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Élections régionales en Occitanie, 20-27 juin 2021 欧西塔尼地区选举,2021年6月20-27日
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.3917/blue.002.0054
Julien Audemard
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引用次数: 0
The use of blue-Green infrastructure as a multifunctional approach to watersheds with socio-environmental vulnerability 将蓝绿基础设施作为一种多功能方法,用于社会环境脆弱的流域
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.119
Maria Vitória Ribeiro Gomes, B. P. Battemarco, L. F. Guimarães, A. Oliveira, Victória de Araújo Rutigliani, Felipe Manoel Cabral, Ronan de Oliveira Pereira Bezerra, Ianic Bigate Lourenço, O. Rezende, P. Magalhães, M. Miguez, A. P. Veról
This article investigates how to make the implementation of blue-green infrastructure (BGI) more attractive to solve urban problems in densely occupied watersheds that lack flood control and environmental quality protection infrastructure. Considering the obstacles related to implementing multifunctional solutions in developing countries, measuring its co-benefits (in addition to flood control) may influence greater public and political acceptance. Thus, the paper uses a multifunctional design approach using the urban open space system and combining the blue-green and gray infrastructure. A hydrodynamic model was used to support flood mapping. This approach also increases the land value and the environmental quality of the urban spaces. Two quantitative aspects support this evaluation. The first one represents the land value increase as a positive effect, while the second one assesses the environmental quality of the urban space using the Environmental Quality Assessment Index (EQAI). The results obtained from the urban and environmental evaluation proved that blue and green corridors could promote multiple co-benefits for consolidated urban areas. The increased environmental quality and land value were only possible due to the combined use of BGI and gray infrastructure since BGI can add benefits that the gray infrastructure is not capable of providing.
本文研究了如何使蓝绿色基础设施的实施更具吸引力,以解决人口密集、缺乏防洪和环境质量保护基础设施的流域中的城市问题。考虑到在发展中国家实施多功能解决方案的障碍,衡量其共同利益(除防洪外)可能会影响公众和政治的接受程度。因此,本文采用了一种多功能的设计方法,利用城市开放空间系统,将蓝绿色和灰色基础设施相结合。流体动力学模型用于支持洪水绘图。这种方法还提高了土地价值和城市空间的环境质量。有两个数量方面支持这一评价。第一种方法将土地价值的增加视为一种积极影响,而第二种方法则使用环境质量评估指数(EQAI)来评估城市空间的环境质量。城市和环境评价结果表明,蓝色和绿色走廊可以促进城市综合区的多重共同利益。只有BGI和灰色基础设施的结合使用才有可能提高环境质量和土地价值,因为BGI可以增加灰色基础设施无法提供的好处。
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引用次数: 2
Spatial and temporal variations in algal phosphorus in Taihu Lake 太湖藻类磷的时空变化
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-04 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.013
Yu Zhang, Wei Zhu, Ruochen Wang, G. Feng, Zongpu Xue, Shuai Zhao, Yiyan Lv
Phosphorus circulation in Taihu Lake has attracted extensive attention, but the contribution of Microcystis to phosphorus circulation in this area is unknown. In this study, the phosphorus concentrations in algal samples collected from the lake in 2015–2016 were determined in the laboratory. From the concentration data, the total quantity of algal phosphorus was calculated and the seasonal variations in algal phosphorus were examined. The results indicated that the intracellular phosphorus content of Microcystis in Taihu varied from 0.044 to 0.130 pg/cell and tended to be high in spring and low in summer. The total amount of algal phosphorus in Taihu Lake ranged between 7.78 and 97.32 t over the study period. Algal phosphorus only accounted for between 1.5 and 18.5% of the phosphorus stock in the water. Because Microcystis accumulated downwind, there was a tendency for the total phosphorus concentrations to be low in the east of the lake and high in the west of the lake. This new information about the spatial and temporal distribution of algal phosphorus contributes to our understanding of how phosphorus in Microcystis contributes to phosphorus circulation in Taihu Lake.
