Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0062
Wamda Elhaj, F. Almomani
Nanofluids have shown their potential in the oil recovery process through surface modification. Due to their surface characteristics, they can apply to improve the oil production from reservoirs by enabling different enhanced recovery mechanisms. The preparation and development of the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles for the oil recovery process is an innovative and novel approach that influences the oil generation from reservoirs. The performance of the Fe3O4@SiO2 and the other nanofluids (seawater, Fe3O4, and SiO2) in the enhanced oil recovery process is assessed and compared with other flooding scenarios. The Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs achieved the highest oil production rate of 90.2%, while Fe3O4 and SiO2 NPs achieved 70.8% and 55.3%, respectively. In contrast, the value achieved for the seawater injection was 76.5%. For the oil recovery process, the Fe3O4 was applied for the inhibition (i.e., decrease) of oil sedimentation, and the SiO2 NPs were applied for wettability alteration and IFT reduction. The experimental results showed that the produced Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs improved the oil recovery rates (90.2%) as well as the synergetic impact of the developed NPs by initiating several mechanisms corresponding to the use of the separate NPs in the micromodel. Moreover, the results exhibited that the reservoir conditions are a crucial function for increasing the oil recovery rates, improving the emulsion stability, and is a substantial step for the oil recovery method that applies this particular technique.
{"title":"Investigational Study for the efficiency of Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles in the Oil Recovery Process using glass micromodel","authors":"Wamda Elhaj, F. Almomani","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0062","url":null,"abstract":"Nanofluids have shown their potential in the oil recovery process through surface modification. Due to their surface characteristics, they can apply to improve the oil production from reservoirs by enabling different enhanced recovery mechanisms. The preparation and development of the Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles for the oil recovery process is an innovative and novel approach that influences the oil generation from reservoirs. The performance of the Fe3O4@SiO2 and the other nanofluids (seawater, Fe3O4, and SiO2) in the enhanced oil recovery process is assessed and compared with other flooding scenarios. The Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs achieved the highest oil production rate of 90.2%, while Fe3O4 and SiO2 NPs achieved 70.8% and 55.3%, respectively. In contrast, the value achieved for the seawater injection was 76.5%. For the oil recovery process, the Fe3O4 was applied for the inhibition (i.e., decrease) of oil sedimentation, and the SiO2 NPs were applied for wettability alteration and IFT reduction. The experimental results showed that the produced Fe3O4@SiO2 NPs improved the oil recovery rates (90.2%) as well as the synergetic impact of the developed NPs by initiating several mechanisms corresponding to the use of the separate NPs in the micromodel. Moreover, the results exhibited that the reservoir conditions are a crucial function for increasing the oil recovery rates, improving the emulsion stability, and is a substantial step for the oil recovery method that applies this particular technique.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86173719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0023
Ahmed Helmy Hassan Abouelezz, T. Ahmed
A germination test of Vicia faba and Lens culinaris seeds under the effect of bleach and vinegar was conducted for seven days, and the observations were recorded daily. The completely randomized design (CRD) was used to examine the germination with three replicates at the lab conditions. Six germination parameters were measured, including germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), mean germination rate (MGR), vigour index (VI), plus the fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of Vicia faba and Lens culinaris seeds. As a legume crop seeds model, the efficacy of four treatment levels from 0.005% to 0.5% of bleach and vinegar on the germination was tested. A chemical analysis was performed using the ion chromatography (IC) to evaluate the effect of chloride and acetate anions up-take on the seedling germination in addition to other essential nutrients. A significant inhibition in seedling growth was observed with increasing the treatment concentration. The maximum inhibition was recorded for both seeds at 0.5%, followed by 0.1% levels, while a positive effect was represented with the lower concentrations. The chemical analysis of the up-taking active ingredients was corroborated by the germination outputs.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Two Household Cleaning and Disinfecting Agents on Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) and Faba bean (Vicia faba) Seed Germination","authors":"Ahmed Helmy Hassan Abouelezz, T. Ahmed","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0023","url":null,"abstract":"A germination test of Vicia faba and Lens culinaris seeds under the effect of bleach and vinegar was conducted for seven days, and the observations were recorded daily. The completely randomized design (CRD) was used to examine the germination with three replicates at the lab conditions. Six germination parameters were measured, including germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), mean germination rate (MGR), vigour index (VI), plus the fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of Vicia faba and Lens culinaris seeds. As a legume crop seeds model, the efficacy of four treatment levels from 0.005% to 0.5% of bleach and vinegar on the germination was tested. A chemical analysis was performed using the ion chromatography (IC) to evaluate the effect of chloride and acetate anions up-take on the seedling germination in addition to other essential nutrients. A significant inhibition in seedling growth was observed with increasing the treatment concentration. The maximum inhibition was recorded for both seeds at 0.5%, followed by 0.1% levels, while a positive effect was represented with the lower concentrations. The chemical analysis of the up-taking active ingredients was corroborated by the germination outputs.