Tao Yang, Xiyuan Zheng, F. Xing, Hua Zhuo, Cheng-hai Liu
Chronic hepatitis B is a common and frequently encountered disease in our country, the final outcome of which develops into liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. It was the aim of this study to provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of liver cirrhosis. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) is used to analyze endogenous bioactive substance change in healthy controls and patients with liver cirrhotic ascites. A metabolic fingerprint spectrum was established for the analysis. The results show that metabolic profiling of the serum indicates significant differences between the controls and the patients. Except for the tyrosine content which was decreased in the serum, the other 12 amino acids and 8 conjugated bile acids were significantly increased compared to controls (p < 0.01). Additionally, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) of serum were significantly decreased in the patients with liver cirrhotic ascites. In conclusion, the lysophosphatidylcholines C18:0, C18:2 and C16:1 are potential biomarkers. Moreover, the bile acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and 5-HT as well as 5-HIAA metabolites are significantly changed in patients with cirrhotic ascites. These endogenous metabolites are potential biomarkers used for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
{"title":"Serum Metabolomic Characteristics of Patients with Liver Cirrhotic Ascites","authors":"Tao Yang, Xiyuan Zheng, F. Xing, Hua Zhuo, Cheng-hai Liu","doi":"10.1159/000370242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000370242","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic hepatitis B is a common and frequently encountered disease in our country, the final outcome of which develops into liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. It was the aim of this study to provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of liver cirrhosis. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) is used to analyze endogenous bioactive substance change in healthy controls and patients with liver cirrhotic ascites. A metabolic fingerprint spectrum was established for the analysis. The results show that metabolic profiling of the serum indicates significant differences between the controls and the patients. Except for the tyrosine content which was decreased in the serum, the other 12 amino acids and 8 conjugated bile acids were significantly increased compared to controls (p < 0.01). Additionally, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) of serum were significantly decreased in the patients with liver cirrhotic ascites. In conclusion, the lysophosphatidylcholines C18:0, C18:2 and C16:1 are potential biomarkers. Moreover, the bile acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and 5-HT as well as 5-HIAA metabolites are significantly changed in patients with cirrhotic ascites. These endogenous metabolites are potential biomarkers used for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"136 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000370242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64761587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Drucaroff, A. Ramirez, R. Sanchez, D. Cardinali, S. Pérez-Lloret
Background: Nocturnal hypertension, male gender, age and arterial stiffness are important risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess arterial stiffness in nocturnal hypertensive or normotensive men and women >40 years of age. Methods: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in 144 men and 137 women. Eighty-eight subjects were between 40 and 49 years old (53% men), 98 were between 50 and 59 years old (55% men) and 95 were >60 years old (45% men). They were classified as nocturnal hypertensive if their average night systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure was >120/70 mm/Hg. Arterial stiffness was assessed by the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index (AASI), which is calculated as 1 minus the slope of diastolic on systolic blood pressure during the 24-hour recording period. Results were analyzed by analysis of covariance and were adjusted for 24-hour mean arterial pressure, the presence of antihypertensive treatment, height and heart rate. Results: Women showed a higher AASI compared to men, independently of age. In men, the AASI increased with age, being higher in nocturnal hypertensive than in nocturnal normotensive subjects, independently of age. Nocturnal hypertensive women showed higher AASI values than their respective nocturnal normotensive controls in the 50- to 59-year and >60-year age groups only. Conclusion: The results show that arterial stiffness is higher among nocturnal hypertensive subjects, especially in women >50 years old.
