Background: Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) are reviewed as there has been progress in these areas. Summary: PD is a systemic disease of the nervous system as the initial symptom is related to disturbance of the autonomic nervous system, such as constipation or nocturia. Then, the disease progresses to the brain stem involving the nuclei in the pons and the substantia nigra, and inducing sleep and wakefulness disturbances, affect problems such as anxiety and depression, and motor problems when the disease process has reached the substantia nigra. Furthermore, the disease has an effect on the nucleus basalis of Meynert, the amygdaloid complex and the cerebrum manifesting cognitive impairment. The olfactory pathway is also frequently involved. Key Messages: For the treatment of PD, younger patients without dementia should be treated with a nonergot dopamine agonist first and then with levodopa if necessary. Elderly patients or those with dementia should be treated with levodopa. However, after 5 years of levodopa treatment, many patients with PD develop wearing off. Drugs for the treatment of wearing-off symptoms are reviewed. Many of the patients with wearing-off symptoms develop dyskinesia, and amantadine is so far the only drug that can ameliorate dyskinesia. Because of this situation, a new method of treatment is warranted, such as RNA interaction, according to the author's opinion. Recent progress in this field is also reviewed. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
背景:综述了帕金森病(PD)的临床特征、发病机制和治疗方法，以及在这些领域的研究进展。摘要:PD是一种全身性神经系统疾病，其首发症状与自主神经系统紊乱有关，如便秘、夜尿等。然后，疾病进展到脑干，累及脑桥核和黑质，并诱发睡眠和觉醒障碍，当疾病进展到黑质时，影响焦虑、抑郁和运动问题等问题。此外，该病对Meynert基底核、杏仁核复合体和大脑有影响，表现为认知障碍。嗅觉通路也经常参与其中。关键信息:对于PD的治疗，无痴呆的年轻患者应首先使用非角胺受体激动剂，必要时再使用左旋多巴。老年患者或痴呆患者应服用左旋多巴。然而，经过5年的左旋多巴治疗，许多PD患者逐渐消失。本文综述了治疗磨损症状的药物。许多症状消退的患者会出现运动障碍，金刚烷胺是迄今为止唯一能改善运动障碍的药物。由于这种情况，一种新的治疗方法是必要的，如RNA相互作用，根据作者的意见。本文还评述了这一领域的最新进展。i 2014 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
{"title":"Recent Research Progress in and Future Perspective on Treatment of Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Y. Mizuno","doi":"10.1159/000365571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000365571","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) are reviewed as there has been progress in these areas. Summary: PD is a systemic disease of the nervous system as the initial symptom is related to disturbance of the autonomic nervous system, such as constipation or nocturia. Then, the disease progresses to the brain stem involving the nuclei in the pons and the substantia nigra, and inducing sleep and wakefulness disturbances, affect problems such as anxiety and depression, and motor problems when the disease process has reached the substantia nigra. Furthermore, the disease has an effect on the nucleus basalis of Meynert, the amygdaloid complex and the cerebrum manifesting cognitive impairment. The olfactory pathway is also frequently involved. Key Messages: For the treatment of PD, younger patients without dementia should be treated with a nonergot dopamine agonist first and then with levodopa if necessary. Elderly patients or those with dementia should be treated with levodopa. However, after 5 years of levodopa treatment, many patients with PD develop wearing off. Drugs for the treatment of wearing-off symptoms are reviewed. Many of the patients with wearing-off symptoms develop dyskinesia, and amantadine is so far the only drug that can ameliorate dyskinesia. Because of this situation, a new method of treatment is warranted, such as RNA interaction, according to the author's opinion. Recent progress in this field is also reviewed. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"67 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000365571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64731107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Litscher, G. Litscher, Michael Ofner, Ingrid Gaischek, D. Malliga
Background: The goal of this study was to investigate acute effects of a special kind of manual therapy developed by Mohamed Khalifa (RegentK) compared to standard physiotherapy on regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) of knee tissues in patients with completely ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Methods: Twenty patients were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to receive either RegentK (group A; n = 10, 8 female, 2 male, mean age ± SD 31.3 ± 8.5 years) or physiotherapy (group B; n = 10, 6 female, 4 male, mean age 34.8 ± 10.2 years). The values of rSO2, assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy, were registered anterolaterally and anteromedially on both the injured and the healthy (control) knee. Results: rSO2 increased significantly (p < 0.001) after RegentK on both registration sites of the injured knee, whereas after physiotherapy only the anterolateral side showed significant increases. Interestingly, we found significant increases in rSO2 also on the control knee after RegentK; in group B, these results were insignificant. Conclusion: We conclude that manual therapy influences the hemodynamics of muscles and deeper structures. The results will also serve to quantify the effects of nonpharmacological and nonsurgical interventions (e.g. RegentK) on the microvascular circulation in deep tissue after a complete rupture of the ACL.
