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Effects of calcium pidolate on performance, carcass traits, bone biomechanical properties and mineralisation and jejunum histomorphology in broilers. 匹多莫德钙对肉鸡生产性能、胴体性状、骨骼生物力学特性和矿化以及空肠组织形态学的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2410366
E T Gül

1. The current study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary calcium pidolate (CalP) on performance, slaughtering characteristics, bone biomechanical properties, mineralisation and jejunum histomorphology in male broilers. A total of 200 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were randomly assigned to one of four treatments as five pen replicates, each containing 10 chicks. The basal diet without CalP was formulated to supply the nutritional needs of broilers and the treatment diets contained 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 g/kg CalP, with limestone meeting the remaining calcium requirement.2. The addition of CalP had a quadratic effect on performance (P < 0.05) and the best performance was achieved in the group that included CalP at a dose of 0.45 g/kg but 0.60 g/kg level worsened performance. Supplementing with CalP linearly decreased carcass yield (P < 0.01) and relative breast weight (P ≤ 0.05) but the relative thigh weight increased quadratically (P < 0.05) and reached a maximum at 0.45 g/kg.3. Tibia shear force and stress linearly increased with the use of CalP in the diet (P < 0.05). Supplementation had a quadratic effect on tibial calcium (P < 0.01), reaching a maximum at 0.30 g/kg, although tibial phosphorus levels decreased linearly (P < 0.01).4. The effect of CalP on jejunum histomorphology fluctuated and, compared to the unsupplemented control group, the villus height/crypt depth ratio increased, while the other variables decreased (P < 0.05). Decrease in crypt depth with the addition of CalP was significant (P < 0.05).5. Using Ca-pidolate at a rate of 0.45 g/kg in broiler diets is sufficient to increase performance and tibia strength but 0.60 g/kg level negatively affected performance. In addition, the results of jejunum histomorphology were variable, but the crypt depth decreased with CalP levels and this is an important effect. However, further research is needed to detail the effect of CalP on broilers.

1.本研究旨在确定日粮匹多酸钙(CalP)对雄性肉鸡的生产性能、屠宰特征、骨骼生物力学特性、矿化和空肠组织形态学的影响。将总共 200 只一天龄的罗斯 308 公鸡随机分配到四个处理中的一个处理,每个处理有五个重复,每个重复有 10 只公鸡。基础日粮中不添加钙磷,以满足肉鸡的营养需求,处理日粮中分别添加 0.30、0.45 和 0.60 克/千克的钙磷,石灰石满足剩余的钙需求。 添加钙磷对生产性能有二次影响(P < 0.05),添加 0.45 克/千克钙磷的组生产性能最好,但添加 0.60 克/千克钙磷的组生产性能较差。添加钙磷可线性降低胴体产量(P < 0.01)和相对胸重(P ≤ 0.05),但相对大腿重呈二次方增加(P < 0.05),在 0.45 克/千克时达到最大值。 日粮中添加钙磷可线性增加胫骨剪切力和应力(P < 0.05)。4. CalP 对空肠组织形态学的影响是波动的,与未添加 CalP 的对照组相比,绒毛高度/隐窝深度比增加,而其他变量减少(P < 0.05)。5. 在肉鸡日粮中添加 0.45 克/千克的钙-哌啶醇足以提高肉鸡的生产性能和胫骨强度,但 0.60 克/千克的添加量会对生产性能产生负面影响。此外,空肠组织形态学的结果各不相同,但隐窝深度随着钙磷水平的增加而减少,这是一个重要的影响因素。不过,还需要进一步研究钙磷对肉鸡的影响。
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引用次数: 0
A meta-analysis of the sources of variation in the environmental impacts of different broiler production systems. 对不同肉鸡生产系统对环境影响的变化来源进行元分析。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2409192
I Kyriazakis, S Dokou, J Taylor, I Giannenas, E Murphy

