Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0003
Ahmad K. Sleiti, J. Kapat, L. Vesely, M. Al-Khawaja
Digital Twin (DT) is a digital representation of a machine, service, or production system that consists of models, information, and data used to characterize properties, conditions, and behavior of the system. Renewable energy integration will make future power plants more complex with addition of varieties of Power-to-X technologies, Electrolysis to green hydrogen, onsite storage and transport of hydrogen, and use of pure or blended hydrogen, etc. These future power plants need robust DT architecture to achieve high Reliability, Availability and Maintainability at lower cost. In this research work, a comprehensive and robust DT architecture for power plants is proposed that also can be implemented in other similar complex capital-intensive large engineering systems. The novelty and advantages of the proposed DT is asserted by reviewing the state-of-the-art of DT in energy industries and its potential to transform these industries. Then the proposed DT architecture and its five components are explained and discussed. More specifically, the main contributions of the present work include: 1. Overview of DT key research and development for energy savings applications to consider important findings, research gaps and the needed future development for the proposed DT for power plants. 2. Overview of DT key research for power plants including applications, frameworks and architectures to consider important findings and to confirm the novelty and robustness of the proposed DT. 3. Proposing and demonstrating new robust DT architecture for power plants and other similar complex capital-intensive large engineering systems.
{"title":"Digital Twin for Power Plants, Energy Savings and other Complex Engineering Systems","authors":"Ahmad K. Sleiti, J. Kapat, L. Vesely, M. Al-Khawaja","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Twin (DT) is a digital representation of a machine, service, or production system that consists of models, information, and data used to characterize properties, conditions, and behavior of the system. Renewable energy integration will make future power plants more complex with addition of varieties of Power-to-X technologies, Electrolysis to green hydrogen, onsite storage and transport of hydrogen, and use of pure or blended hydrogen, etc. These future power plants need robust DT architecture to achieve high Reliability, Availability and Maintainability at lower cost. In this research work, a comprehensive and robust DT architecture for power plants is proposed that also can be implemented in other similar complex capital-intensive large engineering systems. The novelty and advantages of the proposed DT is asserted by reviewing the state-of-the-art of DT in energy industries and its potential to transform these industries. Then the proposed DT architecture and its five components are explained and discussed. More specifically, the main contributions of the present work include: 1. Overview of DT key research and development for energy savings applications to consider important findings, research gaps and the needed future development for the proposed DT for power plants. 2. Overview of DT key research for power plants including applications, frameworks and architectures to consider important findings and to confirm the novelty and robustness of the proposed DT. 3. Proposing and demonstrating new robust DT architecture for power plants and other similar complex capital-intensive large engineering systems.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90165599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0193
فاطمة محمد النعيمي, ميسون إسماعيل أبوحمده
هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أهم معوقات التواصل بين أولياء أمور طلاب من ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد ومعلميهم في مدارس مختلفة في دولة قطر، وذلك من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الكمي والوصفي المسحي والتحليلي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من عشرة آباء وأمهات لطلاب ذوي اضطراب التوحد، وُزّعت عليهم استبانة تستكشف وجهات نظرهم بشأن مستوى التعاون فيما بينهم وبين معلمي أطفالهم، إضافة إلى استقراء أهم المعوقات التي تحول دون تواصل فعال في مصلحة أطفالهم. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة، بعد تحليل إجابات أولياء الأمور باستخدام برنامج (15 Stata)، أن مستوى التواصل الذي عبّر عنه أولياء الأمور يقع في المستوى المرتفع، في حين ترتبت عوائق التواصل وفق المجالات التي صنفناها في المستوى المتوسط، وهي أولًا عدم مساواة الطلاب من ذوي اضطراب التوحد بغيرهم من حيث الأنشطة المتنوعة التي تناسب التفاوتات فيما بينهم، وثانيًا احترام الطفل من حيث نقاط قوته، أو أسرته من حيث مشاركتها أو مراعاة ثقافتها، لننتقل إلى المعوق الثالث المتمثل في حقوق الأسرة، ولا سيما مشاركة أولياء الأمور في اجتماعات لمناقشة أوضاع أطفالهم أو تقييمهم لفعاليات تخصهم؛ ما انعكس على ضعف ثقة أولياء الأمور بقرارات المدرسة التي تخص أطفالهم، أو بالكفاءة المهنية لأخصائيي المدرسة ومعلميها والتزامهم. وأخيرًا أوصت الدراسة بضرورة إيجاد مجلس أولياء الأمور الخاص بأطفال ذوي اضطراب التوحد؛ لتحسين التعاون والتواصل فيما بينهم ومعلميهم لتحقيق أعلى فاعلية للتواصل.
