The traditional curriculum for undergraduate medical students ensures discipline-based learning. In a traditional curriculum, students get ample time to get a detailed understanding and undergraduate-level knowledge which is elaborative and sufficient for each subject. Although the students gain ample knowledge of the subject, they lack in correlating the gained information with other subjects. This is not the students’ fault; instead, it is due to the lack of scope of correlation in the traditional curriculum. In this curriculum, students are not taught about the applicability of the gained information. Consequently, basic science or pre-clinical subjects seem irrelevant to the students as if the clinical subjects are independent of these subjects, whereas the reality is the opposite (Watmough et al., 2009). The knowledge of the basic subjects serves as the targeted goal of clinical manoeuvre. Traditional curriculum receives criticism for demotivating students to learn basic subjects to practice as a doctor. Moreover, the traditional curriculum is a more lecture-dependent one-way teaching method devoid of a student-oriented approach (Christianson et al., 2007). There is no scope for problem-solving or critical thinking rather than pedagogical learning. Another disadvantage of the traditional curriculum is that students need to wait until clinical years to have experience with patients. Therefore, there is no opportunity for clinical skill development earlier in this curriculum (Rahman, 2022).
医学本科学生的传统课程设置保证了学科本位的学习。在传统的课程中，学生有充足的时间来获得详细的理解和本科水平的知识，这些知识对每个学科都是详尽而充分的。尽管学生们对某一学科获得了丰富的知识，但他们缺乏将所学知识与其他学科联系起来的能力。这不是学生的错;相反，这是由于传统课程缺乏关联范围。在这门课程中，学生没有被教导所获得的信息的适用性。因此，基础科学或临床前学科似乎与学生无关，就好像临床学科独立于这些学科一样，而现实恰恰相反(Watmough et al.， 2009)。基本学科的知识是临床操作的目标。传统的课程受到批评，因为它使学生失去学习基础学科的动力，无法像医生一样实践。此外，传统课程是一种更依赖于讲座的单向教学方法，缺乏以学生为导向的方法(Christianson et al.， 2007)。没有解决问题或批判性思维的余地，而不是教学学习。传统课程的另一个缺点是学生需要等到临床年才有与病人打交道的经验。因此，在本课程中没有早期临床技能发展的机会(Rahman, 2022)。
{"title":"Curriculum for Undergraduate Medical Sciences: Traditional, Integrated or Both","authors":"Sadia Choudhury Shimmi, M. Tanveer Hossain Parash, Fairrul Masnah @ Kadir","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4367","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional curriculum for undergraduate medical students ensures discipline-based learning. In a traditional curriculum, students get ample time to get a detailed understanding and undergraduate-level knowledge which is elaborative and sufficient for each subject. Although the students gain ample knowledge of the subject, they lack in correlating the gained information with other subjects. This is not the students’ fault; instead, it is due to the lack of scope of correlation in the traditional curriculum. In this curriculum, students are not taught about the applicability of the gained information. Consequently, basic science or pre-clinical subjects seem irrelevant to the students as if the clinical subjects are independent of these subjects, whereas the reality is the opposite (Watmough et al., 2009). The knowledge of the basic subjects serves as the targeted goal of clinical manoeuvre. Traditional curriculum receives criticism for demotivating students to learn basic subjects to practice as a doctor. Moreover, the traditional curriculum is a more lecture-dependent one-way teaching method devoid of a student-oriented approach (Christianson et al., 2007). There is no scope for problem-solving or critical thinking rather than pedagogical learning. Another disadvantage of the traditional curriculum is that students need to wait until clinical years to have experience with patients. Therefore, there is no opportunity for clinical skill development earlier in this curriculum (Rahman, 2022).","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80640221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3884
Kerpagam SR Nagarajan, Usha S. Rajah, T. Kumaravadivel Dharmalingam, Rajesh Kumar Muniandy
Pain is a public health problem with profound physical, emotional, and societal costs. Conventional oral analgaesics are usually the first treatment, which is cost-effective and relatively safe. However, medication noncompliance is a serious healthcare concern. Medication noncompliance has remained a significant challenge despite considerable efforts to improve patient compliance. Therefore, a study was done to assess medication compliance at a Pain Clinic in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. The study period was from December 2019 to January 2020. A total of 180 patients participated in the study. The study showed that pain clinic patients’ medication compliance was 65%. With the improvement of medication compliance, the quality of life of patients with pain can be improved.
