Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-19-28
S. M. Abdullozoda
Objective: To provide the national estimates of the prevalence of adult obesity (OB) in the Republic of Tajikistan according to official statistics in the 2015-2019 period. Methods: OB prevalence among the adult population of the Republic of Tajikistan in the 2015-2019 period was estimated based on the annual reports of the Center for Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan. The epidemiological analysis included an assessment of the OB prevalence across the studied period, distribution of overweight people by gender and region of residence. Results: The OB prevalence among the adult population between 2015 and 2019 ranged from 25 to 57 cases per 100,000 people, with an increase by 128% across this period. In 2016 the prevalence increased by 23.1%, in 2017 – by 16.7%, in 2018 – by 10.7% and in 2019 – by 43.5%. The highest prevalence of OB was noted among the residents of the capital; during the study period its increase was 69.2% (from 104 to 176 per 100,000 people; p<0.001). The second high OB prevalence was found in the Sughd region, where it showed an increase across the studied period by 186.7%; in 2019 it was 86 per 100,000 compared to 30 per 100,000 in 2015 (p<0.001). The lowest OB prevalence was noted among the residents of GBAO, where it ranged from 3 to 11 cases per 100,000 people (p>0.05). The same trend was observed among the residents of the Khatlon region, where in the study period the increase in the OB prevalence was insignificant (from 6 to 19 per 100,000 people; p>0.05). Analysis of the data showed that during this period, the life expectancy among women increased by 128.2%, among men – by 150%. However, among the males in the 2016-2018 period there was no significant increase in the OB prevalence (p>0.05). People aged 45 years and above had significantly higher OB prevalence than all other age groups (p<0.001) during the study period. Only in 2016 there was no significant increase (p>0.05) of the OB prevalence among the elderly population (75 and above). Conclusion: The analysis of the data obtained showed that in the Republic of Tajikistan, the OB prevalence among the adult population in the study period ranged from 25 to 75 cases per 100,000 people and increased by 128% between 2015 and 2019. Primary health care facilities should develop a national registry of obese people and provide clinical and epidemiological monitoring of the overweight population. Promoting a healthy lifestyle, healthy diet and physical exercise of the population through the media will improve the health level and quality of life of the population. Keywords: Obesity, epidemiology, prevalence, risk factors, healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION OF TAJIKISTAN","authors":"S. M. Abdullozoda","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-19-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-19-28","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To provide the national estimates of the prevalence of adult obesity (OB) in the Republic of Tajikistan according to official statistics in the 2015-2019 period. Methods: OB prevalence among the adult population of the Republic of Tajikistan in the 2015-2019 period was estimated based on the annual reports of the Center for Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan. The epidemiological analysis included an assessment of the OB prevalence across the studied period, distribution of overweight people by gender and region of residence. Results: The OB prevalence among the adult population between 2015 and 2019 ranged from 25 to 57 cases per 100,000 people, with an increase by 128% across this period. In 2016 the prevalence increased by 23.1%, in 2017 – by 16.7%, in 2018 – by 10.7% and in 2019 – by 43.5%. The highest prevalence of OB was noted among the residents of the capital; during the study period its increase was 69.2% (from 104 to 176 per 100,000 people; p<0.001). The second high OB prevalence was found in the Sughd region, where it showed an increase across the studied period by 186.7%; in 2019 it was 86 per 100,000 compared to 30 per 100,000 in 2015 (p<0.001). The lowest OB prevalence was noted among the residents of GBAO, where it ranged from 3 to 11 cases per 100,000 people (p>0.05). The same trend was observed among the residents of the Khatlon region, where in the study period the increase in the OB prevalence was insignificant (from 6 to 19 per 100,000 people; p>0.05). Analysis of the data showed that during this period, the life expectancy among women increased by 128.2%, among men – by 150%. However, among the males in the 2016-2018 period there was no significant increase in the OB prevalence (p>0.05). People aged 45 years and above had significantly higher OB prevalence than all other age groups (p<0.001) during the study period. Only in 2016 there was no significant increase (p>0.05) of the OB prevalence among the elderly population (75 and above). Conclusion: The analysis of the data obtained showed that in the Republic of Tajikistan, the OB prevalence among the adult population in the study period ranged from 25 to 75 cases per 100,000 people and increased by 128% between 2015 and 2019. Primary health care facilities should develop a national registry of obese people and provide clinical and epidemiological monitoring of the overweight population. Promoting a healthy lifestyle, healthy diet and physical exercise of the population through the media will improve the health level and quality of life of the population. Keywords: Obesity, epidemiology, prevalence, risk factors, healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-176-184
I. Shurygina, A. Zhivotenko, O. A. Goldberg, V. Sorokovikov
Objective: To identify the morphological patterns of development and prevention of experimental epidural fibrosis based on the shape of the dural sac in the area of laminectomy. Methods: Male Wistar rats aged 4-5 months underwent laminectomy at the level of L6-S1. The animals were divided into two groups with 7 animals per group. In the main group (Group A) the animals were treated with Antiadhesin® gel applied to the wound to prevent the development of epidural fibrosis, while in the group of comparison (Group B), the gel was not applied. Another 7 healthy animals were used as a control group. The animals were taken out of experiment on the 28th day. Histological slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin were used to measure the width and length of the dural sac, its area, perimeter, and calculate its deformity index. Results: In group B at the level of laminectomy, the ratio of the width to length of the dural sac was significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05), mainly due to the enlarged width, while the length did not change significantly. In group A these parameters did not differ from the control group, which indicated that application of Antiadhesin® prevented formation of a connective tissue scar which could compress the dural sac and cause its deformation. In group A in the area of surgical intervention, granulomas with Pirogov-Langhans cells were detected, both in the soft tissues and in the lumen of the spinal canal. These findings in perioperative tissues might be related to biocompatibility and indicate their reaction to a gel as a foreign body. Conclusion: In clinical practice optimal materials for the prevention of epidural fibrosis are missing. There is an obvious need for further research in order to obtain implants capable of inhibiting and reducing the formation of epidural fibrosis. Keywords: Dura mater, epidural fibrosis, prevention, experiment, laminectomy, Antiadhesin®.