{"title":"معوقات التواصل بين المعلمين وأولياء أمور الطلاب ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور في دولة قطر","authors":"فاطمة محمد النعيمي, ميسون إسماعيل أبوحمده","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0193","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أهم معوقات التواصل بين أولياء أمور طلاب من ذوي اضطراب طيف التوحد ومعلميهم في مدارس مختلفة في دولة قطر، وذلك من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الكمي والوصفي المسحي والتحليلي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من عشرة آباء وأمهات لطلاب ذوي اضطراب التوحد، وُزّعت عليهم استبانة تستكشف وجهات نظرهم بشأن مستوى التعاون فيما بينهم وبين معلمي أطفالهم، إضافة إلى استقراء أهم المعوقات التي تحول دون تواصل فعال في مصلحة أطفالهم. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة، بعد تحليل إجابات أولياء الأمور باستخدام برنامج (15 Stata)، أن مستوى التواصل الذي عبّر عنه أولياء الأمور يقع في المستوى المرتفع، في حين ترتبت عوائق التواصل وفق المجالات التي صنفناها في المستوى المتوسط، وهي أولًا عدم مساواة الطلاب من ذوي اضطراب التوحد بغيرهم من حيث الأنشطة المتنوعة التي تناسب التفاوتات فيما بينهم، وثانيًا احترام الطفل من حيث نقاط قوته، أو أسرته من حيث مشاركتها أو مراعاة ثقافتها، لننتقل إلى المعوق الثالث المتمثل في حقوق الأسرة، ولا سيما مشاركة أولياء الأمور في اجتماعات لمناقشة أوضاع أطفالهم أو تقييمهم لفعاليات تخصهم؛ ما انعكس على ضعف ثقة أولياء الأمور بقرارات المدرسة التي تخص أطفالهم، أو بالكفاءة المهنية لأخصائيي المدرسة ومعلميها والتزامهم. وأخيرًا أوصت الدراسة بضرورة إيجاد مجلس أولياء الأمور الخاص بأطفال ذوي اضطراب التوحد؛ لتحسين التعاون والتواصل فيما بينهم ومعلميهم لتحقيق أعلى فاعلية للتواصل.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88865329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0009
Tasneem Elmakki, Sifani Zavahir, Mona Gulied, Reem S. Azam, P. Kasák, A. Popelka, D. Han
In the last decade, there has been an increased global need for finding bright solutions to tackle industrial wastes and emissions release. Herein, this work explores the utilization of a compact Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) system that transforms the chemical potential energy of mixing an ammonia based purified industrial wastewater stream (low concentration stream - LC), with an effluent high salinity RO brine stream (High concentration-HC) into viable electrical energy. The LC and HC streams are directed from ammonia production plants and seawater reverse osmosis desalination plants, respectively. The acquired electrical energy from this RED process is simultaneously used to power an Electrochemical (EC) system. The electrochemical system utilizes two critical waste streams produced from ammonia production plants. One being a wastewater stream that is purified in the anode chamber of the cell via the use of active chlorine species, and the other being the huge amount of emitted CO2 that is directed into the cathode chamber and there converted to value added chemicals. The purified wastewater stream coming out of the EC system is used as the aforementioned LC stream in the RED process, hence, forming an integrated RED-EC system that manages industrial waste streams, minimizes liquid discharge & CO2 emissions, and employs a sustainable internal energy production process. In this study, the RED system is first optimized to attain the maximum power density through exploring the influence of concentrate and dilute stream concentrations, compositions and flowrates. In addition, to the number of membrane pairs needed to produce desired voltages. The RED cell gave a maximum power density of 3.25 W.m-2 with 20 membrane pairs and a salinity gradient of 0.98M between a concentrated brine stream and a mixed NaCl/(NH4)2SO4 stream. Furthermore, around 15 cell pairs were needed to provide -1.5 V of energy to drive CO2 conversion to formate.
