Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080404
J. Kampamba, Simon Kachepa, Shu‐Ling Lu, M. Sexton, Milidzani Majingo, Abednico Wadingalo
Many leading organisations worldwide, have adopted their workplaces as a means to meet a range of financial drivers thereby, secure competitive advantage, through sustainability in built environment. The lack of exploitation of this concept by the commercial property market of Botswana led to the research question for this study. Could it be because the conventional leasing yield the maximum benefits or that what literature and other international policy makers are promoting is something sensational rather than statement of common truth? The purpose of this study was to provide an answer to whether traditional leases are common in Botswana property market as compared to green leases which can be adopted as an alternative sustainable management practice. In realizing the objectives, the study investigated and compared the performance of properties both under green leasing and conventional or traditional leasing by measuring the performance indicators. These performance indicators were operational cost, vacancy rates and utility cost per metre. By utilizing the green design evaluation model, sustainable measures or fixtures were used as input variable in this model whilst profit maximization or returns on investment in commercial properties were treated as variables dependent on operational expenses, vacancy rates and generally costs were the output of this model. From three office nodes of Gaborone purposely selected by the researchers, data was collected through the use of a questionnaire and was analysed using descriptive statistics and overall mean scores were utilized to present the findings. The analysis also indicated that the differences between traditional and green leases in Botswana currently are minimal and therefore, current leases are still relevant to the commercial property market. The implications of the results are that though green leases are sustainable, traditional leases are still relevant and mostly utilised in Botswana’s leasing market. The study recommends policy change if green leases are to become more prominence in the rental property market.
{"title":"An Evaluation of the Relevance of Current Traditional Leases in Commercial Properties as Compared to Green Leases","authors":"J. Kampamba, Simon Kachepa, Shu‐Ling Lu, M. Sexton, Milidzani Majingo, Abednico Wadingalo","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080404","url":null,"abstract":"Many leading organisations worldwide, have adopted their workplaces as a means to meet a range of financial drivers thereby, secure competitive advantage, through sustainability in built environment. The lack of exploitation of this concept by the commercial property market of Botswana led to the research question for this study. Could it be because the conventional leasing yield the maximum benefits or that what literature and other international policy makers are promoting is something sensational rather than statement of common truth? The purpose of this study was to provide an answer to whether traditional leases are common in Botswana property market as compared to green leases which can be adopted as an alternative sustainable management practice. In realizing the objectives, the study investigated and compared the performance of properties both under green leasing and conventional or traditional leasing by measuring the performance indicators. These performance indicators were operational cost, vacancy rates and utility cost per metre. By utilizing the green design evaluation model, sustainable measures or fixtures were used as input variable in this model whilst profit maximization or returns on investment in commercial properties were treated as variables dependent on operational expenses, vacancy rates and generally costs were the output of this model. From three office nodes of Gaborone purposely selected by the researchers, data was collected through the use of a questionnaire and was analysed using descriptive statistics and overall mean scores were utilized to present the findings. The analysis also indicated that the differences between traditional and green leases in Botswana currently are minimal and therefore, current leases are still relevant to the commercial property market. The implications of the results are that though green leases are sustainable, traditional leases are still relevant and mostly utilised in Botswana’s leasing market. The study recommends policy change if green leases are to become more prominence in the rental property market.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"234-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43438822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080405
J. Wokadala, Adrian Ssesanga, Herbert Akampwera
The purpose of the study was to establish the extent to which the Sustainable Livelihood Pilot (SLP) project was effective in promoting welfare of the target poor households and particularly to ascertain the extent to which the intervention has improved demand for social services at household level. The assessment was premised on the livelihoods approach that serves as an instrument for investigating the poor peoples' livelihoods. The analysis was based on consumption expenditure model built; the beneficiary incidence analysis to measure the benefits derived from public spending to the households in social services of education, health and water. The analysis established there were significant (at 1%) changes in household incomes in the SLP project hosting districts in Uganda. Further, there were significant increases in the mean spending in total, and by sector for education, health and water, and more so percent changes on education services are higher than water and health. It was noted that the SLP intervention significantly impacted on household budgets in that individuals that accessed the grant significantly improved their budgets on education (by 42.3%), health (by 26.4%) and water (by 48.2%) respectively as compared to the base period. The project targeted mainly women to respond to global strategies of improving demand financing through women empowerment.