{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT AND PREVENTION OF EXPERIMENTAL EPIDURAL FIBROSIS","authors":"I. Shurygina, A. Zhivotenko, O. A. Goldberg, V. Sorokovikov","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-176-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-176-184","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify the morphological patterns of development and prevention of experimental epidural fibrosis based on the shape of the dural sac in the area of laminectomy. Methods: Male Wistar rats aged 4-5 months underwent laminectomy at the level of L6-S1. The animals were divided into two groups with 7 animals per group. In the main group (Group A) the animals were treated with Antiadhesin® gel applied to the wound to prevent the development of epidural fibrosis, while in the group of comparison (Group B), the gel was not applied. Another 7 healthy animals were used as a control group. The animals were taken out of experiment on the 28th day. Histological slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin were used to measure the width and length of the dural sac, its area, perimeter, and calculate its deformity index. Results: In group B at the level of laminectomy, the ratio of the width to length of the dural sac was significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05), mainly due to the enlarged width, while the length did not change significantly. In group A these parameters did not differ from the control group, which indicated that application of Antiadhesin® prevented formation of a connective tissue scar which could compress the dural sac and cause its deformation. In group A in the area of surgical intervention, granulomas with Pirogov-Langhans cells were detected, both in the soft tissues and in the lumen of the spinal canal. These findings in perioperative tissues might be related to biocompatibility and indicate their reaction to a gel as a foreign body. Conclusion: In clinical practice optimal materials for the prevention of epidural fibrosis are missing. There is an obvious need for further research in order to obtain implants capable of inhibiting and reducing the formation of epidural fibrosis. Keywords: Dura mater, epidural fibrosis, prevention, experiment, laminectomy, Antiadhesin®.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-113-122
B Душенков, A Душенкова
Objective: To assess the potential role of botanicals as therapeutic agents against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: This narrative review examined the potential role of botanicals as therapeutic agents against the SARS-CoV-2 virus based on the references limited to the English language and published up to February 2022 and retrieved from common academic search engines using multiple keywords and their combinations. The scientific names of plant species were confirmed using World Flora Online (https://wfoplantlist.org/). Results: The role of botanicals in targeting druggable points in the virus replication cycle has been evaluated. This includes the potential role of phytochemicals and medicinal plant concoctions in preventing the virus from entering the cell. Furthermore, the agents have been shown to hinder the attachment of S protein to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, block RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase, inhibit 3-chymotrypsin like protease, main protease, neuraminidase, and other enzymes involved in virus replication. Special attention was played to the role of botanicals as immunomodulators and adaptogens. Conclusion: Botanicals have a high potential as prospective agents in managing viral diseases. Botanicals' mode of action(s) may be based on their direct interference with the virus's ability to enter human cells, virus replication, or their activation of the immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory responses. In addition, the adjuvant treatments with botanicals have the potential to result in advances in symptom resolution, decrease disease burden and shorten disease duration. Keywords: COVID-19, botanicals, herbal drugs, Ayurveda, nutraceuticals, phytochemicals, dietary supplements.