太湖的磷循环引起了人们的广泛关注,但微囊藻对该地区磷循环的贡献尚不清楚。在这项研究中,实验室测定了2015-2016年从该湖采集的藻类样本中的磷浓度。根据浓度数据,计算了藻磷总量,并考察了藻磷的季节变化。结果表明,太湖微囊藻细胞内磷含量在0.044~0.130pg/细胞之间变化,春季高,夏季低。研究期间,太湖藻类磷总量在7.78至97.32t之间。藻类磷仅占水中磷存量的1.5%至18.5%。由于微囊藻在顺风方向积累,总磷浓度在湖的东部有低而在湖的西部有高的趋势。这一关于藻类磷时空分布的新信息有助于我们理解微囊藻中的磷是如何促进太湖磷循环的。
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引用次数: 2
The potential of blue-Green infrastructure as a climate change adaptation strategy: a systematic literature review 蓝绿基础设施作为气候变化适应战略的潜力:系统文献综述
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-04 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.016
Tamer Almaaitah, Madison Appleby, Howard Rosenblat, J. Drake, D. Joksimovic
Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) consists of natural and semi-natural systems implemented to mitigate climate change impacts in urban areas, including elevated air temperatures and flooding. This study is a state-of-the-art review that presents recent research on BGI by identifying and critically evaluating published studies that considered urban heat island mitigation and stormwater management as potential benefits. Thirty-two records were included in the review, with the majority of studies published after 2015. Findings indicate that BGI effectively controls urban runoff and mitigates urban heat, with the literature being slightly more focused on stormwater management than urban heat island mitigation. Among BGI, the studies on blue- and blue-green roofs focused on one benefit at a time (i.e. thermal or hydrologic performance) and did not consider promoting multiple benefits simultaneously. Two-thirds of the selected studies were performed on a large urban scale, with computer modelling and sensor monitoring being the predominant assessment methods. Compared with typical Green Infrastructure (GI), and from a design perspective, many crucial questions on BGI performance, particularly on smaller urban scales, remain unanswered. Future research will have to continue to explore the performance of BGI, considering the identified gaps.
蓝绿基础设施(BGI)由自然和半自然系统组成,旨在缓解城市地区的气候变化影响,包括气温升高和洪水。这项研究是一项最新的综述,通过确定和批判性评估已发表的研究,介绍了BGI的最新研究,这些研究将城市热岛缓解和雨水管理视为潜在的好处。该综述包括32项记录,大多数研究发表在2015年之后。研究结果表明,BGI有效地控制了城市径流并缓解了城市热量,文献中对雨水管理的关注略多于对城市热岛缓解的关注。在华大基因中,对蓝色和蓝绿色屋顶的研究一次只关注一个效益(即热或水文性能),而没有考虑同时促进多种效益。三分之二的选定研究是在大城市范围内进行的,计算机建模和传感器监测是主要的评估方法。与典型的绿色基础设施(GI)相比,从设计角度来看,BGI性能的许多关键问题,特别是在较小的城市规模上,仍未得到解答。未来的研究将继续探索华大基因的性能,考虑到已发现的差距。
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引用次数: 12
Sponge-city-based urban water system planning: a case study of water quality sensitive new area development in China 基于海绵城市的城市水系规划——以中国水质敏感新区开发为例
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-04 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.022
Yijian Xu, Yanhong Kong
In recent years, sponge city has been booming in China aiming to alleviate urban flooding and improve water quality of natural water bodies. LID/green infrastructure has been gradually introduced to urban planning and urban water system planning. Efficient deployment of LID facilities is critical, which requires modeling and evaluation to develop rational planning. A case study of Guian New Area was presented to show the application of SWMM and the planning methods in sponge-city-based urban water system planning for water quality sensitive new areas development. Based on SWMM, two river network water quality models, the Dongmenqiao River and the Chetian River, were established through a systematic analysis of the case study area. Baseline scenarios were simulated and analyzed, and assimilation capacities of the two river basins were calculated by a trial-and-error method. Finally, two LID scenarios were carefully designed, simulated, and analyzed to support the planning. The simulations showed that in order to meet the strict water quality requirements in Guian New Area, large scales of LID facilities are required to cut down the rainfall-runoff pollution. Moreover, measures such as more frequent cleaning to reduce pollutants accumulation on the ground should also be taken to mitigate the maximum buildups of pollutants.
