Echinococcal (Hydatid) cyst of the kidney is a very uncommon disease which is sporadically reported in Echinococcal endemic areas of the world as well it tends to be reported in non-endemic areas in view of global travel on extremely rare occasions. Hydatid cyst of the kidney could manifest with non-specific symptoms including: loin/flank pain or discomfort; abdominal pain; a mass within the loin or abdomen; hydatiduria; abdominal distension; weight loss; other non-specific symptoms. A history of residence in or having travelled from an echinococcal endemic area and having been in contact with animals including dogs does play an important role in alerting the clinician regarding the possibility of Echinococcal disease is useful. The general and systematic examinations could be normal but tenderness within the loin and tenderness in the upper abdomen could be found which may or may not be associated with a palpable mass within the loin or upper abdomen. The results of routine haematology and biochemistry blood tests could be normal except at times there could be eosinophilia. Urinalysis could show hydatiduria. A positive Casoni intradermal test results or a positive Echinococcal serology test would tend to alert clinicians about Echinococcal disease. Radiology imaging of the abdomen and renal tract including ultrasound scan, computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance scan, of the abdomen would show the cyst (most commonly) or cysts, (occasionally) within the kidney as well the size of the cyst and the amount of normal looking renal parenchyma and presence of daughter cysts could be demonstrated. Furthermore, if there is hydronephrosis or hydroureter the radiology images would reveal it. Treatment of hydatid cyst of the kidney does entail treatment with a combination of: Cycles of anti-scolicidal medications of which albendazole is the commonest used medicament and. Surgical treatment could include: Laparoscopic Drainage of the hydatid cyst and peri-cystectomy. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Laparoscopic nephrectomy excising the entire kidney on rare occasions. Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy when the ureter is also involved by hydatid cyst. Open surgical drainage of the hydatid cyst and peri-cystectomy. Open drainage of the hydatid cyst and partial nephrectomy. Open drainage of the hydatid cyst and full nephrectomy. Open drainage of the hydatid cyst and nephroureterectomy if there is an associated hydatid cyst of the ureter. If there is an associated hydatid cyst elsewhere for example in the liver that cyst would also be carefully excised. Utilization of antiscolicidal medicaments alone without surgery had yielded poor results and recurrence of cysts with the exception of one reported case in which utilization of albendazole alone was associated with a good outcome. Aspiration alone of the hydatid cyst has not emanated in good results therefore it is not an option of treatment generally used. With regard to outcome a combination of treatme
{"title":"Hydatid Cyst of the kidney and Ureter: A Review and Update of the Literature","authors":"A. Venyo","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/188","url":null,"abstract":"Echinococcal (Hydatid) cyst of the kidney is a very uncommon disease which is sporadically reported in Echinococcal endemic areas of the world as well it tends to be reported in non-endemic areas in view of global travel on extremely rare occasions. Hydatid cyst of the kidney could manifest with non-specific symptoms including: loin/flank pain or discomfort; abdominal pain; a mass within the loin or abdomen; hydatiduria; abdominal distension; weight loss; other non-specific symptoms. A history of residence in or having travelled from an echinococcal endemic area and having been in contact with animals including dogs does play an important role in alerting the clinician regarding the possibility of Echinococcal disease is useful. The general and systematic examinations could be normal but tenderness within the loin and tenderness in the upper abdomen could be found which may or may not be associated with a palpable mass within the loin or upper abdomen. The results of routine haematology and biochemistry blood tests could be normal except at times there could be eosinophilia. Urinalysis could show hydatiduria. A positive Casoni intradermal test results or a positive Echinococcal serology test would tend to alert clinicians about Echinococcal disease. Radiology imaging of the abdomen and renal tract including ultrasound scan, computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance scan, of the abdomen would show the cyst (most commonly) or cysts, (occasionally) within the kidney as well the size of the cyst and the amount of normal looking renal parenchyma and presence of daughter cysts could be demonstrated. Furthermore, if there is hydronephrosis or hydroureter the radiology images would reveal it. Treatment of hydatid cyst of the kidney does entail treatment with a combination of: Cycles of anti-scolicidal medications of which albendazole is the commonest used medicament and. Surgical treatment could include: Laparoscopic Drainage of the hydatid cyst and peri-cystectomy. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Laparoscopic nephrectomy excising the entire kidney on rare occasions. Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy when the ureter is also involved by hydatid cyst. Open surgical drainage of the hydatid cyst and peri-cystectomy. Open drainage of the hydatid cyst and partial nephrectomy. Open drainage of the hydatid cyst and full nephrectomy. Open drainage of the hydatid cyst and nephroureterectomy if there is an associated hydatid cyst of the ureter. If there is an associated hydatid cyst elsewhere for example in the liver that cyst would also be carefully excised. Utilization of antiscolicidal medicaments alone without surgery had yielded poor results and recurrence of cysts with the exception of one reported case in which utilization of albendazole alone was associated with a good outcome. Aspiration alone of the hydatid cyst has not emanated in good results therefore it is not an option of treatment generally used. With regard to outcome a combination of treatme","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41695982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the capabilities of the immune system to qualify for saving the host through its adaptive and performance capabilities, many disease-causing organisms have adapted in ways that ensure their persistence. This necessitates developing immune system enhancements which may require fundamental modifications that aren't limited to routine procedures.
{"title":"A Future Life Requires a Super Immune System","authors":"M. Mahmood","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/197","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the capabilities of the immune system to qualify for saving the host through its adaptive and performance capabilities, many disease-causing organisms have adapted in ways that ensure their persistence. This necessitates developing immune system enhancements which may require fundamental modifications that aren't limited to routine procedures.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43199993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and aims: Natural products, especially plant extracts, have opened up great opportunities in the field of drug progress due to their chemical variety. The genus Aloe has long been used for medicinal uses in countless parts of the world. This study was designed to investigate the phytochemicals and anti-cancer capabilities of Aloe rubroviolaceae, Aloe vera and Aloe sabaea flowers. Materials and Methods: The methanolic extracts of three types of plants traditionally used in Yemen to treat a variety of diseases have been tested in vitro for their potential anticancer activity on different human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extracts of tested plants was determined using eleven strains of human cancer cells, namely: MCF-7 (breast cancer), PC-3 (prostate cancer), HEP-2 (human epithelial carcinoma), MNFS-60 (myelogenous leukemia), CACO (intestinal cancer), A-549 (lung adenocarcinoma), HeLa (cervical cancer), RD (rhabdomyosarcoma),HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), HCT-116 (colon cancer), and CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary). A colorimetric sulforhodamine B assay was used to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic activity of different extracts. Growth inhibition of 50% (IC50) for each extract was calculated from the optical density of treated and untreated cells. Doxorubicin, a broad-spectrum anticancer drug was used as a positive control. Results: More interesting cytotoxic activity was observed for Aloe vera extract more than Aloe sabaea and Aloe rubroviolaceae, extract. Conclusions: This study provides a preliminary screening for anti-proliferative activity of various Aloe species flowers extracts on different cancer cell lines. Different extracts of Aloe species significantly inhibit the growth of various cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Further investigations are required to understand the possible mechanism(s) of action of these extract on various cancer cells and isolation of active phyto-chemicals.
