Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) adalah salah satu tanaman yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia dan memiliki nutrisi serta antioksidan yang tinggi. Pemanfaatan daun kelor sebagai suplemen kesehatan membutuhkan suatu inovasi bentuk sediaan agar praktis digunakan, salah satunya dengan membuatnya dalam bentuk tablet effervescent. Tujuan dari penenlitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formula yang optimal pada tablet effervescent ekstrak aqueous daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dengan membuat sediaan tablet effervescent ekstrak aqueous daun kelor menggunakan 3 formula yang berbeda dengan metode granulasi basah. Stabilitas fisik tablet effervescent yang diperoleh kemudian dievaluasi. Hasil evaluasi dianalisis untuk mendapatkan formula optimal dari ke-3 formula. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan F3 merupakan formula yang memiliki kestabilan fisik granul dan tablet yang baik. Granul dari F3 memiliki sudut diam 22,45°, persentase kompresibilitas 12,67 %. Tablet effervescent F3 memiliki keseragaman bobot yang tidak melebihi 5% maupun 10%, keseragaman ukuran yang tidak lebih dari 3 kali tebal tablet dan memiliki waktu larut lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan formula lain yaitu 1 menit 22 detik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa formula optimal dari ke-3 formula adalah F3 dengan konsentrasi asam dan basa masing-masing sebesar 20%.
{"title":"Optimasi formula dan evaluasi stabilitas fisik sediaan tablet effervescent ekstrak aqueous daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.)","authors":"Benazir Evita Rukaya, Syuhada Syuhada, Devy Yulia Veronika","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i3.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i3.62","url":null,"abstract":"Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) adalah salah satu tanaman yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia dan memiliki nutrisi serta antioksidan yang tinggi. Pemanfaatan daun kelor sebagai suplemen kesehatan membutuhkan suatu inovasi bentuk sediaan agar praktis digunakan, salah satunya dengan membuatnya dalam bentuk tablet effervescent. Tujuan dari penenlitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formula yang optimal pada tablet effervescent ekstrak aqueous daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dengan membuat sediaan tablet effervescent ekstrak aqueous daun kelor menggunakan 3 formula yang berbeda dengan metode granulasi basah. Stabilitas fisik tablet effervescent yang diperoleh kemudian dievaluasi. Hasil evaluasi dianalisis untuk mendapatkan formula optimal dari ke-3 formula. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan F3 merupakan formula yang memiliki kestabilan fisik granul dan tablet yang baik. Granul dari F3 memiliki sudut diam 22,45°, persentase kompresibilitas 12,67 %. Tablet effervescent F3 memiliki keseragaman bobot yang tidak melebihi 5% maupun 10%, keseragaman ukuran yang tidak lebih dari 3 kali tebal tablet dan memiliki waktu larut lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan formula lain yaitu 1 menit 22 detik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa formula optimal dari ke-3 formula adalah F3 dengan konsentrasi asam dan basa masing-masing sebesar 20%.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79441483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riskianto Riskianto, M. Windi, Karnelasatri Karnelasatri, Maroloan Aruan
Free radicals in the human body can be helped neutralized by natural antioxidants derived from plants. Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst) contains antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. This study examined the antioxidant activity of 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius leaves. Maceration of C. aconitifolius leaves using 96% ethanol solvent, phytochemical screening, and antioxidant activity assay was carried out with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazil (DPPH) on 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius. Extraction obtained a yield of 16.1834%, and phytochemical screening on the 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, alkaloids, and steroids. The antioxidant activity assay on 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius had an IC50 value of 145.3855 ppm and an IC50 value of vitamin C of 7.0806 ppm. The Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) of 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius was 0.4127, and the AAI of vitamin C was 8.4739. Based on the results obtained, although in a weak classification, a 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius leaves has antioxidant activity.