BMC Oral Health最新文献

Background: A simple bone cyst (SBC) is a non-neoplastic intraosseous cavity without an epithelial lining. It is usually asymptomatic and has little effect on the surrounding structures. SBC associated with root resorption of the involved tooth has seldom been reported.

Case presentation: A 63-year-old Korean woman was referred to our hospital for a cystic lesion of the left mandibular second molar. Radiographic examination revealed a well-demarcated radiolucent lesion with severe root resorption in the involved tooth. The tooth was extracted, and surgical exploration revealed an empty cavity with only a small amount of fibrous connective tissue. Histological examination revealed external root resorption in the left mandibular second molar and a cystic structure consisting of fibrous collagenous tissue devoid of an epithelial lining.

Conclusions: This case of SBC associated with root resorption offers valuable insight into the diagnostic process for radiolucent lesions accompanied by root resorption.

Background: Age estimation is vital in forensic science, with maxillary sinus development serving as a reliable indicator. This study developed an automatic segmentation model for maxillary sinus identification and parameter measurement, combined with regression and machine learning models for age estimation.

Methods: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images from 292 Han individuals (ranging from 5 to 53 years) were used to train and validate the segmentation model. Measurements included sinus dimensions (length, width, height), inter-sinus distance, and volume. Age estimation models using multiple linear regression and random forest algorithms were built based on these variables.

Results: The automatic segmentation model achieved high accuracy, which yielded a Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.873, an Intersection over Union (IoU) of 0.7753, a Hausdorff Distance 95% (HD95) of 9.8337, and an Average Surface Distance (ASD) of 2.4507. The regression model performed best, with mean absolute errors (MAE) of 1.45 years (under 18) and 3.51 years (aged 18 and above), providing relatively precise age predictions.

Conclusion: The maxillary sinus-based model is a promising tool for age estimation, particularly in adults, and could be enhanced by incorporating additional variables like dental dimensions.

Background: tsRNAs are novel small non-coding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in gene expression, translation, transcription, and epigenetic modification through proteins or mRNAs and may be therapeutic targets for certain diseases. The etiology of non-syndromic cleft palate-only is complex and the pathogenesis is poorly understood, non-coding RNAs play important roles in its development.

Methods: The tsRNAs of patients with simple cleft palate were compared with healthy individuals using small RNA microarray, bioinformatic analysis, quantitative real-time transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the effects measured using immunohistochemical staining.

Results: Seventy-nine tsRNAs were upregulated and fifty-four tsRNAs were downregulated in patients with simple cleft palate compared with healthy individuals, among which the expression of 5'tiRNA-35-GlyTCC-3 and 5'tiRNA-33-CysGCA-11 was markedly different and was involved in key signaling pathways related to the development of the palate, such as the cell cycle, cAMP signaling pathway, BMP signal transduction, folate biosynthesis, and other key signaling pathways that determine anatomical structure occurrence, regulate gene expression during development, influence epigenetics, and other biological processes, its target genes include BMP6, CUL1 and SPR.

Conclusion: 5'tiRNA-35-GlyTCC-3 and 5'tiRNA-33-CysGCA-11 are closely associated with non-syndromic cleft palate development and are expected to be potential new targets for diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is a common type of maxillary sinusitis, which is secondary to adjacent infectious maxillary dental lesions. However, the prevalence and the different odontogenic risk factors that influence the pathogenesis of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis are not clear. Thus, odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is often overlooked and facing great difficulties of multi-disciplinary treatment decisions for odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. The objective of this study was to analyze the different dental potential risk factors of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and optimize dental decision-making of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, which finally provides evidence-based options for multi-disciplinary treatment.

Methods: 968 patients diagnosed with maxillary sinusitis were included based on sinus Computed Tomography, among which 261 patients were categorized as odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. The maxillary sinus and ostiomeatal complex Lund-Mackay score were used to evaluate the severity of sinus infection. Different dental lesions and relevant risk factors that may impact the severity of maxillary sinusitis are systematically evaluated with radiologic data. P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: The prevalence of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in maxillary sinusitis patients was 26.96% and in odontogenic lesions present simultaneously with unilaterally maxillary sinusitis reached up to 79.63%. The Lund-Mackay score of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis was significantly higher than that of non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. The first molar involved accounts for the highest tooth position in odontogenic lesions. The highest incidence of dental origin was peri-root origin, followed by apical origin and oral-antral fistula. The maxillary sinus Lund-Mackay score was significantly increased when the distance between the maxillary sinus floor and the odontogenic lesion was less than 3.32 mm. When the maxillary sinus floor bone was discontinuous, peri-root origin lesions led to a higher ostiomeatal complex Lund-Mackay score.