{"title":"Assessment of Arterial Stiffness by 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Nocturnal Hypertensive or Normotensive Subjects","authors":"L. Drucaroff, A. Ramirez, R. Sanchez, D. Cardinali, S. Pérez-Lloret","doi":"10.1159/000370241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000370241","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nocturnal hypertension, male gender, age and arterial stiffness are important risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess arterial stiffness in nocturnal hypertensive or normotensive men and women >40 years of age. Methods: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in 144 men and 137 women. Eighty-eight subjects were between 40 and 49 years old (53% men), 98 were between 50 and 59 years old (55% men) and 95 were >60 years old (45% men). They were classified as nocturnal hypertensive if their average night systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure was >120/70 mm/Hg. Arterial stiffness was assessed by the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index (AASI), which is calculated as 1 minus the slope of diastolic on systolic blood pressure during the 24-hour recording period. Results were analyzed by analysis of covariance and were adjusted for 24-hour mean arterial pressure, the presence of antihypertensive treatment, height and heart rate. Results: Women showed a higher AASI compared to men, independently of age. In men, the AASI increased with age, being higher in nocturnal hypertensive than in nocturnal normotensive subjects, independently of age. Nocturnal hypertensive women showed higher AASI values than their respective nocturnal normotensive controls in the 50- to 59-year and >60-year age groups only. Conclusion: The results show that arterial stiffness is higher among nocturnal hypertensive subjects, especially in women >50 years old.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"130 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000370241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64761860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"Dingfang Cai, G. Litscher, Weidong Pan","doi":"10.1159/000375134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000375134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64770422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a common adult-onset nervous system degenerative disease, characterized by the progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons. TDP-43 pathology in motor neurons is a hallmark of ALS. In addition, the reduced expression of an RNA-editing enzyme, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2), increases the expression of GluA2 at an unedited glutamine/arginine (Q/R) site in the motor neurons of patients with sporadic ALS. The change in the amino acid residue at the Q/R site of GluR2 results in marked alterations in channel properties of AMPA receptors, which increases Ca2+ permeability, and this increase in Ca2+ influx plays a key role in the death of motor neurons. ADAR2 mRNA is a target RNA for TDP-43, and TDP-43 plays a regulatory role in the expression of ADAR2. Recently, researchers have explored the possibility of gene therapy for ALS by upregulating ADAR2 in mouse motor neurons using an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector that enables gene delivery to a wide array of central neurons after peripheral administration and observed that the expression of exogenous ADAR2 in the central neurons effectively prevented progressive motor dysfunction. AAV9-ADAR2 rescued the motor neurons from death by normalizing TDP-43 expression. Therefore, this AAV9-mediated ADAR2 gene delivery may enable the development of a gene therapy for ALS. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
{"title":"Exploration of the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis from the Perspective of Motor Neuron TDP-43 Protein Expression and ADAR2 Activity","authors":"Yu Song, Weidong Pan","doi":"10.1159/000368927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000368927","url":null,"abstract":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a common adult-onset nervous system degenerative disease, characterized by the progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons. TDP-43 pathology in motor neurons is a hallmark of ALS. In addition, the reduced expression of an RNA-editing enzyme, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 (ADAR2), increases the expression of GluA2 at an unedited glutamine/arginine (Q/R) site in the motor neurons of patients with sporadic ALS. The change in the amino acid residue at the Q/R site of GluR2 results in marked alterations in channel properties of AMPA receptors, which increases Ca2+ permeability, and this increase in Ca2+ influx plays a key role in the death of motor neurons. ADAR2 mRNA is a target RNA for TDP-43, and TDP-43 plays a regulatory role in the expression of ADAR2. Recently, researchers have explored the possibility of gene therapy for ALS by upregulating ADAR2 in mouse motor neurons using an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector that enables gene delivery to a wide array of central neurons after peripheral administration and observed that the expression of exogenous ADAR2 in the central neurons effectively prevented progressive motor dysfunction. AAV9-ADAR2 rescued the motor neurons from death by normalizing TDP-43 expression. Therefore, this AAV9-mediated ADAR2 gene delivery may enable the development of a gene therapy for ALS. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"119 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000368927","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64751043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
