Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.226616.1150
Hanan abdellatief
Background: The chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (MTX) is administered for managing multiple kinds of cancer. Aim: To determine if bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) might protect rats against renal damage brought on by MTX. Materials and Methods : Rats were divided into five groups : (i) Control group received 2.5 ml saline. (ii) group received MTX as a single IP of 20 mg/Kg body weight. (iii) LEUK group: Benzene-induced leukemia group was injected intravenously every 2 days for 3 consecutive weeks by 0.2 ml benzene. (iv) LEUK/MTX group was injected intravenously every 2 days for 3 consecutive weeks by 0.2 ml benzene and treated by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg/kg.bw/week MTX for 4 consecutive weeks. (v) (LEUK/ MTX/MSCs) group was injected intravenously every 2 days for 3 consecutive weeks by 0.2 ml benzene and treated by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg/kg.bw/week MTX for 4 consecutive weeks. This group was also left for 8 days for kidney injury induction then injected intravenously with a single dose of 3x10 6 MSCs. After 4 weeks of MSCs transplantation. Kidney histopathology, Catalase and Superoxide dismutase activities as well as Capase-3 expression levels were examined. Results: Methotrexate induced marked pathological lesion which characterized by focal necrosis, cell infiltration and high immuno-expression ofTGF-β1 . Besides, treatment with MSCs successfully improved the severe effects of MTX on the kidney and restored histological architecture which confirmed by oxidative enzymes and apoptosis marker
{"title":"Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Methotrexate-Induced Renal Toxicity in leukemia Rats","authors":"Hanan abdellatief","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.226616.1150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.226616.1150","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (MTX) is administered for managing multiple kinds of cancer. Aim: To determine if bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) might protect rats against renal damage brought on by MTX. Materials and Methods : Rats were divided into five groups : (i) Control group received 2.5 ml saline. (ii) group received MTX as a single IP of 20 mg/Kg body weight. (iii) LEUK group: Benzene-induced leukemia group was injected intravenously every 2 days for 3 consecutive weeks by 0.2 ml benzene. (iv) LEUK/MTX group was injected intravenously every 2 days for 3 consecutive weeks by 0.2 ml benzene and treated by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg/kg.bw/week MTX for 4 consecutive weeks. (v) (LEUK/ MTX/MSCs) group was injected intravenously every 2 days for 3 consecutive weeks by 0.2 ml benzene and treated by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg/kg.bw/week MTX for 4 consecutive weeks. This group was also left for 8 days for kidney injury induction then injected intravenously with a single dose of 3x10 6 MSCs. After 4 weeks of MSCs transplantation. Kidney histopathology, Catalase and Superoxide dismutase activities as well as Capase-3 expression levels were examined. Results: Methotrexate induced marked pathological lesion which characterized by focal necrosis, cell infiltration and high immuno-expression ofTGF-β1 . Besides, treatment with MSCs successfully improved the severe effects of MTX on the kidney and restored histological architecture which confirmed by oxidative enzymes and apoptosis marker","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.243265.1156
islam elsamman, Zienab Abdallah, Hanaa Elserougy, Refka Messiha
Objective: assess possible role of melatonin and garlic in cisplatin-induced AKI in rats. Materials and methods: Forty adult male rats were divided into 5 groups. Group 1: control group. Group 2: cisplatin group (6 mg/kg) IP injection on the 8th day. Group 3: melatonin group (10 mg/kg/day) in saline orally for 12 days+ IP injection of cisplatin on the 8th day. Group 4: garlic group (500mg/kg/day) in saline orally for 12 days+ IP injection of cisplatin on the 8th day. Group 5: received same doses of melatonin and garlic in saline orally +IP injection of cisplatin on the 8th day. By the end of 12th day, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Renal tissue was examined for oxidative stress markers and caspase3. Results: Histopathology and caspase 3 expression revealed marked damage and marked expression of caspase 3 in group 2. The use of melatonin or garlic caused marked reduction of this damage and caspase 3 expression with the best outcome in combined group. Serum creatinine and urea showed a significant increase in group 2 compared to group 1. However, this elevation was significantly reduced by melatonin in group 3 and garlic in group 4 and best outcome in group 5. KIM-1 significantly increased with cisplatin and decreased with treated groups with best outcome in group 5. The oxidative stress showed a significant improvement in group 5 compared to group 2. Conclusion: Melatonin and garlic may protect against cisplatin induced AKI in rats with best outcome in combined group.