Conclusion: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis has more severe pathogenesis than non- odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and accounts for 26.96% of maxillary sinusitis. The distance between the sinus floor and the odontogenic lesion, and also the type of odontogenic lesions are important risk factors in the severity of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, which provided new references for guiding the clinical diagnosis and dental treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) applied before mandibular third molar extractions on postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus.

Materials and methods: The study included 28 patients aged 18-45 years with bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars in similar positions, indicated for extraction based on clinical and radiographic examinations. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 received LLLT 10 min before surgery, while Group 2 (control group) underwent routine impacted tooth extraction after applying blue LED light. Measurements were taken preoperatively and at 24 h (T0), 48 h (T1), and 7 days (T2) postoperatively to assess the effects of LLLT on pain, swelling, and trismus. Statistical analysis was performed using the Jamovi 2.2.5 software. Due to the non-normal data distribution, the Friedman test was used for repeated measures within groups, while the Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the laser and control groups.

Results: The study included 23 female (82.14%) and 5 male (17.86%) patients, with a mean age of 21.34 ± 4.37 years. No statistically significant differences were observed between the laser and control groups concerning pain, trismus, and swelling at T0, T1, and T2 (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, preoperative LLLT showed clinically acceptable effects on postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the long-term success of LLLT.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different restorative techniques and materials on cuspal deflection and microleakage in MOD restorations. Eight groups were tested using incremental and bulk-fill techniques, with or without fiber reinforcement. The restorative materials included Filtek Z250 and Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior, while reinforcement materials such as Interlig glass fiber, EverX Posterior, and Surefill SDR were incorporated to assess their impact.

Methods: In total, 96 freshly extracted, sound human maxillary first premolars were selected and stored in 0.1% thymol solution at 37 °C. The teeth were randomly assigned into eight groups (n = 12). Standardized MOD cavities were prepared, followed by endodontic treatment and sealing with glass ionomer cement. The groups were as follows: Group 1-Filtek Z250 applied incrementally in 2-mm layers; Group 2-U-shaped Interlig glass fiber followed by incremental Filtek Z250; Group 3-Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior using the bulk technique; Group 4-U-shaped Interlig glass fiber followed by Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior; Group 5-EverX Posterior followed by incremental Filtek Z250; Group 6-EverX Posterior followed by Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior; Group 7-Surefill SDR followed by incremental Filtek Z250; and Group 8-Surefill SDR followed by Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior. Cuspal deflection was measured using a digital micrometer with 0.05 μm precision. Microleakage was assessed using a 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution at 37 °C for 24 h, followed by sectioning and examination under magnification.

Results: The lowest mean cuspal deflection was observed in Group 2 (15.8 μm), while the highest was in Group 5 (27.2 μm). Statistically significant differences were observed in cuspal deflection across the groups and over time (p < 0.05). Significant differences in microleakage scores were also found among the groups, indicating the impact of restorative materials and techniques on these outcomes (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Filtek Z250 and Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior showed different effects on cuspal deflection and microleakage. The use of glass fiber and EverX Posterior improved restoration performance by reducing polymerization effects. Surefill SDR also reduced cuspal deflection due to its low polymerization shrinkage. Clinically, selecting the appropriate restorative materials and techniques based on the extent of tooth structure loss can improve long-term outcomes.

Objectives: YouTube is a popular source for health-related content, including exercises for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study aimed to evaluate the content and quality of YouTube videos on TMD exercises.

Methods: A systematic search on YouTube using keywords related to TMD exercises and rehabilitation identified relevant videos. Two researchers independently assessed these videos. Content was evaluated using the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI), reliability with modified DISCERN, and quality with the Global Quality Scale (GQS).

Results: One hundred twenty one exercise videos were included in the study. Of these, 47 (38.3%) were helpful, and 89 (73.6%) were uploaded by healthcare professionals. Useful and misleading videos had similar metrics for views, likes, comments, and interaction (p > 0.05), but useful videos had longer durations and older upload dates (p < 0.05). Cohen's Kappa scores showed substantial agreement between raters (mDISCERN = 0.709, GQS = 0.753). The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient for VIQI was 0.907. Significant differences were found in mDISCERN, GQS, and VIQI scores based on the source and usefulness of videos (p < 0.05), with high correlations among the instruments (r = 0.740 to 0.909). The area under the curve for the instruments ranged from 0.785 to 0.876.

Conclusions: The majority of YouTube videos on TMD exercises were deemed useful, primarily uploaded by healthcare professionals, and contained reasonably safe, accurate, and quality information. Although this may seem like a positive outcome, unfortunately there was no explanation of TMD diagnoses in the videos. Therefore, it was unclear which types of TMD pathologies the videos were addressing.