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity of 96% Ethanol Extract of Pepaya Jepang Leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I. M. Johnst) Using DPPH Method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)","authors":"Riskianto Riskianto, M. Windi, Karnelasatri Karnelasatri, Maroloan Aruan","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3511","url":null,"abstract":"Free radicals in the human body can be helped neutralized by natural antioxidants derived from plants. Pepaya Jepang (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M.Johnst) contains antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. This study examined the antioxidant activity of 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius leaves. Maceration of C. aconitifolius leaves using 96% ethanol solvent, phytochemical screening, and antioxidant activity assay was carried out with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazil (DPPH) on 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius. Extraction obtained a yield of 16.1834%, and phytochemical screening on the 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, alkaloids, and steroids. The antioxidant activity assay on 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius had an IC50 value of 145.3855 ppm and an IC50 value of vitamin C of 7.0806 ppm. The Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) of 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius was 0.4127, and the AAI of vitamin C was 8.4739. Based on the results obtained, although in a weak classification, a 96% ethanol extract of C. aconitifolius leaves has antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76732795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Mayasari, Y. B. Murti, S. U. Pratiwi, S. Sudarsono
Indonesia is rich in the biodiversity of medicinal plants used traditionally for healing several ailments. Melastoma malabathricum L. is one of the traditional herbs used to treat many diseases. A TLC-densitometric method was developed for determining secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds and their related compounds, M. malabathricum leaves from Riau, Indonesia. This study investigated the secondary metabolites of M. malabathricum extract by spraying reagent: FeCl3, p-anisaldehyde, and cerium (IV) sulfate and followed by antibacterial assay through broth macro dilution method. Densitometric qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds and their related compounds was employed to examine peaks of the M. malabathricum extract through winCATS software. After spraying with particular reagents, the three extracts showed various spots/bands with several colors and exhibited peaks in TLC densitogram profiles. Three extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract revealed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with MIC values of 3.125±0.6 mg/mL and 6.25±0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Owing to the presence of a wide variety of secondary metabolites, the leaf extract of M. malabathricum is expected to exhibit and help develop as a therapeutic agent.
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity and TLC-Densitometric Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in the Leaves of the Traditional Herb, Melastoma malabathricum L.","authors":"D. Mayasari, Y. B. Murti, S. U. Pratiwi, S. Sudarsono","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3818","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is rich in the biodiversity of medicinal plants used traditionally for healing several ailments. Melastoma malabathricum L. is one of the traditional herbs used to treat many diseases. A TLC-densitometric method was developed for determining secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds and their related compounds, M. malabathricum leaves from Riau, Indonesia. This study investigated the secondary metabolites of M. malabathricum extract by spraying reagent: FeCl3, p-anisaldehyde, and cerium (IV) sulfate and followed by antibacterial assay through broth macro dilution method. Densitometric qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds and their related compounds was employed to examine peaks of the M. malabathricum extract through winCATS software. After spraying with particular reagents, the three extracts showed various spots/bands with several colors and exhibited peaks in TLC densitogram profiles. Three extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract revealed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with MIC values of 3.125±0.6 mg/mL and 6.25±0.5 mg/mL, respectively. Owing to the presence of a wide variety of secondary metabolites, the leaf extract of M. malabathricum is expected to exhibit and help develop as a therapeutic agent.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76774762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. A. Muslikh, Reyhan Rahma Samudra, Burhan Ma’arif, Z. S. Ulhaq, Suko Hardjono, M. Agil
Neurodegenerative disease is one of the problems faced by postmenopausal women due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogen compounds can be used as an alternative treatment for diseases caused by estrogen deficiency by binding to their receptors through the estrogen receptor (ER) dependent pathway. With in silico studies, this study aims to predict how phytoestrogen compounds will stop neurons from dying by using the dependent ER pathway. Genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A, equol, pinoresinol, 4-methoxypinoresinol, eudesmin, α-amyrin, and β-amyrin compounds were prepared with ChemDraw Ultra 12.0. Then their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties were examined using SwissADME. Geometry optimization of the compound was performed using Avogadro 1.0.1, and molecular docking of the compound to the ERα (1A52) and ERβ (5TOA) receptors was performed using AutoDock vina (PyRx 0.8). The interaction visualization stage was carried out with Biovia Discover Studio 2021, while the toxicity values of the compounds were analyzed using pkCSM and ProTox II. The results showed that the equol compound met the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, toxicity criteria, and had similarities with the native ligand 17β-estradiol. Equol compound inhibits neurodegeneration via an ER-dependent pathway by binding to ERα (1A52) and ERβ (5TOA) receptors.
