperature or with decrease in temperature, will the properties of material (Magnet, Electromagnet and Electricity) will increases or decreases. Or there is chances that their properties value will be constant. To find this, we have used strong magnet made of neodymium, electricity and set of strong electromagnet. Also for cooling the magnet refrigerator and a heating component is used. A wire is used of known resistance. There was lot of change in properties of all these materials after the experimentation.
本文的研究方法是找出温度对电、磁和电磁铁强度的影响。我们日常生活中使用的磁铁、电磁铁和电。每次这些东西都和温度有关。我们做这个实验是为了发现材料(磁铁、电磁铁和电学)的性质随温度的升高或降低而升高或降低。或者它们的属性值有可能是恒定的。为了找到这一点,我们使用了钕制成的强磁铁,电和一套强电磁铁。还用于冷却磁铁冰箱和加热组件。电线的电阻是已知的。实验之后,所有这些材料的性质都发生了很大的变化。
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引用次数: 8
Ferromagnetic Material for Strong Magnetic Shielding 强磁屏蔽用铁磁材料
Pub Date : 2016-07-12 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000166
Akash Yadav
Purpose of this research is to find out the effective way to shield the magnets by using two most common available materials that is iron and steel. The material that is available in market they shield less magnetic field and also are costly. If you want to shield the higher magnetic field you have to expense a lot. To shield the magnetic field you have to make the sheet and wrapped it around the magnet, but thickness of shielded plates varies with the type of magnet and the power of magnet. Finally here we have a better material that can shield your magnet and can save your 100s of equipment that you are using. This is good for your observation which material is having the best results. The cost of these metal sheets is 20-30 times less than the best material available in market for shielding and also they can shield high strength magnetic field.
本研究的目的是找出有效的方法来屏蔽磁铁使用两种最常见的材料,即铁和钢。市场上可用的材料屏蔽较少的磁场,而且价格昂贵。如果你想屏蔽更高的磁场,你必须花费很多。为了屏蔽磁场,你必须制作薄片并将其包裹在磁铁上,但屏蔽板的厚度随磁铁的类型和磁铁的功率而变化。最后,我们有一个更好的材料,可以屏蔽你的磁铁,可以节省你正在使用的设备。这有利于你观察哪种材料有最好的效果。这些金属板的成本比市场上最好的屏蔽材料低20-30倍,而且它们还可以屏蔽高强度磁场。
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引用次数: 2
Strong Magnetic Shielding by Common Available Material 常用材料的强磁屏蔽
Pub Date : 2016-07-12 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000168
Akash Yadav
The approach of this research paper is to find out the effect of the temperature on the strength of electricity, magnetism and the electromagnet. Magnets, electromagnets and electricity we are using in our day to day life. And every time these things are dealing with the temperature. This experiment we have conducted to find out that with increase in temperature or with decrease in temperature, will the properties of material (Magnet, Electromagnet and Electricity) will increases or decreases. Or there is chances that their properties value will be constant. To find this, we have used strong magnet made of neodymium, electricity and set of strong electromagnet. Also for cooling the magnet refrigerator and a heating component is used. A wire is used of known resistance. There was lot of change in properties of all these materials after the experimentation.
本文的研究方法是找出温度对电、磁和电磁铁强度的影响。我们日常生活中使用的磁铁、电磁铁和电。每次这些东西都和温度有关。我们做这个实验是为了发现材料(磁铁、电磁铁和电学)的性质随温度的升高或降低而升高或降低。或者它们的属性值有可能是恒定的。为了找到这一点,我们使用了钕制成的强磁铁,电和一套强电磁铁。还用于冷却磁铁冰箱和加热组件。电线的电阻是已知的。实验之后,所有这些材料的性质都发生了很大的变化。
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引用次数: 2
Machine Olfaction Device (MOD) Chambers with Two Sensors 带有两个传感器的机器嗅觉装置(MOD)腔室
Pub Date : 2016-07-10 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000164
N. Altawell
The Electronic Nose (or eNose) presently possesses a number of challenges, such as short life-time of the sensors; sensitivity towards moisture; narrow selectivity; relatively expensive; mostly used as a laboratory tool and in some cases results can be difficult to reproduce due to the presence of multiple sensors. The present available devices either lack mobility or are not designed for a long term use. Most of these devices use arrays of sensors, i.e. eNoses, rather than two sensors. Also, the design of the chamber in most present devices can add problems, such as replacement of the sensor, long term functionality and other related issues. This paper is aimed at developing a novel and improved machine olfaction device (MOD) with on-board data processing capability for monitoring applications. Such a system will be able to use two sensors rather than an array of sensors, as is the case with the present eNose devices. The aim is for a real time MOD which can be used inside and outside the laboratory and for domestic and commercial purposes as well. This new approach can be achieved within the design provided in this paper.
