Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.17063/BJFS8(2)Y201996
Marilene Neves, Larissa Rosa Dias Faustino, Jozeilton Dantas Bandeira, Jaime Trevizan Teixeira, A. S. Brasil, H. Correa, Eguiberto Bernardes Fraga Junior, Elisangela Santana de Oliveira Dantas, Diniz Pereira Leite Júnior
Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) refers to the amount of ethanol present in the blood of an individual. Ethanol is among the most common substances encountered in forensic toxicology because ethanol abuse is related to fatal traffic accidents and general anti-social behavior. The objective was to describe the profile of victims of fatal traffic accidents in the state of Mato Grosso between 2013 and 2015. We analyzed 3,045 case records from Mato Grosso state Official Public Forensic Institution, Politec. Positive results for the presence of ethanol in the blood of victims of fatal traffic accidents was higher for males 1,162 (83.1%), from 21 to 30 years of age, and occurred predominantly during the weekends. Traffic accidents in Cuiabá County had the highest mortality coefficient per 100 thousand inhabitants (28.9%) than the rest of the state. Regarding the months of the year, there was a homogenous distribution with a discrete predominance of cases in October, November and December. The incidents were more frequent between 22h, 8h and 11h/12h am. This study contributes not only for the identification of the individuals most likely to be involved in traffic accidents where ethanol was consumed, but also to subsidize public policies aimed towards intervening and raising awareness of damages due to association among driving and ethanol use or abuse. Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 8(2):96-112 (2019) 97 M. Neves et al.
{"title":"Driving under the Influence of Alcohol - Epidemiological Profile of the Victims in Mato Grosso State, Midwest Brazil","authors":"Marilene Neves, Larissa Rosa Dias Faustino, Jozeilton Dantas Bandeira, Jaime Trevizan Teixeira, A. S. Brasil, H. Correa, Eguiberto Bernardes Fraga Junior, Elisangela Santana de Oliveira Dantas, Diniz Pereira Leite Júnior","doi":"10.17063/BJFS8(2)Y201996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS8(2)Y201996","url":null,"abstract":"Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) refers to the amount of ethanol present in the blood of an individual. Ethanol is among the most common substances encountered in forensic toxicology because ethanol abuse is related to fatal traffic accidents and general anti-social behavior. The objective was to describe the profile of victims of fatal traffic accidents in the state of Mato Grosso between 2013 and 2015. We analyzed 3,045 case records from Mato Grosso state Official Public Forensic Institution, Politec. Positive results for the presence of ethanol in the blood of victims of fatal traffic accidents was higher for males 1,162 (83.1%), from 21 to 30 years of age, and occurred predominantly during the weekends. Traffic accidents in Cuiabá County had the highest mortality coefficient per 100 thousand inhabitants (28.9%) than the rest of the state. Regarding the months of the year, there was a homogenous distribution with a discrete predominance of cases in October, November and December. The incidents were more frequent between 22h, 8h and 11h/12h am. This study contributes not only for the identification of the individuals most likely to be involved in traffic accidents where ethanol was consumed, but also to subsidize public policies aimed towards intervening and raising awareness of damages due to association among driving and ethanol use or abuse. Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 8(2):96-112 (2019) 97 M. Neves et al.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88870278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-15DOI: 10.17063/BJFS8(2)Y201943
J. Sopran, F. Bomfim
{"title":"O Uso dos Marcadores Epigenéticos na Área Forense","authors":"J. Sopran, F. Bomfim","doi":"10.17063/BJFS8(2)Y201943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS8(2)Y201943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84227942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.17063/bjfs8(4)y2019258
M. Singh, J. Sehrawat
{"title":"Discrepancy between Self-reported and Recorded Age and Height among Students: a Forensic Anthropological Investigatio","authors":"M. Singh, J. Sehrawat","doi":"10.17063/bjfs8(4)y2019258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs8(4)y2019258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82531431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-25DOI: 10.17063/BJFS8(1)Y201836
M. Silva, Brenno Victor dos Santos Nascimento, Gabriel Cunha Brito, Erasmo de Almeida Júnior
Legal Medicine and Legal Odontology play an important role in the identification process especially when professionals in the field receive parts of the human body or Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 8(1):36-42 (2018) 37 M. V. V. M. P. Silva et al. isolated bones for analysis. The objective of this study is to verify the sexual dimorphism and age estimation through measurements in dry adult radios. For this study a sample of 160 dry radios on the right side, 80 male and 80 female, who belonged to individuals over 20 years of age with known sex and age with absolute safety. The bones belong to the collection of the Human Anatomy Laboratory of Tiradentes University (UNIT). For this study, the following measurements were performed: total length (ctr) of the radius, diameter of the articular circumference of the radius (dcar) and weight of the radius (pr). According to the statistical analysis, there was a success rate of 89.9% for logistic regression and 82.4% for discriminant function analysis. Through the t test there was a significant difference between the means in the three variables. Regarding the confidence intervals, it was verified that there was no interposition of bands in the three variables as well. The results allowed a quantitative analysis of the bones studied and their behavior in relation to sex with establishment of statistical methodology for future evaluation.