{"title":"In Silico Molecular Docking and ADMET Analysis for Drug Development of Phytoestrogens Compound with Its Evaluation of Neurodegenerative Diseases","authors":"F. A. Muslikh, Reyhan Rahma Samudra, Burhan Ma’arif, Z. S. Ulhaq, Suko Hardjono, M. Agil","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3801","url":null,"abstract":"Neurodegenerative disease is one of the problems faced by postmenopausal women due to estrogen deficiency. Phytoestrogen compounds can be used as an alternative treatment for diseases caused by estrogen deficiency by binding to their receptors through the estrogen receptor (ER) dependent pathway. With in silico studies, this study aims to predict how phytoestrogen compounds will stop neurons from dying by using the dependent ER pathway. Genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A, equol, pinoresinol, 4-methoxypinoresinol, eudesmin, α-amyrin, and β-amyrin compounds were prepared with ChemDraw Ultra 12.0. Then their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties were examined using SwissADME. Geometry optimization of the compound was performed using Avogadro 1.0.1, and molecular docking of the compound to the ERα (1A52) and ERβ (5TOA) receptors was performed using AutoDock vina (PyRx 0.8). The interaction visualization stage was carried out with Biovia Discover Studio 2021, while the toxicity values of the compounds were analyzed using pkCSM and ProTox II. The results showed that the equol compound met the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, toxicity criteria, and had similarities with the native ligand 17β-estradiol. Equol compound inhibits neurodegeneration via an ER-dependent pathway by binding to ERα (1A52) and ERβ (5TOA) receptors.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75385366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Hasim, Yonathan Arderian Mantik, Husnawati Husnawati, B. Priosoeryanto, R. Puspita
Breast cancer is a sickness caused by abnormal cell growth in the breast. Mahkota Dewa fruit or god’s crown fruit products (Phaleria macrocarpa) contain flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and tannins associated with active compounds. This work directs to influence the potency of P. macrocarpa fruit as an antiproliferative agent against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells). The antiproliferative potency of P. macrocarpa fruit was proved by extracting and fractionating P. macrocarpa fruit using maceration. The cytotoxicity of extracts and fractions was determined using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The antiproliferative potency against MCF-7 cells was tested using the hemacytometer approach. This work demonstrates the crude ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction. The LC50 values in crude ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction were 13.72 ppm, 147.55 ppm, 405.81 ppm, and 149. 07 ppm severally. Phaleria macrocarpa fruit has shown antiproliferation potency against MCF-7 cells. The maximum part of crude ethanol extract antiproliferative potency (56 ppm) effectively suppressed MCF-7 cell growth by 70. 9% while doxorubicin (100 ppm) by 46. 92%. This work confirms that crude ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa fruit interacts synergistically as an antiproliferative compound against MCF-7 cells.