{"title":"Effectiveness of the Public Livelihood Programmes on the Demand for Education, Health and Water Services in Uganda: A Case of Sustainable Livelihood Pilot","authors":"J. Wokadala, Adrian Ssesanga, Herbert Akampwera","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080405","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to establish the extent to which the Sustainable Livelihood Pilot (SLP) project was effective in promoting welfare of the target poor households and particularly to ascertain the extent to which the intervention has improved demand for social services at household level. The assessment was premised on the livelihoods approach that serves as an instrument for investigating the poor peoples' livelihoods. The analysis was based on consumption expenditure model built; the beneficiary incidence analysis to measure the benefits derived from public spending to the households in social services of education, health and water. The analysis established there were significant (at 1%) changes in household incomes in the SLP project hosting districts in Uganda. Further, there were significant increases in the mean spending in total, and by sector for education, health and water, and more so percent changes on education services are higher than water and health. It was noted that the SLP intervention significantly impacted on household budgets in that individuals that accessed the grant significantly improved their budgets on education (by 42.3%), health (by 26.4%) and water (by 48.2%) respectively as compared to the base period. The project targeted mainly women to respond to global strategies of improving demand financing through women empowerment.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"243-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080402
Than Thanh Son, B. Loan, Đỗ Hải Hưng, T. T. Hoa
The literature on entrepreneurship suggests that entrepreneurial orientation (EO) improves business performance, while the empirical results are mixed. Therefore, this study focuses on determining the impact of this relationship on the sample of small and medium enterprises in the context of emerging economies and transformation based on the results of a survey of 113 enterprises in Hanoi, Vietnam. Using multivariate regression analysis after testing the reliability of the scale, the research results provide evidence that enterprises in the practicing higher EO obtains better business results than those implementing low EO strategies. This result is validated even in business environments considered benign, in which the influence of the environment regulates the relationship between EO and operational efficiency. However, this initial research on entrepreneurial tendencies only confirms that only two of the three aspects of EO have a positive effect on operational efficiency, including proactiveness and risk-taking initiatives. Nevertheless, these results also suggest that, in the context of transitioning economies, where most of the businesses are active in the field of trade in services, innovation orientation is not a factor that has a direct impact on improving business performance. This result does not negate the role of innovation, but implies the direction of future research as mentioned in the paper.
{"title":"Study on the Effect of Entrepreneurship on the Business Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Case Study in Vietnam","authors":"Than Thanh Son, B. Loan, Đỗ Hải Hưng, T. T. Hoa","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080402","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on entrepreneurship suggests that entrepreneurial orientation (EO) improves business performance, while the empirical results are mixed. Therefore, this study focuses on determining the impact of this relationship on the sample of small and medium enterprises in the context of emerging economies and transformation based on the results of a survey of 113 enterprises in Hanoi, Vietnam. Using multivariate regression analysis after testing the reliability of the scale, the research results provide evidence that enterprises in the practicing higher EO obtains better business results than those implementing low EO strategies. This result is validated even in business environments considered benign, in which the influence of the environment regulates the relationship between EO and operational efficiency. However, this initial research on entrepreneurial tendencies only confirms that only two of the three aspects of EO have a positive effect on operational efficiency, including proactiveness and risk-taking initiatives. Nevertheless, these results also suggest that, in the context of transitioning economies, where most of the businesses are active in the field of trade in services, innovation orientation is not a factor that has a direct impact on improving business performance. This result does not negate the role of innovation, but implies the direction of future research as mentioned in the paper.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"205-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42796140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080403
Üzeyir Aydin, Ramazan Ekinci, Osman Tüzün
In cases where debt dollarization of firms is more than asset dollarization, sudden and high depreciation of the national currency causes firms to lose net wealth and may adversely affect their investments and profitability. Real exchange rate depreciation, on one hand, increases the incomes of manufacturing industry firms by providing international competitive advantage and it can prevent the competitive advantage by creating negative balance sheet effect due to high debt dollarization on the other. In this context, the aim of this study is to discuss the determinants of the debt-dollarization and the balance sheet situation of the manufacturing industry, which is facing political instability and exchange rate volatility. Dynamic panel data method was used for manufacturing industry sub-sector data for the 2008-2015 period. Overall, our empirical results reveal that the exchange rate shocks have positive impact on both debt dollarization and profitability. That means there is an exchange rate dependency in manufacturing industry. In addition, results show that there is no significant effect of political uncertainty on debt dollarization and the profitability of firm.