{"title":"Role of melatonin and garlic treatment in cisplatin induced acute kidney injury in in adult male rats","authors":"islam elsamman, Zienab Abdallah, Hanaa Elserougy, Refka Messiha","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.243265.1156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.243265.1156","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: assess possible role of melatonin and garlic in cisplatin-induced AKI in rats. Materials and methods: Forty adult male rats were divided into 5 groups. Group 1: control group. Group 2: cisplatin group (6 mg/kg) IP injection on the 8th day. Group 3: melatonin group (10 mg/kg/day) in saline orally for 12 days+ IP injection of cisplatin on the 8th day. Group 4: garlic group (500mg/kg/day) in saline orally for 12 days+ IP injection of cisplatin on the 8th day. Group 5: received same doses of melatonin and garlic in saline orally +IP injection of cisplatin on the 8th day. By the end of 12th day, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Renal tissue was examined for oxidative stress markers and caspase3. Results: Histopathology and caspase 3 expression revealed marked damage and marked expression of caspase 3 in group 2. The use of melatonin or garlic caused marked reduction of this damage and caspase 3 expression with the best outcome in combined group. Serum creatinine and urea showed a significant increase in group 2 compared to group 1. However, this elevation was significantly reduced by melatonin in group 3 and garlic in group 4 and best outcome in group 5. KIM-1 significantly increased with cisplatin and decreased with treated groups with best outcome in group 5. The oxidative stress showed a significant improvement in group 5 compared to group 2. Conclusion: Melatonin and garlic may protect against cisplatin induced AKI in rats with best outcome in combined group.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.238298.1152
Saeed Alqahtani
Objectives: To evaluate the quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) used in a summative assessment of a Central Nervous System (CNS) module at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University. Methods: Item analysis was conducted on a 70-item MCQ exam administered to 57 medical students after completing the CNS module. Various departments teach the module utilizing a systems-based curriculum. Item difficulty, discrimination, reliability, and standard error of measurement were analyzed. Results: Item difficulty ranged from 0.3 to 0.9 on the difficulty index for most items (moderate difficulty). Most items (62/70) appropriately discriminated between high-and low-scoring students. Reliability was very high (Kuder-Richardson 20 = 0.91). The standard error of measurement was 3.7. Analysis of validity evidence included evaluation of content validity through alignment of exam items with module learning objectives using a test blueprint, as well as analysis of internal structure validity supported by item difficulty and discrimination statistics. Discrimination indices above 0.2 indicate items distinguished well between students performing at the upper and lower score ranges. Feasibility of MCQs was evidenced by the resources required. Minimal training and no specialized equipment or longer administration/scoring times were needed compared to other assessment methods. MCQs were well-accepted by students and faculty involved in test development and implementation. Conclusion: Psychometric analysis of item and exam characteristics provides validity evidence that scores from this MCQ reasonably represent CNS module achievement. While not capturing higher-order skills, MCQs proved a feasible and effective summative assessment of this pre-clinical module when used within an integrated evaluation program. .