If a person has a bigger face, is he or she less prone to suffer from cognitive disorders than a person with a smaller face? Is this possible? If someone has a higher education and higher income, are they less likely to suffer from cognitive disorders than others. Is this possible, too? The answer to both questions is: yes, it is possible [1, 2] .We can observe many cases around us in which a very heavy smoker does not get lung cancer even though he or she may have had chronic lung injury for a long time. On the other hand, someone may only smoke a little or once in a while but may get lung cancer. People of the same family and nationality, in the same environment, eating the same food and even of the same age and with the same habits often have different disease morbidities. What is the reason?The ability to resist morbidity is termed integrative reserve. For example, two people can have the same degree of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, but one can appear much more demented than the other. The idea behind cognitive reserve is that the brain actively attempts to compensate for pathology. Some people are able to compensate better, for example, by using more efficient brain networks or alternate networks, and may be able to function normally despite the pathology. People with more neurons might be able to lose more of them before showing a clinical deficit [3] .Integrative reserve is not resistibility and immunity, it is reserve ability or capacity. Nation-ality, gender, area, smoking, lifestyle, vascular risk factors, aging, physical activity, weight, income and even education level might be reserve factors of disease morbidities. If something can influence the reserve ability, it can be considered a reserve factor. If our body is infected or injured by pathogenic factors, pathological changes will occur, but sometimes we do not become ill immediately. With the development of pathogenic factors, differences in reserve ability decide whether we will suffer from these diseases or not. Based on many reserve factors, we have different morbidity thresholds, and the buffering capacity is the integrative reserve.Other systems, not only cognitive disorders, also have a reserve, and our body has many types of reserves. Heart failure reserve has been studied in heart rate variability research; if a subject has a 1/f-type temporal scaling heart rate, he or she has a stronger reserve to delay
{"title":"Integrative Reserve and Integrative Medicine","authors":"Weidong Pan","doi":"10.1159/000369252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000369252","url":null,"abstract":"If a person has a bigger face, is he or she less prone to suffer from cognitive disorders than a person with a smaller face? Is this possible? If someone has a higher education and higher income, are they less likely to suffer from cognitive disorders than others. Is this possible, too? The answer to both questions is: yes, it is possible [1, 2] .We can observe many cases around us in which a very heavy smoker does not get lung cancer even though he or she may have had chronic lung injury for a long time. On the other hand, someone may only smoke a little or once in a while but may get lung cancer. People of the same family and nationality, in the same environment, eating the same food and even of the same age and with the same habits often have different disease morbidities. What is the reason?The ability to resist morbidity is termed integrative reserve. For example, two people can have the same degree of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, but one can appear much more demented than the other. The idea behind cognitive reserve is that the brain actively attempts to compensate for pathology. Some people are able to compensate better, for example, by using more efficient brain networks or alternate networks, and may be able to function normally despite the pathology. People with more neurons might be able to lose more of them before showing a clinical deficit [3] .Integrative reserve is not resistibility and immunity, it is reserve ability or capacity. Nation-ality, gender, area, smoking, lifestyle, vascular risk factors, aging, physical activity, weight, income and even education level might be reserve factors of disease morbidities. If something can