BMC Oral Health最新文献

Objective: The conventional treatment for oral and maxillofacial abscesses involves incision and drainage. However, postoperative dressing changes often cause pain and other discomfort to patients. Therefore, we explored the use of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technology for treating oral and maxillofacial abscesses. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the efficacy and value of VSD combined with continuous irrigation using physiological saline to treat oral and maxillofacial abscesses.

Materials and methods: Data from 115 patients with oral and maxillofacial abscesses were collected. Patients were divided into two groups based on the treatment strategy: 68 received traditional treatment (Group 1) and 47 were treated with the VSD device (Group 2). The treatment period, incision length and numerical rating scale (NRS) score were compared between the two groups. Postoperative complications were also recorded.

Results: All patients were successfully treated and discharged. Group 2 had a longer treatment duration (10.00 ± 5.87 days) than Group 1 (8.07 ± 3.47 days; p < 0.05) but demonstrated shorter incision lengths (3.04 ± 0.31 cm vs. 3.57 ± 0.44 cm; p < 0.01) and lower NRS scores on postoperative day 1 (1.83 ± 0.70 vs. 2.96 ± 0.83; p < 0.01). Complications included two allergic reactions to adhesive material in Group 2 and higher reoperation rates (Group 2: 4 cases; Group 1: 1 case).

Conclusion: VSD treatment for localized oral and maxillofacial abscesses is comfortable for patients and can reduce the length of surgical incisions. However, the therapeutic effect for maxillofacial multispace infection is still controversial.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to analyze the existing literature to determine the most effective and safe duration of antimicrobial treatment in odontogenic infections of the mandible, addressing a critical gap in clinical guidelines regarding optimal treatment duration.

Materials and methods: A systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024551258), and a comprehensive search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar for articles published up to June 16, 2024. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating different durations of antimicrobial treatment were prioritized.

Results: The database search yielded 3,446 articles. After removing duplicates using Rayyan© software, 2,653 articles remained, of which 26 met the inclusion criteria. Following a thorough evaluation, 8 studies were deemed highly relevant and included in the final analysis. The findings suggest that shorter antibiotic regimens, typically ranging from 3 to 5 days, are effective when combined with surgical interventions, minimizing complications and bacterial resistance.

Conclusions: The evidence indicates that the choice of antibiotic regimen and its duration should be tailored to the patient's clinical condition, the severity of the infection, and local bacterial resistance patterns. While amoxicillin and its derivatives are effective for most cases, alternative antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin or metronidazole may be more suitable in specific scenarios. These findings highlight the importance of individualized treatment plans and the need for further randomized clinical trials to refine evidence-based guidelines.

Background: Free gingival graft (FGG) is considered as a well-established periodontal surgical technique to achieve sufficient keratinized tissue width and thickness and subsequently enhance gingival health and stability. This bibliometric research aims to reveal research focuses and trends about FGG.

Methods: Articles published on FGG were retrospectively retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2000 to 2023. Statistical and visual analyses were performed to characterize their quantity, journals, countries and regions, institutions, authors and keywords by CiteSpace software.

Results: The top 100 most cited articles comprised 80 original research papers and 20 reviews, with an average citation count of 56. Notably, 75% of these works (n = 75) were classified in the Q1 category of the Journal Citation Reports (JCR). The most influential article authored by Dr. Cairo F. in 2014 has received 251 citations. Specifically, 27 high-level papers published in Journal of Periodontology accounted for 1,849 citations. The United States with 30 articles published and the University of Michigan with 11 articles were the most productive country and institution, respectively. Prof. Wang Hom-lay published 6 articles with a total of 608 citations. Additionally, collagen matrix and dental implants have garnered significant attention over the past decades.

Conclusion: Our analysis offers a comprehensive overview and in-depth analysis of the future development trends and potential research directions of FGG, which can inspire both clinical and scientific researchers.

Background: To assess the influence of various factors on the bond strength of glass-based ceramics and develop a model that can predict the bond strength values using machine learning (ML).

Methods: The bond strength values of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramics were collected from existing literature. Nineteen features were listed, and 9 ML algorithms, including logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, decision tree, ensemble methods (extra trees, random forest, gradient boosting, and extreme gradient boosting), and multilayer perceptron, were employed. Importance analysis was performed to determine the significance of the 19 features. A new data set comprising the top five contributing features was used for bond strength class prediction. Grid search cross-validation (CV) and stratified tenfold CV were employed for hyperparameter tuning and model performance assessments. The evaluation metrics used were the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy. Nested CV was also employed to assess the model performance and avoid untruly optimistic results.

Results: A total of 193 bond strength values were collected. Hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or 10-methacryloxydecyldihydrogen phosphate in the primer, and Bis-GMA in the cement were the top five features contributing to the bond strength. Stratified CV produced AUC scores of 0.71-0.93 and accuracy scores of 0.64-0.83. Extreme gradient boosting achieved superior model performance and accuracy and demonstrated good performance in predicting the range of bond strength values.

Conclusions: ML shows promise as a data-driven tool for predicting the bond strength of glass-based ceramics to resin.

