Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.54310.1089
H. Galal, M. Gomea, A. Sayed
Background: Gibberellic acid (GA3) is frequently applied in agriculture to stimulate flowering & fruit growth. Owing to its persistence in the soil for months, it may cause harm to human health. Silymarin is a herbal drug commonly known as hepatoprotective agent. Aim: To reveal the outcomes of exposure to GA3 on the pancreatic functions in late days of gestation and early lactation and to elucidate the possible protective role of silymarin on these alterations if present and the pathophysiological pathways. Materials and Methods: 18 lactating Albino rats & 18 pups were classified into control group, GA3-treated group: received GA3 dissolved in drinking water (55 mg/kg/day), and silymarin & GA3-treated group: administered both GA3 & 100 mg/kg silymarin during the last week of pregnancy & the first 2 weeks of lactation. Serum levels of glucose, insulin & amylase were measured. Pancreatic tissue homogenate was used for the assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) & tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Additionally, pancreatic specimens were processed for histological examination. Results: Administration of GA3 impaired pancreatic functions in dams and pups namely, elevated serum levels of glucose and amylase & reduced insulin levels accompanied with significant increased oxidative stress & inflammatory markers in pancreatic homogenate and altered the general histological pancreatic appearance. Co-treatment with silymarin potently improved these biochemical & histological alterations. Conclusion: Silymarin attenuates GA3-induced alterations in pancreatic functions through cytoprotecting actions on pancreatic exo- and endo-crine cells.
{"title":"Possible ameliorative effects of silymarin on gibberellic acid-induced pancreatic dysfunction in adult female rats and their pups","authors":"H. Galal, M. Gomea, A. Sayed","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.54310.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.54310.1089","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gibberellic acid (GA3) is frequently applied in agriculture to stimulate flowering & fruit growth. Owing to its persistence in the soil for months, it may cause harm to human health. Silymarin is a herbal drug commonly known as hepatoprotective agent. Aim: To reveal the outcomes of exposure to GA3 on the pancreatic functions in late days of gestation and early lactation and to elucidate the possible protective role of silymarin on these alterations if present and the pathophysiological pathways. Materials and Methods: 18 lactating Albino rats & 18 pups were classified into control group, GA3-treated group: received GA3 dissolved in drinking water (55 mg/kg/day), and silymarin & GA3-treated group: administered both GA3 & 100 mg/kg silymarin during the last week of pregnancy & the first 2 weeks of lactation. Serum levels of glucose, insulin & amylase were measured. Pancreatic tissue homogenate was used for the assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) & tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Additionally, pancreatic specimens were processed for histological examination. Results: Administration of GA3 impaired pancreatic functions in dams and pups namely, elevated serum levels of glucose and amylase & reduced insulin levels accompanied with significant increased oxidative stress & inflammatory markers in pancreatic homogenate and altered the general histological pancreatic appearance. Co-treatment with silymarin potently improved these biochemical & histological alterations. Conclusion: Silymarin attenuates GA3-induced alterations in pancreatic functions through cytoprotecting actions on pancreatic exo- and endo-crine cells.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81198249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.52232.1090
S. Arafa, Amal K. Seleem, L. M. Elabbasy, kholoud awad, sherehan shabana, H. Abdalla
Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are many risk factors for CHD but recently the role of oxidative stress in progression of atherosclerosis has been more recognized. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) protects against oxidation of LDL and many polymorphisms in both of exons and promoter regions of (PON1) gene have been investigated for their association with CHD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between CHD suceptibility and PON1 Q192R (A/G) gene polymorphism in a cohort of Egyptian individuals. Methods: The study included 100 subjects, 50 patients who admitted to cardiovascular department with established diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease by coronary angiography and 50 healthy participants. Genotyping of PON1 Q192R (A/G) was done, and then serum concentration of PON1 was assessed by ELISA after that by spectrophotometer. Results: Serum PON1 enzyme was lower in patients with CHD than in control group with a statistically significant difference p < 0.001. A statistically significant association was observed with AG and GG genotypes of PON1 gene with CHD with P= 0.003, OR=5.02(95% CI =1.66-15.26) and P= 0.038, OR= 9.4 (95% CI =1.07-82.5); respectively. The G allele of PON1 was higher in CHD patients than controls suggesting that this allele may demonstrate a susceptibility effect to CHD in our cohort with P<0.001, OR= 5.16 (95% CI = 2.1-12.5) Conclusion: The Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene may be a susceptibility gene associated with increased risk of CHD among Egyptians.
