AIM: To evaluate the astigmatic changes before and after pterygium surgery and to study the effect of autologous fibrin glue over sutures in terms of efficacy in reducing corneal astigmatism. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients with primary pterygia were taken up and divided as follows: Conjunctival autograft with autologous fibrin glue as Group 1 (n = 22) and autograft with 8-0 vicryl sutures as Group 2 (n = 22). All patients were preoperatively assessed for visual acuity, anterior, posterior segments, and Keratometric values using Bausch-Lomb keratometer on postoperative day 1, 7, 1 month, and 3 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mann–Whitney test was performed to compare the median keratometric astigmatic changes preoperatively and postoperatively between the groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: 50.5 was the mean age and 14.81 standard deviation (SD) in Group 1 and 48.86 was the mean and 13.23 SD in Group 2. Group 1 had 40.9% males and 59.1% females, Group 2 had 54.5% males and 45.5% females. The preoperative keratometric values significantly decreased postoperatively in both groups and the median postoperative keratometric value was significantly reduced in Group 1 (0.5) as compared to Group 2 (1.25). Pterygium excision using autologous blood was more effective in reducing corneal astigmatism. CONCLUSION: Pterygium excision surgery reduces corneal astigmatism and thus improves visual acuity. Autologous blood is better option to attach the conjunctival autograft than sutures in reducing astigmatism.
{"title":"Efficacy of autologous fibrin glue versus sutures in reducing astigmatism following pterygium surgery: A 1-year randomized controlled study","authors":"Sheetal V Girimallanavar, R. Mudhol, V. Kori","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_60_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_60_21","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: To evaluate the astigmatic changes before and after pterygium surgery and to study the effect of autologous fibrin glue over sutures in terms of efficacy in reducing corneal astigmatism. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients with primary pterygia were taken up and divided as follows: Conjunctival autograft with autologous fibrin glue as Group 1 (n = 22) and autograft with 8-0 vicryl sutures as Group 2 (n = 22). All patients were preoperatively assessed for visual acuity, anterior, posterior segments, and Keratometric values using Bausch-Lomb keratometer on postoperative day 1, 7, 1 month, and 3 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mann–Whitney test was performed to compare the median keratometric astigmatic changes preoperatively and postoperatively between the groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: 50.5 was the mean age and 14.81 standard deviation (SD) in Group 1 and 48.86 was the mean and 13.23 SD in Group 2. Group 1 had 40.9% males and 59.1% females, Group 2 had 54.5% males and 45.5% females. The preoperative keratometric values significantly decreased postoperatively in both groups and the median postoperative keratometric value was significantly reduced in Group 1 (0.5) as compared to Group 2 (1.25). Pterygium excision using autologous blood was more effective in reducing corneal astigmatism. CONCLUSION: Pterygium excision surgery reduces corneal astigmatism and thus improves visual acuity. Autologous blood is better option to attach the conjunctival autograft than sutures in reducing astigmatism.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"62 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87305410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_122_21
S. Ashwinirani, G. Suragimath
BACKGROUND: The cleft lip (CL) and palate are common orofacial congenital abnormalities observed in Indian population. Various predisposing factors contribute to this condition. PURPOSE: The purpose is to assess the most common type of CL and palate and to study predisposing factors associated with its development. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional prospective study was carried in 80 patients with CL and palate. A detailed history was recorded in predesigned pro forma. The occurrence of different types of CL and palate with predisposing factors were assessed. RESULTS: Out of 80 patients, 18.8% of patients had only CL, 46.2% had unilateral CL with palate (UCLP), and 35% had a bilateral CL with palate (BCLP). CL and palate were observed more in males. The left side of the lip was more affected than the right side. Low socioeconomic status patients had more incidences. Advanced maternal age, more than 35 years, was the most common predisposing factor 62.5%. Consanguineous marriage of parents was the second-most predisposing factor observed in 40% of cases. Breastfeeding habit was observed in 73.3% of CL patients, 25% in UCLP patients, and 17.2% in BCLP patients. CONCLUSIONS: Males were more commonly affected by CL and palate with the left side predominance. Advanced maternal age above 35 years was the most predisposing factor followed by consanguineous marriage of the parents.
