Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31880
D. Itanyi, H. kolade-Yunusa
Background: Trauma is global health epidemic and associated head injury is a major contributor to the high mortality. This necessitates the urgent use of neuroimaging for early diagnosis and patient care. Computer Tomography CT, scan is the imaging modality of choice in emergency situations because of its image acquisition speed and ability to accurately detect fractures and intracranial bleeds. Aim: To document the CT imaging findings in head trauma patients in Abuja, Nigeria’s Federal capital. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study of findings in 319 head trauma Nigerians visiting a referral hospital in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja from January 2014-October 2016. Numerical and graphical descriptors were used to summarize the data. In all statistical tests, significance level was set at an alpha level of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.7±17 years with most between the ages of 24 – 35 years (n=99, 31.0%). More males than females participated in the study in a ratio of 5.8:1. Road traffic accident, RTA was the commonest cause occurring in 280 (87.8%) cases (male=240, female=40), especially in the third and fourth decades. Original Research Article Itanyi and Kolade-Yunusa; BJMMR, 20(6): 1-9, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31880 2 271(84.9%) had abnormal CT findings while 48(15.1%) were recorded as normal. The most prevalent abnormal findings were complex lesions (including more than one type of intracranial pathology) in 112 (35.1%) cases. Hemorrhagic contusion was the commonest intracranial lesion in 65 (21%) patients cases while extra axial cerebrospinal space heamorrhages were the least detected in 3 (0.9%) cases. There were 132 (41.4%) recorded cases of fracture with only 25(8.8%) occurring without an associated intracranial lesion. Conclusion: RTA is a major cause of head injury in the most productive age group in our environment with CT scan as an invaluable imaging tool in the investigation and management of these patients.
{"title":"Computerized Tomography Imaging Features of Head Injury in Abuja, Nigeria’s Capital","authors":"D. Itanyi, H. kolade-Yunusa","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31880","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Trauma is global health epidemic and associated head injury is a major contributor to the high mortality. This necessitates the urgent use of neuroimaging for early diagnosis and patient care. Computer Tomography CT, scan is the imaging modality of choice in emergency situations because of its image acquisition speed and ability to accurately detect fractures and intracranial bleeds. Aim: To document the CT imaging findings in head trauma patients in Abuja, Nigeria’s Federal capital. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study of findings in 319 head trauma Nigerians visiting a referral hospital in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja from January 2014-October 2016. Numerical and graphical descriptors were used to summarize the data. In all statistical tests, significance level was set at an alpha level of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.7±17 years with most between the ages of 24 – 35 years (n=99, 31.0%). More males than females participated in the study in a ratio of 5.8:1. Road traffic accident, RTA was the commonest cause occurring in 280 (87.8%) cases (male=240, female=40), especially in the third and fourth decades. Original Research Article Itanyi and Kolade-Yunusa; BJMMR, 20(6): 1-9, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31880 2 271(84.9%) had abnormal CT findings while 48(15.1%) were recorded as normal. The most prevalent abnormal findings were complex lesions (including more than one type of intracranial pathology) in 112 (35.1%) cases. Hemorrhagic contusion was the commonest intracranial lesion in 65 (21%) patients cases while extra axial cerebrospinal space heamorrhages were the least detected in 3 (0.9%) cases. There were 132 (41.4%) recorded cases of fracture with only 25(8.8%) occurring without an associated intracranial lesion. Conclusion: RTA is a major cause of head injury in the most productive age group in our environment with CT scan as an invaluable imaging tool in the investigation and management of these patients.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80320197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31790
A. Araujo, N. Lobo, S. Barbosa, E. Bandeira, F. Bandeira
Aims: This study aimed to compare the presence of atypical symptoms and signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis on longterm oral alendronate (ALN). Methodology: One hundred and eighteen postmenopausal women, 59 on oral alendronate (cases) and 59 without using bisphosphonates (controls) were evaluated using a questionnaire of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and voice changes; voice capture using the Auditory Perceptive Assessment of Voice and Acoustic Evaluation of Voice. The voice was assessed by the GRBASI Scale and the acoustic measurement of voice by VoxMetria Software. Original Research Article Araujo et al.; BJMMR, 19(12): 1-7, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31790 2 Results: The median age was 66.87 ± 7.78 years (cases 68.83 ± 7.55 and control 64.91 ± 8.01, p = 0.0073) ranging from 52 to 85 years. The median body mass index was 27.38 ± 4.63, and there was no significant difference between groups (cases 26.64 ± 4.81 and control 28.13 ± 4:46 p = 0.0833). A greater frequency of typical clinical manifestations of Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) was observed (98, 83.05%), in the case group (52; 88.14%) in the control group (46; 77.97%), but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.146). Although, there was a trend towards more esophagitis in the control group (9 / 15.25% vs 2/ 3.39%; p = 0.042), atypical symptoms of the globus pharyngeal, dysphagia, discomfort in the upper airways (UA) and odynophagia had significantly more referrals in the ALN group. The presence of voice changes (96; 81.36%), was more frequent in the cases (53; 89.83%) than in controls (43; 72.88%; p = 0.022). Conclusion: In conclusion, we found an independent association between voice disorders and gastroesophageal reflux independent of the presence of esophagitis, with the long-term use of oral alendronate.
