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Kampo medicine for Frailty as Kidney deficiency 汉布药治疗虚弱如肾虚
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100142
Keiko Ogawa-Ochiai, T. Katagiri
Keiko Ogawa-Ochiai 1*, Takamasa Katagiri2 1Department of Japanese-Traditional (Kampo) Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa-city, Ishikawa 9208641, Japan 2Clinical Laboratory Science, Division of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa-city, Ishikawa, 920-0942, Japan Journal of Public Health Issues and Practices Ogawa-Ochiai K, et al. J Pub Health Issue Pract 2019, 3: 142 https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100142
2 .金泽大学医学研究生院健康科学学部,5-11-80小田津野,金泽市,石川市,920-0942,日本公共卫生问题与实践杂志Ogawa-Ochiai K,等。公共卫生问题实践,2019,3:142 https://doi.org/10.33790/jphip1100142
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引用次数: 1
Smart Homes for Health: Promises and Concerns for Aging Societies 健康智能家居:老龄化社会的承诺和关注
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100149
Sun Goo Lee
Objectives: In aging or aged societies, smart homes for health provide an option for older people to age with dignity and independence, while imposing minimal additional responsibilities on others.The goal of this paper is to review two major concerns related to smart homes to which policymakers should pay attention. Methods: This paper reviews extant research on the current state of related new technologies and analyzes potential problems based on literature on data privacy and equity. Results: First, smart homes face privacy violation risks because they provide sensitive personal information to various entities. Second, because smart homes are relatively costly to build and maintain, they are more likely to be available to a limited segment of the population. Discussion: Since many countries are currently introducing smart homes, proper policies need to be devised in order to prevent these negative consequences.
目标:在老龄化或老龄化社会中,智能健康家居为老年人提供了一种有尊严和独立地老去的选择,同时尽量减少对他人的额外责任。本文的目的是回顾与智能家居相关的两个主要问题,政策制定者应该注意。方法:对相关新技术现状的现有研究进行综述,并结合数据隐私和数据公平相关文献分析潜在问题。研究结果:首先,智能家居将个人敏感信息提供给各种实体,面临隐私侵犯风险。其次,由于智能家居的建造和维护成本相对较高,因此它们更有可能只适用于有限的人群。讨论:由于许多国家目前正在引入智能家居,需要制定适当的政策来防止这些负面后果。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting Health Literacy in Fijian Healthcare and Community Settings 在斐济卫生保健和社区环境中促进卫生知识普及
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100153
Susan C. Dollar
Health literacy (HL) is the key to communicating important medical and health information in “plain language”. Plain language is a term meaning language that can be easily read and understood, generally considered at the 8th grade level. In this review we will define health literacy in terms of fundamental, cultural, and scientific health literacy. A second objective of the paper is to identify and discuss health conditions among the Fijian population. A focus on chronic disease prevention is selected as this population faces high rates of for diabetes, heart disease, HIV/STDs and other chronic diseases. Third, we will discuss the best forms of communication to adequately address disease prevention and health promotion among this at-risk population. Fourth, we will present effective and culturally appropriate interventions to improve health literacy skills for primary health providers, and their patients.
