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Analysis of the relationship between students’ argumentation and chemical representational ability: a case study of hybrid learning oriented in the environmental chemistry course 学生论证能力与化学表征能力的关系分析——以环境化学课程混合式学习为例
Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0047
Dimas Gilang Ramadhani, Sri Yamtinah, Sulistyo Saputro, Sri Widoretno
Abstract Engaging students in collaborative learning fosters the expression of ideas, deepens understanding, and hones argumentation skills. Argumentation is pivotal, and instructors should facilitate opportunities for its practice. In the study on an environmental chemistry course, class conversations were recorded to analyze students’ contributions to online learning. Participants shared opinions, raised objections, and built on others’ answers. The instructor played a crucial role in harmonizing collaboration and guiding comprehensive argumentation. The study found claims and data as the most basic and common elements of argumentation. However, more complex components like rebuttal and backing warrants often need instructor intervention. While claims and data typically relied on one form of representation, such as macroscopic or symbolic, warrants demanded multiple dimensions, predominantly symbolic and submicroscopic. Toulmin’s arguments and Mahaffy’s tetrahedral ability of chemical representation were used for analysis. The findings highlighted that argumentation skills and chemical representation are intertwined, with certain argumentative components calling for specific representational dimensions. Collaborative online learning, thus, can enhance student participation and multifaceted skill development.
让学生参与合作学习可以促进思想的表达,加深理解,磨练辩论技巧。论证是关键,教师应该提供实践论证的机会。在对一门环境化学课程的研究中,我们记录了课堂对话,以分析学生对在线学习的贡献。参与者分享意见,提出反对意见,并以他人的答案为基础。导师在协调合作和指导全面论证方面发挥了至关重要的作用。研究发现,主张和数据是论证中最基本、最常见的元素。然而,更复杂的部分,如反驳和支持权证往往需要教师的干预。虽然权利要求和数据通常依赖于一种表现形式,如宏观或符号,但权证需要多个维度,主要是符号和亚微观。图尔敏论证和马哈菲化学表征的四面体能力被用于分析。研究结果强调,论证技巧和化学表征是交织在一起的,某些论证成分需要特定的表征维度。因此,协作式在线学习可以提高学生的参与度和多方面的技能发展。
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引用次数: 0
University and local recyclable material cooperative – building bridges around e-waste 大学与当地可回收材料合作,为电子垃圾搭建桥梁
Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0048
Janaina C. L. Fonseca, Jose Marcelo Wendling Junior, Gabriel R. Eugenio, Cintia D. F. Milagre
Abstract An e-waste outreach project was developed with two overriding goals: (1) to strengthen the partnership between the university and the local recyclable material cooperative, which has been carrying out actions aimed at supporting the work of the Cooperative, and (2) to collaborate in the expansion of environmental education activities in the process of social and economic insertion of collectors and the reduction of environmental impacts. During this process, the materials and corresponding activities related to the theoretical and practical course followed by the cooperative workers were developed by a transversal team of (under)graduate students, faculty, and staff from the Chemistry, Electric Engineering, and Public Administration areas. In addition, social media materials were created to sensibilize and engage the university community regarding effective e-waste awareness, to adhere to the voluntary drop-off point of e-waste collection, and to address the issues that can affect our environment and health if e-waste is sent to landfills. It was an example of how chemistry contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals through an outreach project.