{"title":"Chronic Oral Alendronate Use is Associated with Gastrointestinal Reflux Disease and Voice Alterations Irrespective of the Presence of Esophagitis","authors":"A. Araujo, N. Lobo, S. Barbosa, E. Bandeira, F. Bandeira","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31790","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to compare the presence of atypical symptoms and signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis on longterm oral alendronate (ALN). Methodology: One hundred and eighteen postmenopausal women, 59 on oral alendronate (cases) and 59 without using bisphosphonates (controls) were evaluated using a questionnaire of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and voice changes; voice capture using the Auditory Perceptive Assessment of Voice and Acoustic Evaluation of Voice. The voice was assessed by the GRBASI Scale and the acoustic measurement of voice by VoxMetria Software. Original Research Article Araujo et al.; BJMMR, 19(12): 1-7, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31790 2 Results: The median age was 66.87 ± 7.78 years (cases 68.83 ± 7.55 and control 64.91 ± 8.01, p = 0.0073) ranging from 52 to 85 years. The median body mass index was 27.38 ± 4.63, and there was no significant difference between groups (cases 26.64 ± 4.81 and control 28.13 ± 4:46 p = 0.0833). A greater frequency of typical clinical manifestations of Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) was observed (98, 83.05%), in the case group (52; 88.14%) in the control group (46; 77.97%), but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.146). Although, there was a trend towards more esophagitis in the control group (9 / 15.25% vs 2/ 3.39%; p = 0.042), atypical symptoms of the globus pharyngeal, dysphagia, discomfort in the upper airways (UA) and odynophagia had significantly more referrals in the ALN group. The presence of voice changes (96; 81.36%), was more frequent in the cases (53; 89.83%) than in controls (43; 72.88%; p = 0.022). Conclusion: In conclusion, we found an independent association between voice disorders and gastroesophageal reflux independent of the presence of esophagitis, with the long-term use of oral alendronate.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80618641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/33268
O. Oyewole, O. Odusan, O. Bodunde, L. Thanni, B. Osalusi, A. Adebanjo
Acceptance of disability status and positive attitude towards disability may be modulating factors in improving quality of life of individuals with disability. Although many studies have investigated attitudes toward disability, none has evaluated personal attitude towards disability among People With Disability (PWD) in Nigeria. This study was to investigate self-acceptance and attitude towards disability among PWD in Nigeria and to examine factors influencing their attitudes. A cross-sectional design was employed to recruit 260 PWD consecutively from out-patient clinic of a Original Research Article tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Data were collected on participants’ socio-demographic information, disability and attitude towards disability using World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule and Attitudes toward Disabled Persons Form A (ATDP-A) questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Poisson regression was applied to assess factors associated with attitudes. ATDP- A score was 92.7 ± 21.1 (ranged, 34-170) with more participants (54%) having a score ≥ 90 which indicates a positive attitude and acceptance of their disabilities. Item-by-item analysis of responses to 30 items on ATDP-A Scale showed that negative attitudes were preponderant on items relating to their emotional and competitiveness. PWD largely held positive attitude towards disability and this remained unchanged when stratified by disability severity. Factors such as educational level, mild disability, younger age, type and duration of disability were associated with positive attitude held towards disability. In conclusion , PWDs largely held positive attitude, accepted their disability status irrespective of disability severity though negative attitudes were more on items relating to their emotion and competitiveness.
{"title":"Self-acceptance and Attitude towards Disability among People with Disability Attending a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility","authors":"O. Oyewole, O. Odusan, O. Bodunde, L. Thanni, B. Osalusi, A. Adebanjo","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/33268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/33268","url":null,"abstract":"Acceptance of disability status and positive attitude towards disability may be modulating factors in improving quality of life of individuals with disability. Although many studies have investigated attitudes toward disability, none has evaluated personal attitude towards disability among People With Disability (PWD) in Nigeria. This study was to investigate self-acceptance and attitude towards disability among PWD in Nigeria and to examine factors influencing their attitudes. A cross-sectional design was employed to recruit 260 PWD consecutively from out-patient clinic of a Original Research Article tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Data were collected on participants’ socio-demographic information, disability and attitude towards disability using World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule and Attitudes toward Disabled Persons Form A (ATDP-A) questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Poisson regression was applied to assess factors associated with attitudes. ATDP- A score was 92.7 ± 21.1 (ranged, 34-170) with more participants (54%) having a score ≥ 90 which indicates a positive attitude and acceptance of their disabilities. Item-by-item analysis of responses to 30 items on ATDP-A Scale showed that negative attitudes were preponderant on items relating to their emotional and competitiveness. PWD largely held positive attitude towards disability and this remained unchanged when stratified by disability severity. Factors such as educational level, mild disability, younger age, type and duration of disability were associated with positive attitude held towards disability. In conclusion , PWDs largely held positive attitude, accepted their disability status irrespective of disability severity though negative attitudes were more on items relating to their emotion and competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83297522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/29999
N. Khorasani, M. Hosseini, M. Matbouei, S. Khafri, Parvaneh Vasli, Ali Esmaeili Vardanjani
background and Goal : Marital satisfaction is the most important component of marriage. In most studies, there is disagreement on the relationship between self – efficacy and marital satisfaction. Therefore; in this paper, it is addressed to study the relationship between self – efficacy and marital satisfaction of couples. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 354 couples referring to the community health centers of Babol in 2015. Self – efficacy level was measured using Sherer’s general self – efficacy scale, and marital satisfaction was measured using 47 – question form of Enrich’s marital satisfaction questionnaire. Using multi – variable regression analysis model and correlation test, the relationship between the self - efficacy and marital satisfaction was evaluated. Findings: Mean (standard deviation= SD) age of males was 37.26 (8.81) years and mean (SD) age of females was 35.05 (9.04) years. Most males (86.2 percent) and most females (88.7 percent) reported strong self – efficacy, and most males (52.6 percent) and 49.7 percent of females reported high marital satisfaction. According to the results of regression analysis, self – efficacy was an effective factor in marital satisfaction of couples, (P<0/05, β =0/08). Conclusion: Self – efficacy with a middle correlation value (r=0.41) is the predictor of marital satisfaction. Performing interventional studies to increase the self – efficacy and evaluation of its effect on marital satisfaction is recommended in future studies.