{"title":"Effects of Exchange Rate Shocks and Political Risk on the Turkish Manufacturing Industry: Some Evidence","authors":"Üzeyir Aydin, Ramazan Ekinci, Osman Tüzün","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080403","url":null,"abstract":"In cases where debt dollarization of firms is more than asset dollarization, sudden and high depreciation of the national currency causes firms to lose net wealth and may adversely affect their investments and profitability. Real exchange rate depreciation, on one hand, increases the incomes of manufacturing industry firms by providing international competitive advantage and it can prevent the competitive advantage by creating negative balance sheet effect due to high debt dollarization on the other. In this context, the aim of this study is to discuss the determinants of the debt-dollarization and the balance sheet situation of the manufacturing industry, which is facing political instability and exchange rate volatility. Dynamic panel data method was used for manufacturing industry sub-sector data for the 2008-2015 period. Overall, our empirical results reveal that the exchange rate shocks have positive impact on both debt dollarization and profitability. That means there is an exchange rate dependency in manufacturing industry. In addition, results show that there is no significant effect of political uncertainty on debt dollarization and the profitability of firm.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"214-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47919520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080301
William Abungu Onyango, C. Olando
Occurrences of banking financial crises as well as commercial bank failures in Kenya are usually associated with elevations in accumulation of non-performing loans. This study therefore analyzed the influence of bank specific factors on the level of non-performing loans among the commercial banks in Kenya. This study employed descriptive research design using the forty-three (43) currently licensed commercial banks as its target population. Using census, the study collected secondary data from the previous year’s financials statement and other financial reports for period covering 2012 to 2016. Quantitative analysis was used to produce descriptive statistics and inferential analysis carried out to predict a study model for estimating Non-Performing Loans in terms of banks related factors. The study revealed that the average level of NPLs among Kenyan commercial banks is higher than the threshold of 5% signaling a serious NPLs problem amongst commercial banks in the country. The study concludes that at 5% level of significance; interest rate spread has positive significant influence on NPLs; operating efficiency is directly proportional to non-performing loans and it has a moderate positive significant influence on the non-performing loans among commercial banks in Kenya; liquidity ratio has a negatively low significant relationship with non-performing loans.; and return on assets has a negative significant influence on NPLs among commercial banks in Kenya. ROA has a negative impact.
{"title":"Analysis on Influence of Bank Specific Factors on Non-Performing Loans among Commercial Banks in Kenya","authors":"William Abungu Onyango, C. Olando","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080301","url":null,"abstract":"Occurrences of banking financial crises as well as commercial bank failures in Kenya are usually associated with elevations in accumulation of non-performing loans. This study therefore analyzed the influence of bank specific factors on the level of non-performing loans among the commercial banks in Kenya. This study employed descriptive research design using the forty-three (43) currently licensed commercial banks as its target population. Using census, the study collected secondary data from the previous year’s financials statement and other financial reports for period covering 2012 to 2016. Quantitative analysis was used to produce descriptive statistics and inferential analysis carried out to predict a study model for estimating Non-Performing Loans in terms of banks related factors. The study revealed that the average level of NPLs among Kenyan commercial banks is higher than the threshold of 5% signaling a serious NPLs problem amongst commercial banks in the country. The study concludes that at 5% level of significance; interest rate spread has positive significant influence on NPLs; operating efficiency is directly proportional to non-performing loans and it has a moderate positive significant influence on the non-performing loans among commercial banks in Kenya; liquidity ratio has a negatively low significant relationship with non-performing loans.; and return on assets has a negative significant influence on NPLs among commercial banks in Kenya. ROA has a negative impact.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"105-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47012075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080307
Rongyu Wang
In this paper, we study a 2 × 2 Bayesian entry game with correlated private information. The distribution of private information is modelled by a symmetric joint normal distribution. Therefore, the correlation coefficient of the private information distribution reflects the degree of dependence of players' private information. Under such specification, players' private information can be correlated flexibly, which is not confined to the typical additive specification of private payoff shocks or private information by Carlson and van Damme (1993), where the private information is correlated due to the common payoff shock. In our game, if the private information is correlated, we find that given the variances of the private information, there exists a restriction on the degree of correlation of players' private information that allows the game can be solved by cutoff strategies. Specifically, given the variances of the private information, if players' private information in strategic substitutes (strategic complements) Bayesian games are positively (negatively) correlated, the range of correlation coefficient that allows the game can be solved by cutoff strategies is restricted so that if the correlation is out of the range, the game cannot be solved by cutoff strategies. Alternatively, given positive (negative) correlation of private information, the value of variances that allows a strategic substitutes (strategic complements) Bayesian games can be solved by cutoff strategies are restricted within certain range. If the value of variances fall out of the range, the Bayesian game cannot be solved by cutoff strategies. However, given negative (positive) correlation of players' private information in strategic substitutes (strategic complements) Bayesian games, in which the Bayesian games can always be solved by cutoff strategies, we prove that as the variances converge to zero, all pure strategy Bayesian Nash equilibria of the perturbed games converge to the respective Nash equilibria of the corresponding strategic substitutes (strategic complements) complete information games. Based on the result, we conclude that the purification rationale proposed by Harsanyi (1973) can be extended to games with dependent perturbation errors that follow a symmetric joint normal distribution if the correlation coefficient is positive for the strategic complements games or negative for the strategic substitutes games.