{"title":"РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ КАК ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОТИВОВИРУСНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ SARS-COV-2 ИНФЕКЦИИ.","authors":"B Душенков, A Душенкова","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-113-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-113-122","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the potential role of botanicals as therapeutic agents against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: This narrative review examined the potential role of botanicals as therapeutic agents against the SARS-CoV-2 virus based on the references limited to the English language and published up to February 2022 and retrieved from common academic search engines using multiple keywords and their combinations. The scientific names of plant species were confirmed using World Flora Online (https://wfoplantlist.org/). Results: The role of botanicals in targeting druggable points in the virus replication cycle has been evaluated. This includes the potential role of phytochemicals and medicinal plant concoctions in preventing the virus from entering the cell. Furthermore, the agents have been shown to hinder the attachment of S protein to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, block RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase, inhibit 3-chymotrypsin like protease, main protease, neuraminidase, and other enzymes involved in virus replication. Special attention was played to the role of botanicals as immunomodulators and adaptogens. Conclusion: Botanicals have a high potential as prospective agents in managing viral diseases. Botanicals' mode of action(s) may be based on their direct interference with the virus's ability to enter human cells, virus replication, or their activation of the immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory responses. In addition, the adjuvant treatments with botanicals have the potential to result in advances in symptom resolution, decrease disease burden and shorten disease duration. Keywords: COVID-19, botanicals, herbal drugs, Ayurveda, nutraceuticals, phytochemicals, dietary supplements.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"24 1","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9553026/pdf/nihms-1839364.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33503540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-218-228
M. Gulov, K. R. Ruziboyzoda, S. M. Abdullozoda
Objective: To study the role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of liver failure (LF) in obstructive jaundice of benign origin (OJBO). Methods: The study was based on the analysis of the results of a clinical examination of 68 patients with varying degrees of OJBO severity. For the determination of the severity of OJBO the classification proposed by Galperin EI (2012) was used. The class A severity was noted in 28 (43.7%) patients, class B – in 20 (36.5%) patients. The class C was determined in 20 (19.8%) patients which developed sepsis, encephalopathy, mono- or multiple organ failure. To assess endothelial dysfunction and its significance in the pathogenesis of OJBO and LF, the levels of markers of endothelial dysfunction in blood were assessed in patients with OJBO at various degrees of its severity. Results: The progression of OJBO, especially in patients with class B and C, contributed to a more pronounced changes of the level of markers of endothelial dysfunction and endotoxemia, leading to the development of LF. Thus, the increase in the level of mid-molecules (MM) in patients with OJBO complicated by LF reached 0.973±0.68 units, while with cholangitis added it comprised 0.1274±0.7 units; conjugated dienes (DC) levels were 1.58±0.17 mmol/ml of serum and 1.97±0.10 mmol/ml of serum; malondialdehyde (MDA) – 3.9±0.12 nmol/ml of serum and 4.8±0.16 nmol/ml of serum; the level of nitric oxide (NO) decreased up to 19.2±1.3 μmol/l and 16.4±1.4 μmol/l and the level of thrombomodulin – up to 78.6±5.4 pg/ml and 53.4±4.3 pg/ml, respectively. There was a significant increase in the indices of circulating desquamated endotheliocytes (CDE) up to 8.4±0.1 %/100 μl and 13.9±1.2 %/100 μl; and the level of endothelin-1 reached 1.2±0.07 fmol/ml and 1.4±0.05 fmol/ml, respectively, which was caused by the activation of free radicals. In addition, there was an increase in the diameter of the portal vein (1.02±0.03 cm and 1.921±0.02 cm), as well as linear (19.8±1.3 cm/ sec and 25.1±1.4 cm/sec) and volumetric (1321±124 ml/min and 1647±140 ml/min) blood flow velocities. Conclusion: With the progression of the OJBO (class B and C), significant and pronounced changes were found in the indicators of oxidative endotoxemia, hypoxia and cytokine profile, as well as marked circulatory disorders in the liver, directly correlating with the severity of endothelial dysfunction, which is the leading mechanism for the LF development. Keywords: Obstructive jaundice, cholestasis, cholemia, cholangitis, endothelial dysfunction, liver failure.