{"title":"The Study of Relationship between Self – efficacy and Marital Satisfaction of Couples Referring to the Community Health Centers of Babol in 2015","authors":"N. Khorasani, M. Hosseini, M. Matbouei, S. Khafri, Parvaneh Vasli, Ali Esmaeili Vardanjani","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/29999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/29999","url":null,"abstract":"background and Goal : \u0000 Marital satisfaction is the most important component of marriage. In most studies, there is disagreement on the relationship between self – efficacy and marital satisfaction. Therefore; in this paper, it is addressed to study the relationship between self – efficacy and marital satisfaction of couples. \u0000Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 354 couples referring to the community health centers of Babol in 2015. Self – efficacy level \u0000 was measured using Sherer’s general self – efficacy scale, and marital satisfaction was measured using 47 – question form of Enrich’s marital satisfaction questionnaire. Using multi – variable regression analysis model and correlation test, the relationship between the self - efficacy and marital satisfaction was evaluated. \u0000Findings: Mean (standard deviation= SD) age of males was 37.26 (8.81) years and mean (SD) age of females was 35.05 (9.04) years. Most males (86.2 \u0000 percent) and most females (88.7 percent) reported strong self – efficacy, and most males (52.6 percent) and 49.7 percent of females reported high marital satisfaction. According to the results of regression analysis, self – efficacy was an effective factor in marital satisfaction of couples, (P<0/05, \u0000β =0/08). \u0000Conclusion: \u0000 Self – efficacy with a middle correlation value (r=0.41) is the predictor of marital satisfaction. Performing interventional studies to increase the self – efficacy and evaluation of its effect on marital satisfaction is recommended in future studies.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81555978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31018
J. O'daly
Aims: To analyze the ultrastructure of internal interstitial amacrine cell, dislocated amacrine cell, ganglion cells, oligodendroglia, Müller cells, in MT2 ultramicrotome and with periodic acid for Retinal morphology revealed external interstitial amacrine cells as the most voluminous cell above inner plexiform layer. Dislocated amacrine cells described by the first time, localized at the inner plexiform layer, had clear cytoplasm, few ribosomes, few vesicles of rough endoplasmic reticulum and elongated mitochondria with clear matrix. Dark and clear amacrine piriform cells were characterized by glycogen density, and their functional contacts described. External horizontal cells, dark piriform amacrines, stellate amacrines and Müller cells exhibited the highest glycogen concentration in teleost fish retina. Conclusion: This paper is a comprehensive analysis of ultrastructure of five retinal cells, adrenergic terminals inner plexiform layer and glycogen distribution in the retina, finding one new cell, the dislocated amacrine cell and also describing the amacrine interstitial external cell the most voluminous cell in teleost retina.
