Luciano Ciravegna, C. Hartwell, S. Jandhyala, Ishmael Tingbani, William Newburry
In the current geopolitical context, multinational corporations (MNCs) face a high level of uncertainty and volatility while trying to navigate a changing landscape. This AIB Insights special issue aims to provide the first steps towards articulating novel and actionable insights to guide MNCs as they interact with a rapidly shifting geopolitical environment. Our introductory editorial to the issue first briefly introduces the topic of geopolitics and international business in the current global environment. It then surveys the issue’s five articles. Given current international circumstances, many of the articles revolve around themes of war and peace, but the lessons derived are applicable to any manner of geopolitical risks.
{"title":"Geopolitics in International Business: Challenges and Insights","authors":"Luciano Ciravegna, C. Hartwell, S. Jandhyala, Ishmael Tingbani, William Newburry","doi":"10.46697/001c.70428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.70428","url":null,"abstract":"In the current geopolitical context, multinational corporations (MNCs) face a high level of uncertainty and volatility while trying to navigate a changing landscape. This AIB Insights special issue aims to provide the first steps towards articulating novel and actionable insights to guide MNCs as they interact with a rapidly shifting geopolitical environment. Our introductory editorial to the issue first briefly introduces the topic of geopolitics and international business in the current global environment. It then surveys the issue’s five articles. Given current international circumstances, many of the articles revolve around themes of war and peace, but the lessons derived are applicable to any manner of geopolitical risks.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85329864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geopolitical shifts are having an increased impact on multinational enterprises. We propose a framework that illustrates how corporate responses to geopolitical shifts vary with operational and reputational considerations. We build our framework from evidence of how five Danish multinationals with operations in Russia responded to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The selected cases highlight several drivers of operational and reputational considerations that offer reasons for MNEs’ heterogeneity in strategic responses. Based on our framework, we derive recommendations for managers in terms of increased preparedness and awareness. We also recommend that policymakers reconsider their strategies for using corporations as geopolitical instruments.
{"title":"Should I Stay or Should I Go? How Danish MNEs in Russia Respond to a Geopolitical Shift","authors":"M. Mol, L. Rabbiosi, G. Santangelo","doi":"10.46697/001c.68337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.68337","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolitical shifts are having an increased impact on multinational enterprises. We propose a framework that illustrates how corporate responses to geopolitical shifts vary with operational and reputational considerations. We build our framework from evidence of how five Danish multinationals with operations in Russia responded to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The selected cases highlight several drivers of operational and reputational considerations that offer reasons for MNEs’ heterogeneity in strategic responses. Based on our framework, we derive recommendations for managers in terms of increased preparedness and awareness. We also recommend that policymakers reconsider their strategies for using corporations as geopolitical instruments.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88505507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molly M. Mellin, Santiago Sosa, Andres Velez-Calle, Ivan Montiel
How might businesses foster peace? We borrow insights from political science on the causes of war to guide IB scholarly research. We analyze war as a bargaining failure and present five causes of war (unchecked authority, intangible incentives, uncertainty, commitment problems, and misperceptions). We then identify business-for-peace initiatives (modifying incentives for war and peace, ex-combatant demobilization and reintegration, providing information, mediation and track-two diplomacy, peace guarantees, and community engagement) and propose research questions for each. Our work has important implications for IB scholars conducting research on firms operating in conflict-prone environments.
{"title":"War and International Business: Insights from Political Science","authors":"Molly M. Mellin, Santiago Sosa, Andres Velez-Calle, Ivan Montiel","doi":"10.46697/001c.68323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.68323","url":null,"abstract":"How might businesses foster peace? We borrow insights from political science on the causes of war to guide IB scholarly research. We analyze war as a bargaining failure and present five causes of war (unchecked authority, intangible incentives, uncertainty, commitment problems, and misperceptions). We then identify business-for-peace initiatives (modifying incentives for war and peace, ex-combatant demobilization and reintegration, providing information, mediation and track-two diplomacy, peace guarantees, and community engagement) and propose research questions for each. Our work has important implications for IB scholars conducting research on firms operating in conflict-prone environments.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91088902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Lawton, Stephanie Tonn Goulart Moura, D. Tobin, Bernardo Silva-Rêgo
The lack of boundaries in cyberspace contributes to geopolitical disputes, as data and technology are weaponized across borders, and hacking of critical infrastructure becomes pervasive. But we lack a framework for understanding the tangible impact of geopolitical tensions and digital proxy conflict on states and firms. We argue that governments and companies can gain insights into these tensions by examining who controls the main structural power pillars of the international political economy: production, security, knowledge, and finance. Based on this approach, we consider how policymakers and practitioners can engage and navigate digital geopolitics in an age of uncertainty.