近年来,海绵城市在中国蓬勃发展,旨在缓解城市洪水,改善自然水体的水质。LID/绿色基础设施已逐步引入城市规划和城市水系规划。LID设施的有效部署至关重要,这需要建模和评估来制定合理的规划。以贵安新区为例,展示了雨水管理和规划方法在海绵城市城市水系规划中的应用,以实现水质敏感新区的开发。基于SWMM,通过对案例研究区的系统分析,建立了东门桥河和车田河两个河网水质模型。对基线情景进行了模拟和分析,并采用试错法计算了两河流域的同化能力。最后,对两个LID场景进行了仔细设计、模拟和分析,以支持规划。模拟结果表明,为了满足贵安新区严格的水质要求,需要大规模的LID设施来减少降雨径流污染。此外,还应采取更频繁的清洁等措施,减少污染物在地面上的积聚,以减少污染物的最大积聚。
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引用次数: 0
Are we planning blue-green infrastructure opportunistically or strategically? Insights from Sydney, Australia 我们是在机会主义还是战略上规划蓝绿色基础设施?来自澳大利亚悉尼的见解
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-04 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.023
M. Kuller, David J. Reid, V. Prodanovic
Strategic placement of water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) is essential in optimising its performance and maximising co-benefits. However, little is known about the current placement and interconnectedness between WSUD assets and the performance of current planning strategies. We evaluated the placement of existing WSUDs in a highly urbanised catchment in Sydney, Australia. We used a three-step process: (1) compiling a comprehensive spatial asset database, (2) performing spatial correlation analysis between asset locations and biophysical, urban form and socioeconomic variables and (3) using a novel approach to facilitate holistic understanding through analysing asset locations compared with the outcome of the spatial suitability analysis tool (SSANTO). WSUD coverage was generally low, with clustering in some municipalities. Placement was constrained by physical variables, such as slope, limited space and varying land uses. However, placement was not detectably influenced by most socioeconomic variables. SSANTO's suitability score at asset locations was only slightly higher than average, suggesting that the placement of existing WSUD was opportunistic, rather than strategically planned. Further development and implementation of tools able to account for spatial constraints will help guide future WSUD placement as a component of green urban stormwater management.
水敏感型城市设计(WSUD)的战略布局对于优化其性能和最大化协同效益至关重要。然而,人们对WSUD资产与当前规划策略之间的当前位置和相互联系知之甚少。我们评估了在澳大利亚悉尼一个高度城市化的集水区现有wsud的安置情况。我们采用了三个步骤:(1)建立一个综合的空间资产数据库;(2)对资产位置与生物物理、城市形态和社会经济变量之间的空间相关性进行分析;(3)通过将资产位置与空间适宜性分析工具(SSANTO)的结果进行比较,采用一种新的方法来促进整体理解。WSUD的覆盖率普遍较低,在一些城市聚集。布置受到物理变量的限制,如坡度、有限的空间和不同的土地用途。然而,安置不受大多数社会经济变量的明显影响。SSANTO在资产位置的适合性得分仅略高于平均水平,这表明现有WSUD的放置是机会主义的,而不是战略计划的。进一步开发和实施能够考虑空间限制的工具,将有助于指导未来WSUD作为绿色城市雨水管理组成部分的布局。
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引用次数: 7
Historical exposure to wastewater disposal reinforces the stability of sediment bacterial community in response to future disturbance 历史暴露于废水处理加强了沉积物细菌群落的稳定性,以应对未来的干扰
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.017
Jiayu Chen, Tianjiao Dai, Z. Lei, K. Shimizu, Donghui Wen, Zhenya Zhang
Given that long-term treated wastewater discharge may alter the microbial community of the recipient coast, it is important to evaluate whether and how the community's stability is impacted. We constructed microcosms using coastal sediments with (near-coast) and without (far-coast) a wastewater disposal history and compared the communities’ responses to p-chloroaniline (PCAN, a typical organic pollutant) in low (10 mg/L) and high (100 mg/L) concentrations. Compared to the far-coast community, the near-coast community drove faster PCAN attenuation and nitrate generation. More significant negative correlations were observed between the alpha-diversity indices and PCAN concentrations in the far-coast communities than the near-coast ones. The community turnover rate, represented by the slopes of the time–decay curves, was slower for the near-coast community (−0.187) than that for the far-coast community (−0.233), but only when the PCAN was added in low concentration. Our study revealed that the long-term wastewater disposal may cause the sediment bacterial community to be less sensitive and more stable in response to a future disturbance, demonstrating a significant historical effect of environmental context on the coastal microbial community's stability.