电子垃圾推广项目有两个主要目标:(1)加强大学与当地可回收材料合作社之间的伙伴关系,该合作社一直在开展旨在支持合作社工作的行动;(2)在收集者的社会和经济插入和减少环境影响的过程中合作扩大环境教育活动。在这个过程中,与合作工作者所遵循的理论和实践课程相关的材料和相应的活动是由来自化学、电气工程和公共管理领域的研究生(本科生)、教师和工作人员组成的横向团队开发的。此外,还创建了社会媒体材料,以提高大学社区对有效电子废物的认识,并使其参与其中,坚持自愿收集电子废物的地点,并解决电子废物被送往垃圾填埋场可能影响我们的环境和健康的问题。这是化学如何通过外联项目为可持续发展目标做出贡献的一个例子。
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引用次数: 0
Designing a learning environment based on the spiral of skills to overcome the didactic obstacles associated with teaching the Daniell cell 设计一个基于技能螺旋的学习环境,以克服与教授丹尼尔细胞相关的教学障碍
Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0049
Mourad Mennani, Khadija Raouf, Abderrahim Khyati
Abstract In a teaching context based on the competency approach, the creation of an appropriate teaching-learning environment requires, among other things, teachers to master the meaning of the concepts taught and teaching-learning activities designed according to the constructivist approach and the investigative approach. In this article, we focused on the operating principle of the Daniell cell. The research study involved identifying the epistemological gaps of 58 future teachers in relation to the concepts describing the previous theme via an open questionnaire, as well as the degree of compliance of the activities proposed in the textbook with the curricular guidelines. The main results showed that the respondents had not mastered the meaning of the positive and negative poles of a cell or the concept of its electrical voltage. With regard to the textbook studied, we found that the design of the activities did not comply with the principles of the competency-based approach and the spiral progression of knowledge. To overcome these constraints, we propose pedagogical designs aimed at reinforcing and developing the skills of teachers and learners while progressing in the spiral of knowledge.
在以胜任力观为基础的教学情境中,营造适宜的教与学环境要求教师掌握所教授的概念的意义以及根据建构主义观和研究性观设计的教与学活动的意义。在本文中,我们重点介绍了daniel cell的工作原理。这项研究包括通过开放式问卷来确定58名未来教师在描述先前主题的概念方面的认识论差距,以及教科书中提出的活动与课程指南的遵守程度。主要结果显示,受访者不掌握电池的正负极的含义或其电压的概念。就所研究的教科书而言,我们发现活动的设计不符合能力本位法和知识螺旋递进的原则。为了克服这些限制,我们提出了旨在加强和发展教师和学习者在知识螺旋中进步的技能的教学设计。
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引用次数: 0
Does it occur or not? – A structured approach to support students in determining the spontaneity of chemical reactions 它是否会发生?-一种结构化的方法来帮助学生确定化学反应的自发性
Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2022-0046
Elisabeth Hofer, Rosina Steininger
Abstract Thermodynamics is a central topic of chemistry as it holds a crucial role in understanding chemical processes. Due to its complexity, level of abstraction and amount of “mathematics”, chemical thermodynamics is one of the most challenging subjects resulting in a huge number of inappropriate conceptions. To determine whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous in a particular direction, students need to apply a huge amount of chemical knowledge when completing a complex, multi-step thinking process. In a Design-Based Research project, we developed “unmathematical” instructional material that aims at supporting students in accomplishing this demanding task. By providing a step-by-step instruction and incorporating scaffolding measures, students are guided through four successive tasks. The material was implemented in more than ten upper secondary chemistry classes and four teacher education courses and was proved to be proper for independent work, supporting students in connecting thermodynamics to basic chemical knowledge. Working on the material enables students to overcome barriers in the field of chemical thermodynamics and to successfully complete tasks in the area of thermodynamics and physical chemistry. Teachers can easily adapt the material to specific contents, levels, and teaching requirements. Further, the supportive material can be applied to offer differentiated and individualised learning paths.
热力学是化学的中心课题,因为它在理解化学过程中起着至关重要的作用。化学热力学由于其复杂性、抽象程度和大量的“数学”,是最具挑战性的学科之一,产生了大量不恰当的概念。为了确定某一特定方向的化学反应是否自发,学生在完成一个复杂的、多步骤的思考过程时,需要应用大量的化学知识。在一个基于设计的研究项目中,我们开发了“非数学”的教学材料,旨在帮助学生完成这一艰巨的任务。通过提供一步一步的指导,并结合脚手架措施,引导学生通过四个连续的任务。该教材已在十余堂高中化学课和四门教师教育课程中实施,并被证明适合独立作业,支持学生将热力学与基础化学知识联系起来。研究材料使学生能够克服化学热力学领域的障碍,并成功地完成热力学和物理化学领域的任务。教师可以很容易地使材料适应特定的内容、水平和教学要求。此外,支持性材料可用于提供差异化和个性化的学习路径。
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引用次数: 0
Relativistic effects on the chemistry of heavier elements: why not given proper importance in chemistry education at the undergraduate and postgraduate level? 相对论对重元素化学的影响:为什么在本科和研究生阶段的化学教育中不给予适当的重视?
Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0043
Ankita Das, Udita Das, Ruhi Das, Asim K. Das
Abstract Relativistic effects are important to understand the chemistry of heavier elements across the periodic table (PT). Three important relativistic effects are: contraction of s - and p -orbitals (direct relativistic effect), expansion of d - and f -orbitals (indirect relativistic effect) and spin–orbit (SO) coupling to split the p -, d - and f -orbitals. Each of these effects is approximately proportional to Z 2 ( Z = atomic number) for the valence shell electrons in many electron atoms and consequently, these relativistic effects dominantly control the properties of the heavier elements (mainly the 6th and 7th period elements). These aspects are not given the proper importance in most of the inorganic chemistry text books and in chemistry education at the university level.
相对论效应对于理解元素周期表(PT)中重元素的化学性质非常重要。三个重要的相对论效应是:s -和p -轨道的收缩(直接相对论效应),d -和f -轨道的膨胀(间接相对论效应)和自旋轨道(SO)耦合以分裂p -, d -和f -轨道。在许多电子原子中,这些效应与价层电子的z2 (Z =原子序数)大约成正比,因此,这些相对论效应主要控制重元素(主要是第6和第7周期元素)的性质。这些方面在大多数无机化学教材和大学化学教育中都没有得到应有的重视。
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引用次数: 0
Student exploration of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation and pH readings to determine the pK a value of 4,4′-trimethylenedipiperidine (TMDP) 学生探索Henderson-Hasselbach方程和pH读数来确定4,4 ' -三亚甲基二哌替啶(TMDP)的pK值
Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0036
Lia Zaharani, Nader Ghaffari Khaligh
Abstract This educatory experiment uses an inexpensive pH meter to determine an approximate negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (p K a ) value of 4,4′-trimethylenedipiperidine (TMDP). Using a pH meter and statistical data analysis by Excel tool presents an excellent opportunity to deepen student engagement with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and acid/base dissociation constant ( K a / K b ). Furthermore, students understand the importance determination of K a / K b and its relationship with the concentration and strength of acid/base. Four different concentrations of TMDP aqueous solutions were prepared and a series of pH readings were collected using a calibrated pH meter. Some statistical parameters were calculated and analyzed using the statistical program in Excel. Finally, students identified an unknown p K a for TMDP and compared their obtained value with a predicted p K a using software like ChemAxon. The experiment is inexpensive, safe, simple, and clean, and less experienced students can perform it. In addition, all pH recordings can be readily accessible for analysis and descriptive statistics by the Excel formula.
摘要:本教学实验使用廉价的pH计来测定4,4 ' -三亚甲基二哌替啶(TMDP)的酸解离常数(pka)值的近似负对数。使用pH计和Excel工具的统计数据分析提供了一个极好的机会,加深学生对Henderson-Hasselbalch方程和酸碱解离常数(K a / K b)的参与。此外,学生了解了测定K a / K b的重要性及其与酸/碱浓度和强度的关系。制备了四种不同浓度的TMDP水溶液,并使用校准的pH计收集了一系列pH值。利用Excel统计程序对部分统计参数进行了计算和分析。最后,学生们确定了TMDP的未知kp值,并使用ChemAxon等软件将其获得的值与预测的kp值进行了比较。这个实验便宜、安全、简单、干净,没有经验的学生也可以做。此外,所有的pH值记录都可以通过Excel公式进行分析和描述性统计。
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引用次数: 0
Chemistry saving lives: using First World War Hypo helmets to avoid chlorine poisoning 化学拯救生命:使用第一次世界大战的Hypo头盔避免氯中毒
Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0046
Ryo Horikoshi, Souma Yoshida
Abstract A Hypo helmet is a fabric hood soaked with an aqueous solution of two sodium salts for the detoxication of chlorine that was developed during the First World War. Herein, we report on a lecture, developed for non-chemistry majors that used the Hypo helmet to highlight the physical and chemical properties of chlorine. The lecture consisted of the following three components: (1) a brief introduction to the First World War (the Chemists’ War), (2) video demonstrations of the generation of chlorine by mixing bleaching powder and hydrochloric acid and the detoxication of chlorine using a dummy Hypo helmet, and (3) students’ written impressions of the lecture. The students’ written impressions revealed two things: the lecture on chlorine and the Hypo helmet was well received, and most of the students (71 %, N = 82) did not know that chlorine was used as a poisonous gas during the First World War.