{"title":"Information Correlation in a 2 × 2 Game and an Extension of Purification Rationale","authors":"Rongyu Wang","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080307","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study a 2 × 2 Bayesian entry game with correlated private information. The distribution of private information is modelled by a symmetric joint normal distribution. Therefore, the correlation coefficient of the private information distribution reflects the degree of dependence of players' private information. Under such specification, players' private information can be correlated flexibly, which is not confined to the typical additive specification of private payoff shocks or private information by Carlson and van Damme (1993), where the private information is correlated due to the common payoff shock. In our game, if the private information is correlated, we find that given the variances of the private information, there exists a restriction on the degree of correlation of players' private information that allows the game can be solved by cutoff strategies. Specifically, given the variances of the private information, if players' private information in strategic substitutes (strategic complements) Bayesian games are positively (negatively) correlated, the range of correlation coefficient that allows the game can be solved by cutoff strategies is restricted so that if the correlation is out of the range, the game cannot be solved by cutoff strategies. Alternatively, given positive (negative) correlation of private information, the value of variances that allows a strategic substitutes (strategic complements) Bayesian games can be solved by cutoff strategies are restricted within certain range. If the value of variances fall out of the range, the Bayesian game cannot be solved by cutoff strategies. However, given negative (positive) correlation of players' private information in strategic substitutes (strategic complements) Bayesian games, in which the Bayesian games can always be solved by cutoff strategies, we prove that as the variances converge to zero, all pure strategy Bayesian Nash equilibria of the perturbed games converge to the respective Nash equilibria of the corresponding strategic substitutes (strategic complements) complete information games. Based on the result, we conclude that the purification rationale proposed by Harsanyi (1973) can be extended to games with dependent perturbation errors that follow a symmetric joint normal distribution if the correlation coefficient is positive for the strategic complements games or negative for the strategic substitutes games.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"178-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46912256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080302
T. P. Reddy
Government of India emphasized inclusive growth and the strategy was achieving a particular type of growth process which will meet the objectives of inclusiveness and sustainability. The strategy was based on sound macroeconomic policies which establish the macroeconomic preconditions for rapid growth and support key drivers of growth. It includes sector specific policies and the institutional environment in which it occurs, achieves the objective of inclusiveness. While focusing on inclusive development one may ignore the inequalities which will have significant implications for growth and macroeconomic stability. It can concentrate political and decision making power with few, lead to suboptimal use of human resources, cause investment reducing political and economic instability. Some degree of inequality may not be a problem in so far as providing the incentives for people to excel, compete, save and invest to move ahead in the life. But, high and sustained levels of inequality especially “inequality of opportunity” can entail large social costs. Against the background, objective of the paper is to examine the drivers of inequality and suggest some policy prescriptions for addressing the issue. Therefore, we have reviewed literature, collected data from secondary sources and analyzed for arriving at conclusions. Despite the efforts of Government, there are challenges in achieving inclusive development while the initiatives are like symptomatic treatment to a chronic disease. Hence the following are suggested; Tax-GDP ratio has to be improved by broadening the tax base, raising corporate taxes and withdrawing sops and benefits to the Corporates. Social sector expenditure on health and education should go up. Labour laws need to be flexible so as to help the workforce as the rigid labour laws are acting as stumbling blocks for labour welfare in various sectors. Finally, implementation of gender budgeting should be enforced as a mandate for
{"title":"Inequalities and Inclusive Development: Some Policy Perspectives for Indian Economy","authors":"T. P. Reddy","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080302","url":null,"abstract":"Government of India emphasized inclusive growth and the strategy was achieving a particular type of growth process which will meet the objectives of inclusiveness and sustainability. The strategy was based on sound macroeconomic policies which establish the macroeconomic preconditions for rapid growth and support key drivers of growth. It includes sector specific policies and the institutional environment in which it occurs, achieves the objective of inclusiveness. While focusing on inclusive development one may ignore the inequalities which will have significant implications for growth and macroeconomic stability. It can concentrate political and decision making power with few, lead to suboptimal use of human resources, cause investment reducing political and economic instability. Some degree of inequality may not