{"title":"Association of cleft lip and palate with predisposing factors","authors":"S. Ashwinirani, G. Suragimath","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_122_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_122_21","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The cleft lip (CL) and palate are common orofacial congenital abnormalities observed in Indian population. Various predisposing factors contribute to this condition. PURPOSE: The purpose is to assess the most common type of CL and palate and to study predisposing factors associated with its development. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional prospective study was carried in 80 patients with CL and palate. A detailed history was recorded in predesigned pro forma. The occurrence of different types of CL and palate with predisposing factors were assessed. RESULTS: Out of 80 patients, 18.8% of patients had only CL, 46.2% had unilateral CL with palate (UCLP), and 35% had a bilateral CL with palate (BCLP). CL and palate were observed more in males. The left side of the lip was more affected than the right side. Low socioeconomic status patients had more incidences. Advanced maternal age, more than 35 years, was the most common predisposing factor 62.5%. Consanguineous marriage of parents was the second-most predisposing factor observed in 40% of cases. Breastfeeding habit was observed in 73.3% of CL patients, 25% in UCLP patients, and 17.2% in BCLP patients. CONCLUSIONS: Males were more commonly affected by CL and palate with the left side predominance. Advanced maternal age above 35 years was the most predisposing factor followed by consanguineous marriage of the parents.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"110 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75252451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheetal Sharma, Shreshtha Kaushik, Pramod Yadav, G. Ruknuddin, Pradeep Prajapati
Respiratory ailments represent over 10% of all disability-adjusted life-years, a statistic that reflects the measure of active and productive life lost owing to a condition. A large number of Confections (Avaleha) have been recommended in various authoritative treatises by ancient seers for different respiratory disorders. Kushmanda Avaleha is one such multi-ingredient Ayurvedic formulation, which is advocated for the first time in Ashtanga Sangraha for Cough, Hiccups, Fever, Dyspnea, etc. Its chief constituent is Benincasa hispida Thumb. It has also been included in the Essential drug list published by the Ministry of AYUSH. Thus, this article is emphasized on compiling and exploring various classical references as well as reported current literature in various scientific journals and online databases about the therapeutic potential of Kushmanda Avaleha as well as its ingredients with special reference to respiratory illness. All the information has been placed here in comprehensive manner. Moreover, a number of studies have also been conducted and published which established the efficacy of its all ingredients in diverse respiratory pathologies through manifold mechanisms such as Bronchodilator, Anti-tussive, Mucolytic, etc. Therefore, on meticulous appraisal, it can be inferred that Kushmanda Avaleha is a complete care and an effective medication for various respiratory disorders.
{"title":"Exploring potential of Kushmanda Avaleha in respiratory illness – A comprehensive review","authors":"Sheetal Sharma, Shreshtha Kaushik, Pramod Yadav, G. Ruknuddin, Pradeep Prajapati","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_84_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_84_21","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory ailments represent over 10% of all disability-adjusted life-years, a statistic that reflects the measure of active and productive life lost owing to a condition. A large number of Confections (Avaleha) have been recommended in various authoritative treatises by ancient seers for different respiratory disorders. Kushmanda Avaleha is one such multi-ingredient Ayurvedic formulation, which is advocated for the first time in Ashtanga Sangraha for Cough, Hiccups, Fever, Dyspnea, etc. Its chief constituent is Benincasa hispida Thumb. It has also been included in the Essential drug list published by the Ministry of AYUSH. Thus, this article is emphasized on compiling and exploring various classical references as well as reported current literature in various scientific journals and online databases about the therapeutic potential of Kushmanda Avaleha as well as its ingredients with special reference to respiratory illness. All the information has been placed here in comprehensive manner. Moreover, a number of studies have also been conducted and published which established the efficacy of its all ingredients in diverse respiratory pathologies through manifold mechanisms such as Bronchodilator, Anti-tussive, Mucolytic, etc. Therefore, on meticulous appraisal, it can be inferred that Kushmanda Avaleha is a complete care and an effective medication for various respiratory disorders.