{"title":"Antiproliferative Potency of God’s Crown Fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) Extract Against Breast Cancer Cell","authors":"H. Hasim, Yonathan Arderian Mantik, Husnawati Husnawati, B. Priosoeryanto, R. Puspita","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.2822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.2822","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is a sickness caused by abnormal cell growth in the breast. Mahkota Dewa fruit or god’s crown fruit products (Phaleria macrocarpa) contain flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and tannins associated with active compounds. This work directs to influence the potency of P. macrocarpa fruit as an antiproliferative agent against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells). The antiproliferative potency of P. macrocarpa fruit was proved by extracting and fractionating P. macrocarpa fruit using maceration. The cytotoxicity of extracts and fractions was determined using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The antiproliferative potency against MCF-7 cells was tested using the hemacytometer approach. This work demonstrates the crude ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction. The LC50 values in crude ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction were 13.72 ppm, 147.55 ppm, 405.81 ppm, and 149. 07 ppm severally. Phaleria macrocarpa fruit has shown antiproliferation potency against MCF-7 cells. The maximum part of crude ethanol extract antiproliferative potency (56 ppm) effectively suppressed MCF-7 cell growth by 70. 9% while doxorubicin (100 ppm) by 46. 92%. This work confirms that crude ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa fruit interacts synergistically as an antiproliferative compound against MCF-7 cells.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74583929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm) has been published in November 2022. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, and Clinical-Community Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from three countries: China, Indonesia, and Nigeria. The authors come from several institutions, including IPB University, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Universitas Abdurrab, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Borneo Lestari, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Editorial boards are fully aware that there is still room for improvement in this edition; hence with all humility, willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, can re-participate for publication in the next edition on February 2023. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
{"title":"Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 5 No. 4 November 2022","authors":"C. E. O. Borneo J Pharm","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.4444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.4444","url":null,"abstract":"Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. \u0000Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm) has been published in November 2022. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, and Clinical-Community Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from three countries: China, Indonesia, and Nigeria. The authors come from several institutions, including IPB University, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Universitas Abdurrab, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Borneo Lestari, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. \u0000Editorial boards are fully aware that there is still room for improvement in this edition; hence with all humility, willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, can re-participate for publication in the next edition on February 2023. \u0000Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79190892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Anita, Asishe Asishe, Vilya Syafriana, Amelia Febriani, D. Zulfiana, M. Oktaviani, O. D. Nurhayat, D. Yanto
Laccase enzymes have been used widely in industrial fields such as textile, pulp, paper, food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Laccase is used in toothpaste, mouthwash, deodorants, and soaps in personal care products. Previously, laccase enzymes had never been used for formulating hand sanitizer gel. This study aimed to determine the effect of the laccase enzyme on the physicochemical properties and the antibacterial potential of the hand sanitizer gel against pathogenic bacteria. Laccase enzyme was produced through fermentation using the fungus Trametes hirsuta EDN 082 with an activity of 0.032 U/mL. Hand sanitizer gel was made with the addition of laccase enzyme with varying concentrations of 4, 7, and 10% (v/v). The physicochemical test included organoleptic tests, pH evaluation, gel spreadability, and viscosity. The antibacterial was tested by the palm swab method. The gel physicochemical characteristics showed that the more laccase enzyme added, the more yellow the color produced, the less thick the shape, the wider the gel spreadability, and the lower the viscosity. The obtained pH ranged from 7.4 to 7.6. The best formulation of the hand sanitizer gel was achieved with the addition of a 7% (v/v) laccase enzyme. This formulation can reduce the number of bacteria colonies of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli on the palms with effectiveness above 95%. The laccase enzyme can be used as an active ingredient and antibacterial agent in the formulation of hand sanitizers.