{"title":"Geopolitics of the Digital Economy: Implications for States and Firms","authors":"T. Lawton, Stephanie Tonn Goulart Moura, D. Tobin, Bernardo Silva-Rêgo","doi":"10.46697/001c.67966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.67966","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of boundaries in cyberspace contributes to geopolitical disputes, as data and technology are weaponized across borders, and hacking of critical infrastructure becomes pervasive. But we lack a framework for understanding the tangible impact of geopolitical tensions and digital proxy conflict on states and firms. We argue that governments and companies can gain insights into these tensions by examining who controls the main structural power pillars of the international political economy: production, security, knowledge, and finance. Based on this approach, we consider how policymakers and practitioners can engage and navigate digital geopolitics in an age of uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80889669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geopolitical risk is a major concern for top managers of multinationals around the globe. However, top managers often find it challenging to assess how geopolitical risk can impact their multinational’s operations. Hence, this article offers top managers a multi-level approach for the holistic assessment of geopolitical risk that can help them identify their multinational’s degree of exposure. This multi-level approach integrates insights of over one hundred top managers of multinationals, and involves conducting a tailored examination at the supranational, international, national, industry, and firm levels of analysis to factor geopolitical risk more effectively into strategic decision making.
{"title":"Assessing Geopolitical Risk: A Multi-Level Approach for Top Managers of Multinationals","authors":"Maria A. De Villa","doi":"10.46697/001c.67875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.67875","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolitical risk is a major concern for top managers of multinationals around the globe. However, top managers often find it challenging to assess how geopolitical risk can impact their multinational’s operations. Hence, this article offers top managers a multi-level approach for the holistic assessment of geopolitical risk that can help them identify their multinational’s degree of exposure. This multi-level approach integrates insights of over one hundred top managers of multinationals, and involves conducting a tailored examination at the supranational, international, national, industry, and firm levels of analysis to factor geopolitical risk more effectively into strategic decision making.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81898732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The media is a rich data source for IB scholars to study policy uncertainty, stakeholder attention, and issue salience. However, the media is exposed to geopolitical tension and political interference. The resulting bias distorts the insights scholars gain from media analysis and leads to potentially impaired conclusions. This study introduces GDELT and Google Trends as novel data sources to handle this challenge. Their usefulness is illustrated by an analysis of media coverage of Russia’s invasion in Ukraine in 2022. The paper guides scholars in conducting media-based research in the face of abrupt geopolitical tension and political interference.
{"title":"Media in the Geopolitical Crossfire: Identification and Novel Data Sources for IB Research","authors":"Harald Puhr, Alex Kupfer","doi":"10.46697/001c.66442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.66442","url":null,"abstract":"The media is a rich data source for IB scholars to study policy uncertainty, stakeholder attention, and issue salience. However, the media is exposed to geopolitical tension and political interference. The resulting bias distorts the insights scholars gain from media analysis and leads to potentially impaired conclusions. This study introduces GDELT and Google Trends as novel data sources to handle this challenge. Their usefulness is illustrated by an analysis of media coverage of Russia’s invasion in Ukraine in 2022. The paper guides scholars in conducting media-based research in the face of abrupt geopolitical tension and political interference.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73006169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Starting from a humble background in India, Deepak Ohri, founder and CEO of lebua Hotels & Resorts, has become a leading figure in the luxury hospitality industry. He recently released his book, A Bridge Not Too Far: Where Creativity Meets Innovation, where he describes his journey to becoming a global hospitality leader. In this interview, he discusses with William Newburry the conditions that impacted his decision to become a self-initiated expatriate to Singapore, Thailand, and the United States, his development of an entrepreneurial global mindset, and factors related to the emerging market context of Thailand that influence business success.
