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Olive oil quality influenced by biostimulant foliar fertilizers 生物刺激素叶面肥料对橄榄油品质的影响
Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI: 10.21472/bjbs(2020)071501
I. Zouari, B. Mechri, M. Tekaya, Olfa Dabbaghi, I. Cheraief, A. Mguidiche, K. Annabi, F. Laabidi, F. Attia, M. Hammami, M. Mezghani
Foliar fertilization has been used as an important tool to meet the tree nutrient demand and to be an environmental beneficial with the use of little quantities. Actually modern fruit trees physiology is focused on the stimulation of plant cell development and fruit production using biostimulants. In olive trees, few products have been used for improving oil quality. For this purpose, two biostimulants products have been tested and used simple or combined with a third product rich in nitrogen. The treatments were classified to: T1 (rich in nitrogen) and biostimulants treatments as following T2 (combination of boron, magnesium, sulfur and manganese associated with seaweed) TNi (biostimulant combining a protein extract with a calcium base), T12 (combined application of T1 and T2) and finally T12Ni (combined application of T1, T2 and TNi) with a control treatment CON (without foliar fertilization). All these foliar nutrients were sprayed during two successive years on trees issued of Chemlali cultivar cultivated in rain-fed conditions of central Tunisia. Biochemical parameters of the olive oil, like physiochemical characteristics, fatty acid profile total polyphenols, ortho-diphenols, chlorophyllic and carotenoids pigments were analyzed annually after the application of these foliar compounds. All the olive oils issued from the treatments were classified as extra virgin and the physiochemical parameters were sensitive to foliar fertilization except for some parameters. Quantitative changes were observed in the pool of the fatty acids composition and the treatment TNi (rich in Received November 21, 2019 Accepted March 11, 2020 Available on line on March 20, 2020 Released April 30, 2020
叶面施肥已成为满足树木养分需求的重要手段,且用量少,对环境有益。实际上,现代果树生理学的重点是利用生物刺激剂刺激植物细胞发育和果实生产。在橄榄树中,很少有产品用于改善油质。为此目的,已经测试了两种生物刺激素产品,并将其单独使用或与富含氮的第三种产品组合使用。处理分为:T1(富氮)和生物刺激剂处理,T2(与海藻结合硼、镁、硫和锰的组合)、TNi(蛋白质提取物与钙碱的生物刺激剂组合)、T12 (T1和T2联合施用)和T12Ni (T1、T2和TNi联合施用)与对照处理CON(不进行叶面施肥)。所有这些叶面养分连续两年喷洒在突尼斯中部雨养条件下栽培的Chemlali品种的树木上。在施用这些叶面化合物后,每年对橄榄油的理化特性、脂肪酸谱、总多酚、邻二酚、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素色素等生化参数进行分析。所有处理产出的橄榄油均为特级初榨橄榄油,除部分理化参数外,其余参数对叶面施肥较为敏感。在脂肪酸组成池和治疗TNi(丰富)中观察到定量变化2019年11月21日接收2020年3月11日接受2020年3月20日在线发布2020年4月30日发布
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引用次数: 9
Isolation and characterization of some flavonoids from the leaf of Tapinanthus globiferus growing on Vitex doniana 生长在牡荆上的金针叶中部分黄酮类化合物的分离与鉴定
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/BJBS(2020)071701
H. Abubakar, A. Musa, M. Abdullahi, V. Mzozoyana, A. Yusuf
Tapinanthus globiferus (A. Rich) Tiegh (Loranthacae) is a semi-parasitic plant growing on several plant species such as Vitex doniana. it is used in ethno-medicine for the treatment of fungal infection, itching, hypertension, ulcers, epilepsy, diabetes and cancer. The aim of this study was to isolate bioactive compound(s) from the leaf of T. globiferus. The powdered plant material was extracted with 90% methanol using maceration method and the resulting crude methanol leaf extract was partitioned into n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and n-butanol fractions. The ethylacetate fraction was chromatographed on a silica gel and sephadex LH-20 column which led to the isolation of two flavonoids, and the identity of the compounds was determined on the basis of chemical test and NMR analysis. Based on the 1D and 2D NMR data, the compounds were 2-(3’4’-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromane-4-one (quercetin) and 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3-methylhexyl)-4H-chromen-4-one. This is the first report of isolation of these compounds from T. globiferus growing on Vitex doniana.