be a problem in so far as providing the incentives for people to excel, compete, save and invest to move ahead in the life. But, high and sustained levels of inequality especially “inequality of opportunity” can entail large social costs. Against the background, objective of the paper is to examine the drivers of inequality and suggest some policy prescriptions for addressing the issue. Therefore, we have reviewed literature, collected data from secondary sources and analyzed for arriving at conclusions. Despite the efforts of Government, there are challenges in achieving inclusive development while the initiatives are like symptomatic treatment to a chronic disease. Hence the following are suggested; Tax-GDP ratio has to be improved by broadening the tax base, raising corporate taxes and withdrawing sops and benefits to the Corporates. Social sector expenditure on health and education should go up. Labour laws need to be flexible so as to help the workforce as the rigid labour laws are acting as stumbling blocks for labour welfare in various sectors. Finally, implementation of gender budgeting should be enforced as a mandate for","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"122-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45628457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080306
Sam Toglaw
This study sheds the light on the application of social marketing principles in promoting universal values. It explores the relationship between the promotion of values to workers and the workplace performance. KAYRA was chosen as a case study. It is an international fashion retail company whose core values are tightly aligned with its business strategy. A one-month social marketing campaign was conducted in three branches in the Middle East: Kuwait, Qatar and UAE. It targeted the workers in eight boutiques and focused on the promotion of work-related values such as punctuality, honesty, altruism, cooperation, accountability, diligence and teamwork. Two performance indicators were chosen: number of customers served and sales volume (expressed in the number of units sold in each boutique). Data were compared and analyzed over three months, one month before the campaign and one month during the campaign and one month after the campaign. The results indicated a positive correlation between the promotion of values to sales staff and overall performance at the boutiques. Data analysis revealed an average increase of 20 % in the number of customers served by sales staff who were exposed to the promotion campaign. In addition, the average number of units sold in the participating boutiques increased 5.6%. Although this is a small increase in comparison to the former performance indicator, the study opens up horizons for social marketing of “values” to trigger positive behavior and enhance employees overall performance. The study recommends incorporating planned social marketing campaigns for performance management and human resources development.
{"title":"The Application of Social and Value Marketing in Performance Management & Human Resource Development: The Case of KAYRA Fashion","authors":"Sam Toglaw","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080306","url":null,"abstract":"This study sheds the light on the application of social marketing principles in promoting universal values. It explores the relationship between the promotion of values to workers and the workplace performance. KAYRA was chosen as a case study. It is an international fashion retail company whose core values are tightly aligned with its business strategy. A one-month social marketing campaign was conducted in three branches in the Middle East: Kuwait, Qatar and UAE. It targeted the workers in eight boutiques and focused on the promotion of work-related values such as punctuality, honesty, altruism, cooperation, accountability, diligence and teamwork. Two performance indicators were chosen: number of customers served and sales volume (expressed in the number of units sold in each boutique). Data were compared and analyzed over three months, one month before the campaign and one month during the campaign and one month after the campaign. The results indicated a positive correlation between the promotion of values to sales staff and overall performance at the boutiques. Data analysis revealed an average increase of 20 % in the number of customers served by sales staff who were exposed to the promotion campaign. In addition, the average number of units sold in the participating boutiques increased 5.6%. Although this is a small increase in comparison to the former performance indicator, the study opens up horizons for social marketing of “values” to trigger positive behavior and enhance employees overall performance. The study recommends incorporating planned social marketing campaigns for performance management and human resources development.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"170-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47453434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080304
Cheng-Jong Lee, Chieh-Heng Ko, Yanling Huang, Y. Tsai, Seng C. Keng