法律医学和法律牙科学在鉴定过程中发挥重要作用，特别是当该领域的专业人员接收人体或巴西法医学，医学法律和生物伦理学杂志8(1):36-42 (2018)37 M. V. V. M. P. Silva等人分离的骨骼进行分析时。本研究的目的是验证性别二态性和年龄估计通过测量在干成人收音机。在这项研究中，右侧有160个干收音机的样本，80个男性和80个女性，他们属于20岁以上的人，性别和年龄都是已知的，绝对安全的。这些骨头属于Tiradentes大学人体解剖实验室(UNIT)的收藏。在本研究中，进行了以下测量:桡骨总长度(ctr)，桡骨关节周长(dcar)和桡骨重量(pr)。经统计分析，logistic回归分析的成功率为89.9%，判别函数分析的成功率为82.4%。通过t检验，三个变量的均值有显著性差异。在置信区间上，验证了三个变量之间也没有波段间的干扰。研究结果允许对所研究的骨骼及其与性别有关的行为进行定量分析，并为今后的评估建立统计方法。
{"title":"Utilização do Comprimento Total, Diâmetro da Circunferência Articular e Peso Total do Rádio para Predição de Sexo","authors":"M. Silva, Brenno Victor dos Santos Nascimento, Gabriel Cunha Brito, Erasmo de Almeida Júnior","doi":"10.17063/BJFS8(1)Y201836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS8(1)Y201836","url":null,"abstract":"Legal Medicine and Legal Odontology play an important role in the identification process especially when professionals in the field receive parts of the human body or Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 8(1):36-42 (2018) 37 M. V. V. M. P. Silva et al. isolated bones for analysis. The objective of this study is to verify the sexual dimorphism and age estimation through measurements in dry adult radios. For this study a sample of 160 dry radios on the right side, 80 male and 80 female, who belonged to individuals over 20 years of age with known sex and age with absolute safety. The bones belong to the collection of the Human Anatomy Laboratory of Tiradentes University (UNIT). For this study, the following measurements were performed: total length (ctr) of the radius, diameter of the articular circumference of the radius (dcar) and weight of the radius (pr). According to the statistical analysis, there was a success rate of 89.9% for logistic regression and 82.4% for discriminant function analysis. Through the t test there was a significant difference between the means in the three variables. Regarding the confidence intervals, it was verified that there was no interposition of bands in the three variables as well. The results allowed a quantitative analysis of the bones studied and their behavior in relation to sex with establishment of statistical methodology for future evaluation.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88296020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.17063/BJFS8(1)Y201821
Victoria Almeida Oliveira Furtunato, G. Souto, Tatiana Dantas Piana
{"title":"Estimativa da Idade Baseada na Mineralização Dentária Utilizando o Método de Nicodemo, Moraes e Médici (1974) em População do Sul da Bahia","authors":"Victoria Almeida Oliveira Furtunato, G. Souto, Tatiana Dantas Piana","doi":"10.17063/BJFS8(1)Y201821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS8(1)Y201821","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85358530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Percepção Famíliar sobre o Ato Infracional e o Cumprimento de Medida Socioeducativa","authors":"Thiara Ferreira Potratz, A. A. Costa","doi":"10.17063/bjfs8(1)y20181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs8(1)y20181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89594796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-30DOI: 10.17063/bjfs7(4)y2018301
Karina das Chagas, Christian Zamberlan Angheben, Beatriz Álvares Cabral de Barros, Denise Bolten Lucion Loreto, Anderson Baldissera, M. Fernandes
{"title":"Lavagem de Tecido com Manchas de Sangue em uma Máquina Lavadora de Roupas e a Quimiluminescência do Bluestar","authors":"Karina das Chagas, Christian Zamberlan Angheben, Beatriz Álvares Cabral de Barros, Denise Bolten Lucion Loreto, Anderson Baldissera, M. Fernandes","doi":"10.17063/bjfs7(4)y2018301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs7(4)y2018301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76313793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018283
J. Sehrawat, P. Sood, Sukhmani Kaur
Biological profiling of unknown human remains is the foremost task required in forensic/medico-legal death investigations and sex determination of such remains is an important element of biological identity of an individual. In present study, 12 anthropometric measurements were recorded on 298 Uttarkashi individuals (150 males and 148 females) between age group of 18-25 years. Majority of measurements were found to have a significant degree of sexual dimorphism among them; being highest for cubit and thumb lengths and lowest for left palm and right foot lengths (p >0.001). From Univariate discriminant function analysis, cubit length and left foot length were selected as the best variables to discriminate sex of about 80% (84% males and 76% females) 79% (84.7% males and 73.6% females) individuals, respectively. Similarly, 86% subjects could be classified to their correct sex category from all the lineal measurements (88.5% males and 87.2% females) or the hand measurements only (83.1% males and 84.6% females) from the multivariate discriminant function analysis. The results of present study can be considered an addendum to the existing population data for forensic anthropological literature.