1. Shifting to higher welfare systems is expected to increase their environmental impact and mitigation strategies need to be identified. The environmental impacts associated with various broiler production systems (BPS: conventional, higher welfare indoors, free-range or organic) and the characteristics of BPS which contribute to these impacts were investigated via a literature review and meta-analysis.2. The impact metrics considered were global warming (GWP), acidification and eutrophication potentials, NH3 emissions, land use, water use, energy use (EU) and biodiversity. Due to the paucity of data, analysis was limited to the impacts of the characteristics of the BPS: stocking density (STD), slaughter weight (SW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), on GWP, NH3 emissions and EU.3. After correction for system boundaries and functional units, no statistical effects of BPS on GWP were found, while higher welfare systems were associated with higher EU. Reduced STD was associated with reductions in GWP and EU. The SW was positively associated with GWP and NH3 emissions, while higher FCR was associated with increased NH3 emissions and EU.4. Environmental impacts arose from feed-associated activities (>75%). Most of the GWP impacts were associated with land use change (LUC), especially when associated with 'unsustainable' soya. High variation in values for different environmental metrics within BPS indicated a lack of standardisation in the assessment of environmental impact across the industry.5. The results suggested that practices within a system contributed greatly to the environmental impact of the system. Rather than comparing systems, it may be more productive to focus on improving practices that have the potential to reduce environmental impacts within a system, without compromising animal welfare.

1.向高福利系统的转变预计会增加其对环境的影响,因此需要确定缓解策略。通过文献综述和荟萃分析,研究了与各种肉鸡生产系统(BPS:常规、室内高福利、散养或有机)相关的环境影响,以及造成这些影响的 BPS 特性。 2. 考虑的影响指标包括全球升温潜能值(GWP)、酸化和富营养化潜能值、NH3 排放、土地利用、水利用、能源利用(欧盟)和生物多样性。由于数据匮乏,分析仅限于 BPS 特征对全球升温潜能值、NH3 排放量和 EU3 的影响:存栏密度 (STD)、屠宰重量 (SW)、饲料转化率 (FCR)。在对系统边界和功能单位进行校正后,没有发现 BPS 对全球升温潜能值的统计影响,而福利较高的系统与较高的 EU 值相关。STD 的降低与 GWP 和 EU 的降低有关。SW 与 GWP 和 NH3 排放量呈正相关,而较高的 FCR 则与 NH3 排放量和 EU 的增加有关。环境影响来自与饲料相关的活动(>75%)。大多数全球升温潜能值影响与土地利用变化(LUC)有关,尤其是与 "不可持续 "大豆有关时。BPS 中不同环境指标值的高度差异表明,整个行业的环境影响评估缺乏标准化。 结果表明,系统内的实践对系统的环境影响有很大影响。与其对系统进行比较,不如集中精力改进有可能减少系统内环境影响而又不损害动物福利的做法,这样可能更有成效。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) improves carotenoids content in laying hen egg yolk. 荨麻能提高产蛋鸡蛋黄中类胡萝卜素的含量。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2406335
V R Pirgozliev, K Kljak, I M Whiting, S C Mansbridge, A G Atanasov, S B Enchev, M Tukša, S P Rose

1. This study assessed the addition of dried stinging nettle (SN) leaves at 0%, 2.5% and 5.0% in feed on egg production, egg quality, chemical composition and antioxidant content in eggs from laying hens.2. Seventy-two Hy-Line Brown laying hens, housed in 36 enriched layer cages, were used in the study from 43 to 47 weeks of age. Feeding dry SN leaves did not affect (p > 0.05) egg production variables.3. Dietary SN inclusion linearly increased (p < 0.001) carotenoid content more than six-fold, in addition to yellowness and redness of the yolks at the maximum inclusion. Providing eggs from hens fed carotenoid enriched diets, e.g. SN, may be used to increase carotenoids in human diets.

1.本研究评估了在饲料中添加 0%、2.5% 和 5.0% 的干荨麻(SN)叶对蛋鸡产蛋量、鸡蛋质量、化学成分和鸡蛋中抗氧化剂含量的影响。 2. 本研究使用了 72 只饲养在 36 个强化蛋鸡笼中的 43 至 47 周龄海线褐蛋鸡。饲喂干燥的 SN 叶片不会影响(p > 0.05)鸡蛋产量变量。 3.膳食中添加 SN 会线性增加(p 例如,SN 可用于增加人类膳食中的类胡萝卜素。
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引用次数: 0
Ante-mortem glutathione peroxidase 4 inhibition by RSL3 affects post-mortem meat quality in broiler chickens. RSL3 对死前谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4 的抑制会影响肉鸡死后的肉质。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2412167
T Nakanishi, T Uchiyama, M Uchida, L Erickson, S Kawahara