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88745569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0019
O. Yigiterhan, Jassem A. Al-Thani, S. Dib, H. Alsaadi, E. M. Al-Ansari
The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Qatar is affected by extreme dust and extensive industrialization, making it an ideal location to examine influences of coastal processes on biological activity, which greatly affects marine biogeochemical cycling. In this study, the influence of dust on the trace element composition of plankton and how distance from shore effects elemental concentrations in marine plankton was investigated. Samples were collected using net tows with mesh sizes of 50 (bulkplankton) and 200 (zooplankton) mm size-fractions in 2012 and 2014 to examine temporal and spatial variabilities. The samples were strong acid digested and analyzed using ICP-OES. Trace metal clean techniques were used. The biogenic concentrations of trace metals were determined by correcting the bulk analyses for the lithogenic contribution using aluminum content of Qatari dust as a lithogenic tracer. The relative trace metal composition of plankton from EEZ of Qatar is Fe > Zn ≈ Cu > V ≈ Ni ≈ Cr ≈ As ≈ Mo > Cd ≈ Co. Small and large size planktonic compositions were similar, except for Ba, Mn, Pb, Mo which were higher in zooplankton than bulkplankton. It was not clear if the variability was due to differences in biology, proximity to the coast or interannual effects. The geochemical and statistical analysis suggested that the concentrations of Al, Fe, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, Li in net-tow plankton samples were mostly of lithogenic (dust) and Cd, Cu, Mo, Zn, Ca are most likely of biogenic/anthropogenic origin. The excess concentrations relative to average dust from Qatar for most elements (except Cd) decreased with distance from shore. This may be due to contamination or uncertainties with the lithogenic correction or due to our sampling locations in a marginal sea, dominated by dust input. This is an aspect of this study that warrants more research.
{"title":"The Influence of Qatari Dust on the Element Composition of Marine Plankton","authors":"O. Yigiterhan, Jassem A. Al-Thani, S. Dib, H. Alsaadi, E. M. Al-Ansari","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0019","url":null,"abstract":"The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Qatar is affected by extreme dust and extensive industrialization, making it an ideal location to examine influences of coastal processes on biological activity, which greatly affects marine biogeochemical cycling. In this study, the influence of dust on the trace element composition of plankton and how distance from shore effects elemental concentrations in marine plankton was investigated. Samples were collected using net tows with mesh sizes of 50 (bulkplankton) and 200 (zooplankton) mm size-fractions in 2012 and 2014 to examine temporal and spatial variabilities. The samples were strong acid digested and analyzed using ICP-OES. Trace metal clean techniques were used. The biogenic concentrations of trace metals were determined by correcting the bulk analyses for the lithogenic contribution using aluminum content of Qatari dust as a lithogenic tracer. The relative trace metal composition of plankton from EEZ of Qatar is Fe > Zn ≈ Cu > V ≈ Ni ≈ Cr ≈ As ≈ Mo > Cd ≈ Co. Small and large size planktonic compositions were similar, except for Ba, Mn, Pb, Mo which were higher in zooplankton than bulkplankton. It was not clear if the variability was due to differences in biology, proximity to the coast or interannual effects. The geochemical and statistical analysis suggested that the concentrations of Al, Fe, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, Li in net-tow plankton samples were mostly of lithogenic (dust) and Cd, Cu, Mo, Zn, Ca are most likely of biogenic/anthropogenic origin. The excess concentrations relative to average dust from Qatar for most elements (except Cd) decreased with distance from shore. This may be due to contamination or uncertainties with the lithogenic correction or due to our sampling locations in a marginal sea, dominated by dust input. This is an aspect of this study that warrants more research.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77042042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0079
Sajeel N K, Muni Raj Maurya, Mohammed Houkan, K. K. Sadasivuni
Additive Manufacturing (AM), typically referred to as rapid prototyping or three-dimensional (3D) printing has rapidly emerged as a sustainable, highly efficient and intelligent tool. Moreover, recent developments in novel materials and software tools have synergistically expanded the stage for additive manufacturing. Here we present the fabricated 3D printed objects for application in biomedical, sensor, gas filter and fluid flow controllers. The fabricated CO2 gas sensor exhibited the sensitivity of as low as 10 ppm and offered high selectivity towards other gases.