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"27 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86023530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which result in plethora of health implications. The COVID-19 epidemic has impacted the lives of millions of people worldwide, wreaking havoc on health-care delivery, economic activity, and social connection. Although the majority of COVID-19 patients have respiratory symptoms, some experience neurological manifestations. The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cochlea is a novel presentation which is not explored to date. Because of the risk of COVID-19 infection spreading from person to person, the majority of countries implemented social distancing and suggested people for home isolation. Social distancing and stay home protocol inducing stress and depression because of social isolation. Tinnitus has been documented in COVID-19 infection. However, tinnitus is not properly investigated in COVID-19 patients. Viral infections usually cause intracochlear damage and result in auditory dysfunction. Presently, there is little evidence for the direct relation of novel coronavirus and tinnitus. Tinnitus and hearing loss are important inner ear manifestations are reported in different literature which is considered morbid clinical entity in the present COVID-19 pandemic. This review article discusses details of this epidemiology, etiopathology, assessment, and management of tinnitus among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
{"title":"Tinnitus: A morbid clinical entity in COVID-19 patient","authors":"S. Swain","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_87_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_87_21","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which result in plethora of health implications. The COVID-19 epidemic has impacted the lives of millions of people worldwide, wreaking havoc on health-care delivery, economic activity, and social connection. Although the majority of COVID-19 patients have respiratory symptoms, some experience neurological manifestations. The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cochlea is a novel presentation which is not explored to date. Because of the risk of COVID-19 infection spreading from person to person, the majority of countries implemented social distancing and suggested people for home isolation. Social distancing and stay home protocol inducing stress and depression because of social isolation. Tinnitus has been documented in COVID-19 infection. However, tinnitus is not properly investigated in COVID-19 patients. Viral infections usually cause intracochlear damage and result in auditory dysfunction. Presently, there is little evidence for the direct relation of novel coronavirus and tinnitus. Tinnitus and hearing loss are important inner ear manifestations are reported in different literature which is considered morbid clinical entity in the present COVID-19 pandemic. This review article discusses details of this epidemiology, etiopathology, assessment, and management of tinnitus among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"14 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75484694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_120_20
A. Joshi, K. Wingkar, A. Joshi, S. Kakade
BACKGROUND: Extensive us of mobile phones (MP) has led to exposure to a dangerous level of electromagnetic fields (EMF). Adolescents are at an age where good quality sleep, mental and physical wellbeing is of utmost importance. Recent studies have shown that the EMF radiation from MP and similar devices can cause symptoms such as fatigue, trouble sleeping, depression, moodiness , anxiety etc. However there is no conclusive data available so far on this issue. So present research work was conducted to assess quality of sleep, stress score and depression score in female medical students those they were using mobile phones for longer durations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For present study 240 female medical students (age group 18 to 23 years) were studied. Depending upon mobile use students were divided into following groups. Group A) 1 to 50000 minutes. Group B) 50001 to 100000 minutes. Group C) 100001 to 150000 minutes. Group D) 150001 and Above. Minutes. Following tests were studied in all the students. 1) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality test score 2)Three Minute Depression Test score 3) Stress score . Values of various scores were compared within the groups. RESULTS: For depression score Significant difference (P value<.05 ) was observed between group A (4.029 ± 2.91) and Group C (6.65 ±4.64). No significant differences were observed for stress and sleep scores. CONCLUSION: Long term MP use is associated with mild type of depression. However further research on large sample size, exact measure of EMF exposure and more duration of EMF exposure is required to reach to conclusion.