Background: A surplus of clinical studies focused mainly on the clinical impacts of botulinum neurotoxin type A disregarding the histopathological changes stemming from its injection. This study was designed to inspect the potential effects of botulinum neurotoxin type A injection on the skin and buccal mucosa in both the injected and non-injected sides after one week and one month as no available studies have addressed its histopathological effects.

Methods: Twelve rats were injected with a single injection of 2.5 U of botulinum neurotoxin type A intramuscularly near the angle of the mouth on the right side. After one week, six injected rats were euthanized, and tissue samples were obtained from both the injection (n = 6) and the non-injection (n = 6) sides. After 4 weeks, six injected rats were euthanized, and tissue samples were obtained from both the injection (n = 6) and the non-injection (n = 6) sides. Six rats served as non-injected controls (n = 6). Samples were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examination with caspase-3.

Results: Caspase-3 expression showed a highly significant increase (P = 0.005) in staining intensity in specimens of one week as compared to one month groups. At the non-injected side, the overall caspase-3 immunostaining score showed a significant elevation (P = 0.03) after one-month of botulinum neurotoxin type A injection.

Conclusion: Botulinum neurotoxin type A injection was associated with degenerative changes in the buccal mucosa and skin, nevertheless these changes declined after one month in the injected side. More degenerative changes were depicted in the non-injected side and increased after one month. Therefore, botulinum neurotoxin type A injection may affect not only the patient's needs and expectations but also their health.

Background: Poor oral health is associated with several non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular disease. There are also well-known associations between lifestyle habits, cardiovascular disease, and oral health. In Europe, SCORE2 is a recommended instrument for assessing an individual's risk of a cardiovascular event within 10 years. However, no previous studies have examined the association between self-rated oral health and SCORE2. Using data from a cohort of 40- and 50-year-old individuals in Swedish primary healthcare, the present cross-sectional study investigated the association between self-reported poor oral health and cardiovascular risk assessed with targeted health dialogues and SCORE2.

Methods: 40- and 50-year-old individuals registered at 180 primary healthcare centres in southern Sweden were invited to participate in targeted health dialogues. Self-reported oral health and lifestyle habits were collected using a web questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and blood tests were collected. Data were analysed using group comparisons and regression models.

Results: A total of 9499 individuals agreed to participate in the study and completed a targeted health dialogue between January 1, 2021, and January 10, 2024. The group who reported poor oral health had a higher proportion of high waist-hip ratio, insufficient physical activity, poor eating habits and tobacco use compared with individuals with good self-reported oral health. Significantly higher blood pressure was also noted, as well as elevated plasma glucose levels and low-density lipids. The regression analysis showed a significant association between poor self-rated oral health and cardiovascular risk by SCORE2 among both men and women. In the fully adjusted model, the association remained significant only for women.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that individuals with poor self-rated oral health have higher cardiovascular risk and should be offered screening for unhealthy lifestyle habits to prevent cardiovascular events. We suggest that primary healthcare and dental care cooperate in identifying individuals at risk and intervene using evidence-based methods to prevent and address cardiovascular and oral diseases.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration number. NCT04912739. Registration date 2021-06-03, retrospectively registered. Ethical approval was secured from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (registration number 2020-02689 with subsequent amendments).

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of root dentin pretreatment with different concentrations of chitosan on the push-out bond strength (PBS) of fiber post using a self-adhesive resin cement.

Methods: After post-space preparation in 56 maxillary central incisors that underwent endodontic treatment and were filled with gutta-percha (Spident, Korea) and AH Plus resin sealer (Dentsply, USA), the teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 14) for pretreatment with 2.5% chitosan, 1% chitosan, 17% ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), and saline. Fiber posts were cemented into the root canals using Panavia SA resin cement. The teeth were then thermocycled (5°C-55°C, 5,000 cycles), and the roots were sectioned into coronal, middle, and apical thirds. The PBS was measured in a universal testing machine. The mode of failure was also determined under a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The PBS data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test.

Results: The mean PBS of 2.5% chitosan group was significantly higher than that of control group at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root in the post-placement region. However, 2.5% chitosan group had a significant difference in PBS with the EDTA group only in the middle and coronal thirds (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with 1% chitosan and 17% EDTA did not significantly increase the PBS at any level from the root in the post-placement region. Cohesive failure was dominant in 2.5% chitosan group, while mixed failure had the highest frequency in other groups.

Conclusion: Root dentin pretreatment with 2.5% chitosan improved the PBS of fiber post to root dentin by using a self-adhesive resin cement.