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF LIVER FAILURE IN OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE OF BENIGN ORIGIN","authors":"M. Gulov, K. R. Ruziboyzoda, S. M. Abdullozoda","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-218-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-218-228","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of liver failure (LF) in obstructive jaundice of benign origin (OJBO). Methods: The study was based on the analysis of the results of a clinical examination of 68 patients with varying degrees of OJBO severity. For the determination of the severity of OJBO the classification proposed by Galperin EI (2012) was used. The class A severity was noted in 28 (43.7%) patients, class B – in 20 (36.5%) patients. The class C was determined in 20 (19.8%) patients which developed sepsis, encephalopathy, mono- or multiple organ failure. To assess endothelial dysfunction and its significance in the pathogenesis of OJBO and LF, the levels of markers of endothelial dysfunction in blood were assessed in patients with OJBO at various degrees of its severity. Results: The progression of OJBO, especially in patients with class B and C, contributed to a more pronounced changes of the level of markers of endothelial dysfunction and endotoxemia, leading to the development of LF. Thus, the increase in the level of mid-molecules (MM) in patients with OJBO complicated by LF reached 0.973±0.68 units, while with cholangitis added it comprised 0.1274±0.7 units; conjugated dienes (DC) levels were 1.58±0.17 mmol/ml of serum and 1.97±0.10 mmol/ml of serum; malondialdehyde (MDA) – 3.9±0.12 nmol/ml of serum and 4.8±0.16 nmol/ml of serum; the level of nitric oxide (NO) decreased up to 19.2±1.3 μmol/l and 16.4±1.4 μmol/l and the level of thrombomodulin – up to 78.6±5.4 pg/ml and 53.4±4.3 pg/ml, respectively. There was a significant increase in the indices of circulating desquamated endotheliocytes (CDE) up to 8.4±0.1 %/100 μl and 13.9±1.2 %/100 μl; and the level of endothelin-1 reached 1.2±0.07 fmol/ml and 1.4±0.05 fmol/ml, respectively, which was caused by the activation of free radicals. In addition, there was an increase in the diameter of the portal vein (1.02±0.03 cm and 1.921±0.02 cm), as well as linear (19.8±1.3 cm/ sec and 25.1±1.4 cm/sec) and volumetric (1321±124 ml/min and 1647±140 ml/min) blood flow velocities. Conclusion: With the progression of the OJBO (class B and C), significant and pronounced changes were found in the indicators of oxidative endotoxemia, hypoxia and cytokine profile, as well as marked circulatory disorders in the liver, directly correlating with the severity of endothelial dysfunction, which is the leading mechanism for the LF development. Keywords: Obstructive jaundice, cholestasis, cholemia, cholangitis, endothelial dysfunction, liver failure.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-244-253
E. K. Ibragimov, A. Davlatov, M. Malikov, M. Khaydarov, N. Khamidov, N. A. Makhmadkulova
Objective: To study surgical management of post-burn scar extension contractures of the toes. Methods: The treatment outcomes of 72 children with post-burn scar extension contractures of the toes between the ages of 3-15 were analysed. There were 38 boys (52.8%), girls – 34 (47.2%). In 14 (19.4%) children, both feet were affected, with a total of 86 feet with extension contracture. In most cases (n=53, 73.6%) of children (62 feet), retracting scars extending proximally also caused extension contracture of the ankle joint. Results: In all cases, a modified Z-plasty (butterfly flap) technique, according to Hirshowitz, was used to correct scar contracture of the anterior ankle. In 89.5% of patients (77 feet) after reconstruction using a local flap, soft tissue defects (range, 6-30 cm2) remained. The defects were covered with full-thickness autologous skin grafts. In this case, in 32.6% (28 feet), the exposed tendons and cutaneous nerves were preliminarily covered by the surrounding subcutaneous tissue and fascia used as a blood-supplying source. Local flap surgery helped reconstruct mild scar contracture in 16 (18.6%) feet. In 21 (24.4%) cases, tendon-articular structures were reconstructed. Complications in the early postoperative period were observed in 7 out of 86 operated feet, which amounted to 8.1%. In all cases, complications included marginal necrosis of local flaps and transplanted full-thickness skin grafts observed in 4 feet (4.6%) and 3 (3.5%) feet, respectively. In all cases, engrafting of a full-thickness skin graft was noted; and there was no complete recurrence of contracture. Due to the somatic growth of children in 8 cases (9.3%) in the late postoperative period (after 6-10 years), repeated corrective surgical procedures were required. Conclusion: In children, burn contractures of the toes require surgical intervention on the skin and soft tissue. Unfortunately, the pathological process is almost always accompanied by a lack of skin and soft tissue, requiring skin grafts. In the long term, there is a need for repeated corrective surgical interventions. Keywords: Post-burn contracture, skin autografts, foot contracture, local flap surgery.