{"title":"Medication Compliance of Patients Attending a Pain Clinic at a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia","authors":"Kerpagam SR Nagarajan, Usha S. Rajah, T. Kumaravadivel Dharmalingam, Rajesh Kumar Muniandy","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3884","url":null,"abstract":"Pain is a public health problem with profound physical, emotional, and societal costs. Conventional oral analgaesics are usually the first treatment, which is cost-effective and relatively safe. However, medication noncompliance is a serious healthcare concern. Medication noncompliance has remained a significant challenge despite considerable efforts to improve patient compliance. Therefore, a study was done to assess medication compliance at a Pain Clinic in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. The study period was from December 2019 to January 2020. A total of 180 patients participated in the study. The study showed that pain clinic patients’ medication compliance was 65%. With the improvement of medication compliance, the quality of life of patients with pain can be improved.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82182913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3804
Shu Ann Hon, Lian Thai Lee, Ri Ann Lee, Qin Jian Low
Corynebacterium species are often treated as contaminants. However, there were several recent outbreaks involving Corynebacterium species reported across the globe. We report a rare case of Corynebacterium simulans causes infective endocarditis which led to debilitating embolic events. A 39-year-old lady presented with a prolonged fever for three weeks. She was in septic shock and had dense right hemiplegia, a pansystolic murmur at the mitral area and hepatosplenomegaly. There were no peripheral stigmata of infective endocarditis. An urgent computed tomography (CT) of the brain showed an infarct at the left corona radiata extending to the left parietal, left basal ganglia and left temporal lobe. She deteriorated and required mechanical ventilation and intensive care. Echocardiogram showed vegetation at both her anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets leading to severe mitral regurgitation. Splenic infarction was seen in her contrasted computed tomography (CECT) of her abdomen. Her three samples of blood culture were positive for Corynebacterium simulans. She deteriorated rapidly and went into multi-organ failure and succumbed. Corynebacterium species should be taken seriously and should not be neglected as a contaminant as it can cause potentially fatal complications as described in this case report.
{"title":"An Unusual Case of Corynebacterium simulans causes Infective Endocarditis with Embolic Events","authors":"Shu Ann Hon, Lian Thai Lee, Ri Ann Lee, Qin Jian Low","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3804","url":null,"abstract":"Corynebacterium species are often treated as contaminants. However, there were several recent outbreaks involving Corynebacterium species reported across the globe. We report a rare case of Corynebacterium simulans causes infective endocarditis which led to debilitating embolic events. A 39-year-old lady presented with a prolonged fever for three weeks. She was in septic shock and had dense right hemiplegia, a pansystolic murmur at the mitral area and hepatosplenomegaly. There were no peripheral stigmata of infective endocarditis. An urgent computed tomography (CT) of the brain showed an infarct at the left corona radiata extending to the left parietal, left basal ganglia and left temporal lobe. She deteriorated and required mechanical ventilation and intensive care. Echocardiogram showed vegetation at both her anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets leading to severe mitral regurgitation. Splenic infarction was seen in her contrasted computed tomography (CECT) of her abdomen. Her three samples of blood culture were positive for Corynebacterium simulans. She deteriorated rapidly and went into multi-organ failure and succumbed. Corynebacterium species should be taken seriously and should not be neglected as a contaminant as it can cause potentially fatal complications as described in this case report.","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83438574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4107
K. Aung, R. Razak, N. N. M. Nazry, Noor Azizah Mohd Ali
To support the learning process, it is essential to conduct a needs analysis to identify appropriate instructional materials that fit the learners’ characteristics and learning environment. This study aimed to identify the need for developing a MOOC module on risk communication in global health emergencies to use as a teaching tool for continuing nursing education programmes. Following the principles of a qualitative research design, a total of 14 participants, including two nursing lecturers from Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), two nurse managers (matrons), two emergency physicians, and eight registered nurses (RN) from SASMEC @ IIUM, were selected through purposive sampling method and interviewed using semi-structured interview-guided questions. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. The participants stated that continuing nursing education (CNE) was essential for professional development (PD) and a resource for enhancing existing skills and knowledge. Risk communication skills were crucial for nurses in emergency healthcare contexts. The majority of this study’s participants were unfamiliar with MOOC courses and stated that support and motivation from their institution, as well as monitoring of participation and course completion, were needed to implement MOOC courses successfully. To sum up, understanding of continuing education, current risk communication knowledge and literacy, and awareness of MOOCs were explored. These realities will support thedevelopment of the risk communication MOOC module that will help improve nurses’ risk communication skills and better prepare them for future global health emergencies.