Background: Analyzing the morphological growth changes upon mandibular advancement between Twin Block (TB) and Functional Regulator II (FR2) in Class II patients involves measuring the condylar and mandibular changes in terms of linear and volumetric measurements, as well as the distances registered after superimposition. Correspondingly, 3D digital assessment with the benefit of artificial intelligence tools was applied, and color-coded distance maps were descriptively interpreted to visualize the direction of growth.

Subjects and methods: Twenty patients aged 9 to 12 years with skeletal Class II malocclusion with overjet (5-9 mm) were enrolled into two groups: Group 1 (TB) and Group 2 (FR2). CBCT radiographs were taken at T0 (prior to treatment) and T1 (at the end of effective treatment; 7-11 months). 3D UX-Net algorithm was used to extract the 3D models and obtain the volumes. Visual Basic software was employed to develop a method for calculating the 3D distances and angles. 3D superimposition methods through Viewbox software were utilized to analyze growth direction following the treatments, using color-coded distance map visualizations.

Results: The average volume increase of the mandible, right and left condyle was 2666.00 ± 1469.16 mm³, 207.70 ± 125.28 mm³, and 216.90 ± 121.65 mm³, respectively, after TB treatment, and 3316.10 ± 1552.29 mm³, 208.90 ± 116.85 mm³, and 193.65 ± 114.25 mm³, respectively, after FR2 treatment. The mean absolute distances (MAD) for the mandible, right, and left condyle from T1 to T0 were in TB group 1.238 ± 0.757 mm, 2.248 ± 0.346 mm, 2.267 ± 0.593 mm, respectively, and in FR2 group 1.417 ± 0.550 mm, 2.616 ± 1.063 mm, 2.475 ± 0.916 mm, respectively. The visualization of color-coded maps revealed a superior-posterior growth direction of the condyle measuring within 3 mm after the treatment.

Conclusions: Although mandibular and condylar volumes increased in each group when comparing T0 to T1, indicating the efficacy of both appliances in enhancing growth, no clinically or statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of volumetric, linear, and 3D superimposition changes. However, color-coded distance maps demonstrated a consistent pattern of posterior-superior relocation of the condyles in most cases after treatment when comparing T1 to T0, whereas the back of the ramus in more than half of the cases has moved backwards. With no statistical differences between the studied groups.

Background: Global studies have reported varying malocclusion prevalence, highlighting its dependence on age, gender, and population characteristics. This study aims to determine the prevalence of malocclusion in randomly selected public school children and to identify the most common type of malocclusion in this population.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study covering school-age children in Bolu, Turkey A total of 1144 students (591 females, 553 males) aged 10-12 participated in this study. Orthodontic anomalies such as anterior and posterior crossbite, overjet, overbite, open bite, deep bite, midline diastema, presence of wedge lateral teeth, crowding, presence of diastema, Angle malocclusion classification, and abnormal habits were recorded in detail. In the statistical analysis, descriptive analyses were performed, Pearson chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences between the groups, and Kappa test was used to determine the intra-observer consistency.

Results: Posterior crossbite prevalence was found to be higher in females than in males. Moderate overjet and deep bite prevalence were found to be higher in males. The most common malocclusion was Class I, followed by Class II Division 2, Class II Division 1, and Class III malocclusions. Abnormal habits were more common in females, with nail-biting being the most common abnormal habit.

Conclusions: This study provides basic data on orthodontic variables in school-age children. In order to meet the increasing aesthetic and functional needs, more importance should be given to interceptive orthodontic treatments and prevalence studies in this regard.

Purpose: Bone mineral density (BMD) is related to oral health. This study investigated how changes in BMD influence tooth loss risk and dental caries prevalence.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 224 people (199 males and 25 females). The BMD scores of the participants' lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip were categorized as normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis. Oral health was assessed using the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) scores. Based on the number of surviving teeth, the participants were categorized into low (< 20) and high (≥ 20) groups. Differences between groups were assessed using independent sample T tests and one-way analysis of variance.

Results: The normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups comprised 72, 87, and 65 participants, respectively. The OHI-S scores showed no notable variations across the groups. The DMFT index scores were highest (18.69) in the osteoporosis group and lowest (14.08) in the normal group (p < 0.001). Although the number of remaining teeth was lower in the osteoporosis and osteopenia groups compared to the normal group (p < 0.001), that in the osteopenia group approximated the normal group, but was substantially higher than in the osteoporosis group. The group with the lowest number of remaining teeth had lower total hip T-scores, despite significantly higher DMFT indexes (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Tooth loss and dental decay rates were significantly high in patients with osteoporosis. Although bone resorption during osteopenia is not excessive, it constitutes a crucial risk factor for dental health. Therefore, attention must be paid to bone resorption treatment in patients with osteopenia.

Introduction: Oral diseases are a major global health challenge, posing health and economic burdens that have profound impacts on the quality of life, disproportionately affecting marginalized populations such as tribal communities. Among scheduled tribes in India, the Irula community belongs to one of the tribes most vulnerable by poor access to health care and education. The elders in the population have increased incidence and prevalence rates of tooth morbidities-an increased incidence of caries, non-carious lesions, and periodontitis-related conditions that affect oral health related quality of life (OHQOL) dimensions.