{"title":"Multiple choice questions as a tool for summative assessment in medical schools","authors":"Saeed Alqahtani","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.238298.1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.238298.1152","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) used in a summative assessment of a Central Nervous System (CNS) module at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University. Methods: Item analysis was conducted on a 70-item MCQ exam administered to 57 medical students after completing the CNS module. Various departments teach the module utilizing a systems-based curriculum. Item difficulty, discrimination, reliability, and standard error of measurement were analyzed. Results: Item difficulty ranged from 0.3 to 0.9 on the difficulty index for most items (moderate difficulty). Most items (62/70) appropriately discriminated between high-and low-scoring students. Reliability was very high (Kuder-Richardson 20 = 0.91). The standard error of measurement was 3.7. Analysis of validity evidence included evaluation of content validity through alignment of exam items with module learning objectives using a test blueprint, as well as analysis of internal structure validity supported by item difficulty and discrimination statistics. Discrimination indices above 0.2 indicate items distinguished well between students performing at the upper and lower score ranges. Feasibility of MCQs was evidenced by the resources required. Minimal training and no specialized equipment or longer administration/scoring times were needed compared to other assessment methods. MCQs were well-accepted by students and faculty involved in test development and implementation. Conclusion: Psychometric analysis of item and exam characteristics provides validity evidence that scores from this MCQ reasonably represent CNS module achievement. While not capturing higher-order skills, MCQs proved a feasible and effective summative assessment of this pre-clinical module when used within an integrated evaluation program. .","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.224206.1148
Amany Mohamed, Mahmoud Abdel-Fadeil, Mohammed Ali, Rania Ahmed, Heba Iraqy
Background: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a unique glycoprotein expressed in different tissues with several biological functions. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a cell adhesion molecule, expressed from vascular endothelium, and is implicated in the process of tissue angiogenesis. Both Gal-3 and VCAM-1 are expressed normally in placental tissue to achieve successful trophoblastic invasion. Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a serious pregnancy-related complication, with a progressively rising incidence worldwide. Massive trophoblastic invasion is a major contributor to its pathogenesis, and its diagnosis prenatally depends solely on Doppler ultrasonography. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the possible predictive value of serum Gal-3 in the occurrence of PAS and to highlight the potential involvement of Gal-3, macrophage recruitment, and VCAM-1 in its pathogenesis. Methods: This longitudinal study included 62 pregnant women; divided into group N, comprising31 pregnant women with normal placenta, and group P, comprising 31 pregnant women with PAS. Results: placental Gal-3 increased from 2.597 ± 0.061 to 4.392 ± 0.181 ng/mg protein, placental VCAM-1 increased from 2.901 ± 0.096 to 41.911 ± 1.885 ng/mg protein, and placental macrophage count increased from 2.323 ± 0.106 to 11.174 ± 0.643 /10 HPF. Serum Gal-3 had a significant predictive value for PA with a cutoff value ≥ 8.012 ng/ml. Conclusion: The overexpression of placental Gal-3 and VCAM-1 can be regarded as important key players in the pathogenesis of PAS. Remarkably, the detection of high serum levels of Gal-3 as early as the second trimester can predict the occurrence of PAS .
{"title":"Galectin-3, a potential predictor and contributor of placenta accreta spectrum pathogenesis by inducing local vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression: A longitudinal study","authors":"Amany Mohamed, Mahmoud Abdel-Fadeil, Mohammed Ali, Rania Ahmed, Heba Iraqy","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.224206.1148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.224206.1148","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a unique glycoprotein expressed in different tissues with several biological functions. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a cell adhesion molecule, expressed from vascular endothelium, and is implicated in the process of tissue angiogenesis. Both Gal-3 and VCAM-1 are expressed normally in placental tissue to achieve successful trophoblastic invasion. Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a serious pregnancy-related complication, with a progressively rising incidence worldwide. Massive trophoblastic invasion is a major contributor to its pathogenesis, and its diagnosis prenatally depends solely on Doppler ultrasonography. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the possible predictive value of serum Gal-3 in the occurrence of PAS and to highlight the potential involvement of Gal-3, macrophage recruitment, and VCAM-1 in its pathogenesis. Methods: This longitudinal study included 62 pregnant women; divided into group N, comprising31 pregnant women with normal placenta, and group P, comprising 31 pregnant women with PAS. Results: placental Gal-3 increased from 2.597 ± 0.061 to 4.392 ± 0.181 ng/mg protein, placental VCAM-1 increased from 2.901 ± 0.096 to 41.911 ± 1.885 ng/mg protein, and placental macrophage count increased from 2.323 ± 0.106 to 11.174 ± 0.643 /10 HPF. Serum Gal-3 had a significant predictive value for PA with a cutoff value ≥ 8.012 ng/ml. Conclusion: The overexpression of placental Gal-3 and VCAM-1 can be regarded as important key players in the pathogenesis of PAS. Remarkably, the detection of high serum levels of Gal-3 as early as the second trimester can predict the occurrence of PAS .","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.222916.1147
Maha Eldeeb, Nahid Tahoon, Ahmed Abdalfattah, reham younis
Background: Most hepatotoxic chemicals primarily harm the liver by lipid peroxidation and oxidative damages. Aim: To study the impact of Berberine on thioacetamide-induced hepatic toxicity and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: This work was performed on 40 male albino rats. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 rats each): Control group: was given 0.5 ml saline intraperitoneal injection (IP) twice /week for 8 weeks. Berberine group: was given Berberine (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage plus 0.5 ml saline by IP twice /week for 8 weeks. Thioacetamide group: received 200mg/kg thioacetamide I.P. twice /week for 8 weeks. berberine treated group: was given 200mg/kg thioacetamide I.P. twice /week plus Berberine 200 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 8 weeks. Results: Berberine group showed insignificant change in all studied parameters as compared to control group. While thioacetamide group demonstrated significant elevation in serum level of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), interleukin 6 and hepatic hydroxyproline, with significant decrease in serum level of total antioxidant capacity compared to control and berberine group. However, thioacetamide group treated with Berberine 200 mg showed significant decrease in serum level of AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, interleukin 6 and hepatic hydroxyproline, with significant elevation in serum level of total antioxidant capacity as compared to liver toxicity group. Conclusions: BBR may be considered a therapeutic agent against hepatic injury, its hepatoprotective mechanism might be mediated via suppression of inflammation, oxidative stress, endogenous antioxidant defense system activation and reduction of DNA damage.
