Sharon Medcalf, Matthew L. Hale, C. Achutan, Aaron M. Yoder, Ann L. Fruhling, Stanley W. Shearer
During HAZMAT emergencies, first responders are the first to reach the incident site. Over the years, there has been an increase in the number of first responder deaths and heat related illness. Heat-related illnesses are most often studied in outdoor workers and wild land firefighters but occur in a variety of workers across the US. Surveillance programs reported approximately 28,000 HRI hospitalizations between 2001 and 2010. The progression from heat exhaustion to heat stroke can occur rapidly so first responders need warning systems to alert them to the impending health hazards of heat stress. This study works with HAZMAT first responders in Nebraska to explore and assess the status of responder safety in the state and begins with the first responder focus group requirements gathering process. A consensus building process was used for the focus group sessions and yielded thematic areas of health and safety concern. Responder safety was named the most common area of concern and solutions to individual risks were proposed by focus group participants from a local HAZMAT response team. The results of this focus group serve to inform researchers of priorities to consider in the development of responder health monitoring systems and to continue with research in wearable technology for real time health monitoring. Early intervention when monitored responders demonstrate signs of distress ultimately saves lives.
{"title":"Requirements Gathering Through Focus Groups for a Real Time Emergency Communication System for HAZMAT Incidents (REACH)","authors":"Sharon Medcalf, Matthew L. Hale, C. Achutan, Aaron M. Yoder, Ann L. Fruhling, Stanley W. Shearer","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100188","url":null,"abstract":"During HAZMAT emergencies, first responders are the first to reach the incident site. Over the years, there has been an increase in the number of first responder deaths and heat related illness. Heat-related illnesses are most often studied in outdoor workers and wild land firefighters but occur in a variety of workers across the US. Surveillance programs reported approximately 28,000 HRI hospitalizations between 2001 and 2010. The progression from heat exhaustion to heat stroke can occur rapidly so first responders need warning systems to alert them to the impending health hazards of heat stress. This study works with HAZMAT first responders in Nebraska to explore and assess the status of responder safety in the state and begins with the first responder focus group requirements gathering process. A consensus building process was used for the focus group sessions and yielded thematic areas of health and safety concern. Responder safety was named the most common area of concern and solutions to individual risks were proposed by focus group participants from a local HAZMAT response team. The results of this focus group serve to inform researchers of priorities to consider in the development of responder health monitoring systems and to continue with research in wearable technology for real time health monitoring. Early intervention when monitored responders demonstrate signs of distress ultimately saves lives.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69688569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francine Samson, Barbara Tafuto, Nadina Jose, Lisa Palladino Kim
Background: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder affecting up to 3% of children and adolescent in the United States. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment for mild to moderate OCD in children. Despite the benefits of CBT in treatment of OCD, only one-third of clinicians regularly use CBT compared to psychotropic medication due to lack of access. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in increased relapses in OCD severity and further limited access to traditional face-to-face CBT treatment due to health and safety precautions. Purpose: This systematic review aims to demonstrate the efficacy of technology-based CBT by evaluating results of clinical trials and its comparability to traditional CBT methods. Methods: An evidence-based search was conducted using terms such as “Obsessive-Compulsive disorder” AND “ internet” AND “cognitive behavior therapy” and “children”. A total of 716 articles were identified. Results: After screening titles, abstracts, and full articles for relevance, 7 studies with a total of 254 subjects and four different programs involving technology-based CBT were included in this systematic review. Information gathered in this review support the use of technology-based CBT as an effective treatment in reducing the severity of OCD symptoms as shown by statistically significant reductions in Children Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores. Additionally, the results from this review support previous clinical studies demonstrating that effects of technology-based CBT were non-inferior to traditional CBT methods. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review support the use of technology-based CBT for the treatment of OCD in children and adolescents, especially in times where access to in-person therapist sessions are not possible due to geographical or global concerns. Additional research is needed to understand the impact and acceptability of new CBT methods on daily-life as well as the effectiveness of technology-based methods on more severe cases of OCD.