{"title":"Exploring the Needs for Developing MOOC Module on Risk Communication in Global Health Emergencies for Continuing Nursing Education Programme: A Qualitative Study","authors":"K. Aung, R. Razak, N. N. M. Nazry, Noor Azizah Mohd Ali","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4107","url":null,"abstract":"To support the learning process, it is essential to conduct a needs analysis to identify appropriate instructional materials that fit the learners’ characteristics and learning environment. This study aimed to identify the need for developing a MOOC module on risk communication in global health emergencies to use as a teaching tool for continuing nursing education programmes. Following the principles of a qualitative research design, a total of 14 participants, including two nursing lecturers from Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), two nurse managers (matrons), two emergency physicians, and eight registered nurses (RN) from SASMEC @ IIUM, were selected through purposive sampling method and interviewed using semi-structured interview-guided questions. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. The participants stated that continuing nursing education (CNE) was essential for professional development (PD) and a resource for enhancing existing skills and knowledge. Risk communication skills were crucial for nurses in emergency healthcare contexts. The majority of this study’s participants were unfamiliar with MOOC courses and stated that support and motivation from their institution, as well as monitoring of participation and course completion, were needed to implement MOOC courses successfully. To sum up, understanding of continuing education, current risk communication knowledge and literacy, and awareness of MOOCs were explored. These realities will support thedevelopment of the risk communication MOOC module that will help improve nurses’ risk communication skills and better prepare them for future global health emergencies. ","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89714041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3681
Jayvin Kantilal Patel, Juin Yi Ng, Parvin Rubon Arangulavan, Anas Sjahroeddin Ressang, Teik Yew David Tang
Postoperative visual loss (POVL) is a very rare but devastating event that can occur post-cardiac surgery. The most common cause of POVL is vascular occlusion. We present a case of a 39-year-old male with severe mixed aortic valve disease, who had to undergo double valve replacement (mechanical) due to extensive calcification. On postoperative day 7, he complained of sudden painless loss of vision in the right eye. He was diagnosed with right eye central retinal artery occlusion and was discharged home with permanent right eye blindness. Neuro-ophthalmologic complications following non-ocular surgery occur rarely. POVL occurs more likely when there are calcified heart valvular lesions, higher perioperative blood loss, hypotension, low systolic blood pressure, anaemia, hypothermia, prolonged surgery time and age >50 years old. In our case report we have encountered a couple of risk factors for ischaemia which are heavily calcified aortic and mitral valves, lower mean arterial pressure and bypass time >5 hours. Postoperative blindness can be avery serious and devastating problem with no known or established treatment. Stroke is a well-known and established complication of cardiac surgery, but central retinal artery occlusion causing loss of vision is rarely covered and explained.