背景:冠心病(CHD)是世界范围内发病率和死亡率的主要原因。冠心病有许多危险因素，但最近氧化应激在动脉粥样硬化进展中的作用已得到更多的认识。对氧磷酶1 (PON1)可以防止LDL氧化，PON1基因的外显子和启动子区域的许多多态性已被研究与冠心病的关系。本研究旨在探讨埃及人群中PON1 Q192R (A/G)基因多态性与冠心病易感性的关系。方法:研究纳入100名受试者，50名经冠状动脉造影确诊为阻塞性冠状动脉疾病的心血管科住院患者和50名健康受试者。对PON1 Q192R进行基因分型(A/G)，分光光度计测定后，采用ELISA法测定血清PON1浓度。结果:冠心病患者血清PON1酶低于对照组，差异有统计学意义p < 0.001。PON1基因AG、GG型与冠心病的相关性有统计学意义，P= 0.003, OR=5.02(95% CI =1.66 ~ 15.26)， P= 0.038, OR= 9.4 (95% CI =1.07 ~ 82.5);分别。PON1基因的G等位基因在冠心病患者中高于对照组，提示该等位基因在我们的队列中可能表现出冠心病的易感作用(P<0.001, OR= 5.16 (95% CI = 2.1-12.5))。结论:PON1基因Q192R多态性可能是埃及人冠心病风险增加的易感基因。
{"title":"Paraoxonase 1 Q192R (A/G) Gene Polymorphism as possible risk factor for coronary heart diseases among Egyptians. Case-control study","authors":"S. Arafa, Amal K. Seleem, L. M. Elabbasy, kholoud awad, sherehan shabana, H. Abdalla","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.52232.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.52232.1090","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are many risk factors for CHD but recently the role of oxidative stress in progression of atherosclerosis has been more recognized. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) protects against oxidation of LDL and many polymorphisms in both of exons and promoter regions of (PON1) gene have been investigated for their association with CHD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between CHD suceptibility and PON1 Q192R (A/G) gene polymorphism in a cohort of Egyptian individuals. Methods: The study included 100 subjects, 50 patients who admitted to cardiovascular department with established diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease by coronary angiography and 50 healthy participants. Genotyping of PON1 Q192R (A/G) was done, and then serum concentration of PON1 was assessed by ELISA after that by spectrophotometer. Results: Serum PON1 enzyme was lower in patients with CHD than in control group with a statistically significant difference p < 0.001. A statistically significant association was observed with AG and GG genotypes of PON1 gene with CHD with P= 0.003, OR=5.02(95% CI =1.66-15.26) and P= 0.038, OR= 9.4 (95% CI =1.07-82.5); respectively. The G allele of PON1 was higher in CHD patients than controls suggesting that this allele may demonstrate a susceptibility effect to CHD in our cohort with P<0.001, OR= 5.16 (95% CI = 2.1-12.5) Conclusion: The Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene may be a susceptibility gene associated with increased risk of CHD among Egyptians.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91084915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.66777.1097
S. Shabaan, N. Madi, Mahmoud Elgharib, Elham Nasif
Abstract Background: cyclophosphamide one of toxicants that induce testicular damage. Silymarin has antoxidant and antiapoptotic properties . Aim: assess the effect of silymarin on cyclophosphamide induced testicular damage in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 adult albino male rats that were divided into 4 groups. control group: were injected intraperitoneally with carboxy-methylcellulose daily for six weeks. Cyclophosphamide group: were injected intra-peritoneally with cyclophosphamide only once, then continuous injection of carboxy methylcellulose for the rest of six weeks. Silymarin group :were injected intra-peritoneally with silymarin once per day for six weeks. Cyclophosphamide and Silymarin :were injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide only once and then injected with Silymarin for six weeks. Serum testosterone, FSH, LH level, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, apoptotic marker, testicular histopathology, sperm count and testicular weights were assessed. Results: Cyclophosphamide significantly decreased levels of measured hormones, antioxidant enzyme, testicular weight and sperm count but significantly increased the oxidative stress biomarkers. Also it induced degeneration and necrosis of seminiferous tubules. silymarin illustrated a significant increase in levels of measured hormones, antioxidant enzyme, testicular weight and sperm count but a significant decrease in the oxidative stress biomarkers. Normal testicular architecture was noticed with silymarin treatment. Conclusion: Silymarin has antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities that enable it to improve testicular function after its damage by cyclophosphamide.
