Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916841
Julia Shatz
Abstract: Over the thirty years of the British Mandatory government in Palestine, thousands of young people were arrested and tried as juvenile delinquents. This article explores how the parents and families of those "young offenders" confronted the logics of the colonial criminal justice system and argued for their own understandings of the law and their children's places in Palestine's social and political landscape. Studying parental petitions to the government reveals that different groups made fragmented and multidirectional claims on the category of childhood. This article argues that in interwar Palestine, childhood was the political capital through which colonial power was both constructed and contested. In doing so, this article also illuminates the roles that ordinary families and communities played in daily governance in a twentieth-century developmentalist colonial state.
{"title":"The Makings and Meanings of Childhood: Parents and the Juvenile Justice System in Interwar Palestine","authors":"Julia Shatz","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916841","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Over the thirty years of the British Mandatory government in Palestine, thousands of young people were arrested and tried as juvenile delinquents. This article explores how the parents and families of those \"young offenders\" confronted the logics of the colonial criminal justice system and argued for their own understandings of the law and their children's places in Palestine's social and political landscape. Studying parental petitions to the government reveals that different groups made fragmented and multidirectional claims on the category of childhood. This article argues that in interwar Palestine, childhood was the political capital through which colonial power was both constructed and contested. In doing so, this article also illuminates the roles that ordinary families and communities played in daily governance in a twentieth-century developmentalist colonial state.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":" 96","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916843
W. C. Johnson
Abstract: This essay explores pedagogies of abolition in the wake of World War I through the intellectual biography of Rae Spiegel, the child revolutionary who became economist, feminist, and Marxist-Humanist philosopher Raya Dunayevskaya. Anchoring her work in the tradition of nineteenth-century abolitionists, Dunayevskaya co-constructed schools of insurgency and outlets for the creative expression of subjugated peoples, including youth, for over sixty years. Offering critical and contextual readings of Dunayevskaya's archives of girlhood, this study locates the roots of her abolitionist pedagogies in Black study, cross-racial and cross-generational collaborations, and "Baby Red" revolts against schooling across two empires. It argues that Dunayevskaya deployed story, personal history, and the archive as pedagogical invitations to self-teaching and radical forms of collectivity.
{"title":"The Self-Education of Rae Spiegel (Raya Dunayevskaya): Child Radicalism and Abolitionist Pedagogies at the Crossroads of Great Migrations","authors":"W. C. Johnson","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916843","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This essay explores pedagogies of abolition in the wake of World War I through the intellectual biography of Rae Spiegel, the child revolutionary who became economist, feminist, and Marxist-Humanist philosopher Raya Dunayevskaya. Anchoring her work in the tradition of nineteenth-century abolitionists, Dunayevskaya co-constructed schools of insurgency and outlets for the creative expression of subjugated peoples, including youth, for over sixty years. Offering critical and contextual readings of Dunayevskaya's archives of girlhood, this study locates the roots of her abolitionist pedagogies in Black study, cross-racial and cross-generational collaborations, and \"Baby Red\" revolts against schooling across two empires. It argues that Dunayevskaya deployed story, personal history, and the archive as pedagogical invitations to self-teaching and radical forms of collectivity.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916847
{"title":"Haunted Dreams: Fantasies of Adolescence in Post-Soviet Culture by Jenny Kaminer (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916838
Jeffery P. Dennis
Abstract: Three facilities for housing delinquent and at-risk youth—Bridewells in England, Beterhuizen in the Netherlands, and the Hospice of St. Michael in Italy—are analyzed as sites for producing and policing middle-class masculinity during the eighteenth century. Three cardinal sins of the Enlightenment "gentlemen" are illustrated: idleness, refusing marriage, and refusing homosocial comrades. The result was a policing of same-sex behavior and placement in the homoerotic underground.
摘要：本文分析了三个收容不良少年和问题少年的机构--英国的布赖德韦尔斯（Bridewells）、荷兰的贝特惠曾（Beterhuizen）和意大利的圣米迦勒临终关怀院（Hospice of St.其中说明了启蒙运动时期 "绅士 "的三大罪状：游手好闲、拒绝婚姻和拒绝同性社交伙伴。其结果是对同性行为进行监管，并将其置于地下同性恋者的行列。
{"title":"Bridewells, Beterhuizen , and the Ozpizio : Making Men during the Age of Reason","authors":"Jeffery P. Dennis","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916838","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Three facilities for housing delinquent and at-risk youth—Bridewells in England, Beterhuizen in the Netherlands, and the Hospice of St. Michael in Italy—are analyzed as sites for producing and policing middle-class masculinity during the eighteenth century. Three cardinal sins of the Enlightenment \"gentlemen\" are illustrated: idleness, refusing marriage, and refusing homosocial comrades. The result was a policing of same-sex behavior and placement in the homoerotic underground.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916842
Patrick J. Ryan
Abstract: This article places the landmark 1986 Supreme Court of Canada decision E. (Mrs.) v. Eve within its avowedly anti-eugenic context. Then it compares the trial record and appellate documents of Eve to the notorious 1927 American case Buck v. Bell . It outlines the legal reasoning of the Eve decision, its reception, and the different trajectories of law in the US, the UK, and Australia. These multiple points of historical comparison expose a series of unresolved eugenic continuities in the politics of youth, sex, and disability. The interpretation challenges more conventional definitions, periodization, and understandings of eugenics, drawing attention to the formation of "liberal" eugenics in the late twentieth century.