influence the reserve ability, it can be considered a reserve factor. If our body is infected or injured by pathogenic factors, pathological changes will occur, but sometimes we do not become ill immediately. With the development of pathogenic factors, differences in reserve ability decide whether we will suffer from these diseases or not. Based on many reserve factors, we have different morbidity thresholds, and the buffering capacity is the integrative reserve.Other systems, not only cognitive disorders, also have a reserve, and our body has many types of reserves. Heart failure reserve has been studied in heart rate variability research; if a subject has a 1/f-type temporal scaling heart rate, he or she has a stronger reserve to delay","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"127 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000369252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64751634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Polar bodies degenerate on the first day of embryonic life, and there is no known or specific role for them in the human embryo yet. However, it is not logical to have useless cells. Our previous reports indicated a role for the primo vascular system (PVS) in human beings. There is a possible link between polar bodies and the PVS in embryonic life. Methods: The following databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles in English: Cochrane Collaboration, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Age line, and Social Services Abstracts. Our search included the following key words individually or in combination: alternative medicine(s), integrated medicine, holistic care, complementary alternative medicine, embryology, traditional Chinese medicine, traditional medicine, PVS, Bong Han duct in relation to polar bodies. Results: There are no reports relating polar bodies to our keywords. Conclusion: The PVS has been suggested to be responsible for embryonic development. This system contains some pluripotent cells and proteins, some of which are not even present in the blood circulation in chicken embryos. The system becomes only visible after staining with trypan blue. Accordingly, this report tries to present the PVS as the ruler of embryonic cell division and development, which regulates all complicated events during that period of life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting that embryonic development is controlled via the PVS, which originates from polar bodies. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
背景:极体在胚胎生命的第一天发生简并，目前还不知道它们在人类胚胎中的具体作用。然而，拥有无用的细胞是不合逻辑的。我们以前的报道表明，在人类的首要血管系统(PVS)的作用。极体和胚胎生命中的PVS之间可能存在联系。方法:检索同行评议文章的英文数据库:Cochrane Collaboration、PubMed、MEDLINE、CINAHL、AMED、Age line和Social Services Abstracts。我们的搜索包括以下关键词单独或组合:替代医学，综合医学，整体护理，补充替代医学，胚胎学，中医，传统医学，PVS，与极体相关的奉汉管。结果:未见与关键词相关的极体报道。结论:PVS与胚胎发育有关。该系统包含一些多能细胞和蛋白质，其中一些甚至不存在于鸡胚胎的血液循环中。该系统只有在台盼蓝染色后才可见。因此，本报告试图将PVS描述为胚胎细胞分裂和发育的统治者，它调节着生命中所有复杂的事件。据我们所知，这是第一个表明胚胎发育是通过PVS控制的报告，它起源于极体。i 2014 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
{"title":"Does the Primo Vascular System Originate from the Polar Body","authors":"M. Avijgan, M. Avijgan","doi":"10.1159/000368650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000368650","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Polar bodies degenerate on the first day of embryonic life, and there is no known or specific role for them in the human embryo yet. However, it is not logical to have useless cells. Our previous reports indicated a role for the primo vascular system (PVS) in human beings. There is a possible link between polar bodies and the PVS in embryonic life. Methods: The following databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles in English: Cochrane Collaboration, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Age line, and Social Services Abstracts. Our search included the following key words individually or in combination: alternative medicine(s), integrated medicine, holistic care, complementary alternative medicine, embryology, traditional Chinese medicine, traditional medicine, PVS, Bong Han duct in relation to polar bodies. Results: There are no reports relating polar bodies to our keywords. Conclusion: The PVS has been suggested to be responsible for embryonic development. This system contains some pluripotent cells and proteins, some of which are not even present in the blood circulation in chicken embryos. The system becomes only visible after staining with trypan blue. Accordingly, this report tries to present the PVS as the ruler of embryonic cell division and development, which regulates all complicated events during that period of life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting that embryonic development is controlled via the PVS, which originates from polar bodies. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"108 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000368650","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64748057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangjun Wang, D. Litscher, Yu-ying Tian, Ingrid Gaischek, Shuyong Jia, Lu Wang, Weibo Zhang, G. Litscher