{"title":"SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF POST-BURN SCAR EXTENSION CONTRACTURES OF THE TOES","authors":"E. K. Ibragimov, A. Davlatov, M. Malikov, M. Khaydarov, N. Khamidov, N. A. Makhmadkulova","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-244-253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-244-253","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study surgical management of post-burn scar extension contractures of the toes. Methods: The treatment outcomes of 72 children with post-burn scar extension contractures of the toes between the ages of 3-15 were analysed. There were 38 boys (52.8%), girls – 34 (47.2%). In 14 (19.4%) children, both feet were affected, with a total of 86 feet with extension contracture. In most cases (n=53, 73.6%) of children (62 feet), retracting scars extending proximally also caused extension contracture of the ankle joint. Results: In all cases, a modified Z-plasty (butterfly flap) technique, according to Hirshowitz, was used to correct scar contracture of the anterior ankle. In 89.5% of patients (77 feet) after reconstruction using a local flap, soft tissue defects (range, 6-30 cm2) remained. The defects were covered with full-thickness autologous skin grafts. In this case, in 32.6% (28 feet), the exposed tendons and cutaneous nerves were preliminarily covered by the surrounding subcutaneous tissue and fascia used as a blood-supplying source. Local flap surgery helped reconstruct mild scar contracture in 16 (18.6%) feet. In 21 (24.4%) cases, tendon-articular structures were reconstructed. Complications in the early postoperative period were observed in 7 out of 86 operated feet, which amounted to 8.1%. In all cases, complications included marginal necrosis of local flaps and transplanted full-thickness skin grafts observed in 4 feet (4.6%) and 3 (3.5%) feet, respectively. In all cases, engrafting of a full-thickness skin graft was noted; and there was no complete recurrence of contracture. Due to the somatic growth of children in 8 cases (9.3%) in the late postoperative period (after 6-10 years), repeated corrective surgical procedures were required. Conclusion: In children, burn contractures of the toes require surgical intervention on the skin and soft tissue. Unfortunately, the pathological process is almost always accompanied by a lack of skin and soft tissue, requiring skin grafts. In the long term, there is a need for repeated corrective surgical interventions. Keywords: Post-burn contracture, skin autografts, foot contracture, local flap surgery.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-331-343
O. Nematzoda, A. Gaibov, O. F. Soliev, KH.A. Toshpulotov, S. Ali-Zade, A. Baratov
Objective: To analyze the results of the first experience of performing simultaneous operations for saphenous varicose veins of the lower extremities and knee osteoarthritis. Methods: The results of simultaneously performed combined phlebectomy and arthroscopic knee surgery in patients with varicose veins (VV) were analyzed. A total of 15 female patients (mean age 52.8±1.9 years) were included in the study. In 5 patients, Clinical Class II, according to the Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathophysiological (CEAP) classification, published in 1994 for chronic venous disease, was noted, and in 10 – class III. In 13 (86.7%) cases, there was a bilateral dilatation of the saphenous veins; and in 12 patients, there was a combined dilatation of both the Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) and Small Saphenous Vein (SSV). Perforator venous insufficiency was present in 5 patients. Among those examined, in 5 cases, clinical and laboratory findings of the КOA grade II, according to the Kellgren and Lawrence system (1957) for OA classification, were noted, and in 10 patients – grade III. Overweight was observed in 9 patients, and the mean weight was 77.5±3.8 kg. Assessment of the function of the knee joints before and three months after the operation was carried out according to Lequesne's algo-functional index (AFI). Results: The mean diameter of the GSV and SSV was 10.2±0.4 and 6.4±0.4 mm, respectively, and the diameter of insufficient perforating veins was 4.1±0.3 mm. The malleolar circumference before surgical treatment was 37.7±1.5 cm. In all cases, patients had pain and discomfort during the night (n=5 with movement and n=10 without), morning stiffness (n=9), and increased pain when walking a certain distance (n=8) or at the beginning of the movement (n=7). A positive correlation was found between pain and discomfort with age (r=0.53), KOA stage (r=0.70), malleolar circumference (r=0.58) and a negative correlation with body weight (r=-0.55) and recurrence of VV(r=-0.68). All patients complained of walking difficulties, and as a result, their walking distance was reduced. A direct correlation was found between walking distance and body weight (r=0.71), KOA stage (r=0.84), malleolar circumference (r=0.81), pain and discomfort during the night (r=0.66). In addition, in all cases, there was a decrease in daily life activities – the ability to climb one flight of stairs up or down at a moderate effort, squatting or kneeling, and limited ability to walk on uneven ground. The mean operative time of the combined operation's first step (phlebectomy) and arthroscopic knee surgery was 125.5±25.5 and 58.2±10.5 minutes, respectively. The development of postoperative seroma in the wound area was observed in only one case. The average hospital stay was 7.2±1.2 days, and sutures were removed within 10-12 days. A follow-up examination of patients after 1 and 3 months revealed a significant decrease in all the above parameters of Lequesne's AFI and malleolar circumference to 32.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF RESULTS OF THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF COMBINED SURGERY FOR VARICOSE VEINS AND KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS","authors":"O. Nematzoda, A. Gaibov, O. F. Soliev, KH.A. Toshpulotov, S. Ali-Zade, A. Baratov","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-331-343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-331-343","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the results of the first experience of performing simultaneous operations for saphenous varicose veins of the lower extremities and knee osteoarthritis. Methods: The results of simultaneously performed combined phlebectomy and arthroscopic knee surgery in patients with varicose veins (VV) were analyzed. A total of 15 female patients (mean age 52.8±1.9 years) were included in the study. In 5 patients, Clinical Class II, according to the Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathophysiological (CEAP) classification, published in 1994 for chronic venous disease, was noted, and in 10 – class III. In 13 (86.7%) cases, there was a bilateral dilatation of the saphenous veins; and in 12 patients, there was a combined dilatation of both the Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) and Small Saphenous Vein (SSV). Perforator venous insufficiency was present in 5 patients. Among those examined, in 5 cases, clinical and laboratory findings of the КOA grade II, according to the Kellgren and Lawrence system (1957) for OA classification, were noted, and in 10 patients – grade III. Overweight was observed in 9 patients, and the mean weight was 77.5±3.8 kg. Assessment of the function of the knee joints before and three months after the operation was