Pub Date : 2019-01-24DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555811
M. Pathak
A 50-year-old man and his son were killed in an explosion in a Varanasi village Wednesday 29-08-2018. The incident took place in Milkipur village under Chaubeypur police station of Varanasi district, UP, India in the early hours. The deceased used to run a fodder shop on the ground floor of their house for the last two decades. The killed old man and his nephew 12 years old boy, who was sleeping on another cot a few metres away, claimed that he did not hear anything and came to know about the killing incident only in the morning. Police suspected that bombs placed under their cots exploded while they were asleep. Later in the course of investigation, it was revealed that the accused had motive for this homicide and that was a meagre 10 feet disputed land between the accused and the deceased. Introduction
{"title":"Twin Blast That Ripples the Tranquillity of Temple Town: An Autopsy as Well as Sem-Eds Based Study of Post Blast Residues","authors":"M. Pathak","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555811","url":null,"abstract":"A 50-year-old man and his son were killed in an explosion in a Varanasi village Wednesday 29-08-2018. The incident took place in Milkipur village under Chaubeypur police station of Varanasi district, UP, India in the early hours. The deceased used to run a fodder shop on the ground floor of their house for the last two decades. The killed old man and his nephew 12 years old boy, who was sleeping on another cot a few metres away, claimed that he did not hear anything and came to know about the killing incident only in the morning. Police suspected that bombs placed under their cots exploded while they were asleep. Later in the course of investigation, it was revealed that the accused had motive for this homicide and that was a meagre 10 feet disputed land between the accused and the deceased. Introduction","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42533763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555809
S. Mihailides
Formulating treatment concepts that deploy methamphetamine and metacognition for psychopharmacological interventions has an evidence-base about metacognition and its role in agency [1-3]. Hart et al. [1], Hart et al. [2], and Kirkpatrick et al. [3] developed the pharmacological science noting the benefit of methamphetamine for metacognitive functioning. From that foundation, three domains of therapeutic utility are defined. Pharmacological theory outlines the known treatment benefits recorded for over a century of prior methamphetamine science. From that evidence base, five treatment principles for the psychopharmacological modality are developed. The treatment principles are grounded within the overarching framework of Albert Bandura’s theory of Triadic Reciprocal Determinism [4]. In an alliance of grounding, Albert Bandura’s ideas are developed within Wells and Matthews [5] metacognitive theory and applied to methamphetamine science for treatment concepts. The proposed role of stimulant-fortified metacognition for accelerating resolution of psychosexual traumas is emphasised in the treatment innovation. Materials are summarised within this framework under the fortified-cognition hypothesis. The third focus of the review is upon relapse-prevention, emphasising awe and its affective footprint during and post pharmacological support, for mounting metacognition post dosing, in an adaptation to practice reversing existing dependency.
制定将甲基苯丙胺和元认知用于精神药理学干预的治疗概念，具有关于元认知及其在代理中的作用的证据基础[1-3]。Hart et al. [1]， Hart et al.[1]和Kirkpatrick et al.[3]发展了药理学，注意到甲基苯丙胺对元认知功能的益处。在此基础上，定义了治疗效用的三个领域。药理学理论概述了一个多世纪以来甲基苯丙胺科学研究中已知的治疗效果。在此基础上，提出了精神药理学模式的五个治疗原则。治疗原则是建立在阿尔伯特·班杜拉(Albert Bandura)的三位一体相互决定论(Triadic Reciprocal Determinism)理论的总体框架内。在基础的联盟中，阿尔伯特·班杜拉的想法在威尔斯和马修斯的元认知理论中得到发展，并应用于甲基苯丙胺科学的治疗概念。在治疗创新中强调了兴奋剂强化元认知对加速解决性心理创伤的作用。材料在强化认知假说的框架下进行总结。回顾的第三个重点是预防复发，强调敬畏及其在药物支持期间和之后的情感足迹，增加剂量后的元认知，以适应逆转现有依赖的实践。
{"title":"Forensic, Medicinal Deployment of Methamphetamine, for Metacognition, CBT, Relapse Prevention Innovation and Sexual Traumas","authors":"S. Mihailides","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555809","url":null,"abstract":"Formulating treatment concepts that deploy methamphetamine and metacognition for psychopharmacological interventions has an evidence-base about metacognition and its role in agency [1-3]. Hart et al. [1], Hart et al. [2], and Kirkpatrick et al. [3] developed the pharmacological science noting the benefit of methamphetamine for metacognitive functioning. From that foundation, three domains of therapeutic utility are defined. Pharmacological theory outlines the known treatment benefits recorded for over a century of prior methamphetamine science. From that evidence base, five treatment principles for the psychopharmacological modality are developed. The treatment principles are grounded within the overarching framework of Albert Bandura’s theory of Triadic Reciprocal Determinism [4]. In an alliance of grounding, Albert Bandura’s ideas are developed within Wells and Matthews [5] metacognitive theory and applied to methamphetamine science for treatment concepts. The proposed role of stimulant-fortified metacognition for accelerating resolution of psychosexual traumas is emphasised in the treatment innovation. Materials are summarised within this framework under the fortified-cognition hypothesis. The third focus of the review is upon relapse-prevention, emphasising awe and its affective footprint during and post pharmacological support, for mounting metacognition post dosing, in an adaptation to practice reversing existing dependency.","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46773192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-18DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555808