{"title":"Additive Manufacturing of Smart Material and Complex Structures","authors":"Sajeel N K, Muni Raj Maurya, Mohammed Houkan, K. K. Sadasivuni","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0079","url":null,"abstract":"Additive Manufacturing (AM), typically referred to as rapid prototyping or three-dimensional (3D) printing has rapidly emerged as a sustainable, highly efficient and intelligent tool. Moreover, recent developments in novel materials and software tools have synergistically expanded the stage for additive manufacturing. Here we present the fabricated 3D printed objects for application in biomedical, sensor, gas filter and fluid flow controllers. The fabricated CO2 gas sensor exhibited the sensitivity of as low as 10 ppm and offered high selectivity towards other gases.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87653477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0118
Laila Shafei, M. Izham, N. Billa
Curcumin, obtained from Curcuma longa, has been the subject of decades of scientific investigation on its therapeutic usefulness. It is reported to possess several therapeutic properties, of which anti-colon cancer is of interest in this review. Clinically, however, curcumin has yet to firm up its place among established anti-colon cancer therapeutic contenders. We aimed to systematically review the prevailing clinical evidence on the role of curcumin in colon cancer treatment. The review drawing from literature on clinical studies indicates fairly long-term tolerability. No regression of tumor was reported when curcumin was the sole intervention. An increase in p53 level expression was reported in a placebo-controlled study but no reduction in PGE2 or 5HETE. Pharmacokinetic data on healthy humans indicate that formulated curcumin delivery systems present significantly higher systemic bioavailability. It appears therefore that the clinical use of curcumin can potentially be realized only through appropriate formulation interventions
{"title":"Is curcumin at the threshold of therapeutic effectiveness on patients with colon cancer? – A systematic review","authors":"Laila Shafei, M. Izham, N. Billa","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0118","url":null,"abstract":"Curcumin, obtained from Curcuma longa, has been the subject of decades of scientific investigation on its therapeutic usefulness. It is reported to possess several therapeutic properties, of which anti-colon cancer is of interest in this review. Clinically, however, curcumin has yet to firm up its place among established anti-colon cancer therapeutic contenders. We aimed to systematically review the prevailing clinical evidence on the role of curcumin in colon cancer treatment. The review drawing from literature on clinical studies indicates fairly long-term tolerability. No regression of tumor was reported when curcumin was the sole intervention. An increase in p53 level expression was reported in a placebo-controlled study but no reduction in PGE2 or 5HETE. Pharmacokinetic data on healthy humans indicate that formulated curcumin delivery systems present significantly higher systemic bioavailability. It appears therefore that the clinical use of curcumin can potentially be realized only through appropriate formulation interventions","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87020983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0111
Salma Mohammed AlDakhakhny, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, H. Rathore, M. Hamed
Background Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is highly prevalent among hypertensive population. Previous date from studies and experiments have confirmed the reno-protective effect and tolerability of angiotensin receptor blockers in diabetic nephropathy. However, clinical data are lacking in hypertensive population. Objectives This is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the surrogate outcomes of renal protection with ARBs in hypertensive rodents to serve as a baseline for further studies. Methods The systematic review was conducted following the PRISM checklist. Four different databases were searched including PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect and SCOPUS. No restrictions were applied on dose, duration of follow up or ARBs used. Inclusion was restricted to experimental studies reporting means and SEM, published in English, addressing the PICO question and having a moderate to high quality. 37 total eligible articles were identified and Results: Of 25 reported primary outcomes in comparison to hypertensive untreated controls, 23 studies showed positive results supporting that ARBs induce reduction in proteinuria and/or albuminuria compared to hypertensive untreated controls. Similarly, in comparison to normotensive untreated controls, 9 of 12 studies showed positive results supporting that ARBs’ induced reduction in proteinuria and/or albuminuria can reach levels similar to normotensive controls. For the secondary outcomes, 12 of 18 reported outcomes showed significant improvement in CrCl or reduction in BUN compared to hypertensive untreated rats. Similarly, 10 of 17 outcomes reported showed that the improvement in secondary outcomes reached levels that are comparable to normotensive controls. Conclusion: Qualitative data from this systematic review support that ARBs have a Reno-protective effect in different hypertensive models and the effect is independent of BP lowering.