Tapinanthus globiferus (a. Rich) Tiegh (Loranthacae)是一种半寄生植物,生长在牡荆(Vitex doniana)等几种植物上。它在民族医药中用于治疗真菌感染、瘙痒、高血压、溃疡、癫痫、糖尿病和癌症。本研究的目的是从金丝桃叶中分离出生物活性化合物。粉末状植物原料用90%甲醇浸渍法提取,得到的粗甲醇叶提取物分为正己烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇馏分。乙酸乙酯部分采用硅胶和sephadex LH-20色谱柱进行层析,分离得到两种黄酮类化合物,并通过化学实验和核磁共振分析对化合物进行了鉴定。根据一维和二维NMR数据,化合物为2-(3′4′-二羟基苯基)-3,5,7-三羟基- 4h -4- 1(槲皮素)和2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基-3-(3-甲基己基)- 4h -4- 1。这是首次从生长在黄荆上的球孢T. globiferus中分离到这些化合物。
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引用次数: 1
The impacts of gender education on female entreprenuership: Breaking the glass ceilings for a prosperous new Nigeria 性别教育对女性创业的影响:为繁荣的新尼日利亚打破玻璃天花板
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/bjbs(2020)071509
Grace A.T. Scent, Christian Chima Chukwu, Obuzor Mezewo Emerinwe
Gender education and entrepreneurship have become worldwide phenomena for women, particularly in patriarchy societies where all kinds of discriminations, subjugation against them are frightening realities of contemporary times. As a result, female entrepreneurship has been weighed down by poor education, social norms, and lack of access to free credit facilities. It is in this context that this paper examines the impacts of gender education on female entrepreneurship in Enugu urban, Enugu state, Nigeria. A survey design was employed and 300 respondents were selected using the simple random sampling technique. Out of this number of respondents, only 280 (90.33%) structured questionnaire were returned and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The distribution of the respondents showed 210 (75%) were female entrepreneurs, while 70 respondents (25%) were male entrepreneurs. Among the findings, an overwhelming majority of the respondents are of the view that the female entrepreneurs are important for the socio-economic transformation of the Enugu State, and by extension, Nigeria. Secondly, the study agrees that there is hardly a society where gender stereotypes do not exist but that these aspects of the gender belief system which are antifemale entrepreneurs’ development have been over taken by the power of gender education. In addition, the study shows that gender education is the most viable and veritable vehicle for guaranteeing and sustaining female entrepreneurs to continue to expand entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Thirdly, this study has presented a different picture of women making some tremendous efforts in spite of all odds cannot be underestimated because their contributions have been remarkable despite the challenges they face in their quest to transform the patriarchal Igbo society, especially Enugu State. Based on this, the study concludes that the contributions of female entrepreneurs in Nigeria’s entrepreneurship development cannot be underestimated Received
对妇女来说,性别教育和创业已经成为世界范围内的现象,特别是在父权制社会中,对妇女的各种歧视和压迫是当代令人恐惧的现实。因此,受教育程度低、社会规范和缺乏获得免费信贷的机会,拖累了女性的创业精神。正是在这种背景下,本文考察了性别教育对尼日利亚埃努古州埃努古市女性创业的影响。采用问卷调查设计,采用简单随机抽样技术抽取300名受访者。在这些受访者中,只有280份(90.33%)结构化问卷被退回,并使用定量和定性方法进行分析。受访者的分布显示,女性企业家210人(75%),男性企业家70人(25%)。在调查结果中,绝大多数答复者认为,女企业家对埃努古州乃至尼日利亚的社会经济改革都很重要。其次,研究一致认为,几乎没有一个社会不存在性别刻板印象,但性别信仰体系中这些反对女性企业家发展的方面已经被性别教育的力量所取代。此外,研究表明,性别教育是保障和支持女企业家在尼日利亚继续扩大创业的最可行和最可靠的手段。第三,这项研究提出了妇女不顾一切困难作出巨大努力的不同情况,因为她们的贡献是显著的,尽管她们在寻求改变父权制伊博社会,特别是埃努古州时面临挑战。基于此,本研究得出结论,女性企业家对尼日利亚创业发展的贡献不可低估
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引用次数: 0
Pregnant mice submitted to Surgical Embryo Euthanasia (SEE) induce loss of expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform and NO concentration in the maternal-fetal interface 妊娠小鼠手术胚胎安乐死(SEE)诱导诱导型一氧化氮合酶异构体表达缺失,母胎界面NO浓度下降
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/bjbs(2020)071507
Lidia Jacinta Nunes Fernandes, E. Lippe