1. This study investigated the role of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key regulator of ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, in muscle biochemistry and meat quality, utilising broiler chickens whose ante-mortem GPX4 activity was inhibited pharmacologically.2. Male broilers were divided into two groups, each receiving ante-mortem administration of the GPX4 inhibitor, Ras-selective lethal 3 (RSL3), or a vehicle only. After slaughter, breast muscles were collected and stored for 48 h. The expressions of ferroptosis-related genes, glutathione levels, pH, colour and water-holding capacity were evaluated at multiple time points during the storage period.3. The RSL3 treatment decreased the expression of GPX4 and ferritin heavy chain 1, which are negative regulators of ferroptosis, while it increased the expression of a ferroptosis accelerator, acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4. The ratio of reduced to oxidised glutathione was significantly decreased in the RSL3 group. The RSL3 treatment decelerated post-mortem pH decline and colour changes, such as a decrease in L* and an increase in a* were observed in the RSL3 group. In addition, the RSL3 group showed increased levels of water-holding capacity.4. These findings suggested that ante-mortem GPX4 activity plays a role in determining meat quality, implying the possible involvement of ferroptosis in the mechanism by which skeletal muscle is converted after slaughter into meat that is eaten.

1.本研究利用死前 GPX4 活性受到药理抑制的肉鸡,研究了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4(GPX4)(一种程序性细胞死亡的关键调节因子)在肌肉生物化学和肉质中的作用。 雄性肉鸡被分为两组,每组在死前接受 GPX4 抑制剂 Ras 选择性致死 3(RSL3)或仅接受药物治疗。3. RSL3 处理降低了 GPX4 和铁蛋白重链 1 的表达(它们是铁蛋白沉积的负调控因子),同时增加了铁蛋白沉积加速因子酰基-CoA 合成酶长链家族成员 4 的表达。在 RSL3 组中,还原型谷胱甘肽与氧化型谷胱甘肽的比例明显下降。RSL3 治疗减缓了死后 pH 值的下降,在 RSL3 组观察到了颜色变化,如 L* 下降和 a* 上升。这些研究结果表明,死前 GPX4 活性在决定肉质方面发挥了作用,这意味着铁变态反应可能参与了骨骼肌在屠宰后转化为食用肉的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) after different administration routes. 不同给药途径下鸭体内托非那酸的药代动力学。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2410365
D Durna Corum, O Corum, K Uney, E Turk, F Sakin, M Giorgi

1. The objective of this research was to compare the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tolfenamic acid, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory compound, after administration through different routes to Pekin ducks. The investigation was carried out over four time periods using a randomised cross-pharmacokinetic design.2. Tolfenamic acid was administered to ducks intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously and orally at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid analysis was performed using HPLC-UV and pharmacokinetic data were conducted by non-compartmental analysis.3. The total clearance, volume of distribution at steady state and terminal elimination half-life after intravenous administration were 0.14 l/h/kg, 0.29 l/kg and 1.80 h, respectively. The peak plasma concentration and bioavailability for intramuscular, subcutaneous and oral administration were 4.59, 3.55 and 2.23 μg/ml and 93.62, 74.30 and 43.43%, respectively.4. Tolfenamic acid was absorbed rapidly, eliminated quickly and exhibited a small distribution volume in Pekin ducks. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum concentration, area under the plasma concentration - time curve and bioavailability, were found to be different in ducks from other bird species.