This study uses the structural equation model as the analysis tool, and aims to explore the effects of tourism experience on job involvement and well-being. The subjects are full-time workers who have travelled in the last 12 months. This investigation is based on purposive sampling and e-questionnaires, uses analytical tools SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 19.0, and 360 valid questionnaires are retrieved. According to the research findings: (1) tourism experience positively influences job involvement; (2) tourism experience does not positively influence well-being; and (3) job involvement positively influences well-being. Based on the above, this study suggests that managers plan appropriate trips according to employees' demands. Experiential activities should be appealing and trigger internal affective connections through external experience, in order to reinforce job involvement and well-being in life. The research results also reveal that, of the five experiences, i.e., sensual experience, emotional experience, thinking experience, action experience, and related experience, the regression coefficient of emotional experience is the highest, which shows why story marketing has taken an important position among marketing strategies. The different types of tourism experience include recreational sightseeing, cultural sightseeing, entertaining sightseeing, and sports sightseeing where recreational sightseeing accounts for 58.1%. Under the existing system, there may have been items that did not apply to the respondents, which would result in deviations or errors in the questionnaires; in the case of any special or major changes in the external environment
{"title":"Effects of Tourism Experience for Job Involvement and Well-Being","authors":"Cheng-Jong Lee, Chieh-Heng Ko, Yanling Huang, Y. Tsai, Seng C. Keng","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080304","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the structural equation model as the analysis tool, and aims to explore the effects of tourism experience on job involvement and well-being. The subjects are full-time workers who have travelled in the last 12 months. This investigation is based on purposive sampling and e-questionnaires, uses analytical tools SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 19.0, and 360 valid questionnaires are retrieved. According to the research findings: (1) tourism experience positively influences job involvement; (2) tourism experience does not positively influence well-being; and (3) job involvement positively influences well-being. Based on the above, this study suggests that managers plan appropriate trips according to employees' demands. Experiential activities should be appealing and trigger internal affective connections through external experience, in order to reinforce job involvement and well-being in life. The research results also reveal that, of the five experiences, i.e., sensual experience, emotional experience, thinking experience, action experience, and related experience, the regression coefficient of emotional experience is the highest, which shows why story marketing has taken an important position among marketing strategies. The different types of tourism experience include recreational sightseeing, cultural sightseeing, entertaining sightseeing, and sports sightseeing where recreational sightseeing accounts for 58.1%. Under the existing system, there may have been items that did not apply to the respondents, which would result in deviations or errors in the questionnaires; in the case of any special or major changes in the external environment","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47665699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-01DOI: 10.13189/aeb.2020.080303
Besa Shahini, Majlinda Keta, Babu George
The Public Private Partnership (PPP) is one of the developmental models prevalent in most developing economies to promote the quality of life of people and to boost the overall socio-economic development of the country. One of the widely used indicators of the preparedness of Albania to integrate with the European Union (EU) is the similarities of the country's developmental models with that of the EU, PPP being one of them. The main objective of the paper is to measure the perception of the Albanian young educated generation on PPP. This is done through a descriptive, inferential, and critical analysis of primary data, gathered through a survey administered among the students (bachelor and master's degree) of the University of Tirana. It is concluded that an updated high school curriculum in all faculties with knowledge on new policy tools, particularly the PPP, will be useful in increasing student awareness of and support for it. Participatory governance with active feedback and control mechanisms would increase public satisfaction and reduce public complains.
{"title":"Awareness of Public-Private Partnership: The Case of Albanian University Students","authors":"Besa Shahini, Majlinda Keta, Babu George","doi":"10.13189/aeb.2020.080303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/aeb.2020.080303","url":null,"abstract":"The Public Private Partnership (PPP) is one of the developmental models prevalent in most developing economies to promote the quality of life of people and to boost the overall socio-economic development of the country. One of the widely used indicators of the preparedness of Albania to integrate with the European Union (EU) is the similarities of the country's developmental models with that of the EU, PPP being one of them. The main objective of the paper is to measure the perception of the Albanian young educated generation on PPP. This is done through a descriptive, inferential, and critical analysis of primary data, gathered through a survey administered among the students (bachelor and master's degree) of the University of Tirana. It is concluded that an updated high school curriculum in all faculties with knowledge on new policy tools, particularly the PPP, will be useful in increasing student awareness of and support for it. Participatory governance with active feedback and control mechanisms would increase public satisfaction and reduce public complains.","PeriodicalId":91438,"journal":{"name":"Advances in economics and business","volume":"8 1","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47761145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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