Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2019.7985.1017
H. Borg, M. A. A. Elmaaboud, Mohamed F Balaha, Fleur Abdelmonem, M. Abdel-Rahman, Sabiha E Hedeya
Lung fibrosis is a disease that carries poor prognosis and high mortality rate. The mechanisms of fibrosis may include disordered wound healing, infiltration with inflammatory cells and fibroblasts and release of reactive oxygen species and growth factors. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of metformin (Biguanide) on lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin and to clarify the molecular mechanisms of this effect. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups as follows: control group; bleomycin for 4 weeks group; metformin prophylactic group; bleomycin for 6 weeks group; metformin therapeutic group and metformin alone group. The weight of rats was recorded. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was analyzed for total and differential leukocyte count, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-?1). Lung tissue hydroxyproline, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were measured. Also, parts of the lungs were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical examination for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B). Metformin used prophylactically improved the histopathological picture and NF-?B immunostaining and decreased the oxidative stress, TGF-?1, TNF-? and BAL cellularity. When used therapeutically, metformin decreased oxidative stress and TGF-?1 but didn’t improve TNF-?, the histopathological picture and NF-?B immunostaining. In conclusion, metformin has ameliorative effect on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis when used prophylactically better than when used therapeutically
{"title":"Ameliorative potential of biguanides on experimentally-induced lung fibrosis","authors":"H. Borg, M. A. A. Elmaaboud, Mohamed F Balaha, Fleur Abdelmonem, M. Abdel-Rahman, Sabiha E Hedeya","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2019.7985.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2019.7985.1017","url":null,"abstract":"Lung fibrosis is a disease that carries poor prognosis and high mortality rate. The mechanisms of \u0000fibrosis may include disordered wound healing, infiltration with inflammatory cells and \u0000fibroblasts and release of reactive oxygen species and growth factors. The aim of this study was \u0000to assess the effect of metformin (Biguanide) on lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin and to clarify \u0000the molecular mechanisms of this effect. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups \u0000as follows: control group; bleomycin for 4 weeks group; metformin prophylactic group; \u0000bleomycin for 6 weeks group; metformin therapeutic group and metformin alone group. The \u0000weight of rats was recorded. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was analyzed for total and \u0000differential leukocyte count, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) and transforming growth factor \u0000beta 1 (TGF-?1). Lung tissue hydroxyproline, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were \u0000measured. Also, parts of the lungs were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical \u0000examination for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B). Metformin used prophylactically improved the \u0000histopathological picture and NF-?B immunostaining and decreased the oxidative stress, TGF-?1, \u0000TNF-? and BAL cellularity. When used therapeutically, metformin decreased oxidative stress and \u0000TGF-?1 but didn’t improve TNF-?, the histopathological picture and NF-?B immunostaining. In \u0000conclusion, metformin has ameliorative effect on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis when used \u0000prophylactically better than when used therapeutically","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85741186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2019.6288.1008
A. Arikawe, A. Olusanya, I. Udenze, O. Akinnibosun, A. Adejare, O. Olumide, I. I. Olatunji-Bello, J. Anselmo-Franci
The incidence of women developing high blood pressure during perimenopause has been documented and is sustained till menopause. However, no study till date on beneficial effects of L-arginine supplementation on BP during perimenopause in humans and animal models of perimenopause.Female rats 28 days old were divided into 3 groups; Control group was injected (SC) daily with Corn oil (2.5 μl/g BW) for 15 days, allowed to grow till 12th week; VCD group was injected (SC) daily with 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (160 mg/kg BW) diluted in Corn oil (2.5 μl/g BW) for 15 days, allowed to grow till 12th week; VCD + L-ARG group was injected as VCD group, allowed to grow till 8th week, then administered oral 100mg/kg L-arginine daily for additional 4 weeks. Caudal BP was measured with tail-cuff apparatus (Kent Scientific CODA system) at weeks eight, ten, and twelve. Terminal BP was also measured with a power-lab apparatus and blood samples were subsequently collected for measurement of plasma lipid profile.L-arginine supplementation significantly reduced systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BP parameters in the VCD + L-ARG group compared to the Control and VCD groups (P < 0.05). It also significantly reduced total cholesterol and LDL concentrations in the VCD + L-ARG group compared to the Control and VCD groups (P < 0.05). HDL concentration was significantly higher in the VCD and VCD + L-ARG groups compared to the Control group (P < 0.05). These results show that L-arginine supplementation ameliorates some cardiovascular risk factors during perimenopausal transitory period.