Ksenija Butorac
Numerous foreign researchers [1-4]. but also researchers in the Republic of Croatia [5-9]. conducted a series of scientific researches primarily related to the criminological characteristics of homicides, family homicides, and homicide of intimate partners. Given that a number of authors were primarily concerned with the research of the criminological characteristics of family homicides, in this paper, apart from some criminological characteristics related to homicide perpetrators, it was also investigated how these perpetrators behaved in relation with their certain characteristics in the course of criminal investigation at the police station, or whether they admit or denounce the criminal offense they were charged during the interview. The manner in which they gave their statement to the police was interesting to investigate also due to the fact that a year ago, in Croatian criminal legislation, significant amendments took place in the context of the police officers’ handling of an interview with the suspect Namely, in the Republic of Croatia, the procedure of police officers during criminal investigation is standardized by the Criminal Procedure Act [10 ], the Police Duties and Powers Act [11] and the Code of Practice for Police Officers. The mentioned significant amendment in Croatian criminal legislation occurred in the last VII. Novella of Criminal Procedure Act. At that time, Directive 2013/48 / EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in European arrest warrant proceedings, and on the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty (hereinafter referred to as the Directive 2013/48 / EU) was transposed. Unlike the previous period in which the police conducted an informal interview with the suspect, the Article 208a of the Criminal Procedure Act formalizes the suspect’s questioning by police officers by determining the content of the summons to the suspect for questioning, the content of the instruction on his/her rights to be given before the questioning, clear warnings about the right to a lawyer, the course of questioning and its recording (audio-video recording), as well as the consequences of the violation of thus prescribed manner of suspect’s questioning Considering the new provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act, and taking into account that the practical aspect of informal investigative interview with the suspect is of Abstract
{"title":"Family Homicide in The Republic Of Croatia: Perpetrators’ Characteristics In Regard to Their Statement When Conducting The Interview","authors":"Ksenija Butorac","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555808","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous foreign researchers [1-4]. but also researchers in the Republic of Croatia [5-9]. conducted a series of scientific researches primarily related to the criminological characteristics of homicides, family homicides, and homicide of intimate partners. Given that a number of authors were primarily concerned with the research of the criminological characteristics of family homicides, in this paper, apart from some criminological characteristics related to homicide perpetrators, it was also investigated how these perpetrators behaved in relation with their certain characteristics in the course of criminal investigation at the police station, or whether they admit or denounce the criminal offense they were charged during the interview. The manner in which they gave their statement to the police was interesting to investigate also due to the fact that a year ago, in Croatian criminal legislation, significant amendments took place in the context of the police officers’ handling of an interview with the suspect Namely, in the Republic of Croatia, the procedure of police officers during criminal investigation is standardized by the Criminal Procedure Act [10 ], the Police Duties and Powers Act [11] and the Code of Practice for Police Officers. The mentioned significant amendment in Croatian criminal legislation occurred in the last VII. Novella of Criminal Procedure Act. At that time, Directive 2013/48 / EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in European arrest warrant proceedings, and on the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty (hereinafter referred to as the Directive 2013/48 / EU) was transposed. Unlike the previous period in which the police conducted an informal interview with the suspect, the Article 208a of the Criminal Procedure Act formalizes the suspect’s questioning by police officers by determining the content of the summons to the suspect for questioning, the content of the instruction on his/her rights to be given before the questioning, clear warnings about the right to a lawyer, the course of questioning and its recording (audio-video recording), as well as the consequences of the violation of thus prescribed manner of suspect’s questioning Considering the new provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act, and taking into account that the practical aspect of informal investigative interview with the suspect is of Abstract","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68373584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555805