{"title":"Study the Effect of Silymarin on Cyclophosphamide Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Albino Rats","authors":"S. Shabaan, N. Madi, Mahmoud Elgharib, Elham Nasif","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.66777.1097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.66777.1097","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: cyclophosphamide one of toxicants that induce testicular damage. Silymarin has antoxidant and antiapoptotic properties . Aim: assess the effect of silymarin on cyclophosphamide induced testicular damage in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 adult albino male rats that were divided into 4 groups. control group: were injected intraperitoneally with carboxy-methylcellulose daily for six weeks. Cyclophosphamide group: were injected intra-peritoneally with cyclophosphamide only once, then continuous injection of carboxy methylcellulose for the rest of six weeks. Silymarin group :were injected intra-peritoneally with silymarin once per day for six weeks. Cyclophosphamide and Silymarin :were injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide only once and then injected with Silymarin for six weeks. Serum testosterone, FSH, LH level, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, apoptotic marker, testicular histopathology, sperm count and testicular weights were assessed. Results: Cyclophosphamide significantly decreased levels of measured hormones, antioxidant enzyme, testicular weight and sperm count but significantly increased the oxidative stress biomarkers. Also it induced degeneration and necrosis of seminiferous tubules. silymarin illustrated a significant increase in levels of measured hormones, antioxidant enzyme, testicular weight and sperm count but a significant decrease in the oxidative stress biomarkers. Normal testicular architecture was noticed with silymarin treatment. Conclusion: Silymarin has antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities that enable it to improve testicular function after its damage by cyclophosphamide.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90719799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.53026.1088
eman El-gizawy, Amira Fouda, H. Eldomiaty
Background/ aim: High methionine (Met) (a precursor for homocysteine) diet is a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This work demonstrated the hepatic effects of feeding western diet enriched with Methionine. Additionally, we evaluated the anti-oxidative properties of sitagliptin (STG) (an antidiabetic drug) which, counteract the negative effects of high Met diet. Methodology: Forty adult male Wister albino rats, divided into 4 group (10 rats/group) normal diet (control and STG groups), or high Methionine enriched diet, 1.5 % Methionine (Met and Met + STG treated groups) for 35 days. Rats were either treated with vehicle (control, Met groups) or Sitagliptin, 100 mg/kg/day (STG, Met + STG groups). Investigations were Lipid profile, liver functions test, serum homocysteine, iron, ferritin, liver reduced glutathione (GSH), serum MDA level and histopathological investigations. Results: Met resulted in significant increase in LDL and cholesterol with significant decrease in HDL. Moreover, it had resulted in significant increase ALT and AST, with significant increase serum iron and homocysteine with no effect on serum ferritin, and significant decrease in tissue reduced glutathione as an antioxidant enzyme. STG with normal control diet had positive effects on different parameters. Treatment with STG has resulted in an improvement in most of altered parameters. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Met induced NAFLD could be related to increase serum iron, homocysteine levels as an inflammatory activator factors and antioxidant machinery defects and the ameliorating role of STG in this type of induced hepatotoxicity. Keywords
{"title":"Ameliorative effect of sitagliptin and its cardinal mechanisms in methionine induced- hepatotoxicity in rats","authors":"eman El-gizawy, Amira Fouda, H. Eldomiaty","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.53026.1088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.53026.1088","url":null,"abstract":"Background/ aim: High methionine (Met) (a precursor for homocysteine) diet is a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This work demonstrated the hepatic effects of feeding western diet enriched with Methionine. Additionally, we evaluated the anti-oxidative properties of sitagliptin (STG) (an antidiabetic drug) which, counteract the negative effects of high Met diet. Methodology: Forty adult male Wister albino rats, divided into 4 group (10 rats/group) normal diet (control and STG groups), or high Methionine enriched diet, 1.5 % Methionine (Met and Met + STG treated groups) for 35 days. Rats were either treated with vehicle (control, Met groups) or Sitagliptin, 100 mg/kg/day (STG, Met + STG groups). Investigations were Lipid profile, liver functions test, serum homocysteine, iron, ferritin, liver reduced glutathione (GSH), serum MDA level and histopathological investigations. Results: Met resulted in significant increase in LDL and cholesterol with significant decrease in HDL. Moreover, it had resulted in significant increase ALT and AST, with significant increase serum iron and homocysteine with no effect on serum ferritin, and significant decrease in tissue reduced glutathione as an antioxidant enzyme. STG with normal control diet had positive effects on different parameters. Treatment with STG has resulted in an improvement in most of altered parameters. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Met induced NAFLD could be related to increase serum iron, homocysteine levels as an inflammatory activator factors and antioxidant machinery defects and the ameliorating role of STG in this type of induced hepatotoxicity. Keywords","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81683704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.52020.1087