{"title":"Reno-protective Effect of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Models: A Systematic Review","authors":"Salma Mohammed AlDakhakhny, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim, H. Rathore, M. Hamed","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0111","url":null,"abstract":"Background Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is highly prevalent among hypertensive population. Previous date from studies and experiments have confirmed the reno-protective effect and tolerability of angiotensin receptor blockers in diabetic nephropathy. However, clinical data are lacking in hypertensive population. Objectives This is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the surrogate outcomes of renal protection with ARBs in hypertensive rodents to serve as a baseline for further studies. Methods The systematic review was conducted following the PRISM checklist. Four different databases were searched including PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect and SCOPUS. No restrictions were applied on dose, duration of follow up or ARBs used. Inclusion was restricted to experimental studies reporting means and SEM, published in English, addressing the PICO question and having a moderate to high quality. 37 total eligible articles were identified and Results: Of 25 reported primary outcomes in comparison to hypertensive untreated controls, 23 studies showed positive results supporting that ARBs induce reduction in proteinuria and/or albuminuria compared to hypertensive untreated controls. Similarly, in comparison to normotensive untreated controls, 9 of 12 studies showed positive results supporting that ARBs’ induced reduction in proteinuria and/or albuminuria can reach levels similar to normotensive controls. For the secondary outcomes, 12 of 18 reported outcomes showed significant improvement in CrCl or reduction in BUN compared to hypertensive untreated rats. Similarly, 10 of 17 outcomes reported showed that the improvement in secondary outcomes reached levels that are comparable to normotensive controls. Conclusion: Qualitative data from this systematic review support that ARBs have a Reno-protective effect in different hypertensive models and the effect is independent of BP lowering.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87318549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0101
Haya Samara, L. OHara
Background: Pain has been described by clinicians, patients, and researchers alike as a complex and challenging phenomenon. People have different experiences of pain. Nurses’ negative attitudes and lack of knowledge are major impediments to effective pain management. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional online survey using a validated self-administered questionnaire for post-operative registered nurses working in Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar. The dependent outcome was the score on the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain. Results: A total of 151 post-operative nurses participated in the study. The mean knowledge and attitudes (K&A) score was 19.6 (SD 4.5) out of 41 (48%), indicating a huge deficit in the nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about adult post-operative pain. No sociodemographic variables were associated with K&A scores. Neither the facility the nurses worked at nor hours of previous pain education were associated with K&A scores. Conclusions: There is a significant deficit in post-operative nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about pain in Hamad Medical Corporation, with no significant differences based on demographics or other characteristics. This suggests the deficit is widespread within the nursing workforce in Qatar. This deficit is potentially impacting significantly on pain assessment and management for adults in post-operative settings. Pragmatic research on evidence-based nursing educational courses focused on pain assessment and management is required to enhance nurses’ knowledge and attitudes and improve patient care. Key messages: Strategies to strengthen nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward pain in Qatar must be developed and tested.