The well-succeeded pregnancy in humans and rodents is the consequence of close interaction between maternal and fetal cells with intervening of cytokines and chemical mediators. In this process a pregnant uterus subset NK cells - uterine Natural Killer cells (uNK cells) play a pivotal modulatory role under the influence of local physiological hypoxia and other alterations. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the expression and commitment of induced form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NO concentration in the homeostasis of pregnant uterus. It was used normal pregnant mice on gd 10th and those submitted to surgical intervention to induce mechanical lesion in the embryos (SEE). Uterine samples were collected at 0.5, 1, 2 and 6 h after embryo lesion and processed for paraffin embedding and tissue homogenate. The samples destinate for paraffin embedding was performed the Dolichos biflorus (DBA) lectin cytochemistry and anti-iNOS immunocytochemistry. The samples destinate to tissue homogenates were processed for SDS-PAGE and Western-blot using anti-iNOS and evaluate of NO concentration. The embryo-injured uterine segments showed hyperemia and hemorrhage at mesometrial region in which the DBA lectin reaction showed altered uNK cells suggesting the degranulation. Positive reaction with anti-iNOS was seen on uNK cells, trophoblast giant cells, endometrial stromal and decidual cells and smooth muscle cells in the normal pregnant uterus, but 1 and 2 h after embryo lesion, the iNOS labeling decreased or was absent only in uNK cells. The same results was obtained with NO concentration. These results confirm the unique constitutive expression of iNOS in the pregnant mice uterus, being the uNK cells the only one responsive against stress of embryo failure, besides showing that excessive NO produced by quick activation of uNK-iNOS should affect the local vascular permeability.
人类和啮齿动物的成功妊娠是母胎细胞在细胞因子和化学介质的干预下密切相互作用的结果。在这一过程中,子宫NK细胞(子宫自然杀伤细胞)在局部生理缺氧等变化的影响下起着关键的调节作用。本研究旨在探讨诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达和承诺以及NO浓度在妊娠子宫内环境平衡中的作用。采用妊娠第10天正常妊娠小鼠和手术干预小鼠胚胎机械损伤(SEE)。于胚胎病变后0.5、1、2、6 h采集子宫标本,进行石蜡包埋和组织匀浆处理。对石蜡包埋的样品进行DBA凝集素细胞化学和抗inos免疫细胞化学检测。将送往组织匀浆的样品进行SDS-PAGE和抗inos Western-blot处理,并评估NO浓度。胚胎损伤的子宫段在子宫系膜区充血出血,其中DBA凝集素反应显示uNK细胞改变提示脱颗粒。正常妊娠子宫的uNK细胞、滋养层巨细胞、子宫内膜间质和蜕膜细胞及平滑肌细胞均可见抗iNOS阳性反应,但胚胎病变后1和2 h, iNOS标记减少或仅在uNK细胞中不可见。在NO浓度下也得到相同的结果。这些结果证实了iNOS在妊娠小鼠子宫内独特的组成表达,是唯一对胚胎衰竭应激有反应的uNK细胞,同时表明快速激活的uNK-iNOS产生的过量NO会影响局部血管通透性。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel (Rutaceae) extracts on lifespan and oxidative stress markers in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 (Diptera) 锦鲤的影响藜麦提取物对黑腹果蝇寿命和氧化应激标志物的影响(双翅目)
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/bjbs(2020)071506
Dinesh Kumar, S. Sunita, V. Bhan
The free radicals (ROS and RNS) damage to proteins, DNA, lipids of the cell. These free radicals creates the imbalance in physiological functions and acts as a prevalent cause of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, aging, oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome by dysfunction of antioxidant enzyme system of cell. Using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 (Diptera) as a model we examined the antioxidant properties of Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel (Rutaceae) on the life history parameters. We demonstrate a novel physiological interaction between free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system by using extracts of M. koenigii in standard diet of the fly. This study describes how this interaction impacts a very early cellular defect associated with ageing and ageing associate diseases. We also describe progressive deficits in flies expressing the superoxide dismutase gene, catalase and lipid peroxidation. Collectively, our work demonstrates that Drosophila can be used to study the cellular, physiological and behavioral basis of human ageing related diseases.