{"title":"L-arginine supplementation reduces blood pressure and plasma lipid levels in an animal model of perimenopause induced by 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide","authors":"A. Arikawe, A. Olusanya, I. Udenze, O. Akinnibosun, A. Adejare, O. Olumide, I. I. Olatunji-Bello, J. Anselmo-Franci","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2019.6288.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2019.6288.1008","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of women developing high blood pressure during perimenopause has been documented and is sustained till menopause. However, no study till date on beneficial effects of L-arginine supplementation on BP during perimenopause in humans and animal models of perimenopause.Female rats 28 days old were divided into 3 groups; Control group was injected (SC) daily with Corn oil (2.5 μl/g BW) for 15 days, allowed to grow till 12th week; VCD group was injected (SC) daily with 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (160 mg/kg BW) diluted in Corn oil (2.5 μl/g BW) for 15 days, allowed to grow till 12th week; VCD + L-ARG group was injected as VCD group, allowed to grow till 8th week, then administered oral 100mg/kg L-arginine daily for additional 4 weeks. Caudal BP was measured with tail-cuff apparatus (Kent Scientific CODA system) at weeks eight, ten, and twelve. Terminal BP was also measured with a power-lab apparatus and blood samples were subsequently collected for measurement of plasma lipid profile.L-arginine supplementation significantly reduced systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BP parameters in the VCD + L-ARG group compared to the Control and VCD groups (P < 0.05). It also significantly reduced total cholesterol and LDL concentrations in the VCD + L-ARG group compared to the Control and VCD groups (P < 0.05). HDL concentration was significantly higher in the VCD and VCD + L-ARG groups compared to the Control group (P < 0.05). These results show that L-arginine supplementation ameliorates some cardiovascular risk factors during perimenopausal transitory period.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82226427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2019.6893.1014
Gehan Badawi, S. Gad, Atef Abdel azeem Al seidi, Sabry Gad
Objectives:To study the effect of KV7 channel modulators, Retigabine(KV7 opener) and XE-99 (KV7 blocker), on motility of both fundal and corpal gastric segments in Type I diabetic rats . Method:24 Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: (I) control& (II) diabetic group (n=12) each were subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the used segment whether fundus or corpus. Each segment group was treated with retigabine and XE-991 on basal and cholinergic stimulated motility. The motility was recorded in-vitro using the Power Lab system. Results: Diabetic stomach significantly showed higher fundal basal amplitude and frequency of contractions when compared with control. Diabetic gastric response to A.ch. was significantly higher as compaired to control. Retigabine, significantly decreased spontaneous contractility of gastric fundal and corpal muscle in diabetic and control rats but diabetic group exhibits significant more decrease in contractility than control. Also, retigabine significantly decreased contractility of cholinergic stimulated fundal and corpal strips with significant more decreased contraction amplitude in diabetic corpus than the control. XE-991, significantly increased spontaneous gastric fundal and corpal contractility in diabetic and control rats but diabetic group exhibits significant more increased contraction in response to XE-991 than the control. Also, XE-991 after A.ch significantly increased the amplitude of fundal and corpal contractility of both diabetic and control groups with significant higher contraction in diabetics , however there is no increase in the tone after A.ch in either groups. Conclusion: KV7 channel modulators could affect gastric activity in type I diabetic and control rats.