{"title":"The Effect of Berberine on Thioacetamide Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Rats","authors":"Maha Eldeeb, Nahid Tahoon, Ahmed Abdalfattah, reham younis","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.222916.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.222916.1147","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most hepatotoxic chemicals primarily harm the liver by lipid peroxidation and oxidative damages. Aim: To study the impact of Berberine on thioacetamide-induced hepatic toxicity and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: This work was performed on 40 male albino rats. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 rats each): Control group: was given 0.5 ml saline intraperitoneal injection (IP) twice /week for 8 weeks. Berberine group: was given Berberine (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage plus 0.5 ml saline by IP twice /week for 8 weeks. Thioacetamide group: received 200mg/kg thioacetamide I.P. twice /week for 8 weeks. berberine treated group: was given 200mg/kg thioacetamide I.P. twice /week plus Berberine 200 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 8 weeks. Results: Berberine group showed insignificant change in all studied parameters as compared to control group. While thioacetamide group demonstrated significant elevation in serum level of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), interleukin 6 and hepatic hydroxyproline, with significant decrease in serum level of total antioxidant capacity compared to control and berberine group. However, thioacetamide group treated with Berberine 200 mg showed significant decrease in serum level of AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, interleukin 6 and hepatic hydroxyproline, with significant elevation in serum level of total antioxidant capacity as compared to liver toxicity group. Conclusions: BBR may be considered a therapeutic agent against hepatic injury, its hepatoprotective mechanism might be mediated via suppression of inflammation, oxidative stress, endogenous antioxidant defense system activation and reduction of DNA damage.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"284 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This study aims to investigate the role of gut microbiota in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) induction by monosodium glutamate (MSG) with the study of the protective effect of flaxseeds. Methods: 24 female rats were divided into three groups: Group 1: distilled water; Group 2: MSG; and Group 3: flaxseed + MSG. Finally, body and ovarian weights, HOMA-IR, plasma (gonadal hormones, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, and lipopolysaccharides), intestinal (alkaline phosphatase, myeloperoxidase, Trimethylamine N-oxide, and free fatty acid receptor 2 gene expression), ovarian tissue (Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1), reduced glutathione, and gene expression of mitogen activated protein kinase (AMPKα) and SIRT1) were determined. In addition, vaginal swaps, ovarian histopathology, and immunohistochemical staining of BCL2 and Bax were done. Results: MSG-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, intestinal dysbiosis, ovarian oxidative stress, and inflammation through modulation of the AMPKα/SIRT1 pathway. On the other hand, flaxseed significantly prevented these findings. Conclusion: MSG-induced gut dysbiosis that predisposes to PCOS and ingestion of flaxseed can be considered a prospective protective agent against PCOS development
{"title":"Impairment of Insulin Signalling Pathway: AMPKα/SIRT1 and Pathophysiological Involvement of Gut Microbiota in Monosodium Glutamate Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Palliative Role of Flaxseed.","authors":"Marwa Awad, Nada Ayad, Sarah Ibrahim, Asmaa Azzam, Basma Helal, Rehab El-shaer","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.108924.1149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.108924.1149","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aims to investigate the role of gut microbiota in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) induction by monosodium glutamate (MSG) with the study of the protective effect of flaxseeds. Methods: 24 female rats were divided into three groups: Group 1: distilled water; Group 2: MSG; and Group 3: flaxseed + MSG. Finally, body and ovarian weights, HOMA-IR, plasma (gonadal hormones, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, and lipopolysaccharides), intestinal (alkaline phosphatase, myeloperoxidase, Trimethylamine N-oxide, and free fatty acid receptor 2 gene expression), ovarian tissue (Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1), reduced glutathione, and gene expression of mitogen activated protein kinase (AMPKα) and SIRT1) were determined. In addition, vaginal swaps, ovarian histopathology, and immunohistochemical staining of BCL2 and Bax were done. Results: MSG-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, intestinal dysbiosis, ovarian oxidative stress, and inflammation through modulation of the AMPKα/SIRT1 pathway. On the other hand, flaxseed significantly prevented these findings. Conclusion: MSG-induced gut dysbiosis that predisposes to PCOS and ingestion of flaxseed can be considered a prospective protective agent against PCOS development","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.204099.1139