健康素养是用“平实语言”传达重要医疗卫生信息的关键。通俗语言是指易于阅读和理解的语言,一般被认为是8年级水平。在这篇综述中,我们将从基础的、文化的和科学的健康素养来定义健康素养。该文件的第二个目标是确定和讨论斐济人口的健康状况。选择慢性病预防作为重点,是因为这一人群患糖尿病、心脏病、艾滋病毒/性传播疾病和其他慢性病的比率很高。第三,我们将讨论在这一高危人群中充分解决疾病预防和健康促进问题的最佳沟通形式。第四,我们将提出有效和文化上适当的干预措施,以提高初级卫生保健提供者及其患者的卫生素养技能。
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引用次数: 0
The Affecting Factors of Premenstrual Syndrome in Female College Students with Disabilities in Taiwan 台湾残疾女大学生经前综合征的影响因素分析
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100143
C. Lan, T. Su
Objective: This study measured the symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and explored the affecting factors and predictors in female students with disabilities. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study. The subjects were female college students with disabilities who were recruited from Taiwan through college counseling centers using cluster random sampling. A total of 180 subjects completed valid questionnaires. The research data was analyzed by SPSS Version 18.0 through independent t-test and stepwise regression. Results: The mean age of participants was 20.85 years. The most severe and remissive symptoms were irritability, unstable mood and lack of energy. There was high prevalence of PMS for female students with disabilities (97.2%). The affecting factors of the severe PMS were gynecological disease, diet, family menstruation uncomfortable history, irregularity, lifestyle, irregular diet, learning hassles, interpersonal hassles, and irregular exercise. The crucial predictors of the severity of PMS were interpersonal hassles, gynecological disease, and irregular exercise. The explained proportion of variance was 16.9%, while the affecting factors of the remission of PMS were the severity of PMS and acceptance of mindfulness, while the crucial predictors of the remission of PMS were the same two factors. The explained proportion of variance was 67.3%. Conclusion: This study offers suggestions for how to manage PMS by exercise, diet, healthy lifestyle, decreasing psychological disturbances, and offering mindfulness practices. Allowing mindfulness philosophy to be practiced in students’ daily lives can improve their symptoms of PMS.
目的:通过对残疾女学生经前综合征(PMS)症状的测量,探讨其影响因素及预测因素。材料与方法:本研究为横断面定量研究。本研究采用整群随机抽样的方法,通过高校心理咨询中心从台湾地区招募残疾女大学生。共180名被试完成有效问卷。研究数据采用SPSS 18.0版本进行独立t检验和逐步回归分析。结果:参与者平均年龄20.85岁。最严重的症状是烦躁、情绪不稳定和精力不足。残障女学生经前综合症患病率较高(97.2%)。重度经前综合症的影响因素为妇科疾病、饮食、家族月经不适史、生活方式不规律、饮食不规律、学习困扰、人际困扰、运动不规律。预测经前综合症严重程度的关键因素是人际纠纷、妇科疾病和不规律的运动。经前综合症缓解的影响因素是经前综合症的严重程度和正念的接受程度,而经前综合症缓解的关键预测因素是这两个因素。方差解释比例为67.3%。结论:本研究为如何通过运动、饮食、健康的生活方式、减少心理障碍和提供正念练习来控制经前症候群提供了建议。在学生的日常生活中练习正念哲学可以改善他们的经前症候群症状。
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引用次数: 2
Factors associated with Breast Cancer Screening among Women in the United States 美国女性乳腺癌筛查的相关因素
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100144
S. Shakib, J. Inungu, S. Jahanfar
Background: Cancer is a major public health concern around the globe. It is the second leading cause of mortality in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, breast cancer incidence rates for 2011-2015 was 124.7 per 100,000, placing breast cancer incidence rates at the top of the list. Breast cancer mortality rates for 2012-2016 was 20.9 people per 100,000, placing breast cancer mortality rates after Lung and bronchus cancer. Healthy People 2020 states that breast cancer is highly detectable in early stages through breast screening using mammography. Despite an increased in screening and a 10% improvement in breast cancer death rates, breast cancer remains the focus of public health prevention in the US. Objective: To identified factors which are associated with breast cancer screening: mammography among women in the United States. Methods: We analyzed logistic regression models using data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to evaluate factors which are associated with mammography screening among women in the United States. Results: The most important result from the study was the association between health insurance and access to mammography screening. Women without health insurance are less likely to access mammography screening compared to women with health insurance. African American woman had slightly higher rate of recent mammogram compared to non-Hispanic White women. Women aged 51-64 reported more recent mammogram compared to women aged 40-50. Women from southern region of United States reported less recent mammogram compared to rest of the United States. Non-smokers were more likely to access mammography screening compared to smokers. Women with education attainment of bachelor's degree or higher were more likely to access mammography screening compared to women with high-school degree or less. Conclusion: The study indicated the importance of health insurance and education attainment for the access to mammography screening. The results urge researchers and public health officials to promote health education at secondary educational institutions such as high-school because it can increase women's understanding of health messages which may result in positive health behavior. The study highlights the importance of health insurance for ensuring positive healthy behaviors such as screening.