考虑到长期处理的废水排放可能会改变受纳海岸的微生物群落,评估群落的稳定性是否以及如何受到影响是很重要的。我们使用有(近海岸)和没有(远海岸)废水处理历史的海岸沉积物构建了微宇宙,并比较了社区对低(10 mg/L)和高(100 mg/L)浓度的对氯苯胺(PCAN,一种典型的有机污染物)的反应。与远海岸群落相比,近海岸群落驱动了更快的PCAN衰减和硝酸盐生成。远海岸群落的α多样性指数与PCAN浓度之间的负相关性比近海岸群落更为显著。近海岸群落的群落更替率(由时间-衰减曲线的斜率表示)(−0.187)低于远海岸群落(−0.233),但仅当PCAN以低浓度添加时。我们的研究表明,长期的废水处理可能会导致沉积物细菌群落对未来的干扰不那么敏感,更稳定,这表明环境背景对沿海微生物群落的稳定性有着重大的历史影响。
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引用次数: 0
Coupled nitrogen transformation and carbon sink in the karst aquatic system: a review 喀斯特水系氮转化与碳汇耦合研究进展
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.120
Wenwen Chen, Huan-fang Huang, Haixiang Li, Jianhua Cao, Qiang Li, Yingjie Chen, B. Bai, H. Zeng
Carbonate bedrock regions represent that 14% of Earth's continental surface and carbon (C) sink in karst water plays an important role in the global C cycle due to the CO2 consumption during carbonate mineral weathering. Intensive agriculture and urbanization have led to the excessive input of nitrogen (N) into aquatic systems, while the high concentrations of inorganic C in the karst water might affect the N cycle. This paper summarized the characteristics of water in karst regions and discussed the N transformation coupled with the C cycle in the condition of high Ca2+ content, high pH, and high C/N ratios. Carbonates can consume more atmospheric and pedologic CO2 than non-carbonates because of their high solubility and high rate of dissolution, resulting in the higher average CO2 sink in karst basins worldwide than that in non-karst basins. Therefore, carbonate mineral weathering and aquatic photosynthesis are the two dominant ways of CO2 absorption, which are termed as coupled carbonate weathering. As the alkalinity and high C/N content of karst water inhibit the denitrification and mineralization processes, the karst aquatic environment is also served as the N sink.
碳酸盐岩基岩区占地球大陆表面积的14%,由于碳酸盐岩矿物风化过程中二氧化碳的消耗,喀斯特水中的碳(C)汇在全球碳循环中起着重要作用。集约化农业和城市化导致水体系统中氮(N)的过量输入,而喀斯特水体中高浓度的无机碳可能会影响氮循环。本文总结了喀斯特地区水体的特征,讨论了高Ca2+含量、高pH、高C/N比条件下的N转化与C循环。碳酸盐具有高溶解度和高溶蚀速率,比非碳酸盐消耗更多的大气和土壤CO2,导致世界范围内岩溶盆地的平均CO2汇高于非岩溶盆地。因此,碳酸盐矿物风化和水生光合作用是CO2吸收的两种主要方式,称为耦合碳酸盐风化。由于岩溶水的碱度和高C/N含量抑制了反硝化和矿化过程,岩溶水环境也起到了N汇的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Comparative study on As(III) and As(V) adsorption by CO32--intercalated Fe/Mn-LDHs from aqueous solution CO32—插层Fe/Mn-LDHs吸附水溶液中As(III)和As(V)的比较研究
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.010
Yan Tian, Guifeng Liu, Ying-xia Gao, Yaru Wang, Jun Zhang, Yali Fang, Zongqiang Zhu, H. Deng
Arsenic pollution prevails in rivers and reservoirs in nonferrous metal mining areas, especially in lead–zinc mining areas, which affects the health of the people residing in such areas. Arsenic usually exists as As(III) and As(V) in water, and the adsorption of As(III) and As(V) changes with the type of adsorbent used. In this work, we report a novel adsorbent Fe/Mn–CO3-layered double hydroxide (Fe/Mn–CO3-LDH) composite that can efficiently remove both As(III) and As(V) from water. When the initial concentrations of As(III) and As(V) were 5, 10 and 50 mg/L, the adsorption capacities were 10.12–53.90 and 10.82–48.24 mg/g in the temperature range of 25–45 °C, respectively. The adsorption kinetics conformed well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with all of the fitted correlation coefficients being above 0.998 for all the three initial concentrations (5, 10 and 50 mg/L) tested, suggesting a chemisorption-dominated process. The adsorption isotherms of As(III) and As(V) by Fe/Mn–CO3-LDHs conformed better to the Freundlich model than to the Langmuir one, indicating a heterogeneous reversible adsorption process. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity increased with the increase in temperature. During adsorption, As(III) was partially converted to As(V), which was further interacted with intralayer anions. While the electrostatic attraction played an important role in the adsorption of As(V).