Joseba Lizeaga
{"title":"How Many Hands Are in the Texts of Ostraca Found in Iruña-Veleia (Spain)?","authors":"Joseba Lizeaga","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42785237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-17DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555803
J. Kaur
It is a well-known tendency that people generally disguised their voices to fleece criminology branch such that in extortion case, for kidnapping and even during emergency police calls. As the horizon of crime is increasing day by day so it is difficult to solve these cases by traditional methods. The Law should be at least one step before the crime, so forensic scientists are researching new discoveries every day. Every human being is different from other in terms of age, gender, weight and voice etc. so they response differently to different emotions. Principle of disguise defined as modification of voice of one person to sound differently or like another person [1-3]. For manual FSI, identification rate by normal voices can be degraded by the voice variations from great background noise, different transmission channels, illnesses, etc. Due to various applications of forensic science in our daily life, it has become strenuous to perceive the synergy among different emotions for a recognition system. Many of the behaviors felt or exhibited by humans can be detected by analysis of that person’s voice [4-6]. These are:
{"title":"Role of Acoustic Cues in Conveying Emotion in Speech","authors":"J. Kaur","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555803","url":null,"abstract":"It is a well-known tendency that people generally disguised their voices to fleece criminology branch such that in extortion case, for kidnapping and even during emergency police calls. As the horizon of crime is increasing day by day so it is difficult to solve these cases by traditional methods. The Law should be at least one step before the crime, so forensic scientists are researching new discoveries every day. Every human being is different from other in terms of age, gender, weight and voice etc. so they response differently to different emotions. Principle of disguise defined as modification of voice of one person to sound differently or like another person [1-3]. For manual FSI, identification rate by normal voices can be degraded by the voice variations from great background noise, different transmission channels, illnesses, etc. Due to various applications of forensic science in our daily life, it has become strenuous to perceive the synergy among different emotions for a recognition system. Many of the behaviors felt or exhibited by humans can be detected by analysis of that person’s voice [4-6]. These are:","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44559355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-03DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555802
R. Tyagi
Gender estimation is an important aspect of personal identification and thus, has an immense forensic relevance. When an unidentified human body is encountered at a crime scene, it becomes important to establish its identity, for further legal procedures and also to hand over the body to its authorized family. The personal identification is established by determining the gender, age, stature and race of an individual followed by individual features identification. The gender estimation being an important part of personal identification needs to be determined first. This is a crucial step in establishing the personal identity of an individual, because the age and stature determination is dependent on the gender of the individual. The process of personal identification begins by narrowing down a cluster of individuals step by step till the individual we are looking for is finally identified. Thus, the role of sexual dimorphism comes into play. Secondary sexual characteristics are one of the most easy and frequently used methods. However, it should[1-6].Canines and sex determinationbe kept in mind that in certain cases, the body encountered may be decomposed beyond recognition or may be mutilated, where secondary sexual characteristics may play no role. Hence, with forensic aspect, the dimorphism in the teeth can be of immense significance. It may be a great forensic tool for the determination of sex from the human remains, because it is highly resistant to decay. In 1973, a study established certain differences in the canine teeth of both the human genders. [1] Subsequently, two more studies conducted in the year 1967 and 1989 respectively, further established the canine dimorphism among both the human genders.