Objectives: This study aims to assess tooth morbidity and tooth loss among older Irula community members, identify risk factors, and evaluate how oral and physical comorbidities have been associated with OHRQoL.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on elderly persons aged 60 years and above in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India. A multi-stage random sampling technique was employed in the study. Data were collected by semi-structured questionnaires covering demographics, medical history, oral health practices, and quality of life by clinical dental examination. The tools used included the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) the Smith and Knight Tooth wear index for non-carious lesions, and the Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs (CPITN) index for periodontal disease Furthermore, quality of life assessment was carried out utilizing the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Subsequently, Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of OHRQoL.

Results: The prevalence of carious lesions was 38.5%, non-carious lesions 70%, periodontitis 70.8%, and tooth loss 53.6%. Only 2.3% of participants had restorative dental treatments. Multivariate analysis reveals that illiteracy (AOR = 0.163, p = 0.003), arthritis (AOR = 0.340, p = 0.001), carious lesions (AOR = 1.402, p = 0.031), periodontal disease (AOR = 1.663, p = 0.002), and tooth loss (AOR = 2.744, p = 0.001) affected OHRQoL significantly.

Conclusion: The results regarding the elderly community of Irula point towards the severe oral health disparities observed among them; thus, this raises an urgent need to develop a public health intervention for this eminent existing fact. Removing education and socioeconomic barriers, improving access to dental health care, and advocating culturally appropriate preventive programs could increase OHRQoL. Longitudinal study and policy-driven approaches should be carried out in future studies for sustainable health equity of the tribal population.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of preoperative oral ibuprofen premedication as a preemptive analgesia protocol on postoperative pain following the insertion of a single miniscrew insert.

Methods: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial design was adopted. A total of 68 patients seeking miniscrew insert placement were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the ibuprofen group or the control group, with 34 patients in each group. The ibuprofen group and the control group received 300 mg of ibuprofen sustained-release capsules and a placebo, respectively, 30 min before surgery. Postoperative analgesics were administered as needed. Pain scores at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h postoperatively were recorded using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and the postoperative analgesic consumption was documented.

Results: A total of 68 patients (34 in the control group and 34 in the preemptive analgesia group) completed the trial. No adverse events such as nausea or vomiting occurred in any of the patients. The preemptive analgesia group exhibited significantly lower pain scores at 2, 4, 6, and 8 h postoperatively [2 (0,3), 0 (0,2), 0 (0,0), 0 (0,0.25), respectively] compared to the control group [3 (2,5), 3 (2,4), 2 (0.75,4), 1 (0,3), respectively] (P = 0.0396, P = 0.0067, P = 0.0111, P = 0.0299). The proportions of patients requiring additional analgesics within 2-24 h postoperatively were 17.6% (6/34) in the preemptive analgesia group and 64.7% (22/34) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.013).

Conclusion: Preemptive analgesia with ibuprofen can effectively reduce postoperative pain following miniscrew insert placement and represents a safe and effective perioperative pain management strategy.

Trial registration: The UK's Clinical Study Registry; ISRCTN68332234 (Retrospectively registered); 20/12/2024.

Objective: This in vitro study aimed to assess the color adjustment level of single-shade composites following staining/repolishing and bleaching procedures.

Materials and methods: Cervical cavities in two depths (1 mm and 2 mm) were restored. Three single-shade composites (Omnichroma, OM; Essentia Universal, EU; and Charisma DiamondOne, CDO) and one group-shade composite (NeoSpectraST, NEO) were used (n = 10 for each). Following the thermal aging, half of the restorations were subjected to staining and repolishing procedures, while the other half were subjected to bleaching procedures. The color adjustments between restoration and adjacent tooth surfaces were assessed. The deemed significance was set at < 0.050.

Results: According to the initial measurements, the NEO composite presented the lowest ∆E₀₀ while the OM presented the highest (P = .005 and P = .014). Single-shade composites presented similar and clinically acceptable ∆E₀₀ values (P ≥ .050; AT ≤ 1.8). After the staining, the ∆E₀₀ of the OM was higher among the other single-shade composites (P = .001). Repolishing procedure decreased only the ∆E₀₀ of the NEO composite (P = .020). The bleaching procedure provided no difference for the single-shade composites (P ≥ .050). The increase in the cavity depth decreased the initial color adjustments for the OM in both repolishing and bleaching groups (P = .041 and P = .047).

Conclusions: Re-polishing after aging and staining may not enhance the single-shade composites' color adjustment level, unlike the group-shade composites. Good color adjustment might be predicted for the single-shade composites after bleaching, unlike the group-shade composites. The effect of the cavity depth was considered composite brand dependent.

Clinical significance: Clinicians should understand the color adjustment behaviors of the single-shade composites well after different clinical procedures such as staining, re-polishing, and bleaching to perform a proper restorative treatment plan and to obtain better esthetic outcomes.