{"title":"Technology-based CBT in Reducing Symptoms of OCD in Children: A Systematic Review","authors":"Francine Samson, Barbara Tafuto, Nadina Jose, Lisa Palladino Kim","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder affecting up to 3% of children and adolescent in the United States. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment for mild to moderate OCD in children. Despite the benefits of CBT in treatment of OCD, only one-third of clinicians regularly use CBT compared to psychotropic medication due to lack of access. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in increased relapses in OCD severity and further limited access to traditional face-to-face CBT treatment due to health and safety precautions. Purpose: This systematic review aims to demonstrate the efficacy of technology-based CBT by evaluating results of clinical trials and its comparability to traditional CBT methods. Methods: An evidence-based search was conducted using terms such as “Obsessive-Compulsive disorder” AND “ internet” AND “cognitive behavior therapy” and “children”. A total of 716 articles were identified. Results: After screening titles, abstracts, and full articles for relevance, 7 studies with a total of 254 subjects and four different programs involving technology-based CBT were included in this systematic review. Information gathered in this review support the use of technology-based CBT as an effective treatment in reducing the severity of OCD symptoms as shown by statistically significant reductions in Children Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores. Additionally, the results from this review support previous clinical studies demonstrating that effects of technology-based CBT were non-inferior to traditional CBT methods. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review support the use of technology-based CBT for the treatment of OCD in children and adolescents, especially in times where access to in-person therapist sessions are not possible due to geographical or global concerns. Additional research is needed to understand the impact and acceptability of new CBT methods on daily-life as well as the effectiveness of technology-based methods on more severe cases of OCD.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69687911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Methods: Data were abstracted from secondary data sources, including the Louisiana Opioid Data and Surveillance System. Trends in opioid-involved deaths, drug-induced deaths, and opioid prescription by prescriber location were determined in the U.S. and Louisiana. Results: The increasing trends in age-adjusted rate of opioid-involved deaths in Louisiana has mimicked what has occurred in the United States.The crude rates of drug-induced deaths in the U.S. and Louisiana exhibited an increasing trend. However, the trend in opioid prescriptions had a decreasing trend.The crude rates were higher in non-Hispanic Whites, as well as in males. This trend is changing with the gap between opioid-involved deaths among non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks narrowing, as well as between males and females. Conclusions: The study confirmed that the opioid epidemic in the U.S. is also occurring in Louisiana. The changing trends in the rate of opioid-involved deaths indicate anarrowing of the gap between non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks, and males and females, and that public health practice and health policy must address the future needs to mitigate the opioid epidemic.
{"title":"Narrowing of the Racial Gap In Opioid-Involved Deaths: Implications for Public Health Policy and Practice","authors":"P. Fos, Peggy A. Honoré, Katrina P. Kellum","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100175","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: Data were abstracted from secondary data sources, including the Louisiana Opioid Data and Surveillance System. Trends in opioid-involved deaths, drug-induced deaths, and opioid prescription by prescriber location were determined in the U.S. and Louisiana. Results: The increasing trends in age-adjusted rate of opioid-involved deaths in Louisiana has mimicked what has occurred in the United States.The crude rates of drug-induced deaths in the U.S. and Louisiana exhibited an increasing trend. However, the trend in opioid prescriptions had a decreasing trend.The crude rates were higher in non-Hispanic Whites, as well as in males. This trend is changing with the gap between opioid-involved deaths among non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks narrowing, as well as between males and females. Conclusions: The study confirmed that the opioid epidemic in the U.S. is also occurring in Louisiana. The changing trends in the rate of opioid-involved deaths indicate anarrowing of the gap between non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks, and males and females, and that public health practice and health policy must address the future needs to mitigate the opioid epidemic.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69688359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is a commentary on recommendations to maintain a seasonal physically active lifestyle for individuals that reside in geographical areas exposed to changing weather patterns. The concepts of muscle confusion and cross-training are explained including the benefits for each of the training regimens. Benefits include avoidance of overuse injuries, overtraining, burnout, and increased motivation to maintain a lifestyle with physical activity. Suggestions applicable to the State of Michigan are mentioned but such are applicable to other areas of the world with similar weather seasons that have periodic changes.