{"title":"Spectroscopic Measurements in Patients with Completely Ruptured Anterior Cruciate Ligament before and after RegentK and Physiotherapy","authors":"D. Litscher, G. Litscher, Michael Ofner, Ingrid Gaischek, D. Malliga","doi":"10.1159/000365105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000365105","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The goal of this study was to investigate acute effects of a special kind of manual therapy developed by Mohamed Khalifa (RegentK) compared to standard physiotherapy on regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) of knee tissues in patients with completely ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Methods: Twenty patients were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to receive either RegentK (group A; n = 10, 8 female, 2 male, mean age ± SD 31.3 ± 8.5 years) or physiotherapy (group B; n = 10, 6 female, 4 male, mean age 34.8 ± 10.2 years). The values of rSO2, assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy, were registered anterolaterally and anteromedially on both the injured and the healthy (control) knee. Results: rSO2 increased significantly (p < 0.001) after RegentK on both registration sites of the injured knee, whereas after physiotherapy only the anterolateral side showed significant increases. Interestingly, we found significant increases in rSO2 also on the control knee after RegentK; in group B, these results were insignificant. Conclusion: We conclude that manual therapy influences the hemodynamics of muscles and deeper structures. The results will also serve to quantify the effects of nonpharmacological and nonsurgical interventions (e.g. RegentK) on the microvascular circulation in deep tissue after a complete rupture of the ACL.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"56 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000365105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64727039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yinyi Sun, Kangyong Liu, Ting Zhang, Yan Sun, Wenqi Chen, Qian Li, Rongfu Chen, Xiao-Jiang Sun
3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP), one of the chemical constituents of celery oil, is used for the treatment of many central nervous system diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia. NBP showed potent neuroprotective effects by decreasing oxidative damage, inhibiting inflammatory responses, improving mitochondrial function, and reducing neuronal apoptosis.
{"title":"The Neuroprotective Effect and Probable Mechanism of DL-3-n-Butylphthalide in Brain Diseases","authors":"Yinyi Sun, Kangyong Liu, Ting Zhang, Yan Sun, Wenqi Chen, Qian Li, Rongfu Chen, Xiao-Jiang Sun","doi":"10.1159/000362633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362633","url":null,"abstract":"3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP), one of the chemical constituents of celery oil, is used for the treatment of many central nervous system diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia. NBP showed potent neuroprotective effects by decreasing oxidative damage, inhibiting inflammatory responses, improving mitochondrial function, and reducing neuronal apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"51 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362633","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the molecular biological mechanism of the antiepileptic effect of Xingnaojing (XNJ) injection on a rat kindling model of epilepsy (KME). Methods: Fifty healthy 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups: blank control (BC) group, model (M) group, XNJ injection (XI) group, phenobarbital injection (PI) group and XNJ combined with phenobarbital (XP) group. There were 10 rats in each group. The intervention drugs were administered 30 min before the model-building drugs once a day for 5 weeks. The model-building drug pentetrazol was given to each group as an intraperitoneal injection 30 min after the use of the intervention drug once a day for 4 weeks for KME establishment (except for the BC group). The BC group was given physiological saline instead. All drugs were injected intraperitoneally. The behaviors of each group of rats were observed after the use of the model-building drugs for 1 h every day. The last kindling test was carried out at the end of week 5. Then, c-fos and c-jun protein expressions in the rat brains of each group were observed and analyzed by immunohistochemistry at the end of the experiment. Results: There was a large number of cells positive for the c-fos and c-jun proteins in the rat brains of the M group. Compared with the M group, the expression level of the c-fos and c-jun proteins was lower in the rat brains of the XI and PI groups (p < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between the XI and PI groups (p > 0.05). The number of positive cells in the rat brains of the XP group was even smaller than that of the XI or PI groups. Conclusion: The antiepileptic effect of the XNJ injection on the rat KME is probably related to its interruption function on the expression of the c-fos and c-jun proteins in rat brains.