自由基(ROS和RNS)破坏蛋白质、DNA、细胞脂质。这些自由基通过细胞抗氧化酶系统的功能失调,造成人体生理功能的失衡,是癌症、糖尿病、心血管疾病、衰老、氧化应激、代谢综合征等多种疾病的普遍病因。以果蝇melanogaster Meigen, 1830(双翅目)为模型,研究了Murraya koenigii (L.)的抗氧化性能。芦苇科植物的生活史参数。我们通过在果蝇的标准饮食中使用柯尼氏芽孢杆菌提取物,证明了自由基、氧化应激和抗氧化酶系统之间的一种新的生理相互作用。这项研究描述了这种相互作用如何影响与衰老和衰老相关疾病相关的非常早期的细胞缺陷。我们还描述了苍蝇表达超氧化物歧化酶基因、过氧化氢酶和脂质过氧化的进行性缺陷。总的来说,我们的工作表明,果蝇可以用来研究人类衰老相关疾病的细胞、生理和行为基础。
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引用次数: 0
Phytochemical screening and antifungal potency of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) extract against post harvest mycodeterioration of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) 苦叶提取物抗番茄采后霉变的植物化学筛选及抑菌活性研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/BJBS(2020)071708
U. N. Emiri, E. Enaregha
The study investigated fungi associated with post harvest tomato fruits sold in the open market in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The antifungal activity (bitter leaf) extracts against spoilage was studied using well-in-agar diffusion method. Results showed that mean percentage incidence of fungi isolated from tomato fruits were Rhizopus stolonifer (56%), Aspergillus niger (62%) and Altermaria altermata (35%). Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina at different concentrations (20%, 40%, and 60%) (w/v) were used against fungi isolates, while water and ketoconzole (0.5 mg/mL) served as negative and positive control, respectively. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of V. amygdalina inhibited the growth of all three test fungi. There were significant differences (p > 0.05) in the mean inhibitory effects of plant extracts and control. Antifungal activity measured as diameter of zone of inhibition revealed that V. amygdalina acqueous extract at 60% was very active against Aspergillus niger (16.50 mm) and Alternaria altermata (16.00 mm), while being moderately active against Rhizopus stolonifer (13.00 mm). However, 60% ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina was very active against A. niger (19.00 mm), A. altermata (17.00 mm) and Rhizopus stolonifer (15.80 mm). Phytochemical screening of V. amygdalina revealed the presence of tannins, oxalate, saponnins, flavanoid, cynogenic glucoside, phytate and Alkaloids V. amygdalina could serve as a potentially viable alternative to chemical fungicides in the preservation of post harvest tomato fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum).