{"title":"Eugenic Continuities: Youth, Sex, Disability, and the Rise of Liberal Eugenics in the Late Twentieth Century","authors":"Patrick J. Ryan","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916842","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article places the landmark 1986 Supreme Court of Canada decision E. (Mrs.) v. Eve within its avowedly anti-eugenic context. Then it compares the trial record and appellate documents of Eve to the notorious 1927 American case Buck v. Bell . It outlines the legal reasoning of the Eve decision, its reception, and the different trajectories of law in the US, the UK, and Australia. These multiple points of historical comparison expose a series of unresolved eugenic continuities in the politics of youth, sex, and disability. The interpretation challenges more conventional definitions, periodization, and understandings of eugenics, drawing attention to the formation of \"liberal\" eugenics in the late twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916844
{"title":"Jewish Child Soldiers in the Bloodlands of Europe by David M. Rosen (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916840
Thom Axelsson
Abstract: In the context of compulsory schooling in Sweden, this article discusses the shift from what was often called "the Tattare problem" to, later, "the Gypsy question." The article frames the discussion with reference to Michel Foucault and his concepts of discipline power and pastoral power. The central question addressed is how the schools dealt with students from these groups. Children, especially their care and handling, were an important focus of welfare politics in Sweden. This meant that childhood was a significant field of governance, which became obvious in schools' work with "Tattare" and "Gypsy" children. This article highlights how the tone towards these groups changed, especially in the 1940s. Over time, these students were seen as more malleable by institutions and their agents, which exerted pastoral power by guiding and leading them in order to shape the minds of these future citizens.
{"title":"From Discipline Power to Pastoral Care: \"Tattare,\" \"Gypsies,\" and Education in Sweden, 1923–1960","authors":"Thom Axelsson","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916840","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In the context of compulsory schooling in Sweden, this article discusses the shift from what was often called \"the Tattare problem\" to, later, \"the Gypsy question.\" The article frames the discussion with reference to Michel Foucault and his concepts of discipline power and pastoral power. The central question addressed is how the schools dealt with students from these groups. Children, especially their care and handling, were an important focus of welfare politics in Sweden. This meant that childhood was a significant field of governance, which became obvious in schools' work with \"Tattare\" and \"Gypsy\" children. This article highlights how the tone towards these groups changed, especially in the 1940s. Over time, these students were seen as more malleable by institutions and their agents, which exerted pastoral power by guiding and leading them in order to shape the minds of these future citizens.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":"5 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916839
Gerald Thomson
Abstract: Industrial schools were the dominant mechanisms for the social rehabilitation of wayward juveniles in North America from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century. The research concerning such schools in shaping young lives is scattered within the historiography of youth. Girls were taught domestic skills and boys were trained in trades such as agriculture. Forced labor was not punishment but seen as moral uplift for troubled youth. This article studies the British Columbia Boy's Industrial School from 1919 to 1934 under David Blackwood Brankin, whose "honor system" combined discipline, strict work routines, regimented leisure, and a minimum of compulsory schooling. Brankin's court missionary work in Great Britain and military career shaped his vision of juvenile social rehabilitation until his retirement in 1934. His replacement was an educator trained in psychology and mental hygiene methods of youth reclamation.
{"title":"\"We Are Making Good under the Honor System\": The Social Rehabilitation of Juvenile Males through Militarism, Moral Reform, and Enforced Work Routines at the British Columbia Boy's Industrial School, 1919–1934","authors":"Gerald Thomson","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916839","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Industrial schools were the dominant mechanisms for the social rehabilitation of wayward juveniles in North America from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century. The research concerning such schools in shaping young lives is scattered within the historiography of youth. Girls were taught domestic skills and boys were trained in trades such as agriculture. Forced labor was not punishment but seen as moral uplift for troubled youth. This article studies the British Columbia Boy's Industrial School from 1919 to 1934 under David Blackwood Brankin, whose \"honor system\" combined discipline, strict work routines, regimented leisure, and a minimum of compulsory schooling. Brankin's court missionary work in Great Britain and military career shaped his vision of juvenile social rehabilitation until his retirement in 1934. His replacement was an educator trained in psychology and mental hygiene methods of youth reclamation.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":"89 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916845
{"title":"Tween Pop: Children's Music and Popular Culture by Tyler Bickford (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1353/hcy.2024.a916837
Adriana Benzaquén
Abstract: This article explores the fraught relationship between an English adolescent, Edward Clarke, and his father through analysis of close to two hundred letters written between 1667 and 1672, while Edward—who would grow up to be John Locke's closest friend and a Whig MP—was a student at Oxford and the Inner Temple. I focus on money and health, the two topics that preoccupied Edward and his father the most, to show how they negotiated the terms of their relationship and grappled with issues of authority, status, duty and obligation, affection, and trust as the son's condition shifted gradually from dependence toward independence.
{"title":"\"These Small Sumptomes of My Obediense\": Negotiating Father-Son Conflict through Letter-Writing in Early Modern England","authors":"Adriana Benzaquén","doi":"10.1353/hcy.2024.a916837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2024.a916837","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article explores the fraught relationship between an English adolescent, Edward Clarke, and his father through analysis of close to two hundred letters written between 1667 and 1672, while Edward—who would grow up to be John Locke's closest friend and a Whig MP—was a student at Oxford and the Inner Temple. I focus on money and health, the two topics that preoccupied Edward and his father the most, to show how they negotiated the terms of their relationship and grappled with issues of authority, status, duty and obligation, affection, and trust as the son's condition shifted gradually from dependence toward independence.","PeriodicalId":91623,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the history of childhood and youth","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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