{"title":"We Didn’t See That Coming: Right Eye Blindness Post-Cardiac Surgery","authors":"Jayvin Kantilal Patel, Juin Yi Ng, Parvin Rubon Arangulavan, Anas Sjahroeddin Ressang, Teik Yew David Tang","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3681","url":null,"abstract":"Postoperative visual loss (POVL) is a very rare but devastating event that can occur post-cardiac surgery. The most common cause of POVL is vascular occlusion. We present a case of a 39-year-old male with severe mixed aortic valve disease, who had to undergo double valve replacement (mechanical) due to extensive calcification. On postoperative day 7, he complained of sudden painless loss of vision in the right eye. He was diagnosed with right eye central retinal artery occlusion and was discharged home with permanent right eye blindness. Neuro-ophthalmologic complications following non-ocular surgery occur rarely. POVL occurs more likely when there are calcified heart valvular lesions, higher perioperative blood loss, hypotension, low systolic blood pressure, anaemia, hypothermia, prolonged surgery time and age >50 years old. In our case report we have encountered a couple of risk factors for ischaemia which are heavily calcified aortic and mitral valves, lower mean arterial pressure and bypass time >5 hours. Postoperative blindness can be avery serious and devastating problem with no known or established treatment. Stroke is a well-known and established complication of cardiac surgery, but central retinal artery occlusion causing loss of vision is rarely covered and explained.","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"791 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78869812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4341
D. C. Febriany, Cindy N. Chin, Mohamed Arif Hameed Sultan, Anand Raj Thangavelu
Hoarseness is a symptom of Ortner’s syndrome, a rare disorder caused by mechanical left recurrent laryngeal nerve compression by enlarged cardiovascular structures. This is a case of Ortner’s syndrome in an elderly 74-year-old male with an aortic arch aneurysm presenting with hoarseness. We believe the aneurysm causes the left recurrent laryngeal nerve compression, resulting in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. We emphasise the significance of Ortner’s syndrome as hoarseness of voice, a significant differential diagnosis in an elderly patient despite the absence of cardiac symptoms.
{"title":"Ortner’s Syndrome: Aortic Aneurysm as a Cause of Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis","authors":"D. C. Febriany, Cindy N. Chin, Mohamed Arif Hameed Sultan, Anand Raj Thangavelu","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.4341","url":null,"abstract":"Hoarseness is a symptom of Ortner’s syndrome, a rare disorder caused by mechanical left recurrent laryngeal nerve compression by enlarged cardiovascular structures. This is a case of Ortner’s syndrome in an elderly 74-year-old male with an aortic arch aneurysm presenting with hoarseness. We believe the aneurysm causes the left recurrent laryngeal nerve compression, resulting in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. We emphasise the significance of Ortner’s syndrome as hoarseness of voice, a significant differential diagnosis in an elderly patient despite the absence of cardiac symptoms.","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75042005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3867
Firdaus Hayati, N. A. S. Nik Lah, N. Azizan, Fairrul Kadir
Circumcision is a procedure of removal of the penile foreskin. It is among the highest procedures performed worldwide, primarily for ritual and religious purposes among Muslims and Jews. It is also performed for hygiene and the prevention of malignancy. All practitioners must master the procedure, especially in identifying the normal anatomy and avoiding possible morbidities. Since the available simulated circumcision model is costly and not readily available, we invented a step-by-step technique to create a model for circumcision aiming to master this standard procedure, especially the dorsal slit.
{"title":"KhitanAid Model: An Innovative and Realistic Homemade Circumcision Model","authors":"Firdaus Hayati, N. A. S. Nik Lah, N. Azizan, Fairrul Kadir","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v17i2.3867","url":null,"abstract":"Circumcision is a procedure of removal of the penile foreskin. It is among the highest procedures performed worldwide, primarily for ritual and religious purposes among Muslims and Jews. It is also performed for hygiene and the prevention of malignancy. All practitioners must master the procedure, especially in identifying the normal anatomy and avoiding possible morbidities. Since the available simulated circumcision model is costly and not readily available, we invented a step-by-step technique to create a model for circumcision aiming to master this standard procedure, especially the dorsal slit.","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"679 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76868027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khandaker Abu Talha, Maher Khawatmi, Sajedul Kabir Chowdhury, Farhana Selina, Mohammad Zahidul Islam, Sulaiman Ashmoti
Gurayat General Hospital is a 350 bed secondary referral hospital of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This is one of the busiest hospitals in Al-Jouf region. Trauma is very common in this city and the ER department is mostly overwhelmed by Neurosurgical emergency patients. The aim the study was to evaluate the age sex, types of injuries and causes of injuries of the neurosurgical emergency patients. This was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. Ethical approval was achieved from proper authority. Good Clinical Practice (GCP) ICH E6 protocol was followed in order to ensure safety and efficacy. Data was collected from the log book of the ER department. Data were transferred to a spreadsheet to make a master sheet. Valuables of individual columns were analyzed and tabulated. Comparison was performed between the result of this study and other international studies. About 7.3% of all ER admissions were for the Neurosurgical cases. Among the Neurosurgical cases (n=3588) there was clear predominance of male gender (81%). Majority (45%) of the Neurosurgical patients were from children and teen age group. Nearly 50% of the patients reported to ER with the history of Road Traffic Accident (RTA). Head injury was the commonest (61%) type of injury. Approximately 45% patients were admitted in to general ward whereas 42% patients were discharged from ER after providing primary treatment. When the results of this study were compared to the results of the other international studies fair similarities were observed.