在过去的十年里，全球越来越需要找到解决工业废物和排放的解决方案。在此，本研究探索了紧凑型反电渗析(RED)系统的利用，该系统将氨基净化工业废水流(低浓度流- LC)与排出的高盐度RO盐水流(高浓度- hc)混合的化学势能转化为可行的电能。LC和HC流分别来自氨生产厂和海水反渗透淡化厂。从该RED过程中获得的电能同时用于为电化学(EC)系统供电。电化学系统利用从氨生产厂产生的两个关键废物流。一种是废水流，通过使用活性氯在电池的阳极室净化，另一种是大量排放的二氧化碳，直接进入阴极室，在那里转化为增值化学品。从EC系统出来的纯化废水流在RED过程中用作上述LC流，从而形成一个集成的RED-EC系统，管理工业废水流，最大限度地减少液体排放和二氧化碳排放，并采用可持续的内能生产过程。在本研究中，首先通过探索浓、稀流浓度、成分和流量的影响，对RED系统进行优化，以获得最大功率密度。此外，需要产生所需电压的膜对的数量。RED细胞的最大功率密度为3.25 w - m-2，膜对为20对，浓盐水流和混合NaCl/(NH4)2SO4流的盐度梯度为0.98M。此外，大约需要15对电池来提供-1.5 V的能量来驱动二氧化碳转化为甲酸。
{"title":"Simultaneous CO2 Treatment and Blue Energy Generation from Wasted Industrial Streams","authors":"Tasneem Elmakki, Sifani Zavahir, Mona Gulied, Reem S. Azam, P. Kasák, A. Popelka, D. Han","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, there has been an increased global need for finding bright solutions to tackle industrial wastes and emissions release. Herein, this work explores the utilization of a compact Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) system that transforms the chemical potential energy of mixing an ammonia based purified industrial wastewater stream (low concentration stream - LC), with an effluent high salinity RO brine stream (High concentration-HC) into viable electrical energy. The LC and HC streams are directed from ammonia production plants and seawater reverse osmosis desalination plants, respectively. The acquired electrical energy from this RED process is simultaneously used to power an Electrochemical (EC) system. The electrochemical system utilizes two critical waste streams produced from ammonia production plants. One being a wastewater stream that is purified in the anode chamber of the cell via the use of active chlorine species, and the other being the huge amount of emitted CO2 that is directed into the cathode chamber and there converted to value added chemicals. The purified wastewater stream coming out of the EC system is used as the aforementioned LC stream in the RED process, hence, forming an integrated RED-EC system that manages industrial waste streams, minimizes liquid discharge & CO2 emissions, and employs a sustainable internal energy production process. In this study, the RED system is first optimized to attain the maximum power density through exploring the influence of concentrate and dilute stream concentrations, compositions and flowrates. In addition, to the number of membrane pairs needed to produce desired voltages. The RED cell gave a maximum power density of 3.25 W.m-2 with 20 membrane pairs and a salinity gradient of 0.98M between a concentrated brine stream and a mixed NaCl/(NH4)2SO4 stream. Furthermore, around 15 cell pairs were needed to provide -1.5 V of energy to drive CO2 conversion to formate.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76753545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0022
M. Abdulla, Azenith B. Castillo
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants, which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to investigate the type, origin and weathering of petroleum in the coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentrations of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 µg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 µg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA). Pollution concentration profile is site specific where concentrations are high within the proximity of the source and derived from both direct inputs of petrogenic and pyrogenic contribution.