{"title":"Is It Muscle Confusion or Cross Training?","authors":"G. Colón","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100191","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a commentary on recommendations to maintain a seasonal physically active lifestyle for individuals that reside in geographical areas exposed to changing weather patterns. The concepts of muscle confusion and cross-training are explained including the benefits for each of the training regimens. Benefits include avoidance of overuse injuries, overtraining, burnout, and increased motivation to maintain a lifestyle with physical activity. Suggestions applicable to the State of Michigan are mentioned but such are applicable to other areas of the world with similar weather seasons that have periodic changes.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69688455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael J Sadowsky, Raymond Erickson, Ping Wang, Matthew J Hamilton, Melissa Hoo, T. Kaiser, K. Fryxell, A. Khoruts
Objective: Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) is among the most reported hospital and community-acquired gastrointestinal infections. Spores produced by this bacterium cause the initial disease and recurrent C. difficile infections (rCDI) and survive for long periods in the environment. Killing of C. difficile spores in carpeting and upholstery is very challenging without destruction or alteration of the fiber matrix material. In this study, we evaluated a fiber-safe standardized method for inhibiting germination of C. difficile spores recovered from in carpeting and upholstery material and thereby reduce the risk of disease incidence in households and nursing care facilities. Methods and Results : In this study, we found that the most effective procedure for the recovery of C. difficile spores from short-fiber textile surfaces used an ammonium phosphate-gelatin buffer, stainless steel beads to extract the spores from the carpet samples, and the addition of a heat activation step prior to plating. Virasept®, a known sporicide containing hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid, was evaluated for marked reduction of viable C. difficile spore number in carpet and fabric models. After a 30 min contact time, application of the sporicide at ~ 75 ml m2 of carpet (or 51.2 ml m2 upholstery fabric) resulted in a 3-log reduction in germination of five different C. difficile spore types (a ~99.9% decrease), representing five different Nap biotypes. Despite effective inhibition of C. difficile spore germination, Virasept treatment did not visibly damage or discolor carpet or fabric fibers. Conclusions: Results of this study show the potential effectiveness of a robust regimen for the practical treatment of carpeting and upholstery fabric in nursing care facilities, and residential homes to prevent community- and environmentally-acquired reinfection and recurrence of CDI in susceptible individuals.