电子鼻(或eNose)目前面临许多挑战,如传感器寿命短;对湿气的敏感性;狭窄的选择性;相对昂贵;主要用作实验室工具,在某些情况下,由于存在多个传感器,结果可能难以重现。现有的设备要么缺乏移动性,要么不是为长期使用而设计的。这些设备大多使用传感器阵列,即ense,而不是两个传感器。此外,大多数现有设备的腔室设计可能会增加问题,例如传感器的更换,长期功能和其他相关问题。本文旨在开发一种具有机载数据处理能力的新型和改进的机器嗅觉装置(MOD),用于监测应用。这样的系统将能够使用两个传感器,而不是像目前的eNose设备那样使用一组传感器。目标是一个实时MOD,可以在实验室内外使用,也可以用于家庭和商业目的。这种新方法可以在本文提供的设计中实现。
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引用次数: 0
Acquire Bus Information using GSM Technology 利用GSM技术获取总线信息
Pub Date : 2016-06-21 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000163
K. Shirisha, T. Sivaprasad
The system designed here is very useful for the passengers those who are waiting at bus stop to catch specific number bus. As the bus is equipped with GSM based processor and where as the bus stop is equipped with time data transmitter, the passenger can identify that at what time the bus has reached to its previous stage or before that stage. Based on this information, the passenger can estimate the position of bus. This can be achieved by sending SMS to the GSM installed in the bus. The demo module is simulated with two bus stages and each stage has to be equipped with its time data transmitting unit. This unit contains RTC and it is interfaced with microcontroller can display the running time accurately through 7- segment display. This time data is transmitted continuously through IR led. Now whenever the bus reaches to the stage, this time data will be acquired through TSOP (IR sensor package) and it will be stored in to the ROM of main processing unit. The GSM module interfaced with main processor can send the time information along with left over bus stop name (i.e. reaching time of previous bus stop) to the caller in the form of SMS. Means whenever any passenger enquires to know the position of bus by sending SMS to the concern processor installed in the bus, information will be passed to the calling mobile automatically. Since it is a prototype module, system is developed for two stages, but for practical approach each and every bus stop must be equipped with real time clocks with data transmitters and similarly each and every bus also must be equipped with the processing unit. In this fashion all buses information can be acquired by calling them through mobile. Major building blocks: RTC’s, Micro-controllers, 7- segment displays, modulators, TSOP1738 IR sensor package, Max232, GSM module. Simulation of bus stops, toy bus, high power battery and its charger, etc.
本文所设计的系统对于在公交车站候车的乘客来说是非常有用的。由于公共汽车配备了基于GSM的处理器,并且公共汽车站配备了时间数据发射器,乘客可以识别公共汽车在什么时候到达上一阶段或之前到达该阶段。根据这些信息,乘客可以估计公交车的位置。这可以通过向安装在总线上的GSM发送SMS来实现。该演示模块采用两级总线进行仿真,每级都必须配备其时间数据传输单元。该装置内置RTC,与单片机接口,通过7段显示准确显示运行时间。此时数据通过红外二极管连续传输。现在,每当总线到达舞台时,将通过TSOP(红外传感器包)采集此时间数据并将其存储到主处理单元的ROM中。与主处理器接口的GSM模块可以将时间信息连同剩余的公交站名(即前一站到达时间)以短信的形式发送给呼叫者。即任何乘客通过向安装在公交车上的关注处理器发送短信查询公交车位置时,信息将自动传递到呼叫手机。由于它是一个原型模块,系统的开发分为两个阶段,但为了实现实际方法,每个公交车站都必须配备带有数据发射器的实时时钟,同样,每辆公交车也必须配备处理单元。在这种方式下,所有的公共汽车信息都可以通过移动电话获得。主要构建模块:RTC,微控制器,7段显示器,调制器,TSOP1738红外传感器包,Max232, GSM模块。模拟公交车站、玩具巴士、大功率电池及其充电器等。
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引用次数: 5
Robust Watermarking Scheme Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and Visual Hided Scheme 基于离散小波变换和视觉隐藏的鲁棒水印方案
Pub Date : 2016-06-02 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000161
D. Sharma, Ankit Aggrawal, Ankita Gupta, H. Rai, Neha Singh
Digital watermarking is one of very popular mechanisms which is widely used for the copyright protection and data authentication of digital multimedia. This paper presents a robust copyright protection scheme based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and visual hided scheme (VHS). Unlike the traditional schemes, in our proposed scheme, the original image is modified by embedding the watermark into the original image. We use the visual hided scheme to construct watermarked image. In embedding 3 level DWT is applied on cover image and then embedding of watermark is performed using VHS technique after resizing the watermark image. In order to express the robustness and perceptibility of the presented watermark scheme experimental results shows the performance of proposed scheme based on parameters peak signal to noise ratio and resistance against various signal processing operations and attacks.