背景:癌症是全球主要的公共卫生问题。它是美国第二大死亡原因。根据美国癌症协会(American Cancer Society)的数据,2011年至2015年,乳腺癌的发病率为每10万人124.7例,高居榜首。2012-2016年乳腺癌死亡率为每10万人20.9人,排在肺癌和支气管癌之后。《2020年健康人》指出,通过使用乳房x光检查进行乳房筛查,乳腺癌在早期阶段是很容易检测到的。尽管筛查率有所提高,乳腺癌死亡率也降低了10%,但乳腺癌仍然是美国公共卫生预防的重点。目的:在美国女性中确定与乳腺癌筛查相关的因素:乳房x光检查。方法:我们使用2015年全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)的数据分析逻辑回归模型,以评估与美国女性乳房x光检查相关的因素。结果:该研究最重要的结果是健康保险与乳房x光检查之间的联系。与有医疗保险的妇女相比,没有医疗保险的妇女接受乳房x光检查的可能性更小。与非西班牙裔白人女性相比,非裔美国女性最近的乳房x光检查率略高。与40-50岁的女性相比,51-64岁的女性最近的乳房x光检查次数更多。与美国其他地区相比,来自美国南部地区的妇女报告的近期乳房x光检查较少。与吸烟者相比,不吸烟者更有可能接受乳房x光检查。与高中或更低学历的女性相比,本科或更高学历的女性更有可能接受乳房x光检查。结论:研究表明健康保险和受教育程度对乳房x光检查的重要性。研究结果敦促研究人员和公共卫生官员在高中等中等教育机构推广健康教育,因为这可以增加女性对健康信息的理解,从而产生积极的健康行为。该研究强调了健康保险对确保筛查等积极健康行为的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Context of Breastfeeding among Latina Mothers using a Social-ecological Approach: An Exploratory Study 使用社会生态学方法对拉丁美洲母亲母乳喂养的背景:一项探索性研究
Pub Date : 2018-11-23 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100124
Alice Ma, Elisa A. Merçon-Vargas, B. Chambers, Monde Nyambe, Tiffany A Williams
Background: Emerging research has begun to examine the breastfeeding experiences among racial/ethnic minority women. However, limited research to date has explored the potential factors that impact Latina mothers’ breastfeeding through a multi-level lens. We examined the context of breastfeeding among Latina mothers in an exploratory study. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of 9 Latina mothers. Guided by the social-ecological model, thematic content analysis was used. Results: Latina mothers described individual- (e.g., knowledge of breastfeeding), interpersonal- (e.g., social support and norms), institutional- (e.g., healthcare system), and community-level (e.g., cultural norms) influences on their breastfeeding. Mothers recommended provision of bilingual and bicultural health professionals, information on US breastfeeding norms, and Latino-friendly informational materials in other languages. Conclusions: Considering the multi-level factors that shape Latina mothers’ breastfeeding is essential to develop and implement culturally tailored initiatives and facilitate access to breastfeeding support to improve maternal and infant health.
背景:新兴研究已经开始调查少数种族/民族妇女的母乳喂养经历。然而,迄今为止有限的研究通过多层次的视角探索了影响拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的潜在因素。我们在一项探索性研究中检查了拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的背景。方法:我们对9名拉丁裔母亲进行了半结构化访谈。以社会生态模型为指导,运用主题内容分析法。结果:拉丁裔母亲描述了个人因素(如母乳喂养知识)、人际因素(如社会支持和规范)、机构因素(如卫生保健系统)和社区因素(如文化规范)对其母乳喂养的影响。母亲们建议提供双语和双文化的卫生专业人员,美国母乳喂养规范的信息,以及其他语言的拉丁裔友好信息材料。结论:考虑影响拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的多层次因素对于制定和实施有文化针对性的举措以及促进获得母乳喂养支持以改善母婴健康至关重要。
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引用次数: 3
Study for Development of Health Belief Scale Related to Lead Exposure 铅暴露相关健康信念量表的编制研究
Pub Date : 2018-01-21 DOI: 10.33790/jphip1100139
Tugba Gultekin, Y. Kitiş
Background/Aim: This methodological study was conducted to develop a health belief scale for lead exposure, and to analyze the validity and reliability of the scale. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 525 male workers applying to Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital between February 1 and April 30, 2013. The Participant Information Form and the Health Belief Scale Related to Lead Exposure (HBSRLE) were used to collect data. Data content validity was analyzed with Law she technique by the experts of the subject, construct validity with factor analysis, and reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Construct validity analysis revealed that the scale was composed of six factors with factor loads ranging from .615 to .832 (p<0.05). Reliability analysis revealed that HBSRLE's Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was .94 and sub-dimensions ranged from .81 to .94. Based on split-half reliability analysis, SpearmanBrown coefficient of the Scale was .740 and the Gutman SplitHalf Coefficient was .739 (p<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that item-total score correlations (Rho) ranged from .233 to .868 (p<0.001). Discussionand Conclusions: As a result of validity and reliability analyses, it was found that HBSRLE, consisting of 33 items and six sub-dimensions, is a valid and reliable scale.