{"title":"Long term effects of mobile phone use on sleep quality, stress score and depression score in female medical students","authors":"A. Joshi, K. Wingkar, A. Joshi, S. Kakade","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_120_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_120_20","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Extensive us of mobile phones (MP) has led to exposure to a dangerous level of electromagnetic fields (EMF). Adolescents are at an age where good quality sleep, mental and physical wellbeing is of utmost importance. Recent studies have shown that the EMF radiation from MP and similar devices can cause symptoms such as fatigue, trouble sleeping, depression, moodiness , anxiety etc. However there is no conclusive data available so far on this issue. So present research work was conducted to assess quality of sleep, stress score and depression score in female medical students those they were using mobile phones for longer durations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For present study 240 female medical students (age group 18 to 23 years) were studied. Depending upon mobile use students were divided into following groups. Group A) 1 to 50000 minutes. Group B) 50001 to 100000 minutes. Group C) 100001 to 150000 minutes. Group D) 150001 and Above. Minutes. Following tests were studied in all the students. 1) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality test score 2)Three Minute Depression Test score 3) Stress score . Values of various scores were compared within the groups. RESULTS: For depression score Significant difference (P value<.05 ) was observed between group A (4.029 ± 2.91) and Group C (6.65 ±4.64). No significant differences were observed for stress and sleep scores. CONCLUSION: Long term MP use is associated with mild type of depression. However further research on large sample size, exact measure of EMF exposure and more duration of EMF exposure is required to reach to conclusion.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"121 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76158006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nisha Muruganidhi, Mariappan Rajagopal, Santhanakrishnan Kaliavaradan, P. Bhat
Benign tumors of major salivary glands commonly affect the parotid gland and it is rare when the tumor exclusively involves the deep lobe of the gland. The mainstay of treatment is surgical excision. Parotid surgeries carry a formidable risk of injury to the facial nerve. Hence, identification of extracranial part of facial nerve using many of its anatomical landmarks helps in preventing this daunting complication. There are instances where the facial nerve's morphometry is altered due to the location and extent of the tumor. A better knowledge of the anatomy and anticipation for these variations can result in a better outcome limiting the complications of the surgery.
{"title":"A deep lobe parotid tumor tending the facial nerve and its branches","authors":"Nisha Muruganidhi, Mariappan Rajagopal, Santhanakrishnan Kaliavaradan, P. Bhat","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_20_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_20_21","url":null,"abstract":"Benign tumors of major salivary glands commonly affect the parotid gland and it is rare when the tumor exclusively involves the deep lobe of the gland. The mainstay of treatment is surgical excision. Parotid surgeries carry a formidable risk of injury to the facial nerve. Hence, identification of extracranial part of facial nerve using many of its anatomical landmarks helps in preventing this daunting complication. There are instances where the facial nerve's morphometry is altered due to the location and extent of the tumor. A better knowledge of the anatomy and anticipation for these variations can result in a better outcome limiting the complications of the surgery.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"156 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79116295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_128_21
Shreyasi Roy
Periods are part of normal sexual health for women during their reproductive years. In addition to various social and religious stigmas during those “bad stains” days, period cramps (also called dysmenorrhea) accompany us to make the situation worse. Studies have showered numerous data regarding various pharmacological interventions (PIs) and non-pharmacological interventions (non-PIs). Non-PIs have been preferred mostly in cases where PIs are contraindicated. Fish oil supplements or omega-3 supplements are one of the safest non-PIs. The present study attempted to conduct a review of the existing literature to illustrate the aptness and potentiality of fish oil in easing period cramps.