{"title":"Ultrastructure of Teleost Retina II: Interstitial Amacrines, Dislocated Amacrines, Ganglion Cells, Müller Fiber, Oligodendroglia, Adrenergic Terminals, Inner Plexiform Layer, Glycogen Cytochemistry","authors":"J. O'daly","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31018","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To analyze the ultrastructure of internal interstitial amacrine cell, dislocated amacrine cell, ganglion cells, oligodendroglia, Müller cells, in MT2 ultramicrotome and with periodic acid for Retinal morphology revealed external interstitial amacrine cells as the most voluminous cell above inner plexiform layer. Dislocated amacrine cells described by the first time, localized at the inner plexiform layer, had clear cytoplasm, few ribosomes, few vesicles of rough endoplasmic reticulum and elongated mitochondria with clear matrix. Dark and clear amacrine piriform cells were characterized by glycogen density, and their functional contacts described. External horizontal cells, dark piriform amacrines, stellate amacrines and Müller cells exhibited the highest glycogen concentration in teleost fish retina. Conclusion: This paper is a comprehensive analysis of ultrastructure of five retinal cells, adrenergic terminals inner plexiform layer and glycogen distribution in the retina, finding one new cell, the dislocated amacrine cell and also describing the amacrine interstitial external cell the most voluminous cell in teleost retina.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78749766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32370
O. Akanbi, D. Onilede, M. Adeoti, O. Olakulehin, N. Idowu, O. Olanipekun
Background: Most adverse events in hospitalised patients are often preceded by documented progressive deterioration of physiological parameters without appropriate responses. Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) is a simple physiological score that was developed to aid early recognition of patient at risk of deterioration and assist in timely response especially in low and middle income countries where nurse patients ratio is low. Aim: To determine nurses’ and clinicians’ responses to abnormal vital signs and to evaluate the usefulness of MEWS in early recognition of patients at risk of adverse outcome Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study reviewed case notes of 264 patients discharged alive and 243 patients who died in Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso. The Patients’ relevant data and vital signs were gotten from case notes and were used to calculate Mean MEWS for each patient over 72 hours preceding outcome. Results: One hundred and fourteen (79.72%) of 143 patients with MEWS of above six were classified to be critically ill and managed in general wards instead of higher care unit. Mean MEWS among the patients discharged alive was statistically significantly lower than the dead patients (2.7±0.7 vs. 8.0±2.6, P <.001). Mean MEWS for pulse rate (0.2±0.63 vs. 2.1±1.0 P <.001) and respiratory rate (1.2±0.01 vs. 2.3±0.75, P <.001) were statistical significantly lower for the patients discharged alive. The main reason for calling attention of clinicians to deteriorating patients was gasping in 52.6% of cases which is a late sign. Responses of house officers when called upon to review critically ill patients were to inform registrars in 44.03% of cases. There was a mean delay of 131(±66.28) minutes between house officers’ review and consultants’ inputs. Conclusion: Our study showed poor response to patients’ abnormal vital signs and significant delay in nurses’ and clinicians’ responses and decision making process; we thus suggest use of MEWS and introduction of rapid response system to aid early recognition and activation of clinicians with core competence in management of at risk patients.
背景:住院患者的大多数不良事件通常发生在记录的生理参数进行性恶化之前，而没有适当的反应。修订早期预警评分(MEWS)是一种简单的生理评分，旨在帮助早期识别有恶化风险的患者，并帮助及时应对，特别是在护士患者比例较低的中低收入国家。目的:确定护士和临床医生对异常生命体征的反应，并评估MEWS在早期识别有不良结局风险的患者中的作用。方法:这是一项回顾性病例对照研究，回顾了Ladoke Akintola Technology University of Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso的264例存活出院患者和243例死亡患者的病例记录。患者的相关数据和生命体征从病例记录中获取，并用于计算结果前72小时每位患者的平均MEWS。结果:143例6级以上的MEWS患者中，有114例(79.72%)被归为重症，在普通病房而非高级监护病房进行管理。存活出院患者平均MEWS低于死亡患者(2.7±0.7∶8.0±2.6,P < 0.001)。存活出院患者脉搏率(0.2±0.63 vs. 2.1±1.0 P < 0.001)和呼吸率(1.2±0.01 vs. 2.3±0.75,P < 0.001)的平均MEWS均显著低于存活出院患者。病情恶化患者引起临床医生注意的主要原因是喘息，占52.6%，为晚期体征。在44.03%的个案中，院舍主任在被要求覆检危重病人时，会通知登记员。在院务人员的审查和顾问的输入之间，平均延迟了131(±66.28)分钟。结论:我们的研究表明，对患者生命体征异常的反应较差，护士和临床医生的反应和决策过程明显滞后;因此，我们建议使用MEWS和引入快速反应系统，以帮助早期识别和激活具有管理高危患者核心能力的临床医生。