数字水印是一种非常流行的机制,广泛应用于数字多媒体的版权保护和数据认证。提出了一种基于离散小波变换(DWT)和视觉隐藏(VHS)的鲁棒版权保护方案。与传统方案不同的是,本文提出的方案通过在原始图像中嵌入水印对原始图像进行修改。我们使用视觉隐藏方案来构造水印图像。在水印嵌入中,首先对封面图像进行3级小波变换,然后调整水印图像的大小,利用VHS技术进行水印嵌入。为了体现所提水印方案的鲁棒性和可感知性,实验结果表明了基于峰值信噪比和抗各种信号处理操作和攻击的性能。
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引用次数: 3
Topological Optimization of a Refrigerator Bed 冰箱床的拓扑优化
Pub Date : 2016-05-25 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000158
Anan'ina Gn, S. Keerthi, A. Yaska, N. Sukesh, G. Kumar
This paper deals with optimization of a Refrigerator bed. It describes development of a Finite element model consisting of structural members which are designed using basic principles of structural design. Topological optimization is applied to the bed considering volume as the objective along with Displacement as the constraints. Manufacturing constraints are considered to provide the manufacturability and interpretable design proposal. From the interpretations of Topological optimization, two designs are proposed one for Sheet metal and another for Plastic. The refrigerator bed Structure is optimized to minimize the mass and the cost.
本文研究了冰箱床的优化问题。它描述了一个由结构构件组成的有限元模型的发展,这些构件是用结构设计的基本原理设计的。以体积为目标,以位移为约束,对床层进行拓扑优化。考虑制造约束条件,提供可制造性和可解释的设计方案。从拓扑优化的解释出发,提出了两种设计方案,一种是板材的,另一种是塑料的。优化了冰箱床的结构,最大限度地降低了质量和成本。
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引用次数: 2
A Novel Approach to Enhance TCP Throughput in Wireless Sensor Networks 一种提高无线传感器网络TCP吞吐量的新方法
Pub Date : 2016-05-21 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000159
M. Hassani
Wireless sensor network add a new wireless structure have been designed to improve the performance of the new communications. Performance of wireless sensor network has a vital dependency to the transport protocols. TCP is a connection oriented and reliable protocol of transport protocol which is developed for wired networks because of some unique characteristics of wireless sensor network like poor resources, poor channel bandwidth and noisy channels and node mobility, performance of TCP is degraded. In this paper a simulation based performance analysis is presented in the term of TCP throughput. The throughput decay of TCP are evaluated in wireless sensor networks and discuss a bout problem that cause this degradation. On the other hand TCP wrongly assumes congestion is the main reason of each packet lost, while packet lost may happen because of wireless sensor networks limitations that is mentioned above. The propose model modify TCP congestion detection module to distinguish between congestion and non congestion situation. It evaluated by simulated results and throughput enhancement verified by NS2.