N. Bisheer
Background: Anemia, a common complication of end-stage renal disease, is associated with elevated morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. A primary cause of anemia in end-stage renal disease is iron deficiency, particularly among patients requiring Hemodialysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if IV iron maintenance treatment is helpful for avoiding anaemia in children withEnd-Stage Renal Disease( ESRD). Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial and was carried out at Pediatric Dialysis Unit from March 2021 till September 2022. Results: there was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Hb , red cell indicies (MCH, MCHC), serum iron andtransferrin saturation( TSAT) at the end of the study. Conclusion: IV iron maintenance therapy along witherythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in children with ESRD who were undergoing regularHemodialysis (HD) was beneficial for maintaining hemoglobin levels and reducing the risk of anemia. This therapy should therefore be considered for this patient group. However, iron supplementation for patients with hyperferritinemia is a challenging issue because the high serum ferritin level may not confirm iron marker overload. Hence, the decision to start IV iron maintenance therapy in patients with hyperferritinemia should follow a holistic approach, taking into consideration the patient’s clinical condition and morbidity .
{"title":"Low-Dose Maintenance Intravenous Iron Therapy Can Prevent Anemia in Children with End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis","authors":"N. Bisheer","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.204099.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.204099.1139","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia, a common complication of end-stage renal disease, is associated with elevated morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. A primary cause of anemia in end-stage renal disease is iron deficiency, particularly among patients requiring Hemodialysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if IV iron maintenance treatment is helpful for avoiding anaemia in children withEnd-Stage Renal Disease( ESRD). Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial and was carried out at Pediatric Dialysis Unit from March 2021 till September 2022. Results: there was statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard Hb , red cell indicies (MCH, MCHC), serum iron andtransferrin saturation( TSAT) at the end of the study. Conclusion: IV iron maintenance therapy along witherythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in children with ESRD who were undergoing regularHemodialysis (HD) was beneficial for maintaining hemoglobin levels and reducing the risk of anemia. This therapy should therefore be considered for this patient group. However, iron supplementation for patients with hyperferritinemia is a challenging issue because the high serum ferritin level may not confirm iron marker overload. Hence, the decision to start IV iron maintenance therapy in patients with hyperferritinemia should follow a holistic approach, taking into consideration the patient’s clinical condition and morbidity .","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78997803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.204057.1138
D. E. El Agamy, Rasha Elseadawy, Mahmoud El Tohamy, S. AbdElaziz, R. Abo-Elsoud
Background: Screening for laboratory indicators and modifiable risk factors for diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is crucial for early detection and development of novel treatments. This study investigated the possible correlation of serum uric acid to the progression of glycemic status and polyneuropathy in experimentally induced type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Sixty rats were divided into non-diabetic, diabetic 4-week non-treated, diabetic 8-week non-treated, diabetic 4-week metformin-treated, diabetic 8-week metformin-treated. Rats were evaluated for glycemic state, serum uric acid, lipid profile, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. Hot plate test, sciatic nerve conduction speed, and sciatic nerve histopathological changes were assessed. Results: Four weeks after high-fat diet (HFD) and low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection, rats showed significant elevation in blood glucose, HbA1c and HOMA-IR, uric acid, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-6, thermal hyperalgesia and significant reduction of nerve conduction speed and total antioxidant capacity associated with significant changes in lipid profile and histopathological structure of sciatic nerve. These changes were more prominent after 8 weeks of STZ injection than in 4-week diabetic-non-treated group. Metformin treatment significantly improved all parameters, meanwhile the improvement