目的:艰难梭菌(原艰难梭菌)是报告最多的医院和社区获得性胃肠道感染之一。由这种细菌产生的孢子引起最初的疾病和复发性艰难梭菌感染(rCDI)，并在环境中存活很长时间。在不破坏或改变纤维基质材料的情况下，杀死地毯和室内装潢中的艰难梭菌孢子是非常具有挑战性的。在这项研究中，我们评估了一种纤维安全的标准化方法，用于抑制从地毯和室内装潢材料中回收的艰难梭菌孢子的萌发，从而降低家庭和护理机构中疾病发病率的风险。方法和结果:在本研究中，我们发现从短纤维纺织品表面回收艰难梭菌孢子最有效的方法是使用磷酸铵-明胶缓冲液，不锈钢珠从地毯样品中提取孢子，并在电镀前添加热活化步骤。Virasept®是一种已知的含有过氧化氢和过氧乙酸的杀孢剂，对地毯和织物模型中难辨梭菌孢子数量的显著减少进行了评估。接触30分钟后，在约75 ml m2的地毯(或51.2 ml m2的室内装饰织物)上施用杀孢剂，导致5种不同的艰难梭菌孢子类型的萌发减少3倍(减少99.9%)，代表5种不同的Nap生物型。尽管对艰难梭菌孢子萌发有有效的抑制作用，但对地毯或织物纤维没有明显的损伤或变色。结论:本研究的结果表明，在护理机构和住宅中，地毯和室内装潢织物的实际治疗中，一个强大的方案可能有效地预防易感个体的社区和环境获得性CDI再感染和复发。
{"title":"Inactivation of Clostridioides Difficile Spores in Carpeting and Upholstery to Reduce Disease Recurrence in Households and Nursing Care Facilities","authors":"Michael J Sadowsky, Raymond Erickson, Ping Wang, Matthew J Hamilton, Melissa Hoo, T. Kaiser, K. Fryxell, A. Khoruts","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100189","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) is among the most reported hospital and community-acquired gastrointestinal infections. Spores produced by this bacterium cause the initial disease and recurrent C. difficile infections (rCDI) and survive for long periods in the environment. Killing of C. difficile spores in carpeting and upholstery is very challenging without destruction or alteration of the fiber matrix material. In this study, we evaluated a fiber-safe standardized method for inhibiting germination of C. difficile spores recovered from in carpeting and upholstery material and thereby reduce the risk of disease incidence in households and nursing care facilities. Methods and Results : In this study, we found that the most effective procedure for the recovery of C. difficile spores from short-fiber textile surfaces used an ammonium phosphate-gelatin buffer, stainless steel beads to extract the spores from the carpet samples, and the addition of a heat activation step prior to plating. Virasept®, a known sporicide containing hydrogen peroxide and peroxyacetic acid, was evaluated for marked reduction of viable C. difficile spore number in carpet and fabric models. After a 30 min contact time, application of the sporicide at ~ 75 ml m2 of carpet (or 51.2 ml m2 upholstery fabric) resulted in a 3-log reduction in germination of five different C. difficile spore types (a ~99.9% decrease), representing five different Nap biotypes. Despite effective inhibition of C. difficile spore germination, Virasept treatment did not visibly damage or discolor carpet or fabric fibers. Conclusions: Results of this study show the potential effectiveness of a robust regimen for the practical treatment of carpeting and upholstery fabric in nursing care facilities, and residential homes to prevent community- and environmentally-acquired reinfection and recurrence of CDI in susceptible individuals.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69688856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Ecological Systems theory represents a convergence of biological, psychological, and social sciences. Through the study of the ecology of human development, social scientists seek to explain and understand the ways in which an individual interacts with the interrelated systems within that individual’s environment (Bronfenbrenner, 1983a). Bronfenbrenner (1994) sought to develop a theory of human development that would consider the influences of all of the systems that play a role in impacting the lived experiences of the individual no matter how remote the influence. Today, many of these concepts are commonplace in social work practice (micro-, meso-, and macrosystems, for instance); however, its foundation of empirical support is often less understood. This article will explore the historical development of the Ecological Systems theory through the works of Bronfenbrenner, will examine the empirical evidence supporting the theory, and will discuss the implications of the theory within social work practice.
{"title":"Ecological Systems Theory: Exploring the Development of the Theoretical Framework as Conceived by Bronfenbrenner","authors":"Marcus R. Crawford","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100170","url":null,"abstract":"The Ecological Systems theory represents a convergence of biological, psychological, and social sciences. Through the study of the ecology of human development, social scientists seek to explain and understand the ways in which an individual interacts with the interrelated systems within that individual’s environment (Bronfenbrenner, 1983a). Bronfenbrenner (1994) sought to develop a theory of human development that would consider the influences of all of the systems that play a role in impacting the lived experiences of the individual no matter how remote the influence. Today, many of these concepts are commonplace in social work practice (micro-, meso-, and macrosystems, for instance); however, its foundation of empirical support is often less understood. This article will explore the historical development of the Ecological Systems theory through the works of Bronfenbrenner, will examine the empirical evidence supporting the theory, and will discuss the implications of the theory within social work practice.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69688082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores and describes social exclusion and inclusion among emerging adult refugees from the African Great Lakes region fleeing the war in the Democratic Republic of Congo. A constructivist grounded theory approach was employed to conduct twelve in-depth interviews with emerging adult refugees aged 18–25 years old. Findings suggest that emerging adult refugees experience discrimination, dehumanization, and loss of identity during preand post-migration in the US. In response, social inclusion is promoted through resilience and establishing a community. The findings suggest that young refugees value mentorship to establish social inclusion through community building. This study also suggested that programs and future research build on the existing strengths of young refugees and communities to achieve sustainable refugee programs and initiatives.