1.本研究的目的是比较北京鸭通过不同途径服用镇痛、解热和消炎化合物托非那酸后的药代动力学和生物利用度。这项研究采用随机交叉药物动力学设计,分四个时间段进行。 2. 给鸭子静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射和口服 2 毫克/千克的olfenamic 酸。3. 静脉注射后的总清除率、稳态分布容积和终末消除半衰期分别为 0.14 l/h/kg、0.29 l/kg 和 1.80 h。肌肉注射、皮下注射和口服给药的血浆峰浓度和生物利用度分别为 4.59、3.55 和 2.23 μg/ml,93.62%、74.30% 和 43.43%。 4. 唑菌酰胺在北京鸭体内吸收快,消除快,分布容积小。研究发现,鹅的药代动力学参数(包括最大浓度、血浆浓度-时间曲线下面积和生物利用度)与其他鸟类不同。
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in ducks (<i>Anas platyrhynchos domestica</i>) after different administration routes.","authors":"D Durna Corum, O Corum, K Uney, E Turk, F Sakin, M Giorgi","doi":"10.1080/00071668.2024.2410365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2024.2410365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. The objective of this research was to compare the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tolfenamic acid, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory compound, after administration through different routes to Pekin ducks. The investigation was carried out over four time periods using a randomised cross-pharmacokinetic design.2. Tolfenamic acid was administered to ducks intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously and orally at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Tolfenamic acid analysis was performed using HPLC-UV and pharmacokinetic data were conducted by non-compartmental analysis.3. The total clearance, volume of distribution at steady state and terminal elimination half-life after intravenous administration were 0.14 l/h/kg, 0.29 l/kg and 1.80 h, respectively. The peak plasma concentration and bioavailability for intramuscular, subcutaneous and oral administration were 4.59, 3.55 and 2.23 μg/ml and 93.62, 74.30 and 43.43%, respectively.4. Tolfenamic acid was absorbed rapidly, eliminated quickly and exhibited a small distribution volume in Pekin ducks. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum concentration, area under the plasma concentration - time curve and bioavailability, were found to be different in ducks from other bird species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9322,"journal":{"name":"British Poultry Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of feed particle size, calcium concentration and phytase supplementation on InsP6 degradation in broiler chickens fed pelleted diets. 饲料粒度、钙浓度和植酸酶补充剂对饲喂颗粒日粮的肉鸡InsP6降解的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2412096
S Wolfrum, W Siegert, I Rubio-Cervantes, D Feuerstein, A Camarinha-Silva, M Rodehutscord

1. The objective of the trial was to study the single and interactive effects of feed particle size in pelleted feed, dietary calcium (Ca) concentration and microbial phytase supplementation in broiler chickens. The studied traits were myo-inositol (1,2,3,4,5,6) hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) degradation, pre-caecal digestibility of phosphorus (P), Ca and amino acids (AA) and retention of P, Ca and nitrogen (N).2. Male Ross 308 broiler chickens were housed in metabolism units in groups of 10 and allocated to one of eight diets with seven pen replicates per diet. The 2 × 2 × 2-factorial arrangement included coarse and fine feed particle size (309 or 222 µm), low and high Ca concentration (4.9 and 7.2 g/kg) and without or with phytase supplementation (1,000 FTU/kg).3. Pre-caecal InsP6 disappearance was higher with coarse than fine feed particle size when no phytase was added (54 vs. 48%) but not when phytase was added (74%; p = 0.046). High dietary Ca feeds decreased pre-caecal InsP6 disappearance (67 to 59%) and P digestibility (65 to 55%; p < 0.001). Gizzard pH was lower with coarse than fine feed particle size and higher with high Ca than low Ca (p < 0.001). Pre-caecal digestibility of most AA was approximately 3.5%-points lower with high Ca without phytase compared to the other treatments (p ≤ 0.047). Coarse feed particle size caused higher pre-caecal AA digestibility than fine particle size (~2%-points; p ≤ 0.031). InsP6 disappearance in the crop increased at high Ca concentration when phytase was added (22 vs. 37%; p = 0.011).4. Coarser feed particle size in pellets increased gastrointestinal InsP6 degradation and nutrient digestibility, likely owing to effects on the gizzard functions. Additional Ca supply exerted antinutritive effects that was not compensated for by using coarser feed particles.