{"title":"Cytotoxic Activities in Vitro of Flower Extracts of Three Species of Aloe Growing in Yemen: Aloe Rubroviolaceae, Aloe Vera and Aloe Sabaea, against Eleven Types of Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"H. Al-Shamahy","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/187","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: Natural products, especially plant extracts, have opened up great opportunities in the field of drug progress due to their chemical variety. The genus Aloe has long been used for medicinal uses in countless parts of the world. This study was designed to investigate the phytochemicals and anti-cancer capabilities of Aloe rubroviolaceae, Aloe vera and Aloe sabaea flowers. Materials and Methods: The methanolic extracts of three types of plants traditionally used in Yemen to treat a variety of diseases have been tested in vitro for their potential anticancer activity on different human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extracts of tested plants was determined using eleven strains of human cancer cells, namely: MCF-7 (breast cancer), PC-3 (prostate cancer), HEP-2 (human epithelial carcinoma), MNFS-60 (myelogenous leukemia), CACO (intestinal cancer), A-549 (lung adenocarcinoma), HeLa (cervical cancer), RD (rhabdomyosarcoma),HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), HCT-116 (colon cancer), and CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary). A colorimetric sulforhodamine B assay was used to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic activity of different extracts. Growth inhibition of 50% (IC50) for each extract was calculated from the optical density of treated and untreated cells. Doxorubicin, a broad-spectrum anticancer drug was used as a positive control. Results: More interesting cytotoxic activity was observed for Aloe vera extract more than Aloe sabaea and Aloe rubroviolaceae, extract. Conclusions: This study provides a preliminary screening for anti-proliferative activity of various Aloe species flowers extracts on different cancer cell lines. Different extracts of Aloe species significantly inhibit the growth of various cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Further investigations are required to understand the possible mechanism(s) of action of these extract on various cancer cells and isolation of active phyto-chemicals.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48264486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A term male infant was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery to a 23 year old gravida 2 para 2 mother. His weight, length, and head circumference were 2720g (8%), 47cm (6%) and 31.5cm (1%) respectively; the remainder of his physical examination was unremarkable. The pregnancy was complicated by intra-uterine growth retardation, gestational diabetes controlled with glyburide, and gestational thrombocytopenia. The mother had a past medical history of obesity, BMI of 32 (>95%), HPV infection, and atypical squamous cells of the cervix. A fetal ultrasound at 38 weeks gestational age showed echogenic foci consistent with cholelithiasis (Figure 1); a previous US at 37 weeks gestational age was normal. On routine laboratory testing the mother’s blood type was O positive and the infant’s was A+ (positive). His transcutaneous bilirubin was 4.3 mg/dL at 36 hours of life. Both mother and son were discharged after two days without problem.
{"title":"Neonatal Gallstones","authors":"L. Mazur","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/181","url":null,"abstract":"A term male infant was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery to a 23 year old gravida 2 para 2 mother. His weight, length, and head circumference were 2720g (8%), 47cm (6%) and 31.5cm (1%) respectively; the remainder of his physical examination was unremarkable. The pregnancy was complicated by intra-uterine growth retardation, gestational diabetes controlled with glyburide, and gestational thrombocytopenia. The mother had a past medical history of obesity, BMI of 32 (>95%), HPV infection, and atypical squamous cells of the cervix. A fetal ultrasound at 38 weeks gestational age showed echogenic foci consistent with cholelithiasis (Figure 1); a previous US at 37 weeks gestational age was normal. On routine laboratory testing the mother’s blood type was O positive and the infant’s was A+ (positive). His transcutaneous bilirubin was 4.3 mg/dL at 36 hours of life. Both mother and son were discharged after two days without problem.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43142241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim of the study: Clarification for the time of the clinical improvement after management COVID-19 pneumonia versus normal gradation of common workup is the target for the current study. Background: COVID-19 pneumonia is a current serious international pandemic infection. Generally, in medical diseases, the clinical response is commonly parallel to laboratory and radiological improvement. This rule may be different in COVID-19 pneumonia. Method of study and patients: The author reported retrospective-observational 47-case report series. The study was conducted in a physician outpatient clinic thorough nearly 12-months, starting from Jun 9, 2020, and, ended on May 8, 2021. All included cases were COVID-19 pneumonia and treated with conventional antibiotics, anticoagulants, and steroids. Results: The mean ±SD age was: 50.08 (14.9) years, with male sex predominance (55.32%). The mean days of clinical versus leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 13.05 ±6.44, 13.05 ±7.01, 13.05 ±7.01).The mean ±SD days of clinical versus CRP, D-dimer, s. ferritin, and LDH improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 12.2 ±3.25, 12.2 ±6.21, 12.3 ±5.46, 20.92± 9.48). The mean days of clinical versus radiological and electrocardiographic improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 15.74 ±5.25, 11.45 ±5.45). The test was statistically significant in all the above tests (p-value is < .00001) Conclusions: Yasser’s COVID-19 Discrepancy phenomenon is a novel descriptive phenomenon that is always seen in all COVID-19 pneumonia. Initial dramatic improvement of the clinical status of COVID-19 pneumonic patient, not a simultaneously after the management, not a coincide with laboratory, radiological, and electrocardiographic workup. Further larger studies for the study medical regimen with considering of “Yasser’s COVID-19 Discrepancy phenomenon” is recommended.