{"title":"Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes about Adult Post-operative Pain Assessment and Management: A Cross-Sectional Study in Qatar","authors":"Haya Samara, L. OHara","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pain has been described by clinicians, patients, and researchers alike as a complex and challenging phenomenon. People have different experiences of pain. Nurses’ negative attitudes and lack of knowledge are major impediments to effective pain management. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional online survey using a validated self-administered questionnaire for post-operative registered nurses working in Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar. The dependent outcome was the score on the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain. Results: A total of 151 post-operative nurses participated in the study. The mean knowledge and attitudes (K&A) score was 19.6 (SD 4.5) out of 41 (48%), indicating a huge deficit in the nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about adult post-operative pain. No sociodemographic variables were associated with K&A scores. Neither the facility the nurses worked at nor hours of previous pain education were associated with K&A scores. Conclusions: There is a significant deficit in post-operative nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about pain in Hamad Medical Corporation, with no significant differences based on demographics or other characteristics. This suggests the deficit is widespread within the nursing workforce in Qatar. This deficit is potentially impacting significantly on pain assessment and management for adults in post-operative settings. Pragmatic research on evidence-based nursing educational courses focused on pain assessment and management is required to enhance nurses’ knowledge and attitudes and improve patient care. Key messages: Strategies to strengthen nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward pain in Qatar must be developed and tested.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87708611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0044
Iman Saleh, Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh
Spoilage from fresh produces is a worldwide concern that accompanies the global increase in food demand. Adverse human health and environmental effects of commercial pesticides is a major public concern. Botrytis cinerea is one of the top ten pathogens that affect fresh produce including strawberries’ shelf-life around the world. Botrytis cinerea can progress easily from infected fruits to healthy ones even at low storage temperatures, which can lead to spoilage of entire lots in few weeks. Strawberries are widely consumed raw berries, which are famous in their processed forms such as jam and juices. The delicate fruit has a very short postharvest life. It is susceptible to mechanical injuries, fast dehydration and fungal infection. Prosopis juliflora is an invasive tree in many countries including Qatar. In this report, the Prosopis juliflora water soluble leaves ethanolic (PJ-WS-LE) novel extraction method will be described with an evaluation of its effectiveness as antifungal agent and possible coating material for shelf-life extension. PJ-WS-LE extract showed total inhibition of Botrytis cinerea growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1mg/ml. Exposure to the extract affected badly the structure of the hyphal fungi. The extract extended also strawberries’ shelf-life by 2.32X. PJ-WS-LE extract will be chemically described and its effectiveness in the extension of other fresh produces’ shelf-life will be evaluated.
{"title":"Novel Prosopis Juliflora Leaf Ethanolic extract as natural Antifungal agent against Botrytis Cinerea: Application on Strawberries’ shelf-life extension","authors":"Iman Saleh, Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Spoilage from fresh produces is a worldwide concern that accompanies the global increase in food demand. Adverse human health and environmental effects of commercial pesticides is a major public concern. Botrytis cinerea is one of the top ten pathogens that affect fresh produce including strawberries’ shelf-life around the world. Botrytis cinerea can progress easily from infected fruits to healthy ones even at low storage temperatures, which can lead to spoilage of entire lots in few weeks. Strawberries are widely consumed raw berries, which are famous in their processed forms such as jam and juices. The delicate fruit has a very short postharvest life. It is susceptible to mechanical injuries, fast dehydration and fungal infection. Prosopis juliflora is an invasive tree in many countries including Qatar. In this report, the Prosopis juliflora water soluble leaves ethanolic (PJ-WS-LE) novel extraction method will be described with an evaluation of its effectiveness as antifungal agent and possible coating material for shelf-life extension. PJ-WS-LE extract showed total inhibition of Botrytis cinerea growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1mg/ml. Exposure to the extract affected badly the structure of the hyphal fungi. The extract extended also strawberries’ shelf-life by 2.32X. PJ-WS-LE extract will be chemically described and its effectiveness in the extension of other fresh produces’ shelf-life will be evaluated.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86031456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0160
Bajeela Aejas, Abdelaziz Bouras
Blockchain is in its way of revolutionizing different sectors with its decentralized peer-to-peer networking. Smart contracts are the piece of software that have written rules to be executed automatically to update the state of the block chain in a systematic way. One of the main use of Smart contract is in Supply Chain management. Supply Chain management deals with lot of legal contracts at a time. Contracts are agreements between two or more parties that define the duties and obligations for execution of any kind of activities. In this research, we are trying to automate the supply chain related contracts by identifying the important entities such as contract type, start date, end date etc., by using Natural Language Processing methods, then convert the contract to smart contract. This provides an efficient template for creation of smart contracts from natural language contracts and thereby offer best smart contract template for a given type of contract in Supply Chain.