这项研究调查了在哈科特港大都会露天市场上出售的收获后番茄果实的真菌。采用琼脂孔扩散法研究苦叶提取物的抗真菌活性。结果表明,从番茄果实中分离到的真菌平均百分比为:匍匐茎霉(56%)、黑曲霉(62%)和互花霉(35%)。以不同浓度(20%、40%和60%)的苦扁桃水提液和乙醇提液(w/v)对真菌分离物进行抑菌,水提液和酮唑(0.5 mg/mL)分别作为阴性对照和阳性对照。苦杏仁桃水提液和乙醇提液对三种真菌的生长均有抑制作用。植物提取物与对照的平均抑菌效果差异显著(p > 0.05)。抑制区直径测定结果表明,60%的苦杏仁桃水提取物对黑曲霉(16.50 mm)和交替孢霉(16.00 mm)有很强的抑制活性,对匍匐根霉(13.00 mm)有中等抑制活性。60%乙醇提取物对黑蚜(19.00 mm)、互花蚜(17.00 mm)和匍匐茎霉(15.80 mm)均有较好的抑制作用。通过植物化学筛选,发现苦杏仁苷中含有单宁、草酸、皂苷、类黄酮、胞苷、植酸和生物碱,可作为化学杀菌剂在番茄收获后果实保存中的潜在替代品。
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引用次数: 0
Body lifting, flattening, and burying of Tropidurus catalanensis Gudynas & Skuk, 1983 (Squamata, Tropiduridae): Defense, thermoregulation, or both? Gudynas & Skuk, 1983(棘足蝗科,棘足蝗科):防御,体温调节,还是两者兼而有之?
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/BJBS(2020)071709
T. Maia-Carneiro, C. Navas
Lizards of the genus Tropidurus display different behaviors for thermoregulation and defense. Here, we report new displays for Tropidurus catalanensis, which helps to understand how these lizards behave. Captive individuals lifted, flattened, and buried their bodies. Flattening and upstanding the bodies allow looking larger and may discourage attacks, as well as respectively enhance and decrease the approximation and the contact of body surfaces with substrates to thermoregulate. Burying themselves into earth and sand may help lizards to avoid or escape from menaces. When we first opened the containers, the T. catalanensis were already partially covered by vermiculite, which did not allow stating if they did it in response to supposed risks of predation because perceived the movements in the room or were already buried. Tropidurus catalanensis possibly may bury themselves to avoid detection during periods of inactivity. The self-burying behavior may be useful also for thermoregulation using substrate temperatures. Tropidurus catalanensis may increase the chances of getting out safe from dangerous interactions and of effective thermoregulation by performing such behaviors. Although we discussed the behaviors on the views of defense and thermoregulation, the body lifting, the flattening, and the burying seemed have occurred in a defensive context.
棘蜥属的蜥蜴在体温调节和防御方面表现出不同的行为。在这里,我们报告了catalanensis的新显示,这有助于了解这些蜥蜴的行为方式。被捕获的个体被举起、压平并埋葬。把身体放平和竖立起来可以让身体看起来更大,可能会阻止攻击,同时分别增强和减少身体表面与基材的近似和接触,以调节温度。把自己埋在泥土和沙子里可以帮助蜥蜴避开或逃离威胁。当我们第一次打开容器时,catalanensis已经部分被蛭石覆盖,这就无法说明它们这样做是为了应对被捕食的风险,因为它们看到了房间里的活动,还是已经被埋了。在不活动的时候,可能会把自己埋起来以避免被发现。自埋特性也可用于利用衬底温度进行温度调节。通过这样的行为,可能会增加从危险的相互作用中安全出来的机会,并增加有效的体温调节。尽管我们从防御和体温调节的角度讨论了这些行为,但尸体的抬升、压平和掩埋似乎是在防御背景下发生的。
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引用次数: 0
Ichthyofaunal composition and diversity of Stubbs Creek, Ibeno, in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria 尼日利亚阿夸伊博姆州伊贝诺Stubbs Creek的鱼类组成和多样性
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/BJBS(2020)071705
H. R. Anwan, M. Anetekhai
The fish abundance and distribution of Stubbs Creek were examined in order to provide information for the management and sustainable exploitation of the ecosystem services. Fish samples obtained from the fishermen landing sites were identified using FAO species identification guide. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Species diversity and community abundance were determined using Shannon-Weiver diversity index (H) and Margalef's species richness (d). Twenty nine fish species, twenty two genera in nineteen families and eight orders were identified from the three landing stations during the study. Station 1 (Iwokpom) recorded the highest taxa (24) consisting of 993 fishes (43.14%) of the total catch. Landing site 2 (Iwuchang) and 3 (Ubenekang) both recorded 22 taxa each comprising 556 (24.15%) and 753 (32.71%) fishes, respectively. Iwokpom recorded the highest diversity in fish species d = 3.333, but the lowest general ecosystem diversity (H = 2.781). Ubenekang (Station 3) had the lowest species richness d = 3.17, but recorded the highest biodiversity (H = 2.839) in the study. Evenness was generally high among the stations but Iwopom recorded the lowest value of e = 0.6722 and Ubenekang had the highest, e = 0.7769. Iwuchang (Station 2) came next to Iwopon in species richness d = 3.322, but was next to Ubenekang in general diversity (H = 2.833) and evenness e = 0.7725, respectively. The present study indicated that stub creek is rich in fish biodiversity. Therefore users of this water body should maintain responsible fishing activities in order to conserve this biodiversity.