1.试验的目的是研究颗粒饲料粒度、日粮钙(Ca)浓度和微生物植酸酶补充剂对肉鸡的单一影响和交互影响。研究的性状包括肌醇(1,2,3,4,5,6)六(磷酸二氢盐)(InsP6)降解,磷(P)、钙和氨基酸(AA)的粪前消化率,以及磷、钙和氮(N)的保留率。 雄性罗斯 308 肉鸡被饲养在代谢单元中,每 10 只为一组,并被分配到八种日粮中的一种,每种日粮有七个重复栏。2 × 2 × 2 因子排列包括粗颗粒和细颗粒饲料(309 或 222 µm)、低钙浓度和高钙浓度(4.9 和 7.2 g/kg)以及不添加或添加植酸酶(1,000 FTU/kg)。 3. 在不添加植酸酶的情况下,粗颗粒饲料比细颗粒饲料的粪便前 InsP6 消失率更高(54% 对 48%),但在添加植酸酶的情况下则不然(74%;p = 0.046)。高钙饲料降低了粪便前 InsP6 的消失率(从 67% 降至 59%)和钙消化率(从 65% 降至 55%;p p ≤ 0.047)。粗饲料粒度比细饲料粒度导致更高的粪便前 AA 消化率(~2%-points;p ≤ 0.031)。当添加植酸酶时,嗉囊中的InsP6在高浓度钙时的消失率增加(22% vs. 37%; p = 0.011)。 4. 颗粒饲料中较粗的饲料粒度增加了胃肠道InsP6的降解和营养消化率,这可能是由于对胗功能的影响。额外的钙供应会产生反营养作用,而使用更粗的饲料颗粒则无法弥补这种作用。
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引用次数: 0
Tissue oxidative stress and expression of chicken UCP and ANT mRNA in laying hens exposed to acute cold stress. 暴露于急性冷应激的蛋鸡组织氧化应激与鸡 UCP 和 ANT mRNA 的表达。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2406330
L-Y Chang, L-X Dong, Z-Y Liu, E-Y Hao, X-Y Wang, L-Y Zhu, C-H Li, X-L Zhang

1. Exposure to stress alters normal homoeostasis and, hence, the antioxidant defence system. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute cold temperature on the antioxidant defence system in hens.2. Hy-line grey commercial layers (80 40-week-old) were randomly assigned to one of eight groups.  In groups 1 to 5, hens were exposed to low temperature at -8.68°C (cool stressed) for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h, respectively. In groups 6 and 7, post 10 h cool stressed, hens were quickly transferred to room at 21°C to recovery for 2 h and 4h, respectively. In treatment groups 6 and 7, post 10 h cool stressed, hens were quickly transferred to room at 21°C for 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Group 8 was the control, where hens were housed under regular condition at 21°C as controls.3. Antioxidant enzymes (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA), in skeletal muscle, the kidney, liver and pancreas were measured. The transcription of avUCP and ANT mRNA was tested by RT-PCR.4. The T-AOC activity was increased in the skeletal muscle of hens cold stressed for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h and the 2 h recovery groups compared with control hens (p < 0.05). The GPx activity was increased in the liver and skeletal muscle after cold stress 4 h and in the pancreas of cold stress 2 h compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Antioxidant SOD activity was increased in the kidney after cold stress 6 h and in the liver after cold stress 10 h compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Measured MDA activity was increased in the pancreas after 2 h cold stress (p < 0.05).5. UCP mRNA expression level was increased in the pectoral muscle for 2 h and 4 h recovery groups compared with the control hens (p < 0.05) and avian uncoupling protein (UPC), adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) expression level was increased in the leg muscle of hens cold stress for 2, 6, 8 h and recovery 2 and 4 h.6. The observed changes in the antioxidant defence system were tissue specific. Increments in levels of ANT (leg muscle) and UCP (pectoral and leg muscle) mRNA expression may be involved in the regulation of thermogenesis in skeletal muscle.

1.应激会改变正常的平衡,从而改变抗氧化防御系统。本研究旨在探讨急性低温对母鸡抗氧化防御系统的影响。 将 80 只 40 周龄的灰系商品蛋鸡随机分配到八个组中的一组。在第 1 至第 5 组中,母鸡分别暴露在 -8.68°C 的低温下 2、4、6、8 和 10 小时(低温应激)。第 6 组和第 7 组的母鸡在 10 小时低温应激后迅速转移到 21°C 的室内分别恢复 2 小时和 4 小时。第 6 组和第 7 组在 10 小时低温应激后,分别将母鸡迅速转移到 21°C 的室内恢复 2 小时和 4 小时。3.测定骨骼肌、肾脏、肝脏和胰腺中的抗氧化酶(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和丙二醛(MDA)。通过 RT-PCR 测试了 avUCP 和 ANT mRNA 的转录情况。与对照组相比,冷应激 2、4、6、8 和 10 h 及 2 h 恢复组母鸡骨骼肌中的 T-AOC 活性增加(p p p p p
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引用次数: 0
Insights of dietary electrolyte balance in broilers raised under natural heat stress conditions. 自然热应激条件下肉鸡日粮电解质平衡的启示
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2379959
F A D S Moura, D R S E Silva, R D S Araújo, G J B D C Ferreira, P M Lopes, S D C Silva, R M Bezerra, F L D A Carvalho, J D F S Cardoso, L P Machado, L R B Dourado

1. Dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) has been used to minimise problems in broiler chickens raised in warm climates. However, there is a need to determine the most appropriate DEB levels in these animals2. This study evaluated the influence of five DEB levels (110, 175, 240, 305 and 370 mEq/kg) on water intake (WI), zootechnical performance (feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio), tibiotarsus bone variables (fresh bone weight, dry bone weight, bone length, mineral matter, Seedor index and bone strength) and intestinal histomorphometry (villus height (VH) and width (VW), crypt height (CH) and width (CW), internal and external muscularis) on broilers in two developmental phases (1-21 and 22-42 d of age). Additionally, the haematological profile (blood count and serum biochemistry), carcass yield, cuts and abdominal fat were assessed.3. Applying 370 mEq/kg DEB increased WI, VW in the jejunum and ileum and number of haemocytes at 21 d, while WI and VW in the duodenum and ileum at 42 d. In contrast, 110 mEq/kg increased chlorine concentrations at 21 d and leukocyte and heterophil numbers at 42 d.4. In summary, the 370 mEq/kg level was the most appropriate for broiler homoeostasis raised under natural heat stress, as the best results were found on WI and VW variables. Therefore, this DEB level was recommended in broilers aged 21 or 42 d.

1.膳食电解质平衡(DEB)已被用于尽量减少温暖气候条件下饲养肉鸡的问题。然而,有必要确定最适合这些动物的 DEB 水平2。本研究评估了五种 DEB 水平(110、175、240、305 和 370 mEq/kg)对采食水量(WI)、动物技术性能(采食量、增重和饲料转化率)、胫跗关节骨骼变量(新鲜骨重、干骨重、骨长度、矿物质、籽实含量)的影响、和宽度(VW)、隐窝高度(CH)和宽度(CW)、内外肌层)。此外,还评估了血液学特征(血细胞计数和血清生化指标)、胴体产量、屠宰量和腹部脂肪。 370 mEq/kg DEB 在 21 d 增加了空肠和回肠的 WI 和 VW 以及血细胞数量,而在 42 d 增加了十二指肠和回肠的 WI 和 VW。总之,370 mEq/kg 的水平最适合在自然热应激条件下饲养的肉鸡,因为它对 WI 和 VW 变量的影响最好。因此,建议在 21 日龄或 42 日龄肉鸡中使用这一 DEB 水平。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of two diet types in reduced-crude protein diets with or without phytase supplementation - implications on key phenotypic responses in 21-day-old broiler chickens. 评估补充或不补充植酸酶的两种粗蛋白还原日粮类型--对 21 日龄肉鸡主要表型反应的影响。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2412136
O A Olukosi, H Philippi, S Veluri, B Kasireddy, A M Ajao, M Pilevar, I W Oluseyifunmi

1. Two concurrent experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of using the crude protein (CP) value of supplemental amino acids (AA) in formulating reduced-crude protein (RCP) diets. The RCP diets formulated without accounting for CP values of supplemental AA (RCPN) or otherwise (RCPY) or a positive control (PC) diet were fed without (Experiment 1) or with (Experiment 2) phytase.2. Each experiment utilised 105 male broiler chicks. Birds were provided a common starter diet from d 0-7. On d 21, ileal digesta were collected from the distal half of the ileum. For mRNA expression analysis, tissues were collected from the mid-jejunum and the liver. Excreta grab samples were collected for analysis for N content.3. In Experiment 1, there was a stepwise decrease (p < 0.01) in weight gain and excreta N for birds receiving PC, RCPN and RCPY diets. The coefficients of ileal digestibility of His, Leu, Phe and Trp were greater (p < 0.05) in birds that received RCPY rather than the PC diets. The relative mRNA expression of CAT1 was greater (p < 0.05) for birds that received the PC diet.4. In Experiment 2, growth performance and excreta N were not different between the PC and RCPN diets, but weight gain, feed intake and excreta N were greater (p < 0.01) in birds receiving PC or RCPN diets. The coefficients of digestibility were greater (p < 0.01) in RCP than PC diets for Lys, Thr, Cys, Gly and Ser. The mRNA expression for S6kinase and PRKAβ2 was greater (p < 0.05) for birds fed RCPN compared to PC.5. In conclusion, accounting for the N content of supplemental AA during feed formulation for RCP diets will influence the effect of CP reduction on growth performance and ileal amino acid digestibility.