{"title":"Hand Sanitizer Gel Formulation with Laccase Enzyme as an Antibacterial Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli","authors":"S. Anita, Asishe Asishe, Vilya Syafriana, Amelia Febriani, D. Zulfiana, M. Oktaviani, O. D. Nurhayat, D. Yanto","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3683","url":null,"abstract":"Laccase enzymes have been used widely in industrial fields such as textile, pulp, paper, food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Laccase is used in toothpaste, mouthwash, deodorants, and soaps in personal care products. Previously, laccase enzymes had never been used for formulating hand sanitizer gel. This study aimed to determine the effect of the laccase enzyme on the physicochemical properties and the antibacterial potential of the hand sanitizer gel against pathogenic bacteria. Laccase enzyme was produced through fermentation using the fungus Trametes hirsuta EDN 082 with an activity of 0.032 U/mL. Hand sanitizer gel was made with the addition of laccase enzyme with varying concentrations of 4, 7, and 10% (v/v). The physicochemical test included organoleptic tests, pH evaluation, gel spreadability, and viscosity. The antibacterial was tested by the palm swab method. The gel physicochemical characteristics showed that the more laccase enzyme added, the more yellow the color produced, the less thick the shape, the wider the gel spreadability, and the lower the viscosity. The obtained pH ranged from 7.4 to 7.6. The best formulation of the hand sanitizer gel was achieved with the addition of a 7% (v/v) laccase enzyme. This formulation can reduce the number of bacteria colonies of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli on the palms with effectiveness above 95%. The laccase enzyme can be used as an active ingredient and antibacterial agent in the formulation of hand sanitizers.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87369783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sriargianti amir Argi, Asmira Asmira, M. Aris, Isnina Isnina
Produksi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dapat terganggu akibat kurang optimalnya pembentukan hormon oksitosin. Pijat oksitosin merupakan suatu tindakan pemijatan dalam mengatasi masalah produksi ASI yang kurang lancar. Pijat oksitosin dapat dilakukan pada tulang belakang sampai tulang vertebra kelima-keenam dan merupakan suatu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi hormon prolaktin dan oksitosin setelah melahirkan yang bertujuan meningkatkan kerja saraf parasimpatis dalam merangsang hipofise posterior. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan ibu menyusui tentang pijat oksitosin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, pengambilan sampel secara non probability sampling menggunakan teknik accindental sampling dengan jumlah 40 sampel sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan tentang pijat oksitosin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan data berupa tingkat pengetahuan baik (65,0%), cukup (15,0%), kurang (20,0%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan sebagian besar ibu menyusui di puskesmas Karang Rejo kota Tarakan memiliki pengetahuan yang baik terkait pijat oksitosin.
{"title":"Gambaran pengetahuan ıbu menyusuı terhadap pıjat oksıtosın dı puskesmas Karang Rejo kota Tarakan","authors":"Sriargianti amir Argi, Asmira Asmira, M. Aris, Isnina Isnina","doi":"10.57174/jborn.v2i3.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57174/jborn.v2i3.58","url":null,"abstract":"Produksi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dapat terganggu akibat kurang optimalnya pembentukan hormon oksitosin. Pijat oksitosin merupakan suatu tindakan pemijatan dalam mengatasi masalah produksi ASI yang kurang lancar. Pijat oksitosin dapat dilakukan pada tulang belakang sampai tulang vertebra kelima-keenam dan merupakan suatu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi hormon prolaktin dan oksitosin setelah melahirkan yang bertujuan meningkatkan kerja saraf parasimpatis dalam merangsang hipofise posterior. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan ibu menyusui tentang pijat oksitosin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, pengambilan sampel secara non probability sampling menggunakan teknik accindental sampling dengan jumlah 40 sampel sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan tentang pijat oksitosin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan data berupa tingkat pengetahuan baik (65,0%), cukup (15,0%), kurang (20,0%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan sebagian besar ibu menyusui di puskesmas Karang Rejo kota Tarakan memiliki pengetahuan yang baik terkait pijat oksitosin.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73898476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nature and application of medicinal plants in managing complications of various ailments are attributed partly to the presence of different phytochemicals. Oxidative stress due to increased levels of reactive oxygen species is a challenge in the management of such ailments, which might lead to death. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Hyphaene thebaica fruit. The phytochemicals in methanol, aqueous, and ethyl acetate extract were qualitatively determined, followed by quantitation of the ethyl acetate extract as it contains phytochemicals absent in the other extracts. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate extract of H. thebaica fruit was also determined. The result revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and flavonoids in all the extracts. However, steroids were not detected in the aqueous extract, and glycoside was detected only in the ethyl acetate extract. Flavonoids (5.80±0.20%) were higher than all the other phytochemicals in the ethyl acetate extract, followed by saponins which were present up to 2.50±0.11%, then terpenoids. Glycosides were present in higher amounts compared to steroids. However, alkaloids (0.08±0.05%) were in smaller amounts compared to the other phytochemicals quantified. The antioxidant activity showed a concentration-dependent increase in absorbance of the extract as displayed by the standard (ascorbic acid). The extract had an IC50 of 52.21 µg/mL, significantly (p <0.05) higher than that of the standard (14.10 µg/mL). Due to its phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity, H. thebaica can be used as a medicinal plant.