{"title":"Yasser's COVID-19 Discrepancy Phenomenon; A Novel Phenomenon And Effective Regimen; Retrospective-Observational Study","authors":"Y. Elsayed","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/185","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: Clarification for the time of the clinical improvement after management COVID-19 pneumonia versus normal gradation of common workup is the target for the current study. Background: COVID-19 pneumonia is a current serious international pandemic infection. Generally, in medical diseases, the clinical response is commonly parallel to laboratory and radiological improvement. This rule may be different in COVID-19 pneumonia. Method of study and patients: The author reported retrospective-observational 47-case report series. The study was conducted in a physician outpatient clinic thorough nearly 12-months, starting from Jun 9, 2020, and, ended on May 8, 2021. All included cases were COVID-19 pneumonia and treated with conventional antibiotics, anticoagulants, and steroids. Results: The mean ±SD age was: 50.08 (14.9) years, with male sex predominance (55.32%). The mean days of clinical versus leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 13.05 ±6.44, 13.05 ±7.01, 13.05 ±7.01).The mean ±SD days of clinical versus CRP, D-dimer, s. ferritin, and LDH improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 12.2 ±3.25, 12.2 ±6.21, 12.3 ±5.46, 20.92± 9.48). The mean days of clinical versus radiological and electrocardiographic improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 15.74 ±5.25, 11.45 ±5.45). The test was statistically significant in all the above tests (p-value is < .00001) Conclusions: Yasser’s COVID-19 Discrepancy phenomenon is a novel descriptive phenomenon that is always seen in all COVID-19 pneumonia. Initial dramatic improvement of the clinical status of COVID-19 pneumonic patient, not a simultaneously after the management, not a coincide with laboratory, radiological, and electrocardiographic workup. Further larger studies for the study medical regimen with considering of “Yasser’s COVID-19 Discrepancy phenomenon” is recommended.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46985162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the dynamic model ofthe soliton. Based on this model, it is supposed to study the state of the network. The term neural networks refersto the networks of neurons in the mammalian brain. Neurons are its main units of computation. In the brain, they are connected together in a network to process data. This can be a very complex task, and so the dynamics of neural networks in the mammalian brain in response to external stimuli can be quite complex. The inputs and outputs of each neuron change as a function of time, in the form of so-called spike chains, but the network itself also changes. We learn and improve our data processing capabilities by establishing reconnections between neurons.