{"title":"A review on the efficacy of fish oil and its components in alleviating the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea","authors":"Shreyasi Roy","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_128_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_128_21","url":null,"abstract":"Periods are part of normal sexual health for women during their reproductive years. In addition to various social and religious stigmas during those “bad stains” days, period cramps (also called dysmenorrhea) accompany us to make the situation worse. Studies have showered numerous data regarding various pharmacological interventions (PIs) and non-pharmacological interventions (non-PIs). Non-PIs have been preferred mostly in cases where PIs are contraindicated. Fish oil supplements or omega-3 supplements are one of the safest non-PIs. The present study attempted to conduct a review of the existing literature to illustrate the aptness and potentiality of fish oil in easing period cramps.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":"19 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88396747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CONTEXT: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) or sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. There are reports that increase in oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of SCA. AIM: The present study aims to investigate enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status in SCA patients to understand the incidence of increased oxidative stress in the populace of tribal Palghar region of Western Maharashtra. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with SCA (n = 250) and age- and sex-matched healthy persons (n = 250) as controls from the primary health center of Palghar were included in this study. Informed written consent was obtained from all the participants. RESULTS: Activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-trasferase, catalase, and level of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, Vitamin E and C decreased significantly in SCA participants when compared to controls. The level of lipid peroxides and activity of superoxide dismutase increased significantly above normal in SCA participants. SCA is characterized by the increased generation of reactive-oxygen species resulting in oxidative damage of various cell types, including erythrocytes and this chronically elevated oxidative stress in SCD might play a significant role in the increased autoxidation of Sickle hemoglobin (HbS), increased intravascular hemolysis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic inflammatory complications. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that oxidative stress can be considered one of the prognostic markers to evaluate the clinical severity of the SCA participants.
{"title":"Oxidative stress in sickle cell anemia can be a prognostic marker for disease severity: A case − control study in the western region population of Maharashtra","authors":"Neha S. Satam, V. Patil, T. Marar, D. Garg","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_55_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_55_21","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) or sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. There are reports that increase in oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of SCA. AIM: The present study aims to investigate enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status in SCA patients to understand the incidence of increased oxidative stress in the populace of tribal Palghar region of Western Maharashtra. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with SCA (n = 250) and age- and sex-matched healthy persons (n = 250) as controls from the primary health center of Palghar were included in this study. Informed written consent was obtained from all the participants. RESULTS: Activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-trasferase, catalase, and level of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, Vitamin E and C decreased significantly in SCA participants when compared to controls. The level of lipid peroxides and activity of superoxide dismutase increased significantly above normal in SCA participants. SCA is characterized by the increased generation of reactive-oxygen species resulting in oxidative damage of various cell types, including erythrocytes and this chronically elevated oxidative stress in SCD might play a significant role in the increased autoxidation of Sickle hemoglobin (HbS), increased intravascular hemolysis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic inflammatory complications. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that oxidative stress can be considered one of the prognostic markers to evaluate the clinical severity of the SCA participants.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"99 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75905723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nandkishor D. Shinde, Kishore K. Mankar, M. Adarsh Gowda, Meirajuddin J. Tousif
BACKGROUND: Esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheesophageal fistula (TEF) is a common congenital anomaly requiring urgent surgical intervention after birth. Due to improvement in antenatal diagnosis and postnatal management in neonates with EA, there are better overall survival rates in the developed countries. However, the outcome is still poor in developing countries where multiple factors contribute to higher morbidity and mortality. AIM: To evaluate various factors affecting the perioperative management and their outcome in neonates with EA with or without TEF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive observational study was conducted for 4 years. Neonates who underwent surgery for EA with or without TEF at our institute were included. Age of the neonate at presentation, gender, birth weight, period of gestation, antenatal diagnosis records, clinical presentation, associated congenital anomalies, surgical interventions, gap between upper and lower esophageal ends, postoperative complications, and outcome was recorded. RESULTS: Total, 44 neonates underwent surgery for esophageal atresia with or without TEF in our institute. Male-to-female ratio was 2.4:1. The mean birth weight of neonates was 2500 ± 900 g. The mean gestation age was 35 ± 5 weeks. Sepsis was the leading cause of postoperative morbidity seen in 45.5%, followed by anastomotic leak in 22.7%. Postoperative mortality was 59% with the survival rate of 41%. CONCLUSION: Sepsis, hypothermia, delayed diagnosis, delayed referral, aspiration pneumonitis, anastomotic leaks were the preventable factors affecting the outcome.