研究了Stubbs Creek的鱼类丰度和分布,为生态系统服务的管理和可持续利用提供了依据。根据粮农组织物种鉴定指南,对渔民登陆点取得的鱼类样本进行了鉴定。数据分析采用描述性统计。利用Shannon-Weiver多样性指数(H)和Margalef物种丰富度(d)测定了3个登陆站的物种多样性和群落丰度,共鉴定出8目19科22属29种鱼类。第1站(Iwokpom)以24个分类群最多,共捕获993条鱼,占总捕获量的43.14%。2号登陆点(武昌)和3号登陆点(乌本康)分别记录到22个分类群,分别有556条(24.15%)和753条(32.71%)鱼。鱼种多样性最高(d = 3.333),总体生态系统多样性最低(H = 2.781)。乌本康(3号站)物种丰富度最低(d = 3.17),生物多样性最高(H = 2.839)。各气象站的均匀度总体较高,但iwoopom最低(e = 0.6722), Ubenekang最高(e = 0.7769)。物种丰富度d = 3.322仅次于武昌(2站),总体多样性和均匀度e分别为2.833和0.7725。研究表明,短尾溪具有丰富的鱼类生物多样性。因此,这一水体的使用者应保持负责任的捕捞活动,以保护这种生物多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Fisheries of Ilaje Community, Badagry, Lagos, Nigeria 尼日利亚拉各斯巴达格里Ilaje社区的渔业
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/BJBS(2020)071703
O. A. Osodein, M. Anetekhai
This study examined the fisheries of Ilaje Fishing Community, Badagry, Lagos State. The species composition, length-weight relationships, correlation parameters of landings, fishing gears and crafts, post-harvest technology and socio-economic profile of Fishermen were investigated. Species were sampled fortnightly from July to December, 2017 and respondents were sampled with structured questionnaire and discussion with key informants and focused group. The slope (b) values obtained for the 36 fish species from 22 families ranged from -1.5826 to 8.4126 with most of the fish species having negative allometric growth. Lowest condition factor (K) (0.321) was recorded in Trichiurus lepturus (Trichiuridae) while the highest value (20.304) was observed in Calappa rubroguttata (Calappidae). Majority of the canoe are motorized by 40 horse powered engine, with the fish species captured preserved with the use of traditional smoking kiln, while socioeconomic status of the fisherfolks is concluded to be average/low. Output of analyses of length and weight measurement of some species, which were landed in Ilaje Fishing Community, Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria, which have not been reported, are available for referrer for further studies.