{"title":"Origin of TPHs and PAHs in Marine Sediment nearby Oil and Gas Extraction Sites on the West Coast of Qatar","authors":"M. Abdulla, Azenith B. Castillo","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants, which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to investigate the type, origin and weathering of petroleum in the coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentrations of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 µg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 µg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA). Pollution concentration profile is site specific where concentrations are high within the proximity of the source and derived from both direct inputs of petrogenic and pyrogenic contribution.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85649116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0175
Abdoulaye Diop, L. Kiên, Buthaina Al Khelaifi, Haneen Al Qassass, L. Bader, Engi Elmaghraby, Semsia Al-Ali Mustafa
From September 22 2020 to January 19 2021, the Social and Economic Survey Research Institute (SESRI) at Qatar University surveyed 2,760 individuals, including Qatari nationals, higher-income and lower-income expatriates about Qatar’s recent Labor Law changes. The survey is based on a nationally representative sample interviewed by telephone in nine different languages. The survey shows that both Qataris and resident expatriates have a mostly positive perception of the recent Labor Law changes and their impact on Qatar’s economy and the working and living conditions of expatriates. However, the findings also indicate that public awareness surrounding the new legislative reforms remains low.
{"title":"Qatar’s Labor Law changes and Workers’ Welfare: Attitudes & Perceptions for a Sustainable Future","authors":"Abdoulaye Diop, L. Kiên, Buthaina Al Khelaifi, Haneen Al Qassass, L. Bader, Engi Elmaghraby, Semsia Al-Ali Mustafa","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0175","url":null,"abstract":"From September 22 2020 to January 19 2021, the Social and Economic Survey Research Institute (SESRI) at Qatar University surveyed 2,760 individuals, including Qatari nationals, higher-income and lower-income expatriates about Qatar’s recent Labor Law changes. The survey is based on a nationally representative sample interviewed by telephone in nine different languages. The survey shows that both Qataris and resident expatriates have a mostly positive perception of the recent Labor Law changes and their impact on Qatar’s economy and the working and living conditions of expatriates. However, the findings also indicate that public awareness surrounding the new legislative reforms remains low.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85725806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0029
J. Al-Khayat, V. S, Aboobacker V.M, V. P.
{"title":"Assemblage of Encrusting Organisms on Floating Marine Debris along the West Coast of Qatar","authors":"J. Al-Khayat, V. S, Aboobacker V.M, V. P.","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84727638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0068
A. Ahmed, Khalid Ameen Alzowkari, Tha'er Zeyad Allouh, Abdallah Saed Al Yafei, Asan Gani Abdul Muthalif
This project presents an innovation to be developed in wheelchairs used nowadays to provide its users with better life quality, elevates the level of their ambitions and to enable them to overcome today’s special needs obstacles in different fields. As engineers, it is our role to contribute to finding answers to the world’s dilemmas through applying a detailed analysis of the issue addressed and what are the possible solutions to it based on the knowledge obtained through our academic and experimental experience. Wheelchair users are suffering from discrimination in different aspects of life, such as work opportunities, usage of public facilities and many other life aspects. The standing wheelchair with built-in climate control system will introduce a new horizon for its users in the search of social equality and achievement. The mechanism to be developed is made of 4 different subsystems that demonstrate different mechanical engineering disciplines, which are mainly mechanical mechanisms, control systems, heat transfer, material science, thermodynamics, and mechanical statics-dynamics.