carried out according to Lequesne's algo-functional index (AFI). Results: The mean diameter of the GSV and SSV was 10.2±0.4 and 6.4±0.4 mm, respectively, and the diameter of insufficient perforating veins was 4.1±0.3 mm. The malleolar circumference before surgical treatment was 37.7±1.5 cm. In all cases, patients had pain and discomfort during the night (n=5 with movement and n=10 without), morning stiffness (n=9), and increased pain when walking a certain distance (n=8) or at the beginning of the movement (n=7). A positive correlation was found between pain and discomfort with age (r=0.53), KOA stage (r=0.70), malleolar circumference (r=0.58) and a negative correlation with body weight (r=-0.55) and recurrence of VV(r=-0.68). All patients complained of walking difficulties, and as a result, their walking distance was reduced. A direct correlation was found between walking distance and body weight (r=0.71), KOA stage (r=0.84), malleolar circumference (r=0.81), pain and discomfort during the night (r=0.66). In addition, in all cases, there was a decrease in daily life activities – the ability to climb one flight of stairs up or down at a moderate effort, squatting or kneeling, and limited ability to walk on uneven ground. The mean operative time of the combined operation's first step (phlebectomy) and arthroscopic knee surgery was 125.5±25.5 and 58.2±10.5 minutes, respectively. The development of postoperative seroma in the wound area was observed in only one case. The average hospital stay was 7.2±1.2 days, and sutures were removed within 10-12 days. A follow-up examination of patients after 1 and 3 months revealed a significant decrease in all the above parameters of Lequesne's AFI and malleolar circumference to 32.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-50-58
M. I. Makhmudnazarov
Objective: To study dynamical changes in the functional state of the nose in patients with nasal deformity (ND) in combination with diseases of the nasal cavity (DNC) and paranasal sinuses (PNS) before and after single-step surgical treatment. Methods: The functional state of the nasal cavity was studied in 184 patients with ND in combination with DNC and PS in patients aged 16 to 45 years. The patients were divided into two groups of 92 people each. Group 1 consisted of patients with ND and nasal septum deformity (NSD) combined with DNC, and group 2 consisted of patients with ND and NSD combined with the DNC and PNS. The study included rhinoscopy, PNS CT scan, rhinomanometry, olfactometry, and analysis of the average duration of mucociliary transport (MCT). In addition, 184 septoplasties, 96 ultrasound turbinate reductions, 48 submucosal vasotomies, 17 nasal turbinate resections, 15 polypectomies/ethmoidectomies, 8 maxillotomies, and 184 rhinoplasties were carried out as a single-stage procedure. Results: It was revealed that significant impairment of the nose's respiratory, olfactory, protective, and aesthetic functions occurs with ND combined with DNC and PNS. Six months after single-step surgical interventions, the restoration of nasal breathing was observed in 94.6% and 91.3% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. At the same time, in 96.7% and 92.4% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively, the sense of smell returned to normal. In addition, normalisation of MCT duration was noted in 92.4% and 89.1% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the parameters between the groups, the changes in all the studied dynamic parameters over the observation period in both groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The obtained results show the effectiveness of single-stage operations compared to multi-step procedures and the feasibility of their implementation in cases of ND in combination with DNC and PNS. Keywords: Paranasal sinuses, nasal deformity, nasal septum deformity, turbinate hypertrophy, one-stage operations, mucociliary transport.
{"title":"DYNAMICS OF RECOVERY OF FUNCTIONS OF THE NOSE IN PATIENTS WITH NASAL DEFORMITY COMBINED WITH NASAL CAVITY AND PARANASAL SINUSES DISORDERS IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD","authors":"M. I. Makhmudnazarov","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-50-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-50-58","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study dynamical changes in the functional state of the nose in patients with nasal deformity (ND) in combination with diseases of the nasal cavity (DNC) and paranasal sinuses (PNS) before and after single-step surgical treatment. Methods: The functional state of the nasal cavity was studied in 184 patients with ND in combination with DNC and PS in patients aged 16 to 45 years. The patients were divided into two groups of 92 people each. Group 1 consisted of patients with ND and nasal septum deformity (NSD) combined with DNC, and group 2 consisted of patients with ND and NSD combined with the DNC and PNS. The study included rhinoscopy, PNS CT scan, rhinomanometry, olfactometry, and analysis of the average duration of mucociliary transport (MCT). In addition, 184 septoplasties, 96 ultrasound turbinate reductions, 48 submucosal vasotomies, 17 nasal turbinate resections, 15 polypectomies/ethmoidectomies, 8 maxillotomies, and 184 rhinoplasties were carried out as a single-stage procedure. Results: It was revealed that significant impairment of the nose's respiratory, olfactory, protective, and aesthetic functions occurs with ND combined with DNC and PNS. Six months after single-step surgical interventions, the restoration of nasal breathing was observed in 94.6% and 91.3% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. At the same time, in 96.7% and 92.4% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively, the sense of smell returned to normal. In addition, normalisation of MCT duration was noted in 92.4% and 89.1% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the parameters between the groups, the changes in all the studied dynamic parameters over the observation period in both groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The obtained results show the effectiveness of single-stage operations compared to multi-step procedures and the feasibility of their implementation in cases of ND in combination with DNC and PNS. Keywords: Paranasal sinuses, nasal deformity, nasal septum deformity, turbinate hypertrophy, one-stage operations, mucociliary transport.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-275-281
A. Murodov
Pancreatic teratoma is an infrequent entity. Only a few cases have been reported in the world literature. The primary treatment for mature teratoma is radical surgery. The article presents a case of pancreatic teratoma in a 3-year-old patient. Teratoma was diagnosed preoperatively with an intravenous contrast-enhanced CT scan, which revealed that the common hepatic and splenic arteries enter the tumour walls. Intraoperative revision confirmed the CT data, and corporocaudal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection (modified Appleby procedure) was performed to achieve R0 resection. In this case, the blood supply to the liver and stomach was derived from the superior mesenteric artery via the pancreaticoduodenal arcades and then through the gastroduodenal artery. The postoperative period was uneventful. The patient was discharged on the eighth day in satisfactory condition. Keywords: Teratoma, mature teratoma, pancreas, corporocaudal resection, celiac trunk.