1.为了研究使用补充氨基酸(AA)的粗蛋白(CP)值配制减少粗蛋白(RCP)日粮的效果,我们同时进行了两项实验。2. 每个实验使用 105 只雄性肉用仔鸡。雏鸡在第 0-7 天食用普通开食料。第 21 天,从回肠远半部分收集回肠消化液。为进行 mRNA 表达分析,从中段空肠和肝脏收集组织。收集排泄物抓取样本以分析 N 含量。 在实验 1 中,N 含量呈阶梯式下降(p p p p p P
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引用次数: 0
Catalase, superoxide dismutase and butylated hydroxytoluene benefit mid-term storage of red-legged partridge sperm (Alectoris rufa). 过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和丁基羟基甲苯有利于红腿鹧鸪精子(Alectoris rufa)的中期储存。
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2394185
B Bernal, I Gallarosa-García, A Toledano-Díaz, C Castaño, R Velázquez, O Torres, M G Gil, J Santiago-Moreno

1. The present study assessed the effect of different antioxidants on the quality of chilled/frozen-thawed sperm of red-legged partridge.2. Sperm samples from 40 red-legged partridges were collected and extended 1:1 (v:v) with Lake and Ravie 84, supplemented with ascorbic acid or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mM and catalase (CAT) or superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 0, 100, 200 and 300 IU/ml. Ten sperm samples were used per concentration. Motility and viability were evaluated in fresh and after 6 h of chilling at 5°C or after freezing-thawing.3. For chilled sperm, the presence of ascorbic acid decreased viability and several motility variables; BHT 0.8 mM increased non-progressive motility (NPM, 26.7 ± 1.99 vs. 20.7 ± 2.12); CAT 200 IU/ml improved the rectilinear velocity (40.4 ± 4.63 μ/s vs. 29.9 ± 4.62 μ/s) and linear progression ratio (52.8 ± 3.11% vs. 45.4 ± 2.98%); SOD 100 IU/ml increased NPM (24.5 ± 1.21% vs. 19.3 ± 1.75%) and tended to improve total progressive motility (42.7 ± 3.33% vs. 33.2 ± 3.26%, p = 0.07). Using an extender supplemented with CAT 200 or SOD 100 did not improve the post-thawed sperm quality.4. The present work provides an advance in the optimisation of chilling and freezing protocols for red-legged partridge sperm.

1.本研究评估了不同抗氧化剂对红腿鹧鸪冷藏/冷冻解冻精子质量的影响。采集 40 只红腿鹧鸪的精子样本,用 Lake 和 Ravie 84 以 1:1 (v:v)的比例混合,并添加 0、0.2、0.4 和 0.8 mM 的抗坏血酸或丁基羟基甲苯(BHT),以及 0、100、200 和 300 IU/ml 的过氧化氢酶(CAT)或超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)。每个浓度使用 10 个精子样本。对新鲜精子、在 5°C 冷冻 6 小时后的精子或冷冻-解冻后的精子3 的运动能力和存活率进行评估。对于冷冻后的精子,抗坏血酸的存在降低了存活率和几个运动变量;BHT 0.8 mM 增加了非进行性运动(NPM,26.7 ± 1.99 vs. 20.7 ± 2.12);CAT 200 IU/ml 提高了直线运动速度(40.4 ± 4.63 μ/s vs. 29.9 ± 4.62 μ/s)。29.9±4.62μ/s)和线性进展率(52.8±3.11% vs. 45.4±2.98%);SOD 100 IU/ml 增加了 NPM(24.5±1.21% vs. 19.3±1.75%),并倾向于改善总进展运动(42.7±3.33% vs. 33.2±3.26%,p = 0.07)。使用添加了 CAT 200 或 SOD 100 的扩展剂并不能提高解冻后的精子质量。 本研究为优化红腿鹧鸪精子的冷藏和冷冻方案提供了新的思路。
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British Poultry Science
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