古拉亚特总医院是沙特阿拉伯王国拥有350张床位的二级转诊医院。这是Al-Jouf地区最繁忙的医院之一。创伤在这个城市很常见，急诊室大多被神经外科急诊病人挤得水泄不通。本研究旨在探讨神经外科急诊患者的年龄、性别、损伤类型及损伤原因。这是一项横断面描述性观察性研究。获得了适当权威机构的伦理批准。为了确保安全性和有效性，遵循了良好临床规范(GCP) ICH E6协议。数据从急诊科的日志中收集。数据被转移到电子表格中以制作母表。对各柱的贵重物品进行分析和制表。将本研究结果与其他国际研究结果进行比较。约7.3%的急诊是神经外科病例。在神经外科病例(n=3588)中，男性明显占优势(81%)。大多数(45%)神经外科患者来自儿童和青少年年龄组。近50%的患者有道路交通事故(RTA)史。头部损伤是最常见的损伤类型(61%)。约45%的患者入住普通病房，42%的患者在接受初级治疗后出院。当将这项研究的结果与其他国际研究的结果进行比较时，发现了相当的相似之处。
{"title":"Cross-sectional Observational Study on the Demography of the Neurosurgical Emergency Admissions in a Year 2014 at Gurayat General Hospital, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khandaker Abu Talha, Maher Khawatmi, Sajedul Kabir Chowdhury, Farhana Selina, Mohammad Zahidul Islam, Sulaiman Ashmoti","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v10i2.625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v10i2.625","url":null,"abstract":"Gurayat General Hospital is a 350 bed secondary referral hospital of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This is one of the busiest hospitals in Al-Jouf region. Trauma is very common in this city and the ER department is mostly overwhelmed by Neurosurgical emergency patients. The aim the study was to evaluate the age sex, types of injuries and causes of injuries of the neurosurgical emergency patients. This was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. Ethical approval was achieved from proper authority. Good Clinical Practice (GCP) ICH E6 protocol was followed in order to ensure safety and efficacy. Data was collected from the log book of the ER department. Data were transferred to a spreadsheet to make a master sheet. Valuables of individual columns were analyzed and tabulated. Comparison was performed between the result of this study and other international studies. About 7.3% of all ER admissions were for the Neurosurgical cases. Among the Neurosurgical cases (n=3588) there was clear predominance of male gender (81%). Majority (45%) of the Neurosurgical patients were from children and teen age group. Nearly 50% of the patients reported to ER with the history of Road Traffic Accident (RTA). Head injury was the commonest (61%) type of injury. Approximately 45% patients were admitted in to general ward whereas 42% patients were discharged from ER after providing primary treatment. When the results of this study were compared to the results of the other international studies fair similarities were observed.","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135717379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Begum, S. C. Shimmi, Mahfuza Mazeda Rowshan, S. Khanom
Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera were observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae . Aloe vera leaf gel was used for ethanolic extraction.Zones of inhibition in millimeter was used to measure the antimicrobial effect. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that ethanolic extract has growth inhibitory effects against the tested pathogens. Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera has growth inhibitory effects against tested pathogen seen by antimicrobial susceptibility testing
{"title":"Effect of Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera gel on certain common clinical pathogens","authors":"H. Begum, S. C. Shimmi, Mahfuza Mazeda Rowshan, S. Khanom","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v10i2.626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v10i2.626","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera were observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae . Aloe vera leaf gel was used for ethanolic extraction.Zones of inhibition in millimeter was used to measure the antimicrobial effect. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that ethanolic extract has growth inhibitory effects against the tested pathogens. Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera has growth inhibitory effects against tested pathogen seen by antimicrobial susceptibility testing","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"18 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78028617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocular trauma is a significant health problem in paediatric age group. This study is to evaluate the demographics, etiology, management and visual outcome of paediatric ocular trauma in Sabah. This is a retrospective review of all ocular trauma occurring in the paediatric age group from age 12 years old and below from January to December 2014 at Hospital Wanita Dan Kanak-Kanak, Sabah. Medical records were reviewed and the data was examined based on Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) system. Incomplete case notes were excluded from the study. A total of 37 cases were accumulated during the study period. All the paediatric ocular trauma cases were admitted and accounted for 13.4% of the total paediatric eye ward admission. However, 4 cases were excluded from the study as the medical records were incomplete. There were 26(78.8%) males while 7(21.2%) female children with a ratio male: female of 3.7: 1. There were 31(93.9%) unilateral ocular injury cases while only 2(6.1%) bilateral injury caused by chemical injury. The most common type of ocular trauma was closed globe injury totaling 24 (72.7%) cases. Trauma caused by blunt object contributed to the highest mode of injury 15 (45.5%) of cases. Open globe injuries which had poor visual outcome accounted for 9 (27.3%) cases. Most of patients required surgical treatment 21(63.6%) while 12(36.4%) cases treated non-surgically. In conclusion, ocular trauma was more common in male and pre-school age group. The main aetiology was blunt injury. Most of the cases treated surgically. Poorer visual outcome was observed in open globe injury.