Eman A Allam, E. Omar
Could omega-3 fatty acids preserve endothelial function in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis? Background: Endothelial dysfunction is claimed to be the cause of increased risk for cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Omega-3 fatty acids is a promising drug in this field; however, its exact effects on endothelial functions are not fully understood. Aim of the work: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on endothelial reactivity and some markers of endothelial dysfunction [Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and NOS activity] in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Material & methods: Thirty male rats were divided into 3 groups (control, untreated RA, and RA group with omega-3 supplementation). RA induction was done by intradermal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum and was confirmed by clinical signs of arthritis on day 11. In the treated group, omega-3 was given daily via gastric gavage starting from day 11 until the end of the study. The study duration was 30 days for all groups starting from the day of induction. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed, blood samples were collected for VACM-1, TNF-α, MDA and nitrite measurement and thoracic aortae were taken to test vascular reactivity. Results: All markers increased while vascular reactivity decreased significantly after RA induction. Omega-3 treatment significantly decreased all biochemical markers and restored normal vascular reactivity in the treated group.
{"title":"Could omega-3 fatty acids preserve endothelial function in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis?","authors":"Eman A Allam, E. Omar","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.52020.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.52020.1087","url":null,"abstract":"Could omega-3 fatty acids preserve endothelial function in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis? Background: Endothelial dysfunction is claimed to be the cause of increased risk for cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Omega-3 fatty acids is a promising drug in this field; however, its exact effects on endothelial functions are not fully understood. Aim of the work: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on endothelial reactivity and some markers of endothelial dysfunction [Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and NOS activity] in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Material & methods: Thirty male rats were divided into 3 groups (control, untreated RA, and RA group with omega-3 supplementation). RA induction was done by intradermal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum and was confirmed by clinical signs of arthritis on day 11. In the treated group, omega-3 was given daily via gastric gavage starting from day 11 until the end of the study. The study duration was 30 days for all groups starting from the day of induction. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed, blood samples were collected for VACM-1, TNF-α, MDA and nitrite measurement and thoracic aortae were taken to test vascular reactivity. Results: All markers increased while vascular reactivity decreased significantly after RA induction. Omega-3 treatment significantly decreased all biochemical markers and restored normal vascular reactivity in the treated group.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74287214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.48134.1083
Reem Emam, Abdela Hussein, Asaad A. Elmileegy, Fayza El-Menabawy, G. Gad
Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease, which threatens the health of both adults and children. It is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and insulin resistance. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of Stevia rebaudiana and exercise on fatty liver in T2DM. Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague Dawely rats were divided into normal control, diabetic, Stevia treated diabetic, and exercise treated diabetic rats. Biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological examination for liver tissue were done. Results: in diabetic group, blood glucose level, HOMA index, cholesterol level, triglycerides level, bilirubin level, liver enzymes (ALT& AST), and MDA were significantly increased. While insulin level, GSH, and CAT activity were significantly decreased when compared to normal control group. Biochemical parameters and Oxidative stress markers were improved in the treated groups, the improvement was more significant in exercise treated group than Stevia treated group. Histopathological examination confirmed our results. Conclusion: Stevia rebaudiana and exercise could protect against liver injury induced by T2DM, as they improve glycemic state, liver enzymes, and oxidative stress markers