Hypo头盔是一种织物帽,浸泡在两种钠盐的水溶液中,用于氯的解毒,是在第一次世界大战期间开发的。在这里,我们报告了一个为非化学专业开发的讲座,该讲座使用Hypo头盔来突出氯的物理和化学性质。讲座由以下三个部分组成:(1)对第一次世界大战(化学家战争)的简要介绍,(2)用漂白粉和盐酸混合生成氯的视频演示,以及使用假Hypo头盔解毒氯的视频演示,以及(3)学生对讲座的书面印象。学生们的书面印象揭示了两件事:关于氯和Hypo头盔的讲座很受欢迎,大多数学生(71%,N = 82)不知道氯在第一次世界大战期间被用作有毒气体。
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引用次数: 0
An exploration of the proton NMR problem-solving approaches of undergraduate students 本科生质子核磁共振解题方法探讨
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0026
Sujani Gamage, Suazette Mooring
Abstract Problem-solving is an important component of chemistry teaching and learning. It often requires both conceptual knowledge and problem-solving skills. This study aims to examine how students solve tasks related to proton 1 H NMR spectroscopy. This study included 24 voluntary participants enrolled in second-semester organic chemistry labs in two different instructional settings (online or in person). The data were collected through interviews conducted via Webex video conferencing software and used a think-aloud protocol. The data were analyzed using an inductive coding approach to identify students’ problem-solving approaches and resources they used when solving a given 1 H NMR task that involved matching protons in a compound to specific peaks in the spectrum. The resources framework was used to capture students’ conceptual resources and problem-solving approaches. Results revealed that participants used more productive approaches than unproductive approaches while solving the problem; however, most students relied on one basic NMR concept to draw conclusions about the identity of a given peak. Also, when we observed the problem-solving resources that students utilized based on how they received NMR instruction (online or in-person), we did not observe major differences between the problem-solving resources that students used.