砷污染在有色金属矿区的河流和水库中普遍存在,尤其是在铅锌矿区,影响了该地区居民的健康。砷在水中通常以as(III)和as(V)的形式存在,并且as(III。在这项工作中,我们报道了一种新型吸附剂Fe/Mn–CO3层状双氢氧化物(Fe/Mn-CO3-LDH)复合物,该复合物可以有效地去除水中的As(III)和As(V)。当As(III)和As(V)的初始浓度分别为5、10和50 mg/L时,在25–45°C的温度范围内,吸附容量分别为10.12–53.90和10.82–48.24 mg/g。吸附动力学很好地符合伪二阶动力学模型,对于测试的所有三个初始浓度(5、10和50mg/L),所有拟合的相关系数都在0.998以上,表明化学吸附主导的过程。Fe/Mn–CO3 LDHs对As(III)和As(V)的吸附等温线更符合Freundlich模型,而不是Langmuir模型,表明这是一个非均相可逆吸附过程。理论最大吸附容量随着温度的升高而增加。在吸附过程中,As(III)部分转化为As(V),后者进一步与层内阴离子相互作用。而静电吸引在As(V)的吸附中起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 2
Water quality impacts of young green roofs in a tropical city: a case study from Singapore 热带城市年轻绿色屋顶对水质的影响:来自新加坡的案例研究
IF 4.6 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.2166/bgs.2021.007
H. Lim, E. Segovia, A. Ziegler
This study examined the effects of two substrates (SOIL and COMMERCIAL) and grass on the green roof runoff quality in Singapore. Ten events were sampled over a 9-month period. Rainfall and green roof runoff from grass and bare experimental configurations were tested for total organic carbon (TOC), nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients (N, NH4+-N and PO43−-P), cations/anions and trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb). All configuration units neutralised acid rainfall and removed metals except Fe despite their proximity to an industrial area. Concentrations decrease over the monitoring period for most water quality variables. The COMMERCIAL (COM) configurations elevated Cl− (3.8–10.8 ppm), SO42− (1.5–32.4 ppm), NO3−-N (7.8–75.6 ppm) and NH4+-N (22.0–53.1 ppm) concentrations in the runoff. Concentrations of NO3−-N (4.5–67.7 ppm) and NH4+-N (14.7–53.0 ppm) remained high at the end of the monitoring period for the COMgrass configuration, even with dilution from monsoon rainfall, making it suitable as an irrigation water source and a fertiliser substitute. The SOIL substrate retained N-nutrients, TOC and trace metals with concentrations comparable or below rainfall inputs. This substrate is suitable for widespread green roof applications in Singapore and other tropical cities. We recommend substrate testing before their approval for use on green roofs and encourage the long-term monitoring of these systems.
本研究考察了两种基质(土壤和商业)和草对新加坡绿色屋顶径流质量的影响。在9个月的时间里抽样调查了10个事件。研究了降雨、草地和裸地绿化屋顶径流中总有机碳(TOC)、氮磷养分(N、NH4+-N和PO43−-P)、阳离子/阴离子和微量金属(Fe、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb)的含量。所有配置单元都能中和酸雨并去除除铁以外的金属,尽管它们靠近工业区。在监测期间,大多数水质变量的浓度下降。商业(COM)配置提高了径流中Cl−(3.8 ~ 10.8 ppm)、SO42−(1.5 ~ 32.4 ppm)、NO3−-N (7.8 ~ 75.6 ppm)和NH4+-N (22.0 ~ 53.1 ppm)的浓度。在监测期结束时,COMgrass配置的NO3−-N (4.5-67.7 ppm)和NH4+-N (14.7-53.0 ppm)浓度仍然很高,即使季风降雨对其进行了稀释,使其适合作为灌溉水源和肥料替代品。土壤基质保留氮养分、TOC和微量金属,其浓度与降雨输入相当或低于降雨输入。这种基板适合在新加坡和其他热带城市广泛应用绿色屋顶。我们建议在批准在绿色屋顶上使用之前对基材进行测试,并鼓励对这些系统进行长期监测。
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引用次数: 6
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Blue-Green Systems
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