Background: In the Yellow Emperor Neijing, it is stated that ‘if someone has a disease related with the left side, the treatment point is on the right side, and vice versa' [Unschuld PU: Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen, 2003], which emphasizes that specific lateral-side acupoint stimulation might lead to therapeutic advantages under specific conditions. Methods: We summarize the different effects resulting from namesake acupoint stimulation referred to as acupoint laterality. In this short review, the evidence of acupoint lateralization from Neiguan (PC6), Hegu (LI4), and Quchi (LI11) is discussed. Results and Conclusion: Investigations indicate that acupuncture at the contralateral side of PC6 has different effects on heart rate variability (HRV), which means that PC6 has laterality. However, such a difference in HRV could not be observed when the same stimulation was applied to both sides of LI4, although the difference in blood perfusion distribution was confirmed exactly. Considering the results from PC6, we hypothesize that acupoint laterality might be related to acupoint specificity. Although the evidence is not clear, our results indicate that in patients with hypertension, different-side LI11 stimulation can also produce different results, which might indicate that acupoint laterality is associated with the functional state of subjects. The perspective of acupoint lateralization is also preliminarily discussed in this review. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
背景:《黄帝内经》中有“左发病者，治穴在右，反之亦然”的说法[Unschuld PU:黄帝内经苏文，2003]，强调在特定情况下，特定的外侧穴位刺激可能会产生治疗优势。方法:我们总结了同名穴位刺激引起的不同效果，称为穴位侧边。本文将从内关(PC6)、合谷(LI4)和曲池(LI11)等地对穴位侧化的证据进行综述。结果与结论:针刺PC6对侧对心率变异性(HRV)有不同程度的影响，说明PC6具有偏侧性。然而，当同样的刺激作用于LI4的两侧时，虽然血液灌注分布的差异得到了准确的证实，但并没有观察到这种HRV的差异。考虑到PC6的结果，我们假设穴位偏侧可能与穴位特异性有关。虽然证据尚不清楚，但我们的研究结果表明，在高血压患者中，不同侧的LI11刺激也会产生不同的结果，这可能表明穴位偏侧性与受试者的功能状态有关。本文还对穴位侧化的前景进行了初步探讨。i 2014 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
{"title":"Acupuncture Point Laterality: Evidence and Perspective","authors":"Guangjun Wang, D. Litscher, Yu-ying Tian, Ingrid Gaischek, Shuyong Jia, Lu Wang, Weibo Zhang, G. Litscher","doi":"10.1159/000368926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000368926","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the Yellow Emperor Neijing, it is stated that ‘if someone has a disease related with the left side, the treatment point is on the right side, and vice versa' [Unschuld PU: Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen, 2003], which emphasizes that specific lateral-side acupoint stimulation might lead to therapeutic advantages under specific conditions. Methods: We summarize the different effects resulting from namesake acupoint stimulation referred to as acupoint laterality. In this short review, the evidence of acupoint lateralization from Neiguan (PC6), Hegu (LI4), and Quchi (LI11) is discussed. Results and Conclusion: Investigations indicate that acupuncture at the contralateral side of PC6 has different effects on heart rate variability (HRV), which means that PC6 has laterality. However, such a difference in HRV could not be observed when the same stimulation was applied to both sides of LI4, although the difference in blood perfusion distribution was confirmed exactly. Considering the results from PC6, we hypothesize that acupoint laterality might be related to acupoint specificity. Although the evidence is not clear, our results indicate that in patients with hypertension, different-side LI11 stimulation can also produce different results, which might indicate that acupoint laterality is associated with the functional state of subjects. The perspective of acupoint lateralization is also preliminarily discussed in this review. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"102 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000368926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64750533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aims: Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) may be more distressing than that in other nonmotor disabilities. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence and identify the epidemiological characteristics of PD-related pain among patients with idiopathic PD in Shanghai, China. Methods: A total of 1,058 patients with definite idiopathic PD were investigated using a structure questionnaire in 12 hospitals in Shanghai. The severity of their motor disorders, antiparkinson treatments, and pain-related observations, such as time points for the onset of pain, duration and degree, body localization, external influences, and treatments for pain, were collected for analysis. Results: Approximately 28% (296 subjects) of all PD patients suffered from PD-related pain. Female patients with pain had a higher age level, were older at PD onset, had a higher frequency of pain, a higher frequency of pain before the onset of PD symptoms, a longer duration of pain, and a higher incidence of pain in the early stage compared to male patients. Larger levodopa-equivalent doses, higher frequencies of sleep disorders and/or motor fluctuation, and/or dyskinesia were found in patients with pain compared to patients without pain. The most frequent pain type was musculoskeletal pain followed by dystonia. The male group had a much shorter pain duration than the female group. The patients experienced more pain before taking antiparkinson drugs compared to after treatment. Conclusion: Chronic PD-related pain is a frequent complaint and complex in PD. The challenge of managing pain in PD patients will hopefully someday result in specific and effective treatment strategies. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
背景/目的:帕金森病(PD)患者的疼痛可能比其他非运动障碍患者更痛苦。本研究的目的是评估中国上海特发性PD患者中PD相关疼痛的患病率和流行病学特征。方法:采用结构化问卷对上海市12家医院1058例明确特发性PD患者进行调查。收集他们的运动障碍的严重程度、抗帕金森治疗和疼痛相关的观察结果，如疼痛发作的时间点、持续时间和程度、身体定位、外部影响和疼痛治疗。结果:大约28%(296名受试者)的PD患者遭受PD相关疼痛。与男性患者相比，女性疼痛患者的年龄水平更高，PD发病时年龄较大，疼痛频率更高，PD症状出现前疼痛频率更高，疼痛持续时间更长，早期疼痛发生率更高。与无疼痛的患者相比，疼痛患者的左旋多巴当量剂量更大，睡眠障碍和/或运动波动的频率更高，和/或运动障碍的频率更高。最常见的疼痛类型是肌肉骨骼疼痛，其次是肌张力障碍。男性组的疼痛持续时间比女性组短得多。与治疗后相比，患者在服用抗帕金森药物前经历了更多的疼痛。结论:慢性PD相关疼痛是PD患者的常见病和并发症。控制PD患者疼痛的挑战有望在某一天产生具体有效的治疗策略。i 2014 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
{"title":"Clinical Study on Chronic Pain in Parkinson's Disease Patients in Shanghai, China","authors":"Weidong Pan, Jun Liu, Quidong Wang, Hua Lu, Yu Bai, Yi Liu, Xiangjun Chen, Wentao Li, Wenwei Li, Yu Song, Hengcang Wang, Yuncheng Wu, Meng Xu, Hua Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000367806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000367806","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aims: Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) may be more distressing than that in other nonmotor disabilities. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence and identify the epidemiological characteristics of PD-related pain among patients with idiopathic PD in Shanghai, China. Methods: A total of 1,058 patients with definite idiopathic PD were investigated using a structure questionnaire in 12 hospitals in Shanghai. The severity of their motor disorders, antiparkinson treatments, and pain-related observations, such as time points for the onset of pain, duration and degree, body localization, external influences, and treatments for pain, were collected for analysis. Results: Approximately 28% (296 subjects) of all PD patients suffered from PD-related pain. Female patients with pain had a higher age level, were older at PD onset, had a higher frequency of pain, a higher frequency of pain before the onset of PD symptoms, a longer duration of pain, and a higher incidence of pain in the early stage compared to male patients. Larger levodopa-equivalent doses, higher frequencies of sleep disorders and/or motor fluctuation, and/or dyskinesia were found in patients with pain compared to patients without pain. The most frequent pain type was musculoskeletal pain followed by dystonia. The male group had a much shorter pain duration than the female group. The patients experienced more pain before taking antiparkinson drugs compared to after treatment. Conclusion: Chronic PD-related pain is a frequent complaint and complex in PD. The challenge of managing pain in PD patients will hopefully someday result in specific and effective treatment strategies. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"93 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000367806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64741700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kondo, K. Yoshimasu, S. Tokunaga, H. Sugahara, Y. Kanemitsu, C. Kubo
Background: Since, to our knowledge, there is no report on age-related changes in the patterns associated with anxiety and mood disorders, a large-size case-control study was conducted. Methods: A total of 914 new cases were assessed at a psychosomatic clinic of a tertiary medical care center. The severity of visceral patterns was analyzed according to the main symptoms described and a comprehensive questionnaire. Patterns of the liver (three), heart (four), and kidney (one) as well as dual deficiency of the heart and spleen were assessed. Results: In females under 40 years of age, liver qi depression and phlegm fire harassing the heart were associated with generalized anxiety disorder. Liver fire flaming upward was associated with all forms of anxiety disorders in this group. Phlegm fire harassing the heart was associated with depression and all forms of mood disorders in females over 40 years of age, while it was inversely associated in males over 40 years of age. Conclusion: The order of the traditional Chinese patterns resulting in anxiety or mood disorders was consistent with the development of liver qi depression into liver fire flaming upward or phlegm fire harassing the heart according to the traditional Chinese theory. The patterns associated with depression and all forms of mood disorders vary according to age and sex.