{"title":"Effect of Stevia rebaudiana and exercise on fatty liver in type 2 diabetic rats","authors":"Reem Emam, Abdela Hussein, Asaad A. Elmileegy, Fayza El-Menabawy, G. Gad","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.48134.1083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.48134.1083","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease, which threatens the health of both adults and children. It is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and insulin resistance. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of Stevia rebaudiana and exercise on fatty liver in T2DM. Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague Dawely rats were divided into normal control, diabetic, Stevia treated diabetic, and exercise treated diabetic rats. Biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological examination for liver tissue were done. Results: in diabetic group, blood glucose level, HOMA index, cholesterol level, triglycerides level, bilirubin level, liver enzymes (ALT& AST), and MDA were significantly increased. While insulin level, GSH, and CAT activity were significantly decreased when compared to normal control group. Biochemical parameters and Oxidative stress markers were improved in the treated groups, the improvement was more significant in exercise treated group than Stevia treated group. Histopathological examination confirmed our results. Conclusion: Stevia rebaudiana and exercise could protect against liver injury induced by T2DM, as they improve glycemic state, liver enzymes, and oxidative stress markers","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75140685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.57781.1092
Marwa Mohammed, Akef A. Khowailed, A. Abdelhakam
In recent decades, rates of insulin resistance and hypertension increase dramatically due to many factors. One of them is excessive fructose consumption. p-coumaric acid has potent antioxidant and anti hyperglycemic properties. Aim of the work: In this study, we examined the ability of p-coumaric acid to prevent high fructose induced hypertension and the possible underlying mechanisms. Material and methods: 24 adult male albino rats were divided randomly into 3 groups; control group, fructose group received fructose 60% dissolved in water for 5 weeks and p-coumaric acid + fructose group received p-coumaric acid dissolved in carboxy methyl cellulose 100ml/kg/day orally for 2 weeks then fructose 60% dissolved in water for 5 weeks. For each rat, blood pressure was measured and a blood sample was taken by retro orbital method under ether anesthesia for measurement of plasma level of glucose,triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), then triglycerides glucose (TYG) index and atherogenic index were calculated. Results: Fructose group showed significant increases of blood pressure, plasma glucose, TG, TYG index and atherogenic index while showed a significant decrease of plasma HDL when compared to control group (p<0.01). p-Coumaric acid reversed these results. Conclusion: p-Coumaric acid protects against hypertension induced by high fructose diet.
{"title":"P- coumaric acid prevents fructose induced dyslipedemia and hypertension","authors":"Marwa Mohammed, Akef A. Khowailed, A. Abdelhakam","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.57781.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.57781.1092","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, rates of insulin resistance and hypertension increase dramatically due to many factors. One of them is excessive fructose consumption. p-coumaric acid has potent antioxidant and anti hyperglycemic properties. Aim of the work: In this study, we examined the ability of p-coumaric acid to prevent high fructose induced hypertension and the possible underlying mechanisms. Material and methods: 24 adult male albino rats were divided randomly into 3 groups; control group, fructose group received fructose 60% dissolved in water for 5 weeks and p-coumaric acid + fructose group received p-coumaric acid dissolved in carboxy methyl cellulose 100ml/kg/day orally for 2 weeks then fructose 60% dissolved in water for 5 weeks. For each rat, blood pressure was measured and a blood sample was taken by retro orbital method under ether anesthesia for measurement of plasma level of glucose,triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), then triglycerides glucose (TYG) index and atherogenic index were calculated. Results: Fructose group showed significant increases of blood pressure, plasma glucose, TG, TYG index and atherogenic index while showed a significant decrease of plasma HDL when compared to control group (p<0.01). p-Coumaric acid reversed these results. Conclusion: p-Coumaric acid protects against hypertension induced by high fructose diet.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85799291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2021.64388.1095
M. Adel, M. Rabei, N. Hazem, H. Elsayed, Mohammad H El-Nablawy