{"title":"Factors affecting outcome in neonates with esophageal atresia with or without tracheesophageal fistula","authors":"Nandkishor D. Shinde, Kishore K. Mankar, M. Adarsh Gowda, Meirajuddin J. Tousif","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_68_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_68_21","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheesophageal fistula (TEF) is a common congenital anomaly requiring urgent surgical intervention after birth. Due to improvement in antenatal diagnosis and postnatal management in neonates with EA, there are better overall survival rates in the developed countries. However, the outcome is still poor in developing countries where multiple factors contribute to higher morbidity and mortality. AIM: To evaluate various factors affecting the perioperative management and their outcome in neonates with EA with or without TEF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive observational study was conducted for 4 years. Neonates who underwent surgery for EA with or without TEF at our institute were included. Age of the neonate at presentation, gender, birth weight, period of gestation, antenatal diagnosis records, clinical presentation, associated congenital anomalies, surgical interventions, gap between upper and lower esophageal ends, postoperative complications, and outcome was recorded. RESULTS: Total, 44 neonates underwent surgery for esophageal atresia with or without TEF in our institute. Male-to-female ratio was 2.4:1. The mean birth weight of neonates was 2500 ± 900 g. The mean gestation age was 35 ± 5 weeks. Sepsis was the leading cause of postoperative morbidity seen in 45.5%, followed by anastomotic leak in 22.7%. Postoperative mortality was 59% with the survival rate of 41%. CONCLUSION: Sepsis, hypothermia, delayed diagnosis, delayed referral, aspiration pneumonitis, anastomotic leaks were the preventable factors affecting the outcome.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"94 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74679779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Diabetes and prediabetes are always on the rise over the past decade, but little is known about the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus dysfunction in young adults. The study was conducted in prediabetic and diabetic patients in order to belong to an anti-inflammatory hormone adiponectin and pro-inflammatory marker uric acid (UA) in these patients and also to determine the role of these markers in future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case–control study was conducted at Rama Medical College and Hospital, Kanpur. Out of 400 participants recruited, 140 subjects were control, 140 were prediabetics, and the remaining 120 were controlled. The detailed history of the patients regarding age, gender, height, weight, and family history regarding obesity and other chronic illnesses was taken. Patients with medical complications or diseases and conditions that may affect levels of inflammatory markers were excluded from the study. The data analysis was done using SPSS 16 and the results were presented as mean ± standard deviation where P < 0.05 has been considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: The adiponectin level was found significantly decreased and C-reactive protein and UA levels were increased in both study groups (prediabetes and diabetes) while comparison was done with control group. Similarly, basic parameters including waist/hip ratio, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose were increased. CONCLUSION: The study showed that prediabetes and diabetes are diseases of inflammatory origin with a high level of pro-inflammatory molecules. These medications are not only potent risk factors for prediabetes and diabetes but also mediate significant future CVD risk in these patients.
{"title":"A study on adiponectin, uric acid, and C-reactive protein in prediabetic and diabetic subjects","authors":"Rachna Sharma, P. Anand, Shrawan Kumar","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_34_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_34_21","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Diabetes and prediabetes are always on the rise over the past decade, but little is known about the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus dysfunction in young adults. The study was conducted in prediabetic and diabetic patients in order to belong to an anti-inflammatory hormone adiponectin and pro-inflammatory marker uric acid (UA) in these patients and also to determine the role of these markers in future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case–control study was conducted at Rama Medical College and Hospital, Kanpur. Out of 400 participants recruited, 140 subjects were control, 140 were prediabetics, and the remaining 120 were controlled. The detailed history of the patients regarding age, gender, height, weight, and family history regarding obesity and other chronic illnesses was taken. Patients with medical complications or diseases and conditions that may affect levels of inflammatory markers were excluded from the study. The data analysis was done using SPSS 16 and the results were presented as mean ± standard deviation where P < 0.05 has been considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: The adiponectin level was found significantly decreased and C-reactive protein and UA levels were increased in both study groups (prediabetes and diabetes) while comparison was done with control group. Similarly, basic parameters including waist/hip ratio, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose were increased. CONCLUSION: The study showed that prediabetes and diabetes are diseases of inflammatory origin with a high level of pro-inflammatory molecules. These medications are not only potent risk factors for prediabetes and diabetes but also mediate significant future CVD risk in these patients.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"89 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78695183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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