{"title":"Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Hyphaene thebaica Fruit","authors":"M. Dahiru, M. S. Nadro","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3632","url":null,"abstract":"The nature and application of medicinal plants in managing complications of various ailments are attributed partly to the presence of different phytochemicals. Oxidative stress due to increased levels of reactive oxygen species is a challenge in the management of such ailments, which might lead to death. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Hyphaene thebaica fruit. The phytochemicals in methanol, aqueous, and ethyl acetate extract were qualitatively determined, followed by quantitation of the ethyl acetate extract as it contains phytochemicals absent in the other extracts. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate extract of H. thebaica fruit was also determined. The result revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, and flavonoids in all the extracts. However, steroids were not detected in the aqueous extract, and glycoside was detected only in the ethyl acetate extract. Flavonoids (5.80±0.20%) were higher than all the other phytochemicals in the ethyl acetate extract, followed by saponins which were present up to 2.50±0.11%, then terpenoids. Glycosides were present in higher amounts compared to steroids. However, alkaloids (0.08±0.05%) were in smaller amounts compared to the other phytochemicals quantified. The antioxidant activity showed a concentration-dependent increase in absorbance of the extract as displayed by the standard (ascorbic acid). The extract had an IC50 of 52.21 µg/mL, significantly (p <0.05) higher than that of the standard (14.10 µg/mL). Due to its phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity, H. thebaica can be used as a medicinal plant.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88608976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID-19, a worldwide pandemic, has posed a significant challenge to public health systems worldwide. Health risk perception and efficacy belief are primary constructs influencing individuals' protective behavior due to the outbreak. Our study investigated each item of illness risk perception, efficacy belief, and its related factors concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 227 respondents aged 17 to 70. Data collection was conducted using convenience sampling by distributing the web questionnaire between April and July 2020. Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis bivariate analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0 to assess the relationship between individual characteristic factors, illness risk perception, and efficacy belief. The study established that respondents had a medium to a high level of illness risk perception and a reasonable efficacy belief in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Region (p=0.027) and occupation (p=0.036) differences were significantly associated with the threat and severity perception, respectively. Smoking history (p=0.037), supplement use (p=0.029), and occupation (p=0.018) differences were significantly associated with self-efficacy. Meanwhile, gender (p=0.045) differences were significantly associated with response efficacy. Therefore, the public's illness risk perception and efficacy belief could be substantial in planning, modifying, and implementing a coordinated response for risk communication in current and future epidemics.
{"title":"Illness Risk Perceptions and Efficacy Beliefs Among Indonesian in the Course of COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"L. Lolita, A. Ikhsanudin","doi":"10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.3287","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19, a worldwide pandemic, has posed a significant challenge to public health systems worldwide. Health risk perception and efficacy belief are primary constructs influencing individuals' protective behavior due to the outbreak. Our study investigated each item of illness risk perception, efficacy belief, and its related factors concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 227 respondents aged 17 to 70. Data collection was conducted using convenience sampling by distributing the web questionnaire between April and July 2020. Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis bivariate analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0 to assess the relationship between individual characteristic factors, illness risk perception, and efficacy belief. The study established that respondents had a medium to a high level of illness risk perception and a reasonable efficacy belief in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Region (p=0.027) and occupation (p=0.036) differences were significantly associated with the threat and severity perception, respectively. Smoking history (p=0.037), supplement use (p=0.029), and occupation (p=0.018) differences were significantly associated with self-efficacy. Meanwhile, gender (p=0.045) differences were significantly associated with response efficacy. Therefore, the public's illness risk perception and efficacy belief could be substantial in planning, modifying, and implementing a coordinated response for risk communication in current and future epidemics.","PeriodicalId":9118,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81430862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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