{"title":"Improving Clinicians’ and Nurses’ Response to Abnormal Vital Signs in Hospital: The Roles of Modified Early Warning Scoring System and Rapid Response System","authors":"O. Akanbi, D. Onilede, M. Adeoti, O. Olakulehin, N. Idowu, O. Olanipekun","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32370","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most adverse events in hospitalised patients are often preceded by documented progressive deterioration of physiological parameters without appropriate responses. Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) is a simple physiological score that was developed to aid early recognition of patient at risk of deterioration and assist in timely response especially in low and middle income countries where nurse patients ratio is low. Aim: To determine nurses’ and clinicians’ responses to abnormal vital signs and to evaluate the usefulness of MEWS in early recognition of patients at risk of adverse outcome Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study reviewed case notes of 264 patients discharged alive and 243 patients who died in Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso. The Patients’ relevant data and vital signs were gotten from case notes and were used to calculate Mean MEWS for each patient over 72 hours preceding outcome. Results: One hundred and fourteen (79.72%) of 143 patients with MEWS of above six were classified to be critically ill and managed in general wards instead of higher care unit. Mean MEWS among the patients discharged alive was statistically significantly lower than the dead patients (2.7±0.7 vs. 8.0±2.6, P <.001). Mean MEWS for pulse rate (0.2±0.63 vs. 2.1±1.0 P <.001) and respiratory rate (1.2±0.01 vs. 2.3±0.75, P <.001) were statistical significantly lower for the patients discharged alive. The main reason for calling attention of clinicians to deteriorating patients was gasping in 52.6% of cases which is a late sign. Responses of house officers when called upon to review critically ill patients were to inform registrars in 44.03% of cases. There was a mean delay of 131(±66.28) minutes between house officers’ review and consultants’ inputs. Conclusion: Our study showed poor response to patients’ abnormal vital signs and significant delay in nurses’ and clinicians’ responses and decision making process; we thus suggest use of MEWS and introduction of rapid response system to aid early recognition and activation of clinicians with core competence in management of at risk patients.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89883524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31003
F. Y. Fouelifack, R. Metchiem, J. H. Fouedjio, R. Mbu
Aims: A viral infection is a proliferation of a harmful virus inside the body. HIV infection, viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) constitute a public health problem. They affect millions of people worldwide and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, and sometimes share common modes of transmission, among which vertical transmission. The objective of this study was to assess Original Research Article Fouelifack et al.; BJMMR, 20(1): 1-14, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31003 2 seroprevalences and associated factors of these infections among pregnant women. Study Design: We carried out a cross-sectional and analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Antenatal care clinic (ANC) of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (Cameroon) from 1st January to 30 June 2016. Methodology: We consecutively enrolled 360 women attending ANC. Blood samples were collected to screen for HIVAb, HBsAg and HCVAb through rapid diagnostic tests, and confirmed at the “Centre Pasteur” laboratory of Cameroon. Data were processed using Excel 2007, EpiData Analysis Version 3.2 and STATA version 12.0 (Texas USA 2001) softwares. Odds ratios were used to assess strength of the association between variables. Statistical significance was accepted for P value less than 0.05. Results: The mean age was 27.99 +/5.63 years, ranging from 15 and 47 years. The prevalence of HIVAb, HBsAg and HCVAb were 13.1% (n = 47), 9.4% (n = 34) and 1.7% (n = 6) respectively. We had 1.4% and 0.6% of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections respectively. Independent risk factors associated with HIV were: the level of primary study (OR: 7.97; 95% CI = 2.23 28.49; P = 0.001) and multiple sexual partners (OR: 4 79; 95% CI = 1.79 12.79, P = 0.002). Multiple sexual partners was the Independent risk factor associated with HBsAg (OR: 11.62; 95% CI = 5.057 26.731; P = <0.001). No factor was associated with HCVAb. Conclusion: Increased awareness, promotion of screening and / or treatment of infections and immunization against HBV in the general population, and in women of childbearing age in particular, would reduce their impact and therefore prevent their horizontal and vertical transmission.
目的:病毒感染是有害病毒在体内的增殖。艾滋病毒感染、病毒性乙型肝炎(HBV)和丙型肝炎(HCV)构成公共卫生问题。它们影响到全世界，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲的数百万人，有时具有共同的传播方式，其中包括垂直传播。本研究的目的是评估原始研究文章Fouelifack et al.;地球物理学报，20(1):1-14,2017;文章no.BJMMR。孕妇感染的血清患病率及相关因素。研究设计:我们进行了一项横断面分析研究。研究地点和时间:2016年1月1日至6月30日，在喀麦隆雅温得中心医院妇产科产前护理诊所(ANC)。方法:我们连续招募了360名参加ANC的女性。采集了血液样本，通过快速诊断检测筛查艾滋病毒抗体、乙肝表面抗原和丙型肝炎病毒抗体，并在喀麦隆“巴斯德中心”实验室得到确认。使用Excel 2007、EpiData Analysis Version 3.2和STATA Version 12.0 (Texas USA 2001)软件处理数据。比值比用于评估变量之间的关联强度。P值< 0.05，接受差异有统计学意义。结果:平均年龄27.99 +/5.63岁，年龄范围15 ~ 47岁。HIVAb、HBsAg和HCVAb的患病率分别为13.1% (n = 47)、9.4% (n = 34)和1.7% (n = 6)。我们分别有1.4%和0.6%的HIV/HBV和HIV/HCV合并感染。与HIV相关的独立危险因素有:初级研究水平(OR: 7.97;95% ci = 2.23 28.49;P = 0.001)和多个性伴侣(OR: 4.79;95% ci = 1.79 12.79, p = 0.002)。多个性伴侣是与HBsAg相关的独立危险因素(OR: 11.62;95% ci = 5.057 26.731;P = <0.001)。没有因素与HCVAb相关。结论:在普通人群中，特别是育龄妇女中，提高认识，促进筛查和/或治疗感染和免疫接种HBV，将减少其影响，从而防止其水平和垂直传播。