这项研究调查了拉各斯州巴达格里Ilaje渔业社区的渔业。调查了鱼种组成、长度-重量关系、着陆点、渔具和渔具的相关参数、渔后技术和渔民的社会经济状况。2017年7 - 12月,每两周采集一次物种样本,采用结构化问卷方式采集样本,并与关键信息提供者和焦点小组进行讨论。22科36种鱼类的斜率(b)值在-1.5826 ~ 8.4126之间,大部分鱼类呈负异速生长。条件因子K (K)以瘦毛鼠(毛鼠科)最低,为0.321,以红毛鼠(毛鼠科)最高,为20.304。大多数独木舟由40马力的发动机驱动,捕获的鱼类使用传统的烟窑保存,渔民的社会经济地位一般/低。在尼日利亚拉各斯州Badagry的Ilaje渔业社区上岸的一些鱼种的长度和重量测量分析结果尚未报告,可供进一步研究参考。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of jamun Syzygium cumini seed and orange Citrus sinensis peel extracts against microcystin LR induced histological damage in the kidney of rat 沙米子和柑桔皮提取物对微囊藻毒素LR致大鼠肾脏组织损伤的影响
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21472/BJBS(2020)071702
B. D. Srivastava, M. Srivastava, M. Urata, Nobuo Suzuki, A. Srivastav
In this study we evaluated the protective effects of jamun Syzygium cumini seed and orange Citrus sinensis peel extracts on renotoxicity of microcystin LR in male rats. Groups A-F were given daily treatments for 30 days. Group A (Control): No treatment was given; Group B: microcystin (10 µg/kg body wt); Group C: microcystin (10 µg/kg body wt) and jamun seed extract (200 mg/kg body wt); Group D: microcystin (10 µg/kg body wt) and orange peel extract (200 mg/kg body wt; Group E: orange peel extract (200 mg/kg body wt); Group F: jamun seed extract (200 mg/kg body wt). Kidney were fixed at 15th and 30th day after the treatments. In 15 day MCLR (group B) treated rats shrunken glomeruli, hypertrophy of epithelial cells of tubules. vacuolation of cytoplasm and obliterated tubular lumina were noticed. In MCLR+JSE (group C) and MCLR+OPE (group D) treated rats almost similar changes were noticed as seen in MCLR treated rats. In OPE (group E) and JSE (group F) treated rats no visible morphological alterations were nojticed. Following 30 day MCLR treatment (group B), increased cellularity of glomeruli, no space between the Bowman's capsule and glomerulus, glomerular degeneration, dilated tubules, separation of tubular epithelial cells from underlying basement membrane, tubular vacuolization and degeneration with necrotic nuclei in lumina and deposition of eosin-positive material in the tubules were observed. In MCLR+JSE (group C) and MCLR+OPE (group D) treated rats the glomeruli were swollen showing increased cellularity. No degeneration was noticed in glomeruli. Tubules were dilated, however, at few places few epithelial cells were degenerating. Necrotic nuclei were not seen in tubular lumina. In OPE (group E) and JSE (group F) treated rats the kidney exhibited no histological changes.
本研究评价了香豆籽和柑桔皮提取物对雄性大鼠微囊藻毒素LR肾毒性的保护作用。A-F组每日治疗30 d。A组(对照组):不给予治疗;B组:微囊藻毒素(10µg/kg体wt);C组:微囊藻毒素(10µg/kg体wt)和jamun种子提取物(200 mg/kg体wt);D组:微囊藻毒素(10µg/kg体wt)和橙皮提取物(200 mg/kg体wt);E组:橘子皮提取物(200 mg/kg体wt);F组:jamun种子提取物(200 mg/kg体wt)。分别于治疗后第15天和第30天固定肾脏。在15天内,MCLR (B组)使大鼠肾小球缩小,小管上皮细胞肥大。细胞质空泡化,管状管腔消失。MCLR+JSE (C组)和MCLR+OPE (D组)处理大鼠的变化与MCLR处理大鼠几乎相似。OPE (E组)和JSE (F组)处理大鼠未见明显形态学改变。MCLR治疗30天后(B组),观察到肾小球细胞增多,鲍曼囊与肾小球间无间隙,肾小球变性,小管扩张,小管上皮细胞与基底膜分离,小管空泡化和变性,管腔内核坏死,小管中有伊红阳性物质沉积。MCLR+JSE (C组)和MCLR+OPE (D组)治疗大鼠肾小球肿胀,细胞增多。肾小球未见变性。小管扩张,少数地方上皮细胞变性。管状腔内未见坏死核。OPE (E组)和JSE (F组)处理的大鼠肾脏未见组织学改变。
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Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences
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