{"title":"Age-Related Changes in Visceral Patterns Associated with Anxiety Disorders or Depression according to Traditional Chinese Medicine","authors":"T. Kondo, K. Yoshimasu, S. Tokunaga, H. Sugahara, Y. Kanemitsu, C. Kubo","doi":"10.1159/000366558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000366558","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since, to our knowledge, there is no report on age-related changes in the patterns associated with anxiety and mood disorders, a large-size case-control study was conducted. Methods: A total of 914 new cases were assessed at a psychosomatic clinic of a tertiary medical care center. The severity of visceral patterns was analyzed according to the main symptoms described and a comprehensive questionnaire. Patterns of the liver (three), heart (four), and kidney (one) as well as dual deficiency of the heart and spleen were assessed. Results: In females under 40 years of age, liver qi depression and phlegm fire harassing the heart were associated with generalized anxiety disorder. Liver fire flaming upward was associated with all forms of anxiety disorders in this group. Phlegm fire harassing the heart was associated with depression and all forms of mood disorders in females over 40 years of age, while it was inversely associated in males over 40 years of age. Conclusion: The order of the traditional Chinese patterns resulting in anxiety or mood disorders was consistent with the development of liver qi depression into liver fire flaming upward or phlegm fire harassing the heart according to the traditional Chinese theory. The patterns associated with depression and all forms of mood disorders vary according to age and sex.","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"80 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000366558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64738687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The terms ‘medicine’ and ‘innovation’ have been inseparable throughout medical history. Medical knowledge has continuously been expanding, and hand in hand with it went the development of technical solutions. From the beginning, interdisciplinarity also played a major role. The latest innovations in medicine over the recent years were and still are based on integrative medicine. High-tech acupuncture is one of these crossover approaches and a very successful one at that [1] . Only last month, the 1st World Congress of High-Tech Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (HTA&IM-2014) took place in Nanjing, China ( fig. 1 ) [2] . The first in a series of Annual World Congresses [3] served as an opportunity to present and discuss the state of the art of multidisciplinary approaches to the modernization of integrative medicine, especially traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture. The future congresses will also be excellent opportunities to establish research networks and scientific communication on these interesting traditional and innovative medical topics. As mentioned above, HTA&IM-2014 was the first congress in a series of planned future conferences on the same topic. In 2015, the congress will take place in Hangzhou, China, from May 22 to 24. Several renowned top experts already agreed to participate, and we hope to establish this conference as an annual meeting point for researchers and practitioners. This is also a cordial invitation to the readers of Integrative Medicine International to become an active part of this event. Further information can be found at http://www.bitlifesciences. com/HTA&IM2015 and http://www.litscher.info. Integrative medicine is the combined use of conventional and complementary/alternative medical treatment methods, in which case the latter’s safety and efficacy have to be proven scientifically. Because of its many benefits, integrative medicine deserves to be included in daily clinical practice [4] . Received: June 6, 2014 Accepted after revision: June 24, 2014 Published online: July 25, 2014
{"title":"Innovative Integrative Medicine","authors":"G. Litscher","doi":"10.1159/000365478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000365478","url":null,"abstract":"The terms ‘medicine’ and ‘innovation’ have been inseparable throughout medical history. Medical knowledge has continuously been expanding, and hand in hand with it went the development of technical solutions. From the beginning, interdisciplinarity also played a major role. The latest innovations in medicine over the recent years were and still are based on integrative medicine. High-tech acupuncture is one of these crossover approaches and a very successful one at that [1] . Only last month, the 1st World Congress of High-Tech Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine (HTA&IM-2014) took place in Nanjing, China ( fig. 1 ) [2] . The first in a series of Annual World Congresses [3] served as an opportunity to present and discuss the state of the art of multidisciplinary approaches to the modernization of integrative medicine, especially traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture. The future congresses will also be excellent opportunities to establish research networks and scientific communication on these interesting traditional and innovative medical topics. As mentioned above, HTA&IM-2014 was the first congress in a series of planned future conferences on the same topic. In 2015, the congress will take place in Hangzhou, China, from May 22 to 24. Several renowned top experts already agreed to participate, and we hope to establish this conference as an annual meeting point for researchers and practitioners. This is also a cordial invitation to the readers of Integrative Medicine International to become an active part of this event. Further information can be found at http://www.bitlifesciences. com/HTA&IM2015 and http://www.litscher.info. Integrative medicine is the combined use of conventional and complementary/alternative medical treatment methods, in which case the latter’s safety and efficacy have to be proven scientifically. Because of its many benefits, integrative medicine deserves to be included in daily clinical practice [4] . Received: June 6, 2014 Accepted after revision: June 24, 2014 Published online: July 25, 2014","PeriodicalId":91502,"journal":{"name":"Integrative medicine international","volume":"1 1","pages":"65 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000365478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64730493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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