{"title":"Sex Determination Using Canine Dimorphism: Forensic Relevance","authors":"R. Tyagi","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.11.555802","url":null,"abstract":"Gender estimation is an important aspect of personal identification and thus, has an immense forensic relevance. When an unidentified human body is encountered at a crime scene, it becomes important to establish its identity, for further legal procedures and also to hand over the body to its authorized family. The personal identification is established by determining the gender, age, stature and race of an individual followed by individual features identification. The gender estimation being an important part of personal identification needs to be determined first. This is a crucial step in establishing the personal identity of an individual, because the age and stature determination is dependent on the gender of the individual. The process of personal identification begins by narrowing down a cluster of individuals step by step till the individual we are looking for is finally identified. Thus, the role of sexual dimorphism comes into play. Secondary sexual characteristics are one of the most easy and frequently used methods. However, it should[1-6].Canines and sex determinationbe kept in mind that in certain cases, the body encountered may be decomposed beyond recognition or may be mutilated, where secondary sexual characteristics may play no role. Hence, with forensic aspect, the dimorphism in the teeth can be of immense significance. It may be a great forensic tool for the determination of sex from the human remains, because it is highly resistant to decay. In 1973, a study established certain differences in the canine teeth of both the human genders. [1] Subsequently, two more studies conducted in the year 1967 and 1989 respectively, further established the canine dimorphism among both the human genders.","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42521141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-14DOI: 10.19080/JFSCI.2018.10.555798
Sankoung Soumboundou
{"title":"Applicability of “Dimodent” Sex Predictive Equation Assessed in an Senegalese Population","authors":"Sankoung Soumboundou","doi":"10.19080/JFSCI.2018.10.555798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/JFSCI.2018.10.555798","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46940931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-10DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.10.555796
Lalit P. Chandravanshi
Poisoning refers to exposure to any agent which is capable of producing an adverse response in a biological system. It may results into slight irritation, serious deleterious effects and even may cause death. Poisoning is common in the world including India but modes of poisoning varies i.e. it may results from the attempt of suicide, homicide and accidents [1]. High rate of accidental poisonings have been reported in children due to their inquisitiveness, inability to read warning labels, and inadequate supervision. At home, drugs or household chemicals are most likely the main cause of accidental exposure to children and adults [2,3]. Accidently ingestion of contaminated food, poisonous plants or animals and stinging and biting are the other causes of accidental poisoning in adult [4]. While, criminal poisoning occurs when individual or group of individuals intentionally attempts to cause destruction of life on others by using poison [5]. To harm a person criminal prefers to use poison as it provides him ample time to escape from the scene / spot. Homicidal poisoning is the killing of a human being by the administration of poison. Selected poisons are used for homicidal purposes because of their small fatal doses, tasteless and odorless properties, miscibility with drinks and availability, which are considered as ideal homicidal poisons. Financial (inheritance, insurance), personal (revenge) and psychological (a desire for power and control) factors may motivate the homicidal poisoning. On the other hand’ suicidal poisoning defines as the selfinfliction by poison with the intention of committing suicide. Availability of poisons in house or the working place is one of the factor which promote suicidal poisoning like, cyanide in electroplating units, pesticides are mostly available with farming communities, thiopental sodium nitrite in dyeing industries etc. [6]. Suicidal cases are being frequently reported in young people. Besides, barbiturates and benzodiazepines are usually used by the educated people. Anaesthetic agents like thiopental have also been reported in the suicide cases in few doctors [7,8]. On the basis of duration of exposure, sign and symptoms, medical practitioner can categorize the poisoning in fulminate, acute, sub-acute, chronic and sub chronic. Owing to the massive dose, death precedes very rapidly without any onset of symptoms is called a fulminant poisoning. In such poisoning the patient is appeared to collapse suddenly. Acute poisoning is produced either by a single high dose or several small doses taken over a short interval of time i.e. it may be seconds, minutes or hours, or repeated exposures over about a day when less. In acute are , the onset of sign and symptoms are relatively instantaneous and depends upon the dosages [9]. Delayed health effects of acute poisoning also should not be forgotten because sometime toxicity appears late even when people are no longer to the exposure of poison substance for many days, mo