{"title":"Effect of Kv7 channel modulators on the contractility of diabetic rat stomach in-vitro","authors":"Gehan Badawi, S. Gad, Atef Abdel azeem Al seidi, Sabry Gad","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2019.6893.1014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2019.6893.1014","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives:To study the effect of KV7 channel modulators, Retigabine(KV7 opener) and XE-99 (KV7 blocker), on motility of both fundal and corpal gastric segments in Type I diabetic rats . Method:24 Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: (I) control& (II) diabetic group (n=12) each were subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the used segment whether fundus or corpus. Each segment group was treated with retigabine and XE-991 on basal and cholinergic stimulated motility. The motility was recorded in-vitro using the Power Lab system. Results: Diabetic stomach significantly showed higher fundal basal amplitude and frequency of contractions when compared with control. Diabetic gastric response to A.ch. was significantly higher as compaired to control. Retigabine, significantly decreased spontaneous contractility of gastric fundal and corpal muscle in diabetic and control rats but diabetic group exhibits significant more decrease in contractility than control. Also, retigabine significantly decreased contractility of cholinergic stimulated fundal and corpal strips with significant more decreased contraction amplitude in diabetic corpus than the control. XE-991, significantly increased spontaneous gastric fundal and corpal contractility in diabetic and control rats but diabetic group exhibits significant more increased contraction in response to XE-991 than the control. Also, XE-991 after A.ch significantly increased the amplitude of fundal and corpal contractility of both diabetic and control groups with significant higher contraction in diabetics , however there is no increase in the tone after A.ch in either groups. Conclusion: KV7 channel modulators could affect gastric activity in type I diabetic and control rats.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76071833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2018.6114.1007
A. A. el-Rady, M. Nessren
Background :Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by infection and its rapid, accurate diagnosis is a huge burden. Renal failure induced by sepsis is still an exasperating problem in the clinical inquiry. Aim: This paper examines a new biomarker; serum procalcitonin (PCT) in the diagnosis of sepsis. PCT is a a calcitonin precursor secreted mainly from the thyroid gland. PCT efficacy in diagnosis of sepsis and the accompanying renal cell dysfunction by the expected successive apoptosis after sepsis were explored. Methods: 40 adult male albino rats were divided into: The control group: received intraperitoneal saline (IP) and LPS injected group: received 10 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Escherichia coli IP once. The rats were monitored using a mouse clinical assessment score (M-CASS) for 48 hours. Body temperature, blood pressure and serum glucose level ,leucocytic count , serum creatinine and urea and serum procalcitonin were estimated . Immunohistochemical staining of caspase 3-cellular expression in renal tissue.Results: increase mortility rate in septic rats. PCT was significantly increased in septic rats with high sensitivity and specificity. Significantly increased serum urea and creatinine, reduced blood glucose, and increased renal caspase 3 expression were exhibited in the LPS injected group. Tachycardia, hypotension and hypothermia were highly significantly increased in the LPS injected group. The behavioral changes were all detected after LPS injection. Conclusion: Serum procalcitonin is a noval, accurate and specific biomarker in the diagnosis of sepsis and its associated renal dysfunction, explained by increase in renal tissue caspase 3 expression.
{"title":"Interplay of serum procalcitonin and renal tissue caspase 3 as diagnostic markers of sepsis in lipopolysaccharide rat model of sepsis","authors":"A. A. el-Rady, M. Nessren","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2018.6114.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2018.6114.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Background :Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by infection and its rapid, accurate diagnosis is a huge burden. Renal failure induced by sepsis is still an exasperating problem in the clinical inquiry. Aim: This paper examines a new biomarker; serum procalcitonin (PCT) in the diagnosis of sepsis. PCT is a a calcitonin precursor secreted mainly from the thyroid gland. PCT efficacy in diagnosis of sepsis and the accompanying renal cell dysfunction by the expected successive apoptosis after sepsis were explored. Methods: 40 adult male albino rats were divided into: The control group: received intraperitoneal saline (IP) and LPS injected group: received 10 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Escherichia coli IP once. The rats were monitored using a mouse clinical assessment score (M-CASS) for 48 hours. Body temperature, blood pressure and serum glucose level ,leucocytic count , serum creatinine and urea and serum procalcitonin were estimated . Immunohistochemical staining of caspase 3-cellular expression in renal tissue.Results: increase mortility rate in septic rats. PCT was significantly increased in septic rats with high sensitivity and specificity. Significantly increased serum urea and creatinine, reduced blood glucose, and increased renal caspase 3 expression were exhibited in the LPS injected group. Tachycardia, hypotension and hypothermia were highly significantly increased in the LPS injected group. The behavioral changes were all detected after LPS injection. Conclusion: Serum procalcitonin is a noval, accurate and specific biomarker in the diagnosis of sepsis and its associated renal dysfunction, explained by increase in renal tissue caspase 3 expression.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87902984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2018.5711.1006
H. Sayyed, E. Allah, M. Sherif
Background: Stroke is a causative factor of disabilities and death. Various mechanisms involved in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion pathophysiology, including oxidative stress along with inflammation. Aim: This research assessed the impact of oxytocin in lessening the detrimental effects of reperfusion in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with the causal mechanisms. Materials: The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was elicited by bilateral common carotid artery obstruction for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h in rats. Forty eight rats were divided into: sham-operated group, oxytocin control group (underwent sham operation and given intraperitoneal oxytocin at a dose 750 µg/kg body weight), ischemia and reperfusion group and oxytocin-treated-ischemia and reperfusion group underwent I/R injury and given oxytocin 15 min before perfusion. Total antioxidant capacity, total peroxide, oxidative stress index, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and sodium/potassium-ATPase (Na+/K+-ATPase) level were measured in the cerebral homogenate. Histopathological analyses using H&E stain were carried out. Results: Administration of oxytocin lowered the ischemia-reperfusion-induced elevations in the cerebral total peroxide, oxidative stress index and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations and increased total antioxidant capacity concentration and Na+/K+-ATPase level. Together, these changes were associated with alleviated histopathological alteration-induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conclusion: Oxytocin has a neuro-protective impact against the deleterious effects of reperfusion via amelioration of oxidative stress, and inflammation and restoration of the declining level of the Na+/K+-ATPase. Thus, OT probably has a therapeutic impact on ischemic stroke.