无线传感器网络添加了一种新的无线结构,被设计用来提高新的通信性能。无线传感器网络的性能对传输协议有重要的依赖关系。TCP是针对有线网络开发的一种面向连接的可靠传输协议,由于无线传感器网络资源贫乏、信道带宽差、信道噪声大、节点可移动性等特点,导致TCP性能下降。本文从TCP吞吐量的角度进行了基于仿真的性能分析。对无线传感器网络中TCP的吞吐量衰减进行了评估,并讨论了导致这种衰减的主要问题。另一方面,TCP错误地认为拥塞是每个丢包的主要原因,而丢包可能是由于上文提到的无线传感器网络的限制而发生的。该模型改进了TCP拥塞检测模块,以区分拥塞和非拥塞情况。通过仿真结果对其进行了评价,并通过NS2验证了吞吐量的提高。
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引用次数: 3
Effect of Squeeze Cast Process Parameters on Fluidity of Aluminium LM6 Alloy 挤压铸造工艺参数对LM6铝合金流动性的影响
Pub Date : 2016-04-24 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000157
R. Vignesh, G. Sanjay, M. Hi, A. Vignesh, P. Rajarajan
In squeeze casting process, the liquid molten metal charge is compressed under a pressure inside the mould cavity. The applied squeeze pressure should be optimum because the cooling rate of molten metal increases with the increase in applied pressure there by fluidity property decreases. In the present work investigation about the effect of Squeeze pressure on the Aluminium LM6 fluidity property. Fluidity refers to the property of a metal; the most prevalent fluidity tests is the spiral-shaped mould test, Aluminium LM6 alloy in the molten state is applied into the spiral die cavity by the squeeze pressure. The distance covered by molten metal in spiral channel after the application of pressure is the measure for fluidity. The fluidity keeps increasing up to a particular pressure and drops suddenly. At a pouring temperature of 750°C the maximum fluidity of LM6 alloy during squeeze casting was obtained under the applied pressure of 30 MPa and the fluidity of LM6 alloy during squeeze casting increases with increase in pouring molten metal temperature.
在挤压铸造过程中,液态熔融金属料在模腔内的压力下被压缩。施加的挤压压力应该是最佳的,因为随着施加压力的增加,熔融金属的冷却速度增加,流动性降低。本文研究了挤压压力对LM6铝流动性能的影响。流动性是指金属的性质;最流行的流动性试验是螺旋形模具试验,将处于熔融状态的LM6铝合金通过挤压压力施加到螺旋模腔中。施加压力后,熔融金属在螺旋通道中覆盖的距离是衡量流动性的指标。流动性一直增加到某一特定压力,然后突然下降。当浇注温度为750℃时,施加压力为30 MPa时,LM6合金的挤压铸造流动性最大,且随着浇注温度的升高,LM6合金的挤压铸造流动性增大。
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引用次数: 4
An Experimental Biospectroscopic Study on Seminal Plasma in Determination of Semen Quality for Evaluation of Male Infertility 精浆生物光谱法测定男性不育症精液质量的实验研究
Pub Date : 2016-04-14 DOI: 10.4172/0976-4860.1000E007
A. Heidari
To investigate the correlations among seminal plasma Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Molybdenum (Mo) and Iodine (I) concentrations and semen parameters [1– 15]. 500 fertile and 1000 infertile males provided a standardized semen specimen. Total Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Molybdenum (Mo) and Iodine (I) concentrations were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS), Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR), Energy–Dispersive X– Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), UV–Vis spectroscopy and FT–Raman spectroscopy. Semen analysis was performed according to the SigmaAldrich Corporation guidelines. The strong and positive correlation was found among seminal plasma Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Molybdenum (Mo) and Iodine (I) concentrations (p<0.001). Also, positive correlation was found among Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Molybdenum (Mo) and Iodine (I) concentrations and vitality and motility (p<0.0001). On the other hand, there is negative correlation among Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Molybdenum (Mo) and Iodine (I) concentrations and abnormal morphology (Figures 1–3). Therefore, the present data indicated that Magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Selenium (Se), Molybdenum (Mo) and Iodine (I) concentrations could be useful factor in determination of semen quality.
探讨精液中镁(Mg)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)和碘(I)浓度与精液参数的相关性[1 - 15]。500名可育男性和1000名不育男性提供标准化精液标本。采用火焰原子吸收光谱(FAAS)、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、能量色散X射线光谱(EDX)、紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)和傅里叶拉曼光谱(FT-Raman)测定了镁(Mg)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)和碘(I)的浓度。精液分析按照SigmaAldrich公司的指导方针进行。精液中镁(Mg)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)和碘(I)的浓度呈极显著正相关(P <0.001)。镁(Mg)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)和碘(I)浓度与活力和运动性呈显著正相关(P <0.0001)。另一方面,镁(Mg)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)和碘(I)浓度与形态异常呈负相关(图1-3)。因此,目前的数据表明,镁(Mg)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)和碘(I)浓度可以作为精液质量测定的有用因素。
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引用次数: 161
期刊
International journal of advancements in computing technology
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