{"title":"TERATOMA OF THE PANCREAS","authors":"A. Murodov","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-275-281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-275-281","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic teratoma is an infrequent entity. Only a few cases have been reported in the world literature. The primary treatment for mature teratoma is radical surgery. The article presents a case of pancreatic teratoma in a 3-year-old patient. Teratoma was diagnosed preoperatively with an intravenous contrast-enhanced CT scan, which revealed that the common hepatic and splenic arteries enter the tumour walls. Intraoperative revision confirmed the CT data, and corporocaudal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection (modified Appleby procedure) was performed to achieve R0 resection. In this case, the blood supply to the liver and stomach was derived from the superior mesenteric artery via the pancreaticoduodenal arcades and then through the gastroduodenal artery. The postoperative period was uneventful. The patient was discharged on the eighth day in satisfactory condition. Keywords: Teratoma, mature teratoma, pancreas, corporocaudal resection, celiac trunk.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-12-18
B.KH. Nushervoni
Objective: To study the characteristics of the working environment of passenger transport drivers (PTDs) in a metropolis. Methods: The study was conducted at the state unitary enterprises "Avtobus-1", "Avtobus-2", "Avtobus-3", and "Trolleybus-1" of the city of Dushanbe. 223 drivers of AKIA, ISUZU, LiAZ buses and TIU trolleybuses were involved. Studies of noise and vibration levels at workplaces and dust and gas pollution in driver's cabs were carried out. Results: Noise and vibration levels in the AKIA and ISUZU buses were within the normal range. In LiAZ buses, noise and vibration levels exceeded the maximum permissible levels (MPL) by 9 dB and 12.7 dB, respectively. In trolleybuses, these levels were exceeded by 20 dB and 17.3 dB. The dust concentration inside vehicle cabins of all vehicles was 3.9 to 5.75 times higher than the maximum allowable concentration (MAC). The highest dust concentration was noted in the air at the workplaces of LiAZ buses and TIU trolleybuses drivers – 10.4 mg/m3 and 11.5 mg/m3, respectively. The amount of nitric oxide in the breathing zone of AKIA bus drivers was 10.3 mg/m3, and in the cabs of ISUZU buses, it was 10.6 mg/m3. The highest concentrations of nitric oxide were observed in the cabs of LiAZ buses, which exceeded the MAC by 2.7 times. All vehicles' carbon monoxide concentration was 1.4 to 2.3 times the MAC. Conclusion: Noise and vibration levels are increased in older vehicles, while they correspond to the norms in new generation buses. A significant MAC excess of dust and harmful gases in the buses and trolleybuses cabs, especially during the hot season, is mainly due to the attitude of PTDs in Dushanbe, who fail to comply with the driver's cabin sealing recommendations. Keywords: Passenger vehicles, noise, vibration, gas contamination and dustiness of the air.