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical problem involving oxidative stress and gap junction protein defects. Abscisic acid (ABS), a phytohormone regulating physiological functions in plants against various stresses, has been identified in mammalian tissues, too. We aimed to assess the role of synthetic ABS in management of renal IRI in comparison or combined with Metformin and whether it can modulate the gap-junction protein; CX43, and the oxidative stress related factors; NOX4, MDA and GSH; and apoptosis markers; BAX, BCL2 and P53. Rats were assigned to five groups ;1, Saline: 2, I/R+Sal., 3 I/R+Metformin, 4, I/R +ABS and 5, I/R + Metformin + ABS. Serum creatinine and K+, mRNA for CX43, NOX4 and P53, western blotting for CX43 and P53 in renal tissue, immunohistochmistry for renal BAX and BCL2 with H&E and PAS staining were performed. Adminstration of Metformin, ABS or their combination led to a significant attenuation of the I/R induced renal injury with significant decrease in serum creatinine, K⁺ levels, and in the expression of P53, BAX, NOX-4 and caused a significant increase in CX43 and BCL2 expressions with attenuation of renal histopathological changes e.g. glomerular atrophy, tubular necrosis, tubular dilatation, sloughing of tubular epithelium, loss of brush border, cast formation and the inflammatory infiltration. Moreover, the combined therapy of Metformin and ABS produced more significant improvement. Our results approved a possible protective role of ABS especially when combined with Metformin in I/R renal injury
肾缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)是一种常见的临床问题，涉及氧化应激和间隙连接蛋白缺陷。脱落酸(Abscisic acid, ABS)是一种调节植物抗各种胁迫生理功能的植物激素，在哺乳动物组织中也被发现。我们的目的是评估合成ABS与二甲双胍相比或与二甲双胍联合治疗肾IRI的作用，以及它是否可以调节间隙连接蛋白;CX43，以及氧化应激相关因子;NOX4、MDA和GSH;细胞凋亡标志物;BAX, BCL2和P53。将大鼠分为5组:1、生理盐水组;2、I/R+Sal组。检测小鼠血清肌酐、K+、CX43、NOX4、P53 mRNA表达、肾组织CX43、P53 western blotting、肾BAX、BCL2免疫组化(H&E和PAS染色)。二甲双胍、ABS或两者联合用药可显著减弱I/R所致肾损伤，血清肌酐、K +水平及P53、BAX、NOX-4表达均显著降低;CX43、BCL2表达显著升高，肾小球萎缩、小管坏死、小管扩张、小管上皮脱落、刷状边界丧失、铸型形成和炎症浸润等肾组织病理改变减弱。二甲双胍与ABS联合治疗效果更显著。我们的结果证实了ABS在I/R肾损伤中可能的保护作用，特别是与二甲双胍联合使用时
{"title":"Abscisic Acid Can Protect the Kidney Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via Antiapoptotic Activity, Downregulation of NOX-4 and Upregulation of Connexin-43","authors":"M. Adel, M. Rabei, N. Hazem, H. Elsayed, Mohammad H El-Nablawy","doi":"10.21608/besps.2021.64388.1095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2021.64388.1095","url":null,"abstract":"Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical problem involving oxidative stress and gap junction protein defects. Abscisic acid (ABS), a phytohormone regulating physiological functions in plants against various stresses, has been identified in mammalian tissues, too. We aimed to assess the role of synthetic ABS in management of renal IRI in comparison or combined with Metformin and whether it can modulate the gap-junction protein; CX43, and the oxidative stress related factors; NOX4, MDA and GSH; and apoptosis markers; BAX, BCL2 and P53. Rats were assigned to five groups ;1, Saline: 2, I/R+Sal., 3 I/R+Metformin, 4, I/R +ABS and 5, I/R + Metformin + ABS. Serum creatinine and K+, mRNA for CX43, NOX4 and P53, western blotting for CX43 and P53 in renal tissue, immunohistochmistry for renal BAX and BCL2 with H&E and PAS staining were performed. Adminstration of Metformin, ABS or their combination led to a significant attenuation of the I/R induced renal injury with significant decrease in serum creatinine, K⁺ levels, and in the expression of P53, BAX, NOX-4 and caused a significant increase in CX43 and BCL2 expressions with attenuation of renal histopathological changes e.g. glomerular atrophy, tubular necrosis, tubular dilatation, sloughing of tubular epithelium, loss of brush border, cast formation and the inflammatory infiltration. Moreover, the combined therapy of Metformin and ABS produced more significant improvement. Our results approved a possible protective role of ABS especially when combined with Metformin in I/R renal injury","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86786847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2020.36714.1070
Mamdouh M. El-Yamany, S. M. Elewa, Eman Y Khairy, Ola A. Salama, N. Kandil, Mona Sherif
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of different exercise intensities on modifying the inflammatory markers in overweight and obese subjects. Sixty adult males divided into: a control group (n=30) included normal weight subjects (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and an overweight (OW) and obese group (n=30) included subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Each group was randomly subdivided into three groups (n=10 each): low, moderate and high intensity exercise groups. Anthropometric measurements obtained and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured before and thirty minutes after twenty minutes incremental exercise, at 45%, 60% or 80% of predicted maximum heart rate, on a motor driven treadmill. Following an acute bout of moderate or high intensity exercise, OW and obese subjects showed significant increase in CRP and IL-6 levels; however, TNF-α levels significantly decreased. Nevertheless, an acute low intensity exercise induced no significant changes in any of the measured markers in the OW and obese subjects. In conclusion, an acute bout of moderate or high intensity exercise, but not low intensity exercise, induces an inflammatory response, characterized by a rise in levels of CRP and IL-6, and a decrease in TNF-α level in overweight and obese subjects.