{"title":"Does Oxytocin Have A Neuro-protective Impact in Rats’ Stroke Model?","authors":"H. Sayyed, E. Allah, M. Sherif","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2018.5711.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2018.5711.1006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is a causative factor of disabilities and death. Various mechanisms involved in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion pathophysiology, including oxidative stress along with inflammation. Aim: This research assessed the impact of oxytocin in lessening the detrimental effects of reperfusion in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with the causal mechanisms. Materials: The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was elicited by bilateral common carotid artery obstruction for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h in rats. Forty eight rats were divided into: sham-operated group, oxytocin control group (underwent sham operation and given intraperitoneal oxytocin at a dose 750 µg/kg body weight), ischemia and reperfusion group and oxytocin-treated-ischemia and reperfusion group underwent I/R injury and given oxytocin 15 min before perfusion. Total antioxidant capacity, total peroxide, oxidative stress index, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and sodium/potassium-ATPase (Na+/K+-ATPase) level were measured in the cerebral homogenate. Histopathological analyses using H&E stain were carried out. Results: Administration of oxytocin lowered the ischemia-reperfusion-induced elevations in the cerebral total peroxide, oxidative stress index and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations and increased total antioxidant capacity concentration and Na+/K+-ATPase level. Together, these changes were associated with alleviated histopathological alteration-induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conclusion: Oxytocin has a neuro-protective impact against the deleterious effects of reperfusion via amelioration of oxidative stress, and inflammation and restoration of the declining level of the Na+/K+-ATPase. Thus, OT probably has a therapeutic impact on ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77340596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2018.4334.1002
S. M. Samir, Heba Sheta, N. Bakry
Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of most prevalent diabetic complication. It remains unclear whether the anti-inflammatory Hydroxytyrosol (HT) has beneficial effects on biogenesis of diabetic renal changes. So, we aimed to find out the relationship between inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and the progression of DN. Also, try to assess the possible effects of HT on diabetic renal tissue. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into: non-diabetic rats (group I) and rats with induced type II diabetes that were subdivided into: group II non-treated DM, group III treated with HT, group IV treated with glyclazide and group V treated with combined treatment. Treatments were supplied for eight weeks. Results: Administration of HT alone or with GLY significantly lowered blood glucose levels and ameliorated kidney hypertrophy index together with improving renal dysfunction parameters including creatinine in serum and urine, blood urea nitrogen, serum and urinary albumin, together with the tissue oxidative markers and inflammatory cytokines activities compared to diabetic group. These effects of HT were also reflected on histologic evaluation and Nrf2- Keap1 system expression. Conclusion: This study discovers the renoprotective effect of HT in diabetic rats. Hence, this study recommended an addition of antioxidants like HT to the management of diabetes.