{"title":"HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS OF PASSENGER VEHICLE DRIVERS IN A METROPOLIS","authors":"B.KH. Nushervoni","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-12-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-1-12-18","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the characteristics of the working environment of passenger transport drivers (PTDs) in a metropolis. Methods: The study was conducted at the state unitary enterprises \"Avtobus-1\", \"Avtobus-2\", \"Avtobus-3\", and \"Trolleybus-1\" of the city of Dushanbe. 223 drivers of AKIA, ISUZU, LiAZ buses and TIU trolleybuses were involved. Studies of noise and vibration levels at workplaces and dust and gas pollution in driver's cabs were carried out. Results: Noise and vibration levels in the AKIA and ISUZU buses were within the normal range. In LiAZ buses, noise and vibration levels exceeded the maximum permissible levels (MPL) by 9 dB and 12.7 dB, respectively. In trolleybuses, these levels were exceeded by 20 dB and 17.3 dB. The dust concentration inside vehicle cabins of all vehicles was 3.9 to 5.75 times higher than the maximum allowable concentration (MAC). The highest dust concentration was noted in the air at the workplaces of LiAZ buses and TIU trolleybuses drivers – 10.4 mg/m3 and 11.5 mg/m3, respectively. The amount of nitric oxide in the breathing zone of AKIA bus drivers was 10.3 mg/m3, and in the cabs of ISUZU buses, it was 10.6 mg/m3. The highest concentrations of nitric oxide were observed in the cabs of LiAZ buses, which exceeded the MAC by 2.7 times. All vehicles' carbon monoxide concentration was 1.4 to 2.3 times the MAC. Conclusion: Noise and vibration levels are increased in older vehicles, while they correspond to the norms in new generation buses. A significant MAC excess of dust and harmful gases in the buses and trolleybuses cabs, especially during the hot season, is mainly due to the attitude of PTDs in Dushanbe, who fail to comply with the driver's cabin sealing recommendations. Keywords: Passenger vehicles, noise, vibration, gas contamination and dustiness of the air.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-324-330
N. Mukhsinzoda, S. Umarova
Objective: To assess the clinical results of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) treatment following the outcomes of the first pilot implementation of visual screening in the Republic of Tajikistan. Methods: The study was conducted from 2016 to 2020. The piloting included the population of two large districts of Kushoniyon and B. Gafurov, with a total number of 608,700 people, which is 6.74% of the country's total population. The target group of this screening included healthy women aged 30-49 years, numbering 72574 people. As a result of communication campaigns with the target group of both districts, 69391 women participated in visual screening; the overall screening coverage was 94.2%. Of the 2958 women referred for diagnosis, in 164 cases (0.24%) CIN was identified and morphologically confirmed. Results: Tajikistan, along with piloting imaging screening, has adopted a "detection-diagnosis-treatment" strategy, which involves treatment after histological confirmation of CIN. Additionally, electrosurgical loop excision/conization was adopted as the primary method, regardless of the degree of CIN involvement. Patients with CIN in 136 (82.9%) cases underwent electrosurgical loop excision, in 21 cases – conization (12.8%), and in 7 (4.3%) cases, at the insistence of the women themselves – hysterectomy. In the long-term follow-up period from 6 months to 2 years, in 159 (96.9%) cases, a favorable course of CIN was noted after the above procedures, and in 5 (3.1%) cases, relapse occurred. Patients with relapses received re-surgical treatment using electrosurgical excision/conization with a satisfactory outcome. Conclusion: The "detection-diagnosis-treatment" strategy adopted by Tajikistan has shown its high efficiency in detecting precancerous pathology and the success of CIN treatment by electrosurgical excision/conization, which contributes to the healing of the population from precancerous pathology. Keywords: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, visual screening, VIA/VILI visual method, colposcopic examination, electrosurgical loop excision/conizatio.
{"title":"FIRST RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN","authors":"N. Mukhsinzoda, S. Umarova","doi":"10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-324-330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-324-330","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the clinical results of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) treatment following the outcomes of the first pilot implementation of visual screening in the Republic of Tajikistan. Methods: The study was conducted from 2016 to 2020. The piloting included the population of two large districts of Kushoniyon and B. Gafurov, with a total number of 608,700 people, which is 6.74% of the country's total population. The target group of this screening included healthy women aged 30-49 years, numbering 72574 people. As a result of communication campaigns with the target group of both districts, 69391 women participated in visual screening; the overall screening coverage was 94.2%. Of the 2958 women referred for diagnosis, in 164 cases (0.24%) CIN was identified and morphologically confirmed. Results: Tajikistan, along with piloting imaging screening, has adopted a \"detection-diagnosis-treatment\" strategy, which involves treatment after histological confirmation of CIN. Additionally, electrosurgical loop excision/conization was adopted as the primary method, regardless of the degree of CIN involvement. Patients with CIN in 136 (82.9%) cases underwent electrosurgical loop excision, in 21 cases – conization (12.8%), and in 7 (4.3%) cases, at the insistence of the women themselves – hysterectomy. In the long-term follow-up period from 6 months to 2 years, in 159 (96.9%) cases, a favorable course of CIN was noted after the above procedures, and in 5 (3.1%) cases, relapse occurred. Patients with relapses received re-surgical treatment using electrosurgical excision/conization with a satisfactory outcome. Conclusion: The \"detection-diagnosis-treatment\" strategy adopted by Tajikistan has shown its high efficiency in detecting precancerous pathology and the success of CIN treatment by electrosurgical excision/conization, which contributes to the healing of the population from precancerous pathology. Keywords: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, visual screening, VIA/VILI visual method, colposcopic examination, electrosurgical loop excision/conizatio.","PeriodicalId":91037,"journal":{"name":"Paemi Sino","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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