{"title":"Sexual Dimorphism in Anthropometric Measurements of Adult Uttarkashi (India) Individuals: A Forensic Anthropological Study","authors":"J. Sehrawat, P. Sood, Sukhmani Kaur","doi":"10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018283","url":null,"abstract":"Biological profiling of unknown human remains is the foremost task required in forensic/medico-legal death investigations and sex determination of such remains is an important element of biological identity of an individual. In present study, 12 anthropometric measurements were recorded on 298 Uttarkashi individuals (150 males and 148 females) between age group of 18-25 years. Majority of measurements were found to have a significant degree of sexual dimorphism among them; being highest for cubit and thumb lengths and lowest for left palm and right foot lengths (p >0.001). From Univariate discriminant function analysis, cubit length and left foot length were selected as the best variables to discriminate sex of about 80% (84% males and 76% females) 79% (84.7% males and 73.6% females) individuals, respectively. Similarly, 86% subjects could be classified to their correct sex category from all the lineal measurements (88.5% males and 87.2% females) or the hand measurements only (83.1% males and 84.6% females) from the multivariate discriminant function analysis. The results of present study can be considered an addendum to the existing population data for forensic anthropological literature.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74797691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018265
A. Fukushima, Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães, C. Munhoz, G. R. Abreu, E. R. Camargo, P. Waziry, H. S. Spinosa
Intoxications, as a rule, are related to the medical-legal area; some toxic agents occupy prominent place as the main ones responsible for the occurrence of deaths. In legal medicine, both human and animal, the major challenge faced is the elucidation of the cause of death and the time of death when corpses are found, indicating possible exposure to toxic agents, which are intentionally added most often, in order to cause irreversible damage to the victim. In this context the methods of toxicological analysis involving poisoning are widely studied and disseminated, there are numerous literature reviews on analytical validation processes in the most diverse areas, but reviews of forensic literature are scarce and outdated. Wrong or even unreliable analytical reports can lead to misleading conclusions, culminating in irreparable financial, academic or judicial damages. Since the validation processes are essential in laboratory routines and that forensic analytical methods applied in the legal area are important for the elucidation of xenobiotic intoxication tables, the purpose of this review is to discuss validation processes with a focus on analysis forensic, since the results from this type of analysis must be irrefutable and unequivocal and an error of result 266 Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 7(4):265-282 (2018) A. Fukushima et al. can lead to irreparable damage to the victim. In this review it is clear that there is no harmonized standardization of a concept of analytical validation, and both national and international regulations often fail to come to terms with merit figures that are paramount in an analytical validation process.
{"title":"Review on Requirements for Methodological Validations and Forensic Applications","authors":"A. Fukushima, Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães, C. Munhoz, G. R. Abreu, E. R. Camargo, P. Waziry, H. S. Spinosa","doi":"10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018265","url":null,"abstract":"Intoxications, as a rule, are related to the medical-legal area; some toxic agents occupy prominent place as the main ones responsible for the occurrence of deaths. In legal medicine, both human and animal, the major challenge faced is the elucidation of the cause of death and the time of death when corpses are found, indicating possible exposure to toxic agents, which are intentionally added most often, in order to cause irreversible damage to the victim. In this context the methods of toxicological analysis involving poisoning are widely studied and disseminated, there are numerous literature reviews on analytical validation processes in the most diverse areas, but reviews of forensic literature are scarce and outdated. Wrong or even unreliable analytical reports can lead to misleading conclusions, culminating in irreparable financial, academic or judicial damages. Since the validation processes are essential in laboratory routines and that forensic analytical methods applied in the legal area are important for the elucidation of xenobiotic intoxication tables, the purpose of this review is to discuss validation processes with a focus on analysis forensic, since the results from this type of analysis must be irrefutable and unequivocal and an error of result 266 Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 7(4):265-282 (2018) A. Fukushima et al. can lead to irreparable damage to the victim. In this review it is clear that there is no harmonized standardization of a concept of analytical validation, and both national and international regulations often fail to come to terms with merit figures that are paramount in an analytical validation process.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80094110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-25DOI: 10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018264
A. Santana, Antonio Gomes de Castro Neto
{"title":"Avaliação das Apreensões de Benzodiazepínicos na Cidade de Recife – PE, Brasil","authors":"A. Santana, Antonio Gomes de Castro Neto","doi":"10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/BJFS7(4)Y2018264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83947296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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