{"title":"Hydroxytyrosol: A prospective preventive option for diabetic nephropathy in rats","authors":"S. M. Samir, Heba Sheta, N. Bakry","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2018.4334.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2018.4334.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of most prevalent diabetic complication. It remains unclear whether the anti-inflammatory Hydroxytyrosol (HT) has beneficial effects on biogenesis of diabetic renal changes. So, we aimed to find out the relationship between inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and the progression of DN. Also, try to assess the possible effects of HT on diabetic renal tissue. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into: non-diabetic rats (group I) and rats with induced type II diabetes that were subdivided into: group II non-treated DM, group III treated with HT, group IV treated with glyclazide and group V treated with combined treatment. Treatments were supplied for eight weeks. Results: Administration of HT alone or with GLY significantly lowered blood glucose levels and ameliorated kidney hypertrophy index together with improving renal dysfunction parameters including creatinine in serum and urine, blood urea nitrogen, serum and urinary albumin, together with the tissue oxidative markers and inflammatory cytokines activities compared to diabetic group. These effects of HT were also reflected on histologic evaluation and Nrf2- Keap1 system expression. Conclusion: This study discovers the renoprotective effect of HT in diabetic rats. Hence, this study recommended an addition of antioxidants like HT to the management of diabetes.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79870347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2019.6809.1013
Mohammad Ashraf Ahmad Ali, Hoda M. Moghazy, A. Mahmoud, K. Abdel-Sater
Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) can affect health through its effects on many systems. Orexin is involved in regulation of many physiological functions including sleep. This can give an explanation and a way of protection against some hazards of SD. Aim: To test the protective effect of orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) blocker, SB-334867 on changes in food intake, blood glucose level and insulin sensitivity caused by SD. Method: 72 adult male rats arranged in 4 equal groups: control group, SD group, SD-OX1R blocked group & SD-DMSO group. The 3 SD groups are subjected to 8 days of paradoxical SD using the modified multiple platform method. The SD-OX1R blocked group was injected intraperitoneally daily with single dose of SB-334867 dissolved in 2 ml DMSO and diluted 1:1000 in saline (3 mg/kg/day). The SD-DMSO group was injected by DMSO alone. Food intake, body weight, blood fasting glucose & insulin levels were assessed and insulin resistance was calculated using HOMA-IR formula. Results: The SD and SD-DMSO groups showed loss of weight inspite of increased food intake plus hypoglycemia with increased insulin sensitivity. The SD-OX1R blocked group showed no significant change in food intake but more drop in body weight plus delayed changes in fasting blood glucose and insulin sensitivity. Conclusion: SD can affect health through its effect on food intake and induction of hypoglycemia. OX1R blocker, SB-334867 protects against the increase in food intake and delays increased insulin sensitivity and subsequent hypoglycemia. So, orexin most probably is a mechanism by which SD causes these changes.
{"title":"OREXIN-1-RECEPTOR BLOCKER, SB-334867 MAY AFFECT BODY WEIGHT AND PROTECT AGAINST HYPOGLYCEMIA INDUCED BY PARADOXICAL SLEEP DEPRIVATION IN ADULT MALE RATS","authors":"Mohammad Ashraf Ahmad Ali, Hoda M. Moghazy, A. Mahmoud, K. Abdel-Sater","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2019.6809.1013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2019.6809.1013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) can affect health through its effects on many systems. Orexin is involved in regulation of many physiological functions including sleep. This can give an explanation and a way of protection against some hazards of SD. Aim: To test the protective effect of orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) blocker, SB-334867 on changes in food intake, blood glucose level and insulin sensitivity caused by SD. Method: 72 adult male rats arranged in 4 equal groups: control group, SD group, SD-OX1R blocked group & SD-DMSO group. The 3 SD groups are subjected to 8 days of paradoxical SD using the modified multiple platform method. The SD-OX1R blocked group was injected intraperitoneally daily with single dose of SB-334867 dissolved in 2 ml DMSO and diluted 1:1000 in saline (3 mg/kg/day). The SD-DMSO group was injected by DMSO alone. Food intake, body weight, blood fasting glucose & insulin levels were assessed and insulin resistance was calculated using HOMA-IR formula. Results: The SD and SD-DMSO groups showed loss of weight inspite of increased food intake plus hypoglycemia with increased insulin sensitivity. The SD-OX1R blocked group showed no significant change in food intake but more drop in body weight plus delayed changes in fasting blood glucose and insulin sensitivity. Conclusion: SD can affect health through its effect on food intake and induction of hypoglycemia. OX1R blocker, SB-334867 protects against the increase in food intake and delays increased insulin sensitivity and subsequent hypoglycemia. So, orexin most probably is a mechanism by which SD causes these changes.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74878379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2018.4413.1005
Walaa O Obydah, Gehan Elwakeel, Aya E. Abd El-Hamed, G. Gad, Fayza R. El Menabawy
Over the next years, non alcoholic fatty liver disease will represent the main cause of chronic liver disease with the reduction of hepatitis C burden. Recent researches are directed towards prevention. Prevention of NAFLD can be achieved by attenuation of oxidative stress. The aim of this work is to study the possible role of melatonin, glutamine and L-arginine in prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats induced by high fat, and high carbohydrate diet. The study included control, NAFLD, melatonin, glutamine and arginine groups. For all groups we have measured the serum concentration of glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes, the concentration of glutathione (GSH) and malonyl aldehyde (MDA) in liver tissues. Then we performed histopathological study of liver tissue . there was significant increase in blood glucose level, triglycerides, Cholesterol and LDL in NAFLD, significant increase in liver enzymes (AST, ALT) and MDA, and significant decrease in GSH in NAFLD group as compared with control group. The use of melatonin, glutamine and L-arginine improved all the parameters as compared with NAFLD group. By histopathological study, marked improvement with slight fatty infiltration and near normal hepatocytes in melatonin group, moderate improvement with mild steatosis in glutamine group while mild improvement with L-arginine group. From this work we can conclude that: Early intervention with melatonin, glutamine or L-arginine has a protective effect in NAFLD. Key words: NAFLD, melatonin, L-arginine, glutamine, oxidative stress – glucose – lipid profile.