{"title":"Seroprevalences and Associated Factors of Viral Infections (HIV, Hepatitis B and C) among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at the Yaoundé Central Hospital","authors":"F. Y. Fouelifack, R. Metchiem, J. H. Fouedjio, R. Mbu","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31003","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: A viral infection is a proliferation of a harmful virus inside the body. HIV infection, viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) constitute a public health problem. They affect millions of people worldwide and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, and sometimes share common modes of transmission, among which vertical transmission. The objective of this study was to assess Original Research Article Fouelifack et al.; BJMMR, 20(1): 1-14, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31003 2 seroprevalences and associated factors of these infections among pregnant women. Study Design: We carried out a cross-sectional and analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Antenatal care clinic (ANC) of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (Cameroon) from 1st January to 30 June 2016. Methodology: We consecutively enrolled 360 women attending ANC. Blood samples were collected to screen for HIVAb, HBsAg and HCVAb through rapid diagnostic tests, and confirmed at the “Centre Pasteur” laboratory of Cameroon. Data were processed using Excel 2007, EpiData Analysis Version 3.2 and STATA version 12.0 (Texas USA 2001) softwares. Odds ratios were used to assess strength of the association between variables. Statistical significance was accepted for P value less than 0.05. Results: The mean age was 27.99 +/5.63 years, ranging from 15 and 47 years. The prevalence of HIVAb, HBsAg and HCVAb were 13.1% (n = 47), 9.4% (n = 34) and 1.7% (n = 6) respectively. We had 1.4% and 0.6% of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections respectively. Independent risk factors associated with HIV were: the level of primary study (OR: 7.97; 95% CI = 2.23 28.49; P = 0.001) and multiple sexual partners (OR: 4 79; 95% CI = 1.79 12.79, P = 0.002). Multiple sexual partners was the Independent risk factor associated with HBsAg (OR: 11.62; 95% CI = 5.057 26.731; P = <0.001). No factor was associated with HCVAb. Conclusion: Increased awareness, promotion of screening and / or treatment of infections and immunization against HBV in the general population, and in women of childbearing age in particular, would reduce their impact and therefore prevent their horizontal and vertical transmission.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"107 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86751675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31034
Panagiotis Gkrilias, E. Tsepis, K. Fousekis
Aims: To investigate the effect of hamstrings’ cooling and short-duration Cryostretching on sit and reach flexibility test (SR) performance. Study Design: Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Physical Therapy, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Western Greece, Aigio Achaias, Greece, 3 months. Methodology: Eighteen (18) healthy male (age: 21,3±4,5 yr, weight: 79,0±12,7 Kg, body fat: 14,6± 4,0%) participated in the present study. Subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups which received in a random and counterbalanced order: a) hamstrings’ cooling with cold packs for 15 minutes, b) hamstrings’ cooling and static stretching for 14 minutes and 1 minute (30’’ for each extremity), respectively and c) passive rest (control status) for 15 minutes, on three visits made. Sit and Reach (SR) test, was applied before and after each intervention to assess the hamstrings’ flexibility. Original Research Article Gkrilias et al.; BJMMR, 19(6): xxx-xxx, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31034 2 Results: Baseline Sit-and Reach results (SR 1) did not differ significantly between all 3 conditions (Cooling vs Control: 13,6±5,8 cm vs 13,8±7,1 cm P = 0,817; Cryostretching vs Control: 13,4±6,3 cm vs 13,8±7,1 cm P=0,620; Cooling vs Cryostretching: 13,6±5,8 vs 13,4±6,3 cm P=0,817). A significant improvement of hamstrings’ flexibility in SR2, was observed after hamstrings’ cooling intervention compared to corresponding values of Control (14,5±6,1 cm vs 13,2±7,0 cm P=0,026) and after cryostretching intervention compared to corresponding values of Control (14,9 ± 6,6 cm vs 13,2±7,0 cm, P=0,011). Flexibility values of hamstrings’ cooling alone compared with those after hamstrings’ cooling associated with a short bout of cryostretching (in SR 2), did not differ significantly (14,5±6,1 cm vs 14,9±6,6 cm, P= 0,502). Conclusion: Hamstrings’ cooling and cryostretching can improve performance in SR test and thus can be used as alternative methods for increasing the hamstrings’ flexibility in short term.