{"title":"“A Bridge Not Too Far”: An Interview with lebua Hotels & Resorts Founder and CEO Deepak Ohri","authors":"William Newburry, Deepak Ohri","doi":"10.46697/001c.67892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.67892","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from a humble background in India, Deepak Ohri, founder and CEO of lebua Hotels & Resorts, has become a leading figure in the luxury hospitality industry. He recently released his book, A Bridge Not Too Far: Where Creativity Meets Innovation, where he describes his journey to becoming a global hospitality leader. In this interview, he discusses with William Newburry the conditions that impacted his decision to become a self-initiated expatriate to Singapore, Thailand, and the United States, his development of an entrepreneurial global mindset, and factors related to the emerging market context of Thailand that influence business success.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78484558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article summarizes my award-winning dissertation on innovation for transforming the United Nations (UN) to solve the grand challenges in a technologically evolving world. It answers: how do the processes of managing, structuring and scaling innovation impact international organizations and the fulfilment of their missions? Findings show that innovative initiatives lead to the development of responsible innovation capacity, that scaling digital solutions for wicked problems requires global/local ecosystem actors to take on new roles in each location, and that innovation units create value through relationships not owned by one party. These contributions exhibit the cross-sectoral potential for delivering global impact through innovation. It also shows that IB scholars have the frameworks and tools to move beyond traditional contexts to address real problems in the global economy.
{"title":"Managing, Structuring and Scaling Innovation in International Organizations","authors":"K. Tatarinov","doi":"10.46697/001c.39662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.39662","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes my award-winning dissertation on innovation for transforming the United Nations (UN) to solve the grand challenges in a technologically evolving world. It answers: how do the processes of managing, structuring and scaling innovation impact international organizations and the fulfilment of their missions? Findings show that innovative initiatives lead to the development of responsible innovation capacity, that scaling digital solutions for wicked problems requires global/local ecosystem actors to take on new roles in each location, and that innovation units create value through relationships not owned by one party. These contributions exhibit the cross-sectoral potential for delivering global impact through innovation. It also shows that IB scholars have the frameworks and tools to move beyond traditional contexts to address real problems in the global economy.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75540051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital firms constantly iterate products to capture innovation opportunities. As digitalization transforms the global marketplace, firms all over the world must strategize iteration across various institutional contexts. My dissertation starts by establishing that firms need to be cautious about introducing iteration given its demand-side costs. Further, I find that frequent iterations enable digital firms to become innovative in uncertain institutional environments compared to stable environments. Moreover, iterating with regular rhythms help firms diversify across platform markets, but not so if firms diversify across heterogeneous country markets. Hence, both institutional conditions and market diversification must be considered when strategizing iteration.
{"title":"Iterate to Innovate: How Firms Strategize Design Iteration to Navigate the Uneven Landscape in the Global Mobile Application Industry","authors":"Pengxiang Zhang","doi":"10.46697/001c.38887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.38887","url":null,"abstract":"Digital firms constantly iterate products to capture innovation opportunities. As digitalization transforms the global marketplace, firms all over the world must strategize iteration across various institutional contexts. My dissertation starts by establishing that firms need to be cautious about introducing iteration given its demand-side costs. Further, I find that frequent iterations enable digital firms to become innovative in uncertain institutional environments compared to stable environments. Moreover, iterating with regular rhythms help firms diversify across platform markets, but not so if firms diversify across heterogeneous country markets. Hence, both institutional conditions and market diversification must be considered when strategizing iteration.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83482749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This dissertation, based on interviews with over 40 managers and quantitative data on over 1,900 foreign subsidiaries, aims to provide new insights regarding subsidiary general manager (GM) changes in multinational enterprises (MNEs). I study continual GM change, individual succession event, the decision-making process through which different types of subsidiary GM successors are selected, and how they link to subsidiary performance. I found that GM succession decisions are path dependent and evolving, can be influenced by MNE environments, and need to be based on both GM successor nationality and origin. My dissertation underscores the complexity of subsidiary GM succession and bridges succession strategy with implementation.
{"title":"General Manager Succession in Multinational Enterprise Subsidiaries","authors":"Liangliang Li","doi":"10.46697/001c.38486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46697/001c.38486","url":null,"abstract":"This dissertation, based on interviews with over 40 managers and quantitative data on over 1,900 foreign subsidiaries, aims to provide new insights regarding subsidiary general manager (GM) changes in multinational enterprises (MNEs). I study continual GM change, individual succession event, the decision-making process through which different types of subsidiary GM successors are selected, and how they link to subsidiary performance. I found that GM succession decisions are path dependent and evolving, can be influenced by MNE environments, and need to be based on both GM successor nationality and origin. My dissertation underscores the complexity of subsidiary GM succession and bridges succession strategy with implementation.","PeriodicalId":93253,"journal":{"name":"AIB insights","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79631637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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