{"title":"Effect of Different Acute Exercise Intensities on the Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Subjects","authors":"Mamdouh M. El-Yamany, S. M. Elewa, Eman Y Khairy, Ola A. Salama, N. Kandil, Mona Sherif","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2020.36714.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2020.36714.1070","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of different exercise intensities on modifying the inflammatory markers in overweight and obese subjects. Sixty adult males divided into: a control group (n=30) included normal weight subjects (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and an overweight (OW) and obese group (n=30) included subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Each group was randomly subdivided into three groups (n=10 each): low, moderate and high intensity exercise groups. Anthropometric measurements obtained and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured before and thirty minutes after twenty minutes incremental exercise, at 45%, 60% or 80% of predicted maximum heart rate, on a motor driven treadmill. Following an acute bout of moderate or high intensity exercise, OW and obese subjects showed significant increase in CRP and IL-6 levels; however, TNF-α levels significantly decreased. Nevertheless, an acute low intensity exercise induced no significant changes in any of the measured markers in the OW and obese subjects. In conclusion, an acute bout of moderate or high intensity exercise, but not low intensity exercise, induces an inflammatory response, characterized by a rise in levels of CRP and IL-6, and a decrease in TNF-α level in overweight and obese subjects.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74488144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-25DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2021.34575.1066
A. Elamir, Ragab Ali, Amr Zahra
Background: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) could be infective through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism plays a crucial role in the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objectives: We aimed at revealing the association between CC genotype of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism and occult HBV infection in ESRD Egyptian patients. Methods: We performed real-time PCR for the quantification of HBV-DNA in the serum of 139 ESRD patients and for diagnosis of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism in the serum of patients and 100 healthy controls. Results: Out of 139 patients, 125 (89.9%) were HBsAg negative. We observed a high percentage of the CC genotype among patients (106=76.2%), while the CT and TT genotypes were (19=13.7%) and (14=10.1%), respectively. The C allele represented 83.1% in patients whereas the T allele was 16.9%. The CC and CT genotypes in patients had a statistically significant difference in the mean level of PCR. The CT genotype in patients among males and the TT genotype amongst females had the higher statistically significant percentages. The presence of C allele declared a statistically significant difference in the mean levels of AST and PCR. Conclusion: We found that the high percentage of C allele or CC genotype of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism in ESRD Egyptian patients might be responsible for the existence of HBV DNA with lack of exhibited hepatitis B surface antigen.
{"title":"Association of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 single nucleotide polymorphism with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus Infection in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease","authors":"A. Elamir, Ragab Ali, Amr Zahra","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2021.34575.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2021.34575.1066","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) could be infective through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism plays a crucial role in the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objectives: We aimed at revealing the association between CC genotype of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism and occult HBV infection in ESRD Egyptian patients. Methods: We performed real-time PCR for the quantification of HBV-DNA in the serum of 139 ESRD patients and for diagnosis of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism in the serum of patients and 100 healthy controls. Results: Out of 139 patients, 125 (89.9%) were HBsAg negative. We observed a high percentage of the CC genotype among patients (106=76.2%), while the CT and TT genotypes were (19=13.7%) and (14=10.1%), respectively. The C allele represented 83.1% in patients whereas the T allele was 16.9%. The CC and CT genotypes in patients had a statistically significant difference in the mean level of PCR. The CT genotype in patients among males and the TT genotype amongst females had the higher statistically significant percentages. The presence of C allele declared a statistically significant difference in the mean levels of AST and PCR. Conclusion: We found that the high percentage of C allele or CC genotype of MicroRNA-30a rs1358379 polymorphism in ESRD Egyptian patients might be responsible for the existence of HBV DNA with lack of exhibited hepatitis B surface antigen.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84117090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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