目的:探讨腘绳肌冷却和短时间低温拉伸对坐位柔韧性测试(SR)成绩的影响。研究设计:交叉随机临床试验。研究地点和时间:希腊Aigio achaas，西希腊技术教育学院(TEI)物理治疗系，为期3个月。方法:18(18)名健康男性(年龄:21,3±4,5岁，体重:79,0±12,7 Kg，体脂:14.6±4,0%)参与本研究。受试者被随机分为3组，按照随机和平衡的顺序接受:a)用冷敷袋冷却腿筋15分钟，b)腿筋冷却和静态拉伸分别为14分钟和1分钟(每条四肢30英寸)，c)被动休息15分钟(对照状态)，共进行3次访问。在每次干预前和干预后分别进行坐伸(SR)测试，以评估腘绳肌的柔韧性。Gkrilias et al.;生物医学工程学报，19(6):xxx-xxx, 2017;文章no.BJMMR。31034 2结果:基线坐姿和伸展结果(SR 1)在所有3种情况下没有显着差异(冷却与控制:13,6±5,8 cm vs 13,8±7,1 cm P = 0,817;低温拉伸vs对照组:13.4±6.3 cm vs 13.8±7.1 cm P=0,620;冷却vs冷冻拉伸:13.6±5,8 vs 13.4±6,3 cm P=0,817)。与对照组的相应值(14,5±6,1 cm vs 13,2±7,0 cm P=0,026)和冷冻拉伸干预后的SR2腘绳肌柔韧性与对照组的相应值(14,9±6,6 cm vs 13,2±7,0 cm, P=0,011)相比均有显著改善。单独冷却腘绳肌的柔韧性值与短时间冷冻拉伸后腘绳肌冷却的柔韧性值(SR 2)无显著差异(14,5±6,1 cm vs 14,9±6,6 cm, P= 0,502)。结论:腘绳肌冷却和冷冻拉伸可提高SR试验的表现，可作为短期内增加腘绳肌柔韧性的替代方法。
{"title":"The Effects of Hamstrings’ Cooling and Cryostretching on Sit and Reach Flexibility Test Performance in Healthy Young Adults","authors":"Panagiotis Gkrilias, E. Tsepis, K. Fousekis","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31034","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate the effect of hamstrings’ cooling and short-duration Cryostretching on sit and reach flexibility test (SR) performance. Study Design: Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Physical Therapy, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Western Greece, Aigio Achaias, Greece, 3 months. Methodology: Eighteen (18) healthy male (age: 21,3±4,5 yr, weight: 79,0±12,7 Kg, body fat: 14,6± 4,0%) participated in the present study. Subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups which received in a random and counterbalanced order: a) hamstrings’ cooling with cold packs for 15 minutes, b) hamstrings’ cooling and static stretching for 14 minutes and 1 minute (30’’ for each extremity), respectively and c) passive rest (control status) for 15 minutes, on three visits made. Sit and Reach (SR) test, was applied before and after each intervention to assess the hamstrings’ flexibility. Original Research Article Gkrilias et al.; BJMMR, 19(6): xxx-xxx, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.31034 2 Results: Baseline Sit-and Reach results (SR 1) did not differ significantly between all 3 conditions (Cooling vs Control: 13,6±5,8 cm vs 13,8±7,1 cm P = 0,817; Cryostretching vs Control: 13,4±6,3 cm vs 13,8±7,1 cm P=0,620; Cooling vs Cryostretching: 13,6±5,8 vs 13,4±6,3 cm P=0,817). A significant improvement of hamstrings’ flexibility in SR2, was observed after hamstrings’ cooling intervention compared to corresponding values of Control (14,5±6,1 cm vs 13,2±7,0 cm P=0,026) and after cryostretching intervention compared to corresponding values of Control (14,9 ± 6,6 cm vs 13,2±7,0 cm, P=0,011). Flexibility values of hamstrings’ cooling alone compared with those after hamstrings’ cooling associated with a short bout of cryostretching (in SR 2), did not differ significantly (14,5±6,1 cm vs 14,9±6,6 cm, P= 0,502). Conclusion: Hamstrings’ cooling and cryostretching can improve performance in SR test and thus can be used as alternative methods for increasing the hamstrings’ flexibility in short term.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87958225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29973
Syed Heena Kubravi, S. Qureshi, S. Nawaz, A. Nazir, Khalid Kawoosa
This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Authors SHK and STQ conceived of the study and participated in its design. Author SN participated in the design of the study. Author AN participated in the study design and coordination. Author KK performed the statistical analyses. All approved the final manuscript. Purpose: To Results: The mean age of the patients was 26.9±4.71 years (range 19 to 36 years). The study included 30(56.6%) males and 23(43.4%) females. A total of 100 eyes were operated.47 patients underwent LASIK in both eyes while only one eye was operated in 6 patients. At the end of 3 months, the mean spherical equivalent of refraction was -0.24±0.369 compared to a preoperative mean of -4.81±2.053. The preoperative central corneal thickness ranged from 442 to 590 microns with a mean of 515.7 microns ± 36.4 and endothelial cell count ranged from 2365 to 3578 cells per mm 2 with a mean of 2874.6 cells per mm 2 ± 225.14. At 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after LASIK, mean CCT was recorded as 414.5±48.5, 406.7±47.9, 411.3±48.1 and 418.3±48 respectively. No significant correlation was found between age, refractive error and mean CCT. The mean endothelial cell count was recorded as 2867.1±218.14, 2865.6±212.64, 2864.8±207.64 and 2861.3±201.48 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after LASIK. Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in central corneal thickness in the immediate postoperative period. It continued to decline till 1 week after the surgery and then increased over time in the late postoperative period. However no significant change was observed in endothelial cell counts in the postoperative period.