was more prominent in 8-week than 4-week group. Conclusion: Serum uric acid can be taken as a useful biological marker for assessment of progression of diabetic status and polyneuropathy in type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Serum uric acid as a biological marker for assessment of progression of glycemic status and polyneuropathy in experimentally induced type 2 diabetic rats","authors":"D. E. El Agamy, Rasha Elseadawy, Mahmoud El Tohamy, S. AbdElaziz, R. Abo-Elsoud","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.204057.1138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.204057.1138","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Screening for laboratory indicators and modifiable risk factors for diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is crucial for early detection and development of novel treatments. This study investigated the possible correlation of serum uric acid to the progression of glycemic status and polyneuropathy in experimentally induced type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Sixty rats were divided into non-diabetic, diabetic 4-week non-treated, diabetic 8-week non-treated, diabetic 4-week metformin-treated, diabetic 8-week metformin-treated. Rats were evaluated for glycemic state, serum uric acid, lipid profile, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. Hot plate test, sciatic nerve conduction speed, and sciatic nerve histopathological changes were assessed. Results: Four weeks after high-fat diet (HFD) and low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection, rats showed significant elevation in blood glucose, HbA1c and HOMA-IR, uric acid, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-6, thermal hyperalgesia and significant reduction of nerve conduction speed and total antioxidant capacity associated with significant changes in lipid profile and histopathological structure of sciatic nerve. These changes were more prominent after 8 weeks of STZ injection than in 4-week diabetic-non-treated group. Metformin treatment significantly improved all parameters, meanwhile the improvement was more prominent in 8-week than 4-week group. Conclusion: Serum uric acid can be taken as a useful biological marker for assessment of progression of diabetic status and polyneuropathy in type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88538456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.211010.1143
A. Dief, Yara Ezz, A. Elshorbagy, R. Deacon, Ahmed Alrifaee, A. Eltahan, chahd Wael Mansour, Ahmed Shaheen
Background: Maternal separation (MS) is a major cause of chronic life stress and increased risk of psychiatric illness. Environmental enrichment (EE) enhances brain plasticity and neurogenesis. We investigated the consequences of maternal separation and early weaning and whether these could be prevented by environment enrichment. Methods: Wistar rat pups were divided into 3 groups; an MS group subjected to 3 h/day of maternal separation from postnatal day (PND) 4 till early weaning at PND 18; a maternal separation + environment enrichment (MSEE) group subjected to 3 h/day of maternal separation from PND 4 during which rats were transferred to an enriched cage, till early weaning at PND 18; and a control group. Rats were then subjected to a series of behavioural tests to assess exploratory behaviour, anxiety, memory, species-typical behaviour and depression. At PND 48, rats were sacrificed, and their brains excised for biochemical assessment. Results: Anxiety was increased in MS rats, evidenced by a marked reduction of time spent in the light side of the black-white alley. Anxiety was significantly decreased by EE. MS rats had suppression of their natural exploratory behaviour, with decreased number of squares crossed in the open field test (P = 0.031), and a complete absence of rearing behaviour. Early life EE of MS rats restored exploratory behaviour to or towards control values in the open field test. Spatial memory showed a marked improvement by EE. Conclusion: Early life EE during and after maternal separation in rats ameliorates multiple adverse psychological consequences. Keywords
{"title":"Effects of environmental enrichment on the behavioural consequences of early-life stress in rats","authors":"A. Dief, Yara Ezz, A. Elshorbagy, R. Deacon, Ahmed Alrifaee, A. Eltahan, chahd Wael Mansour, Ahmed Shaheen","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.211010.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.211010.