问题解决是化学教与学的重要组成部分。它通常需要概念性知识和解决问题的能力。本研究旨在考察学生如何解决与质子氢核磁共振波谱有关的任务。这项研究包括24名自愿参加第二学期有机化学实验室的志愿者,他们在两种不同的教学环境下(在线或面对面)学习。数据是通过Webex视频会议软件进行的访谈收集的,并使用了有声思考协议。使用归纳编码方法对数据进行分析,以确定学生在解决给定的1 H NMR任务时使用的解决问题的方法和资源,该任务涉及将化合物中的质子与光谱中的特定峰相匹配。资源框架用于捕获学生的概念资源和解决问题的方法。结果显示,在解决问题时,参与者使用了比非生产性方法更多的生产性方法;然而,大多数学生依靠一个基本的核磁共振概念来得出关于给定峰的身份的结论。此外,当我们观察学生根据他们接受核磁共振指导的方式(在线或面对面)使用的问题解决资源时,我们没有观察到学生使用的问题解决资源之间的主要差异。
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引用次数: 0
Chemical Quest: general knowledge and popular culture quizzes about the elements in a board game for the class 化学问题:一般知识和流行文化的问题,有关元素的棋盘游戏的班级
Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2023-0045
Marco Bortoli, Antonella Balasso, Giovanni Carta, Maristella Cestaro, Viviana Colla, Alessandra De Togni, Giulio Gallani, Cristina Giacometti, Laura Gianni, Lucia Giuffreda, Manuela Granella, Marina Iarabek, Enrico Lion, Giuseppe Mazzi, Caterina Migale, Stefano Milan, Paola Molesini, Mara Moretto, Roberta Predonzan, Ornella Priolisi, Rosella Romualdi, Cristina Rubini, Sandra Scarfì, Elena Tobaldini, Marco Dalla Tiezza, Enrico Nale, Massimo Bellanda, Gordon Kennedy, Gianpietro Sella, Alessandro Lanza, Laura Orian
Abstract Chemical Quest is an innovative trivia game based on the 102 elements of the periodic table from H to No, developed collaboratively by upper secondary school and university teachers with the aim of increasing the interest of young students (age 14–18) in chemistry. As part of the project, a software version of the game was successfully played in 24 classes. ‘Challenging, sometimes difficult, highly instructive, relaxing, captivating, ….’ are some of the positive comments by students and teachers. In addition, Chemical Quest was conceived to be adaptable since the rules can be modified and the cards can be selected to match the educational objective.
化学探索是一款基于元素周期表中从H到No的102种元素的创新问答游戏,由高中和大学教师合作开发,旨在提高14-18岁年轻学生对化学的兴趣。作为项目的一部分,该游戏的软件版本在24个班级中成功完成。具有挑战性,有时很难,非常有启发性,放松,迷人,....这是学生和老师的一些积极评价。此外,《Chemical Quest》还具有很强的适应性,因为游戏规则可以修改,纸牌也可以根据教育目标进行选择。
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引用次数: 0
Analysing and developing linguistically responsive tasks within the frame-work of the cross-disciplinary Erasmus+ project sensiMINT 在跨学科伊拉斯谟+项目senmint的框架内分析和开发语言响应任务
Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1515/cti-2022-0041
Anja Lembens, Rita Elisabeth Krebs
Abstract Scientific literacy is required to judge and act in an informed and responsible manner. Science education strives to enable learners to become scientific literate. To achieve this, there are science-specific and linguistic challenges to overcome. When teaching and learning chemistry, it is important to be aware that language varies according to the discourse topic, the relationship between the interlocutors, and the medium of communication. In the context of chemistry education, students are meant to learn how to extract information from subject-specific text-types such as lab reports, diagrams, etc., and to produce them autonomously. To do so, understanding and applying the conventions of academic language and the subject-specific scientific registers is necessary. To deal with these challenges, the Erasmus+ project sensiMINT was initiated to support both teachers and learners. In cross-disciplinary communities of practice, linguistically responsive tasks are analysed, developed, and refined. The paper presents the theoretical background and introduces genre charts of different chemistry-specific text-types as constructed by the sensiMINT experts. The application of the genre charts for understanding and producing chemistry-specific text-types is demonstrated with concrete examples.
科学素养要求以知情和负责任的方式进行判断和行动。科学教育力求使学习者具有科学素养。要实现这一目标,需要克服科学和语言方面的挑战。在化学教学中,重要的是要意识到语言是根据话语主题、对话者之间的关系和交流媒介而变化的。在化学教育的背景下,学生应该学会如何从特定学科的文本类型(如实验报告、图表等)中提取信息,并自主地生成这些信息。要做到这一点,理解和应用学术语言的惯例和特定学科的科学注册是必要的。为了应对这些挑战,启动了伊拉斯谟+项目sensiMINT,以支持教师和学习者。在跨学科的实践社区中,语言响应任务被分析、开发和改进。本文介绍了其理论背景,并介绍了sensiMINT专家构建的不同化学特定文本类型的类型图。用具体的例子说明了体裁图在理解和制作化学特定文本类型方面的应用。
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引用次数: 0
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Chemistry Teacher International : best practices in chemistry education
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