这项工作是所有作者合作完成的。作者SHK和STQ构思并参与了研究的设计。作者SN参与了本研究的设计。作者AN参与了研究的设计与协调。作者KK进行了统计分析。所有人都认可了最终稿。目的:结果:患者平均年龄为26.9±4.71岁(19 ~ 36岁)。男性30例(56.6%)，女性23例(43.4%)。总共手术了100只眼睛。47例患者双眼行LASIK手术，6例患者单眼行LASIK手术。3个月结束时，平均球面等效折射为-0.24±0.369，术前平均值为-4.81±2.053。术前角膜中央厚度为442 ~ 590微米，平均为515.7微米±36.4;内皮细胞计数为2365 ~ 3578个细胞/ mm 2，平均为2874.6个细胞/ mm 2±225.14。术后1天、1周、1个月、3个月的平均CCT分别为414.5±48.5、406.7±47.9、411.3±48.1、418.3±48。年龄、屈光不正与平均CCT无显著相关。术后1天、1周、1个月、3个月平均内皮细胞计数分别为2867.1±218.14、2865.6±212.64、2864.8±207.64、2861.3±201.48。结论:术后即刻角膜中央厚度明显减少。术后1周持续下降，术后后期随时间增加。然而，术后内皮细胞计数未见明显变化。
{"title":"Changes in Central Corneal Thickness and Endothelial Cell Count after Lasik","authors":"Syed Heena Kubravi, S. Qureshi, S. Nawaz, A. Nazir, Khalid Kawoosa","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29973","url":null,"abstract":"This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Authors SHK and STQ conceived of the study and participated in its design. Author SN participated in the design of the study. Author AN participated in the study design and coordination. Author KK performed the statistical analyses. All approved the final manuscript. Purpose: To Results: The mean age of the patients was 26.9±4.71 years (range 19 to 36 years). The study included 30(56.6%) males and 23(43.4%) females. A total of 100 eyes were operated.47 patients underwent LASIK in both eyes while only one eye was operated in 6 patients. At the end of 3 months, the mean spherical equivalent of refraction was -0.24±0.369 compared to a preoperative mean of -4.81±2.053. The preoperative central corneal thickness ranged from 442 to 590 microns with a mean of 515.7 microns ± 36.4 and endothelial cell count ranged from 2365 to 3578 cells per mm 2 with a mean of 2874.6 cells per mm 2 ± 225.14. At 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after LASIK, mean CCT was recorded as 414.5±48.5, 406.7±47.9, 411.3±48.1 and 418.3±48 respectively. No significant correlation was found between age, refractive error and mean CCT. The mean endothelial cell count was recorded as 2867.1±218.14, 2865.6±212.64, 2864.8±207.64 and 2861.3±201.48 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after LASIK. Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in central corneal thickness in the immediate postoperative period. It continued to decline till 1 week after the surgery and then increased over time in the late postoperative period. However no significant change was observed in endothelial cell counts in the postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86321581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33515
O. Onunkwor, S. Al-Dubai, J. Arokiasamy, H. Shuaibu, Philip George, L. Aye
Aims: There is a growing number of institutionalized elderly in Malaysia. This group of elderly are commonly not included in population based surveys, thus little is known about their health and well-being. This study aims to determine the self-rated health of the elderly living in institutions and the associated factors. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014, in eight elderly institutions in Kuala Lumpur. The institutions were selected randomly, and the participants were selected through stratified proportionate sampling. A total of 203 residents participated in this study. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis and binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of poor self-rated health was 39.9%. Factors significantly associated with Original Research Article self-rated health included educational level (OR=2.1, 95%CI=1.18-3.74), physical activity (OR=0.4, 95%CI=0.22-0.81) outdoor leisure activity (OR=0.4, 95%CI= 0.21-0.82), visual impairment (OR=1.9, 95%CI= 1.06-3.52), chronic pain (OR= 2.4, 95%CI=1.35-4.27), diabetes (OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.03-3.49) heart disease (OR=4.2, 95%CI=1.25-13.74), renal failure (OR=11.5, 95%CI= 1.38-94.89), fall (OR=2.9, 95%CI= 1.28-6.48) hospitalization (OR=4.9, 95%CI= 2.43-9.86) comorbidities (OR=3.2, 95%CI=1.30-761), and satisfaction with access to healthcare (OR=0.3 95%CI= 0.17-0.79). Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of poor self-rated health among residents in these institutions. Factors significantly associated with self-rated health were mostly co-morbidities. There is need for interventions targeted at improving healthcare services and leisure activities for residents of these institutions.
{"title":"Self-rated Health of Institutionalized Elderly in Kuala Lumpur","authors":"O. Onunkwor, S. Al-Dubai, J. Arokiasamy, H. Shuaibu, Philip George, L. Aye","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33515","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: There is a growing number of institutionalized elderly in Malaysia. This group of elderly are commonly not included in population based surveys, thus little is known about their health and well-being. This study aims to determine the self-rated health of the elderly living in institutions and the associated factors. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014, in eight elderly institutions in Kuala Lumpur. The institutions were selected randomly, and the participants were selected through stratified proportionate sampling. A total of 203 residents participated in this study. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis and binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of poor self-rated health was 39.9%. Factors significantly associated with Original Research Article self-rated health included educational level (OR=2.1, 95%CI=1.18-3.74), physical activity (OR=0.4, 95%CI=0.22-0.81) outdoor leisure activity (OR=0.4, 95%CI= 0.21-0.82), visual impairment (OR=1.9, 95%CI= 1.06-3.52), chronic pain (OR= 2.4, 95%CI=1.35-4.27), diabetes (OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.03-3.49) heart disease (OR=4.2, 95%CI=1.25-13.74), renal failure (OR=11.5, 95%CI= 1.38-94.89), fall (OR=2.9, 95%CI= 1.28-6.48) hospitalization (OR=4.9, 95%CI= 2.43-9.86) comorbidities (OR=3.2, 95%CI=1.30-761), and satisfaction with access to healthcare (OR=0.3 95%CI= 0.17-0.79). Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of poor self-rated health among residents in these institutions. Factors significantly associated with self-rated health were mostly co-morbidities. There is need for interventions targeted at improving healthcare services and leisure activities for residents of these institutions.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88945736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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