{"title":"Influence of Xingnaojing Injection on the Expression of c-fos and c-jun Proteins in Brains of Rats in a Kindling Model of Epilepsy Chronically Induced by Pentetrazol","authors":"Ji-Wei Cheng, Yu Bai, Xiao-jing Zhang, Lijun Zhang, Yuqing Hou","doi":"10.1159/000362637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362637","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the molecular biological mechanism of the antiepileptic effect of Xingnaojing (XNJ) injection on a rat kindling model of epilepsy (KME). Methods: Fifty healthy 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups: blank control (BC) group, model (M) group, XNJ injection (XI) group, phenobarbital injection (PI) group and XNJ combined with phenobarbital (XP) group. There were 10 rats in each group. The intervention drugs were administered 30 min before the model-building drugs once a day for 5 weeks. The model-building drug pentetrazol was given to each group as an intraperitoneal injection 30 min after the use of the intervention drug once a day for 4 weeks for KME establishment (except for the BC group). The BC group was given physiological saline instead. All drugs were injected intraperitoneally. The behaviors of each group of rats were observed after the use of the model-building drugs for 1 h every day. The last kindling test was carried out at the end of week 5. Then, c-fos and c-jun protein expressions in the rat brains of each group were observed and analyzed by immunohistochemistry at the end of the experiment. Results: There was a large number of cells positive for the c-fos and c-jun proteins in the rat brains of the M group. Compared with the M group, the expression level of the c-fos and c-jun proteins was lower in the rat brains of the XI and PI groups (p < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between the XI and PI groups (p > 0.05). The number of positive cells in the rat brains of the XP group was even smaller than that of the XI or PI groups. Conclusion: The antiepileptic effect of the XNJ injection on the rat KME is probably related to its interruption function on the expression of the c-fos and c-jun proteins in rat brains.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"44 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rotigotine, a nonergot dopamine agonist, has been developed as a novel transdermal formulation. The rotigotine transdermal patch has received EMA and FDA marketing authorization for the treatment of adult patients with early or advanced Parkinson's disease or with moderate-to-severe restless legs syndrome (RLS). This review comprises an overview of the pharmacokinetics, the pharmacodynamics and the clinical efficacy and safety of the rotigotine transdermal patch for RLS. Its source material was identified by a PubMed search for the terms ‘rotigotine' and ‘RLS'. The rotigotine transdermal patch demonstrates clinical efficacy alongside a good tolerability profile. Application site reactions were the most frequent adverse events, and they were considered mild to moderate in the majority of cases. In summary, the rotigotine transdermal patch offers a safe and efficacious alternative for the treatment of RLS. Further studies should focus on the possibility that continuous dopamine stimulation by means of transdermal patches might have an influence on RLS augmentation rates.
{"title":"Rotigotine Transdermal Patch for the Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome","authors":"P. Ratti, M. V. Rey, O. Rascol, S. Pérez-Lloret","doi":"10.1159/000362629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362629","url":null,"abstract":"Rotigotine, a nonergot dopamine agonist, has been developed as a novel transdermal formulation. The rotigotine transdermal patch has received EMA and FDA marketing authorization for the treatment of adult patients with early or advanced Parkinson's disease or with moderate-to-severe restless legs syndrome (RLS). This review comprises an overview of the pharmacokinetics, the pharmacodynamics and the clinical efficacy and safety of the rotigotine transdermal patch for RLS. Its source material was identified by a PubMed search for the terms ‘rotigotine' and ‘RLS'. The rotigotine transdermal patch demonstrates clinical efficacy alongside a good tolerability profile. Application site reactions were the most frequent adverse events, and they were considered mild to moderate in the majority of cases. In summary, the rotigotine transdermal patch offers a safe and efficacious alternative for the treatment of RLS. Further studies should focus on the possibility that continuous dopamine stimulation by means of transdermal patches might have an influence on RLS augmentation rates.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"32 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexis Bouttemy, Osvaldo Ruiter Faria Filho, J. D. Adams, T. Williams
Adenostoma fasciculatum is used traditionally to treat skin conditions such as eczema. The plant was found to contain monoterpenoids, including hydroquinone and geranial. Other terpenoids were found, including the triterpenoids 7α-hydroxybaruol and glutinol, the diterpenoids thalianol and thaliandiol as well as the steroids suberosol and campesterol. The new compound, 7α-hydroxybaruol, was further analyzed by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging, 13C NMR and high-resolution high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. A balm was made from the plant with olive oil and bees wax. Several patients tried the balm and reported improvements in Adams disease, eczema symptoms and seborrhea within 1 week.
{"title":"Adenostoma fasciculatum, California Chamise: Chemistry and Use in Skin Conditions","authors":"Alexis Bouttemy, Osvaldo Ruiter Faria Filho, J. D. Adams, T. Williams","doi":"10.1159/000362630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362630","url":null,"abstract":"Adenostoma fasciculatum is used traditionally to treat skin conditions such as eczema. The plant was found to contain monoterpenoids, including hydroquinone and geranial. Other terpenoids were found, including the triterpenoids 7α-hydroxybaruol and glutinol, the diterpenoids thalianol and thaliandiol as well as the steroids suberosol and campesterol. The new compound, 7α-hydroxybaruol, was further analyzed by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging, 13C NMR and high-resolution high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. A balm was made from the plant with olive oil and bees wax. Several patients tried the balm and reported improvements in Adams disease, eczema symptoms and seborrhea within 1 week.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"25 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary purpose of the study was to examine the ability of thin aluminum and copper bands to treat difficulties in moving, such as walking, standing and sitting, due to waist pain. The mechanism behind this therapy is a very weak nanoscale electrical stimulation caused by the electric current flow between aluminum and copper due to a difference in ionization tendency and electronegativity. The bands were firmly attached at the specified area, which was carefully selected based on the nerve connection of the human body. Prompt improvement in those having moving difficulties could be observed. More clinical trials are being conducted to analyze the rapid effect of nanoelectric current on the treatment of pain.