{"title":"Effective Smart Contracts for Supply Chain Contracts","authors":"Bajeela Aejas, Abdelaziz Bouras","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0160","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain is in its way of revolutionizing different sectors with its decentralized peer-to-peer networking. Smart contracts are the piece of software that have written rules to be executed automatically to update the state of the block chain in a systematic way. One of the main use of Smart contract is in Supply Chain management. Supply Chain management deals with lot of legal contracts at a time. Contracts are agreements between two or more parties that define the duties and obligations for execution of any kind of activities. In this research, we are trying to automate the supply chain related contracts by identifying the important entities such as contract type, start date, end date etc., by using Natural Language Processing methods, then convert the contract to smart contract. This provides an efficient template for creation of smart contracts from natural language contracts and thereby offer best smart contract template for a given type of contract in Supply Chain.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86517988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0092
M. Smatti, Y. Al-Sarraj, O. Albagha, H. Yassine
Background: Infectious diseases (IDs) account for 8% of deaths annually in Qatar, and therefore, represent a significant challenge for public health. Interestingly, the spread and severity of viral infections vary considerably between individuals and populations. The most recent example is SARS-CoV-2, which ranges from mild/asymptomatic to a severe respiratory syndrome. It has been previously reported that polymorphisms in genes linked to immunity can influence individuals’ responses to infections as observed in tuberculosis, influenza, and HIV; however, studies exploring causal host genetic variants in IDs are still limited and dramatically skewed with regard to population inclusion. In fact, the genetic susceptibility to IDs in the Qatari population is largely unknown. Aim: To perform a comprehensive genetic screening to investigate the presence and frequency of variants previously associated with various infections in the Qatari population. Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was previously performed for 18,000 QBB participants using Illumina HiSeq X Ten1 sequencers. The initial data processing and quality assessment of the raw data has also been performed and variant calling files (VCF) were created. We were granted the access to the VCF files of 6,218 sequenced samples. The genetic variant data was then converted to PLINK file format using PLINK-1.9. Standardized quality-assurance and quality control (QA/QC) methods were followed to generate high quality and confidence on both SNPs and sample levels. The final file used for calculating allele frequency contained 6,047 subjects. Additionally, list of infections-related SNPs that were previously reported in the literature and deposited in GWAS catalog was extracted and used to calculate and compare the allelic frequency in the Qatari genomes compared to other populations. Results: The frequency of infections-related SNPs in the Qatari population was significantly lower for most infections. Most variants (78%) showed negative fold change in the Qatari genomes. Only 22% of all variants were more prevalent in Qatari population compared to others. The most significant differences were observed in genes related to TB and HIV (200-940 and 160-710 fold change, respectively). Conclusion: This study reports a lower susceptibility of the Qatari population to IDs in general. Nonetheless, this might also indicate the presence of unknown Qatari-unique variants and hence, highlights the need for further investigation in future GWAS.
背景:传染病占卡塔尔每年死亡人数的8%，因此对公共卫生构成重大挑战。有趣的是，病毒感染的传播和严重程度在个人和人群之间差别很大。最近的例子是SARS-CoV-2，它的范围从轻度/无症状到严重的呼吸综合征。此前有报道称，在结核病、流感和艾滋病毒中观察到，与免疫相关的基因多态性可以影响个体对感染的反应;然而，在IDs中探索因果宿主遗传变异的研究仍然有限，并且在人群纳入方面显着偏斜。事实上，卡塔尔人群对id的遗传易感性在很大程度上是未知的。目的:进行全面的遗传筛查，以调查卡塔尔人群中与各种感染相关的变异的存在和频率。方法:先前使用Illumina HiSeq X Ten1测序仪对18,000名QBB参与者进行了全基因组测序。对原始数据进行了初始数据处理和质量评估，并创建了变量调用文件(VCF)。我们被允许访问6218个测序样本的VCF文件。然后使用PLINK-1.9将遗传变异数据转换为PLINK文件格式。采用标准化的质量保证和质量控制(QA/QC)方法，在snp和样品水平上产生高质量和置信度。用于计算等位基因频率的最终文件包含6047名受试者。此外，提取GWAS目录中已有文献报道的与感染相关的snp列表，用于计算和比较卡塔尔人基因组中与其他人群相比的等位基因频率。结果:卡塔尔人群中感染相关snp的频率在大多数感染中明显较低。大多数变异(78%)在卡塔尔基因组中显示负折叠变化。所有变异中只有22%在卡塔尔人群中比其他人群更普遍。最显著的差异是与结核病和艾滋病相关的基因(分别为200-940倍和160-710倍)。结论:本研究报告了卡塔尔人群对IDs的总体易感性较低。尽管如此，这也可能表明存在未知的卡塔尔独有变体，因此，强调了未来GWAS进一步研究的必要性。
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