{"title":"Classical Soliton Theory for Studying the Dynamics and Evolution of in Network","authors":"S. Belyakin","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/186","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the dynamic model ofthe soliton. Based on this model, it is supposed to study the state of the network. The term neural networks refersto the networks of neurons in the mammalian brain. Neurons are its main units of computation. In the brain, they are connected together in a network to process data. This can be a very complex task, and so the dynamics of neural networks in the mammalian brain in response to external stimuli can be quite complex. The inputs and outputs of each neuron change as a function of time, in the form of so-called spike chains, but the network itself also changes. We learn and improve our data processing capabilities by establishing reconnections between neurons.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47183865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID-19 is an infectious disease that originated in Hubei province of the Wuhan city in China in late December. The highly contagious disease, caused by a virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is transmitted from humans to humans. After the first case in Wuhan, the disease rapidly spread to other parts of the globe. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) made an assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic. Thus, social-distancing became an important measure to stop the spread of this disease. Various countries across the world adopted nationwide lockdown. This led to a completely new scenario for the world, where every business in each industry faced new challenges and witnessed new opportunities.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on several industries in context with the Impact OF Covid-19 on Several Industries in Context with the Sperm Bank Industry","authors":"Ashish M. Gujrathi","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/183","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is an infectious disease that originated in Hubei province of the Wuhan city in China in late December. The highly contagious disease, caused by a virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is transmitted from humans to humans. After the first case in Wuhan, the disease rapidly spread to other parts of the globe. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) made an assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic. Thus, social-distancing became an important measure to stop the spread of this disease. Various countries across the world adopted nationwide lockdown. This led to a completely new scenario for the world, where every business in each industry faced new challenges and witnessed new opportunities.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45683602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-24DOI: 10.15520/ARJMCS.V7I07.347
Pr S. Sakhri esp Boulhart
Ovarian cystadenocarcinoma with an osteosarcoma component, is a very rare tumor. We aimed to describe a case of an osteosarcoma arising in an ovarian squamous cell carcinoma.
卵巢囊腺癌伴骨肉瘤，是一种非常罕见的肿瘤。我们的目的是描述一个病例骨肉瘤引起卵巢鳞状细胞癌。
{"title":"Ovarian Cystadenocarcinoma with an Osteosarcoma Component","authors":"Pr S. Sakhri esp Boulhart","doi":"10.15520/ARJMCS.V7I07.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15520/ARJMCS.V7I07.347","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian cystadenocarcinoma with an osteosarcoma component, is a very rare tumor. We aimed to describe a case of an osteosarcoma arising in an ovarian squamous cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67338415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urinary calculi are the third most common affliction of the urinary tract only exceeded by urinary tract infections and pathologies of the prostate gland. Urinary tract calculi contribute to a major concern encountered in the practice of urology, it affects about 10-12% of the population with a variable incidence with respect to sex, age, occupation, geographical area, climate, dietary fluid intake, social class and race. Urethral calculus is always found on the site of prostatic urethra, bulbar and fossa navicularis. Primary urethral calculi are usually associated with urethral strictures, posterior urethral valve and a diverticulum. Urethral calculi represent 1-2% of all calculi in the urinary tract. This is a case of a 32-year-old farmer and fisherman who had a retrograde urethrocystography (RUCG) that showed an obstructive prostatic calculus, bladder wall calcification and thickening with contrast refluxing into the seminal vesicles bilaterally.
{"title":"An Obstructive Prostatic Urethral Calculus in a Patient with Urethral Strictures: A Case Report","authors":"Sule Mb","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/178","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary calculi are the third most common affliction of the urinary tract only exceeded by urinary tract infections and pathologies of the prostate gland. Urinary tract calculi contribute to a major concern encountered in the practice of urology, it affects about 10-12% of the population with a variable incidence with respect to sex, age, occupation, geographical area, climate, dietary fluid intake, social class and race. Urethral calculus is always found on the site of prostatic urethra, bulbar and fossa navicularis. Primary urethral calculi are usually associated with urethral strictures, posterior urethral valve and a diverticulum. Urethral calculi represent 1-2% of all calculi in the urinary tract. This is a case of a 32-year-old farmer and fisherman who had a retrograde urethrocystography (RUCG) that showed an obstructive prostatic calculus, bladder wall calcification and thickening with contrast refluxing into the seminal vesicles bilaterally.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43463107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the problems with logic is that it cannot be self-refuting–if it is, it is not logical. This make logic its own sacred cow. It likewise makes the expression “By logical extension” irrelevant or at least suspect in a curved universe. One may extend logic, but even after one step, its use is dubious at best.
{"title":"A Limit on Logic","authors":"James F. Welles","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/176","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems with logic is that it cannot be self-refuting–if it is, it is not logical. This make logic its own sacred cow. It likewise makes the expression “By logical extension” irrelevant or at least suspect in a curved universe. One may extend logic, but even after one step, its use is dubious at best.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45555840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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