{"title":"Experiences of social exclusion and inclusion among emerging adult refugees from African Great Lakes Region","authors":"Victory Osezua, Doroty Sato, Lesley M. Harris","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100165","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores and describes social exclusion and inclusion among emerging adult refugees from the African Great Lakes region fleeing the war in the Democratic Republic of Congo. A constructivist grounded theory approach was employed to conduct twelve in-depth interviews with emerging adult refugees aged 18–25 years old. Findings suggest that emerging adult refugees experience discrimination, dehumanization, and loss of identity during preand post-migration in the US. In response, social inclusion is promoted through resilience and establishing a community. The findings suggest that young refugees value mentorship to establish social inclusion through community building. This study also suggested that programs and future research build on the existing strengths of young refugees and communities to achieve sustainable refugee programs and initiatives.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69688336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motor vehicle crashes are happening almost every day and unfortunately, some of them occur with fatality injuries. This paper presents a time series analysis on the trend and pattern of motor vehicle crash fatalities by month, day and day of the week in New York State. In this analysis, a statistical methodology for the decomposition of time series is used. The Kolmogorov – Zurbenko filter is used for decomposition of the crash fatalities into the long and seasonal and short-term component. Long-term component showed a 2 % decreases trend annually and seasonal term suggested increases of crash fatalities during the summer and decreases during winter period. The results indicate that sudden changes on trend are related to recessions that have occurred in USA. Another risk factor for crash fatalities in New York may be due to day light savings time that reduces light and visibility for drivers.
{"title":"A Time Series Analysis of Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities in New York State","authors":"I. Zurbenko, Le Pera","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100167","url":null,"abstract":"Motor vehicle crashes are happening almost every day and unfortunately, some of them occur with fatality injuries. This paper presents a time series analysis on the trend and pattern of motor vehicle crash fatalities by month, day and day of the week in New York State. In this analysis, a statistical methodology for the decomposition of time series is used. The Kolmogorov – Zurbenko filter is used for decomposition of the crash fatalities into the long and seasonal and short-term component. Long-term component showed a 2 % decreases trend annually and seasonal term suggested increases of crash fatalities during the summer and decreases during winter period. The results indicate that sudden changes on trend are related to recessions that have occurred in USA. Another risk factor for crash fatalities in New York may be due to day light savings time that reduces light and visibility for drivers.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69687884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joyee L. E. Washington, Susan Hrostowski, Amy B. Arrington, O. Ismail, W. Morgan, Bradwell, S. Frederick, Jerome R. Kolbo
The purpose of this study was to examine policies and practices that affect the sexual health of adolescents in Forrest County, a southeast Mississippi community. Community members participating in a series of community conversations shared perspectives on needs and problems related to adolescent sexual health; policies and practices affecting adolescent sexual health; and their own roles in, and contributions toward, improving adolescent sexual health. Qualitative analysis of conversations yielded five overarching themes related directly to: education, health, environment, communication, and parental involvement. Community members expressed a strong desire to improve adolescent sexual health by offering specific recommendations and action plans.