眼外伤是儿童群体中一个重要的健康问题。本研究旨在评估沙巴州儿童眼外伤的人口统计学、病因学、管理和视觉结果。这是对2014年1月至12月在沙巴州Wanita Dan Kanak-Kanak医院12岁及以下儿童年龄组发生的所有眼外伤的回顾性分析。根据伯明翰眼外伤术语(BETT)系统对医疗记录和数据进行了审查。不完整的病例记录被排除在研究之外。研究期间共收集病例37例。所有儿科眼外伤病例均住院，占儿科眼外伤住院总人数的13.4%。但有4例病例因病历不完整而被排除在研究之外。男童26例(78.8%)，女童7例(21.2%)，男女比例为3.7:1。单侧眼损伤31例(93.9%)，双侧眼化学损伤2例(6.1%)。最常见的眼外伤类型为闭合性球损伤，共24例(72.7%)。钝器造成的创伤占15例(45.5%)。视力差的开放球损伤占9例(27.3%)。手术治疗21例(63.6%)，非手术治疗12例(36.4%)。综上所述，眼部外伤在男性和学龄前儿童中更为常见。主要病因为钝伤。大多数病例采用手术治疗。开放球损伤的视力较差。
{"title":"Ocular Trauma in Children at Women and children Hospital (Hospital Wanita Dan Kanak-Kanak), Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"P. Sylves, Ch'en Cy, Premadeva Cs, Shuaibah Ag","doi":"10.51200/bjms.v10i2.624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/bjms.v10i2.624","url":null,"abstract":"Ocular trauma is a significant health problem in paediatric age group. This study is to evaluate the demographics, etiology, management and visual outcome of paediatric ocular trauma in Sabah. This is a retrospective review of all ocular trauma occurring in the paediatric age group from age 12 years old and below from January to December 2014 at Hospital Wanita Dan Kanak-Kanak, Sabah. Medical records were reviewed and the data was examined based on Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) system. Incomplete case notes were excluded from the study. A total of 37 cases were accumulated during the study period. All the paediatric ocular trauma cases were admitted and accounted for 13.4% of the total paediatric eye ward admission. However, 4 cases were excluded from the study as the medical records were incomplete. There were 26(78.8%) males while 7(21.2%) female children with a ratio male: female of 3.7: 1. There were 31(93.9%) unilateral ocular injury cases while only 2(6.1%) bilateral injury caused by chemical injury. The most common type of ocular trauma was closed globe injury totaling 24 (72.7%) cases. Trauma caused by blunt object contributed to the highest mode of injury 15 (45.5%) of cases. Open globe injuries which had poor visual outcome accounted for 9 (27.3%) cases. Most of patients required surgical treatment 21(63.6%) while 12(36.4%) cases treated non-surgically. In conclusion, ocular trauma was more common in male and pre-school age group. The main aetiology was blunt injury. Most of the cases treated surgically. Poorer visual outcome was observed in open globe injury.","PeriodicalId":9287,"journal":{"name":"Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS)","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87664956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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