{"title":"Rapid Treatment of Waist Pain by Nanoscale Electric Stimulation","authors":"Jaehwi Lee, Jae-Youl Cho, K. Kim","doi":"10.1159/000362634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362634","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of the study was to examine the ability of thin aluminum and copper bands to treat difficulties in moving, such as walking, standing and sitting, due to waist pain. The mechanism behind this therapy is a very weak nanoscale electrical stimulation caused by the electric current flow between aluminum and copper due to a difference in ionization tendency and electronegativity. The bands were firmly attached at the specified area, which was carefully selected based on the nerve connection of the human body. Prompt improvement in those having moving difficulties could be observed. More clinical trials are being conducted to analyze the rapid effect of nanoelectric current on the treatment of pain.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"27 1","pages":"19 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent progress suggests that neural stem/progenitor cells can potentially develop into new functional neurons in adult brain, offering hope for regeneration therapies for stroke treatment. Targeting adult neurogenesis becomes a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for brain repair and recovery of neurological functions. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history with accumulated experiences and case reports using herbal formulas to treat stroke disability. The combination of Chinese herbal medicine and stem cell biology approaches provides great potential for post-stroke rehabilitations. In the last decade, large efforts have been made to investigate the molecular targets for the regulation of adult neurogenesis and to explore the active compounds and molecular targets of herbal medicine for regeneration therapy. Herein, we reviewed the current progress concerning the molecular targets and cellular signaling pathways involved in adult neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia. We then briefly introduced Chinese medical theory and herbs for stroke treatment in TCM. Finally, we reviewed the current knowledge about the effects of Chinese herbal formulas, active fractions and active compounds on promoting adult neurogenesis as well as their molecular targets. Although the precise mechanisms and molecular targets of herbal medicine for neurogenesis are still unclear, current progress at least provides a cue for exploring the therapeutic principles of Chinese herbal medicine and developing new drugs for brain repair after stroke.
{"title":"Targeting Neurogenesis: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Post-Stroke Treatment with Chinese Herbal Medicine","authors":"Jiangang Shen, Xing-miao Chen, X. Chen, R. Deng","doi":"10.1159/000362638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362638","url":null,"abstract":"Recent progress suggests that neural stem/progenitor cells can potentially develop into new functional neurons in adult brain, offering hope for regeneration therapies for stroke treatment. Targeting adult neurogenesis becomes a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for brain repair and recovery of neurological functions. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history with accumulated experiences and case reports using herbal formulas to treat stroke disability. The combination of Chinese herbal medicine and stem cell biology approaches provides great potential for post-stroke rehabilitations. In the last decade, large efforts have been made to investigate the molecular targets for the regulation of adult neurogenesis and to explore the active compounds and molecular targets of herbal medicine for regeneration therapy. Herein, we reviewed the current progress concerning the molecular targets and cellular signaling pathways involved in adult neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia. We then briefly introduced Chinese medical theory and herbs for stroke treatment in TCM. Finally, we reviewed the current knowledge about the effects of Chinese herbal formulas, active fractions and active compounds on promoting adult neurogenesis as well as their molecular targets. Although the precise mechanisms and molecular targets of herbal medicine for neurogenesis are still unclear, current progress at least provides a cue for exploring the therapeutic principles of Chinese herbal medicine and developing new drugs for brain repair after stroke.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"5 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362638","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most Western medicines are synthetic chemical products that come with side effects for patients, and therefore, our modern medical system needs to be optimized. A new concept called integrative medicine represents a more comprehensive system for understanding our body in a holistic fashion in terms of analyzing, evaluating and treating complex diseases successfully. Integrative medicine may be the combination of Western medicine and complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) [1] in the United States and Europe, and in China, it might consist of integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine [2] .
{"title":"Inclusion of Integrative Medicine in Clinical Practice","authors":"Weidong Pan, Hua Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000362628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000362628","url":null,"abstract":"Most Western medicines are synthetic chemical products that come with side effects for patients, and therefore, our modern medical system needs to be optimized. A new concept called integrative medicine represents a more comprehensive system for understanding our body in a holistic fashion in terms of analyzing, evaluating and treating complex diseases successfully. Integrative medicine may be the combination of Western medicine and complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) [1] in the United States and Europe, and in China, it might consist of integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine [2] .","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000362628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64718132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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