背景/目的:本方法学研究旨在开发铅暴露的健康信念量表,并分析该量表的有效性和可靠性。材料和方法:本研究对2013年2月1日至4月30日期间申请安卡拉职业病医院的525名男性工人进行了研究。参与者信息表和与铅暴露相关的健康信念量表(HBSRLE)用于收集数据。数据内容的有效性由本课题的专家采用Law-she技术进行分析,结构有效性采用因子分析,信度采用Cronbachα系数和Spearman相关分析。结果:构效分析表明,该量表由六个因素组成,因子负荷范围为.615至.832(p<0.05)。信度分析表明,HBSRLE的Cronbachα信度系数为.94,子维度范围为.81至.94。基于分半信度分析,量表的Spearman-Brown系数为.740,Gutman-SplitHalf系数为.739(p<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,项目总分相关性(Rho)在0.233~.868之间(p<0.001),由33个项目和6个子维度组成的量表是一个有效和可靠的量表。
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引用次数: 0
Context of Breastfeeding among Latina Mothers using a Social-ecological Approach: An Exploratory Study. 使用社会生态学方法的拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的背景:一项探索性研究。
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-11-23
Alice Ma, Elisa A Merçon-Vargas, Brittany D Chambers, Monde Nyambe, Tiffany A Williams

Background: Emerging research has begun to examine the breastfeeding experiences among racial/ethnic minority women. However, limited research to date has explored the potential factors that impact Latina mothers' breastfeeding through a multi-level lens. We examined the context of breastfeeding among Latina mothers in an exploratory study.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of 9 Latina mothers. Guided by the social-ecological model, thematic content analysis was used.

Results: Latina mothers described individual- (e.g., knowledge of breastfeeding), interpersonal- (e.g., social support and norms), institutional- (e.g., healthcare system), and community-level (e.g., cultural norms) influences on their breastfeeding. Mothers recommended provision of bilingual and bicultural health professionals, information on US breastfeeding norms, and Latino-friendly informational materials in other languages.

Conclusions: Considering the multi-level factors that shape Latina mothers' breastfeeding is essential to develop and implement culturally tailored initiatives and facilitate access to breastfeeding support to improve maternal and infant health.

背景:新兴的研究已经开始调查种族/少数民族妇女的母乳喂养经历。然而,迄今为止,有限的研究从多层面探讨了影响拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的潜在因素。我们在一项探索性研究中调查了拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的情况。方法:我们对9位拉丁裔母亲进行了半结构化访谈。在社会生态学模型的指导下,采用主题内容分析法。结果:拉丁裔母亲描述了个人(如母乳喂养知识)、人际(如社会支持和规范)、机构(如医疗系统)和社区层面(如文化规范)对母乳喂养的影响。母亲们建议提供双语和双文化健康专业人员、美国母乳喂养规范信息以及其他语言的拉丁裔友好信息材料。结论:考虑到影响拉丁裔母亲母乳喂养的多层次因素,对于制定和实施有文化针对性的举措以及促进获得母乳喂养支持以改善母婴健康至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of public health issues and practices
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