{"title":"Assessment and Diagnosis of Poisoning with Characteristics Features in Living or Dead","authors":"Lalit P. Chandravanshi","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.10.555796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.10.555796","url":null,"abstract":"Poisoning refers to exposure to any agent which is capable of producing an adverse response in a biological system. It may results into slight irritation, serious deleterious effects and even may cause death. Poisoning is common in the world including India but modes of poisoning varies i.e. it may results from the attempt of suicide, homicide and accidents [1]. High rate of accidental poisonings have been reported in children due to their inquisitiveness, inability to read warning labels, and inadequate supervision. At home, drugs or household chemicals are most likely the main cause of accidental exposure to children and adults [2,3]. Accidently ingestion of contaminated food, poisonous plants or animals and stinging and biting are the other causes of accidental poisoning in adult [4]. While, criminal poisoning occurs when individual or group of individuals intentionally attempts to cause destruction of life on others by using poison [5]. To harm a person criminal prefers to use poison as it provides him ample time to escape from the scene / spot. Homicidal poisoning is the killing of a human being by the administration of poison. Selected poisons are used for homicidal purposes because of their small fatal doses, tasteless and odorless properties, miscibility with drinks and availability, which are considered as ideal homicidal poisons. Financial (inheritance, insurance), personal (revenge) and psychological (a desire for power and control) factors may motivate the homicidal poisoning. On the other hand’ suicidal poisoning defines as the selfinfliction by poison with the intention of committing suicide. Availability of poisons in house or the working place is one of the factor which promote suicidal poisoning like, cyanide in electroplating units, pesticides are mostly available with farming communities, thiopental sodium nitrite in dyeing industries etc. [6]. Suicidal cases are being frequently reported in young people. Besides, barbiturates and benzodiazepines are usually used by the educated people. Anaesthetic agents like thiopental have also been reported in the suicide cases in few doctors [7,8]. On the basis of duration of exposure, sign and symptoms, medical practitioner can categorize the poisoning in fulminate, acute, sub-acute, chronic and sub chronic. Owing to the massive dose, death precedes very rapidly without any onset of symptoms is called a fulminant poisoning. In such poisoning the patient is appeared to collapse suddenly. Acute poisoning is produced either by a single high dose or several small doses taken over a short interval of time i.e. it may be seconds, minutes or hours, or repeated exposures over about a day when less. In acute are , the onset of sign and symptoms are relatively instantaneous and depends upon the dosages [9]. Delayed health effects of acute poisoning also should not be forgotten because sometime toxicity appears late even when people are no longer to the exposure of poison substance for many days, mo","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45563465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-10DOI: 10.19080/jfsci.2018.10.555797
T. Jaitly
DNA Profiling was not so efficiently developed and utilized in the earlier times to get a conclusive proof. Almost all convictions were solely based on the eye-witness’ identification of the suspect. The innocent had a fair chance of being convicted for a crime he/she did not commit because of his/her resemblance to the real culprit. After the advent of the DNA technology in the recent past, results mostly proved to be inconclusive due to inexperience of the experts. Even in those cases, eye-witness identification and testimony were given primary importance. One of the eye-witness identification procedures is “line-up”. There can be live line-ups as well as photo line-ups. The present study circumference the reviews of the inefficiency of single-blind line-ups (in which the administrating officer knows the identity of the perpetrator while the victim does not) in comparison to double-blind line-ups (where both the parties are unaware of the identity of the perpetrator). Cases from the recent past have been highlighted in the study to get a clearer perspective of the line-up procedure and how a poor and biased administration procedure leads to the conviction of an innocent.
{"title":"A Review Study on Scrutinizing the Efficacy of Single-Blind Versus Double-Blind Police Line-ups","authors":"T. Jaitly","doi":"10.19080/jfsci.2018.10.555797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jfsci.2018.10.555797","url":null,"abstract":"DNA Profiling was not so efficiently developed and utilized in the earlier times to get a conclusive proof. Almost all convictions were solely based on the eye-witness’ identification of the suspect. The innocent had a fair chance of being convicted for a crime he/she did not commit because of his/her resemblance to the real culprit. After the advent of the DNA technology in the recent past, results mostly proved to be inconclusive due to inexperience of the experts. Even in those cases, eye-witness identification and testimony were given primary importance. One of the eye-witness identification procedures is “line-up”. There can be live line-ups as well as photo line-ups. The present study circumference the reviews of the inefficiency of single-blind line-ups (in which the administrating officer knows the identity of the perpetrator while the victim does not) in comparison to double-blind line-ups (where both the parties are unaware of the identity of the perpetrator). Cases from the recent past have been highlighted in the study to get a clearer perspective of the line-up procedure and how a poor and biased administration procedure leads to the conviction of an innocent.","PeriodicalId":93024,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences & criminal investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46351078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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