{"title":"Policies and Practices Affecting Adolescent Sexual Health in Mississippi","authors":"Joyee L. E. Washington, Susan Hrostowski, Amy B. Arrington, O. Ismail, W. Morgan, Bradwell, S. Frederick, Jerome R. Kolbo","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100155","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine policies and practices that affect the sexual health of adolescents in Forrest County, a southeast Mississippi community. Community members participating in a series of community conversations shared perspectives on needs and problems related to adolescent sexual health; policies and practices affecting adolescent sexual health; and their own roles in, and contributions toward, improving adolescent sexual health. Qualitative analysis of conversations yielded five overarching themes related directly to: education, health, environment, communication, and parental involvement. Community members expressed a strong desire to improve adolescent sexual health by offering specific recommendations and action plans.","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69687977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Race is a social construct, allowing humans to categorize and organize themselves and others based on physical appearance. In the U.S., the dominant population has historically used these categories to oppress and marginalize people of color. Nevertheless, in the post-Civil Rights era, it has become more common for couples of different races to have children. In the 2000 U.S. Census, individuals were able to identify as multiracial for the first time, and over 6 million people did so. By the 2010 U.S. Census, this number had increased to 9 million people. The increase of biracial or multiracial people in the U.S. has important implications for social work practice at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels. How multiracial people come to understand themselves, how society views people who are multiracial, and the effect on social policy are all different areas that could affect social work practice. This study explored the experience of multiracial university students, a subsection of the larger population of multiracial people in the U.S. This was an action research study regarding the development of racial identity in a group of university students who are multiracial, as well as the development of advocacy strategies to encourage awareness of multiracial people in the larger university community. Seven university students in a mid-sized, western state university participated in this study and completed a PhotoVoice project to raise awareness of the multiracial student population at the university. This study seeks to expand the knowledge base of multiracial identity development and inform social work practice with this population. This study explored the experience of students and the campus community regarding awareness of multiracial people and the students’ sense of belonging on campus. This study also explored the students’ understanding of their experience of being multiracial and their identity development during the PhotoVoice project. The variables included students’ understanding of their experience of being multiracial, the reaction of the campus community to the PhotoVoice project, and the experience of students’ participation in the PhotoVoice project. The study answered the following research questions:
{"title":"What Are You? Multiracial Identity Development","authors":"Arlene F. Reilly-Sandoval","doi":"10.33790/jphip1100156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100156","url":null,"abstract":"Race is a social construct, allowing humans to categorize and organize themselves and others based on physical appearance. In the U.S., the dominant population has historically used these categories to oppress and marginalize people of color. Nevertheless, in the post-Civil Rights era, it has become more common for couples of different races to have children. In the 2000 U.S. Census, individuals were able to identify as multiracial for the first time, and over 6 million people did so. By the 2010 U.S. Census, this number had increased to 9 million people. The increase of biracial or multiracial people in the U.S. has important implications for social work practice at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels. How multiracial people come to understand themselves, how society views people who are multiracial, and the effect on social policy are all different areas that could affect social work practice. This study explored the experience of multiracial university students, a subsection of the larger population of multiracial people in the U.S. This was an action research study regarding the development of racial identity in a group of university students who are multiracial, as well as the development of advocacy strategies to encourage awareness of multiracial people in the larger university community. Seven university students in a mid-sized, western state university participated in this study and completed a PhotoVoice project to raise awareness of the multiracial student population at the university. This study seeks to expand the knowledge base of multiracial identity development and inform social work practice with this population. This study explored the experience of students and the campus community regarding awareness of multiracial people and the students’ sense of belonging on campus. This study also explored the students’ understanding of their experience of being multiracial and their identity development during the PhotoVoice project. The variables included students’ understanding of their experience of being multiracial, the reaction of the campus community to the PhotoVoice project, and the experience of students’ participation in the PhotoVoice project. The study answered the following research questions:","PeriodicalId":92810,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health issues and practices","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69687992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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