{"title":"Standing Wheelchair with Built-in Climate Control System","authors":"A. Ahmed, Khalid Ameen Alzowkari, Tha'er Zeyad Allouh, Abdallah Saed Al Yafei, Asan Gani Abdul Muthalif","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0068","url":null,"abstract":"This project presents an innovation to be developed in wheelchairs used nowadays to provide its users with better life quality, elevates the level of their ambitions and to enable them to overcome today’s special needs obstacles in different fields. As engineers, it is our role to contribute to finding answers to the world’s dilemmas through applying a detailed analysis of the issue addressed and what are the possible solutions to it based on the knowledge obtained through our academic and experimental experience. Wheelchair users are suffering from discrimination in different aspects of life, such as work opportunities, usage of public facilities and many other life aspects. The standing wheelchair with built-in climate control system will introduce a new horizon for its users in the search of social equality and achievement. The mechanism to be developed is made of 4 different subsystems that demonstrate different mechanical engineering disciplines, which are mainly mechanical mechanisms, control systems, heat transfer, material science, thermodynamics, and mechanical statics-dynamics.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87683329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0084
Onur Mutlu, H. Yalcin
Total cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence has risen dramatically from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019, and CVD fatalities rose gradually from 12.1 million in 1990 to 18.6 million in 2019. According to American Heart Association statistics, annual heart valve procedures in the United States were above 100,000 in 2013, with approximately 50,000 AV replacements. The ideal replacement valve should be durable, resistant to thrombosis, and have excellent hemodynamics features. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been introduced about two decades ago as an alternative for minimally invasive implantation of new generation bioprosthetic heart valves. Computational modeling can be used during therapy planning for the selection of appropriate replacement valves for TAVR. In this NPRP funded project, we are establishing a mechanical and FSI analysis path, for a detailed patient-specific hemodynamics analysis for TAVR, considering the most important parameters affecting TAV efficiency. This approach will enable the choice of the most suitable TAV type and deployment position for the treatment. TAV which is crimped and placed into the catheter by mechanical analysis is deployed in a patient-specific geometry in a virtual treatment then contact pressure and the stress are measured on the aortic root, stent, and aortic leaflets. TAV performance indicators are determined by FSI analysis using coupled ABAQUS and Flow-vision software. With this advanced analysis and simulation path, we expect to estimate accurately the clinical TAVR parameters such as contact pressure, contact area, principal stress, etc. before the operation during therapy planning. This approach will help clinicians in optimal valve selection for TAVR patients.
{"title":"Patient Specific Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Therapy Pathway with Computational Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis","authors":"Onur Mutlu, H. Yalcin","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0084","url":null,"abstract":"Total cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence has risen dramatically from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019, and CVD fatalities rose gradually from 12.1 million in 1990 to 18.6 million in 2019. According to American Heart Association statistics, annual heart valve procedures in the United States were above 100,000 in 2013, with approximately 50,000 AV replacements. The ideal replacement valve should be durable, resistant to thrombosis, and have excellent hemodynamics features. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been introduced about two decades ago as an alternative for minimally invasive implantation of new generation bioprosthetic heart valves. Computational modeling can be used during therapy planning for the selection of appropriate replacement valves for TAVR. In this NPRP funded project, we are establishing a mechanical and FSI analysis path, for a detailed patient-specific hemodynamics analysis for TAVR, considering the most important parameters affecting TAV efficiency. This approach will enable the choice of the most suitable TAV type and deployment position for the treatment. TAV which is crimped and placed into the catheter by mechanical analysis is deployed in a patient-specific geometry in a virtual treatment then contact pressure and the stress are measured on the aortic root, stent, and aortic leaflets. TAV performance indicators are determined by FSI analysis using coupled ABAQUS and Flow-vision software. With this advanced analysis and simulation path, we expect to estimate accurately the clinical TAVR parameters such as contact pressure, contact area, principal stress, etc. before the operation during therapy planning. This approach will help clinicians in optimal valve selection for TAVR patients.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85137704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0123
Halima Saadia, Safeya Habib, M. Zolezzi
Public cultivates perceptions and beliefs through mass media. Although considerable progress in the diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has emerged over the last decade, negative media stereotypes about ASD and its treatments are amongst the most hurtful and socially limiting stigma experiences reported by mental health service consumers and family members. The objectives of this study were to explore the portrayal of ASD and its treatments through a content analysis of the daily Qatari newspapers. A total of 178 ASD-related articles were found in 1 year of newspaper coverage. The majority of the articles reported on general news or event, rather than on the scientific or social aspects of ASD. The discourse analysis revealed significantly more stigmatizing statements in articles in Arabic compared to those in English newspapers. Most of the treatments discussed in the print media had insufficient or lacked scientific evidence. Qatar has recently implemented the “National Autism Strategy”, which aims for the inclusion of ASD in society. Collaborative efforts with the media will be necessary to achieve this aim.