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal separation (MS) is a major cause of chronic life stress and increased risk of psychiatric illness. Environmental enrichment (EE) enhances brain plasticity and neurogenesis. We investigated the consequences of maternal separation and early weaning and whether these could be prevented by environment enrichment. Methods: Wistar rat pups were divided into 3 groups; an MS group subjected to 3 h/day of maternal separation from postnatal day (PND) 4 till early weaning at PND 18; a maternal separation + environment enrichment (MSEE) group subjected to 3 h/day of maternal separation from PND 4 during which rats were transferred to an enriched cage, till early weaning at PND 18; and a control group. Rats were then subjected to a series of behavioural tests to assess exploratory behaviour, anxiety, memory, species-typical behaviour and depression. At PND 48, rats were sacrificed, and their brains excised for biochemical assessment. Results: Anxiety was increased in MS rats, evidenced by a marked reduction of time spent in the light side of the black-white alley. Anxiety was significantly decreased by EE. MS rats had suppression of their natural exploratory behaviour, with decreased number of squares crossed in the open field test (P = 0.031), and a complete absence of rearing behaviour. Early life EE of MS rats restored exploratory behaviour to or towards control values in the open field test. Spatial memory showed a marked improvement by EE. Conclusion: Early life EE during and after maternal separation in rats ameliorates multiple adverse psychological consequences. Keywords","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"46 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91455642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2023.206894.1141
M. Allam, Hala Anwer, W. E. El Gazzar, N. Ahmed, N. El-shaer
Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a degenerative bone disease associated with increasing susceptibility to fractures and mortality in the elderly. Innate immunity and specifically the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, with its subsequent mediators caspase1-and interlukin-1b (IL-1b),have recently been linked to osteoporosis. Probiotic lactobacillus acidophilus (L.A) was reported to exert favorable effects on osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to identify the protective effects of probiotic L.A in aged osteoporotic rat model and to evaluate the possible underlying mechanisms focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome and its effectors caspase-1 and interleukin -1b. Thirty-two adult male albino rats were designated to four equivalent groups. Group I; control, group II; probiotic L.A, group III; osteoporotic group, and group IV; probiotic LA+ osteoporosis group. Osteoporotic rats pretreated with L.A in a dose of 10 9 CFU/ml / day for 8 weeks revealed a significantly lower oxidative stress state, increased bone mineral density (BMD), enhanced bone histological architecture, lower serum calcium, higher bone formation markers associated with lower bone resorption marker, lower serum receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa- Β ligand (RANKL), decreased bone NLRP3 inflammasome as well as caspase-1 expression levels and lower serum IL-1b.Osteoprotective effects of probiotic L.A in SOP rat model mediated even in part via its anti-inflammatory effects that was represented by decreased NLRP3 inflammasome and its subsequent mediators caspase-1 and IL-1b, that resulted in enhancement of bone formation and reduction of bone resorption.
{"title":"Probiotic Lactobacillus Acidophilus prevents bone loss in aged osteoporosis in rats; the possible implication of NLRP3 Inflammasome","authors":"M. Allam, Hala Anwer, W. E. El Gazzar, N. Ahmed, N. El-shaer","doi":"10.21608/besps.2023.206894.1141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2023.206894.1141","url":null,"abstract":"Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a degenerative bone disease associated with increasing susceptibility to fractures and mortality in the elderly. Innate immunity and specifically the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, with its subsequent mediators caspase1-and interlukin-1b (IL-1b),have recently been linked to osteoporosis. Probiotic lactobacillus acidophilus (L.A) was reported to exert favorable effects on osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to identify the protective effects of probiotic L.A in aged osteoporotic rat model and to evaluate the possible underlying mechanisms focusing on NLRP3 inflammasome and its effectors caspase-1 and interleukin -1b. Thirty-two adult male albino rats were designated to four equivalent groups. Group I; control, group II; probiotic L.A, group III; osteoporotic group, and group IV; probiotic LA+ osteoporosis group. Osteoporotic rats pretreated with L.A in a dose of 10 9 CFU/ml / day for 8 weeks revealed a significantly lower oxidative stress state, increased bone mineral density (BMD), enhanced bone histological architecture, lower serum calcium, higher bone formation markers associated with lower bone resorption marker, lower serum receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa- Β ligand (RANKL), decreased bone NLRP3 inflammasome as well as caspase-1 expression levels and lower serum IL-1b.Osteoprotective effects of probiotic L.A in SOP rat model mediated even in part via its anti-inflammatory effects that was represented by decreased NLRP3 inflammasome and its subsequent mediators caspase-1 and IL-1b, that resulted in enhancement of bone formation and reduction of bone resorption.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91521473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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