{"title":"Portrayal of Autism Spectrum Disorder and related treatments in Qatar’s printed media","authors":"Halima Saadia, Safeya Habib, M. Zolezzi","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0123","url":null,"abstract":"Public cultivates perceptions and beliefs through mass media. Although considerable progress in the diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has emerged over the last decade, negative media stereotypes about ASD and its treatments are amongst the most hurtful and socially limiting stigma experiences reported by mental health service consumers and family members. The objectives of this study were to explore the portrayal of ASD and its treatments through a content analysis of the daily Qatari newspapers. A total of 178 ASD-related articles were found in 1 year of newspaper coverage. The majority of the articles reported on general news or event, rather than on the scientific or social aspects of ASD. The discourse analysis revealed significantly more stigmatizing statements in articles in Arabic compared to those in English newspapers. Most of the treatments discussed in the print media had insufficient or lacked scientific evidence. Qatar has recently implemented the “National Autism Strategy”, which aims for the inclusion of ASD in society. Collaborative efforts with the media will be necessary to achieve this aim.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84313674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.29117/quarfe.2021.0191
ميادة سعد النمروطي, هنادي منصور الخاطر, أسامة محمد بطاينة
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى فاعلية وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في تحقيق التواصل والتعاون بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة في قطر. وقد اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الكمي والكيفي للإجابة عن تساؤلاتها، واستخدم الباحثون مقياس الشراكة من إعداد خليفة (2018)، كما أجرى الباحثون مقابلة مقننة من إعداد خليفة (2018) مع اختصاصية في التربية الخاصة كأداة للدارسة؛ حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (23) من الآباء والأمهات ممن لديهم طفل من ذوي الإعاقة. وقد أسفرت النتائج عن أن هناك اختلافًا في نتائج كل من الاستبانة والمقابلة مع الاختصاصية حول مدى الاستفادة من استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في عملية التواصل والتعاون بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة؛ حيث حصل التواصل الاجتماعي في تحليل الاستبانة على الترتيب السادس بنسبة بلغت 66.08%، الأمر الذي لم يتفق مع استجابات الاختصاصية التي أكدت على أهمية التواصل الاجتماعي في عملية التواصل؛ فقد وصلت نسبة الاستفادة من وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لدى الاختصاصية 100%. وفي المقابل أوضحت النتائج أن مبدأ التواصل فعال بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة؛ حيث حصل على الترتيب الثاني بين مبادئ التعاون التسعة بنسبة بلغت 68.91%، وهي نتيجة معززة لأهداف الدراسة نسبيًا، وتأكدت تلك النتيجة من خلال استجابات الاختصاصية التي قدمت أساليب وطرقًا متنوعة للتواصل.
{"title":"فاعلية وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في تحقيق التواصل والتعاون بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة","authors":"ميادة سعد النمروطي, هنادي منصور الخاطر, أسامة محمد بطاينة","doi":"10.29117/quarfe.2021.0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0191","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى فاعلية وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في تحقيق التواصل والتعاون بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة في قطر. وقد اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الكمي والكيفي للإجابة عن تساؤلاتها، واستخدم الباحثون مقياس الشراكة من إعداد خليفة (2018)، كما أجرى الباحثون مقابلة مقننة من إعداد خليفة (2018) مع اختصاصية في التربية الخاصة كأداة للدارسة؛ حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (23) من الآباء والأمهات ممن لديهم طفل من ذوي الإعاقة. وقد أسفرت النتائج عن أن هناك اختلافًا في نتائج كل من الاستبانة والمقابلة مع الاختصاصية حول مدى الاستفادة من استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في عملية التواصل والتعاون بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة؛ حيث حصل التواصل الاجتماعي في تحليل الاستبانة على الترتيب السادس بنسبة بلغت 66.08%، الأمر الذي لم يتفق مع استجابات الاختصاصية التي أكدت على أهمية التواصل الاجتماعي في عملية التواصل؛ فقد وصلت نسبة الاستفادة من وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لدى الاختصاصية 100%. وفي المقابل أوضحت النتائج أن مبدأ التواصل فعال بين المدرسة وأولياء أمور ذوي الإعاقة؛ حيث حصل على الترتيب الثاني بين مبادئ التعاون التسعة بنسبة بلغت 68.91%، وهي نتيجة معززة لأهداف الدراسة نسبيًا، وتأكدت تلك النتيجة من خلال استجابات الاختصاصية التي قدمت أساليب وطرقًا متنوعة للتواصل.","PeriodicalId":9295,"journal":{"name":"Building Resilience at Universities: Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89179424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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