{"title":"Role of Melatonin, Glutamine and L-arginine in Prevention of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats","authors":"Walaa O Obydah, Gehan Elwakeel, Aya E. Abd El-Hamed, G. Gad, Fayza R. El Menabawy","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2018.4413.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2018.4413.1005","url":null,"abstract":"Over the next years, non alcoholic fatty liver disease will represent the main cause of chronic liver disease with the reduction of hepatitis C burden. Recent researches are directed towards prevention. Prevention of NAFLD can be achieved by attenuation of oxidative stress. The aim of this work is to study the possible role of melatonin, glutamine and L-arginine in prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats induced by high fat, and high carbohydrate diet. The study included control, NAFLD, melatonin, glutamine and arginine groups. For all groups we have measured the serum concentration of glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes, the concentration of glutathione (GSH) and malonyl aldehyde (MDA) in liver tissues. Then we performed histopathological study of liver tissue . there was significant increase in blood glucose level, triglycerides, Cholesterol and LDL in NAFLD, significant increase in liver enzymes (AST, ALT) and MDA, and significant decrease in GSH in NAFLD group as compared with control group. The use of melatonin, glutamine and L-arginine improved all the parameters as compared with NAFLD group. By histopathological study, marked improvement with slight fatty infiltration and near normal hepatocytes in melatonin group, moderate improvement with mild steatosis in glutamine group while mild improvement with L-arginine group. From this work we can conclude that: Early intervention with melatonin, glutamine or L-arginine has a protective effect in NAFLD. Key words: NAFLD, melatonin, L-arginine, glutamine, oxidative stress – glucose – lipid profile.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81258935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/BESPS.2018.4308.1003
S. M. Samir, A. moustafa, M. Mahdi
The present study aims to find out the possible protective effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Fifty male rats divided into: normal control group, diabetic group and three diabetic treated groups with either pioglitazone, or ABA, or both pioglitazone and ABA for 16 weeks. At the end of experiment, ECG was recorded, biochemical measurement of serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile, troponin I, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) was done, caspase 3 and 9 activity in heart, RT- PCR for connexin-43(Cx43) and histopathological examination of cardiac tissue. Results: Treatment with ABA exerted positive effects on blood glucose and insulin levels that found to be reflected on heart weight/body weight ratio in diabetic rats. Also, it exerted significant improvement in cardiac markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines. DCM is associated with increased myocyte cell death that indicated by increasing caspase 3 and 9 that improved significantly by ABA. Also, results indicated that myocardial Cx43 mRNA levels were lesser in diabetic versus non-diabetic rats. Cx43 deterioration in diabetics may be behind the prolongation of the QRS and QTc, that improved by ABA. The histopathological findings showed that ABA improved diabetic cardiomyocyte necrosis and fibrosis. Conclusion: The diabetic rats benefit from ABA intake due to its hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. So, intake of ABA in combination with anti-diabetic drugs may be beneficial for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Effects of Abscisic Acid on the Diabetic Changes in Rat Myocardium","authors":"S. M. Samir, A. moustafa, M. Mahdi","doi":"10.21608/BESPS.2018.4308.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/BESPS.2018.4308.1003","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to find out the possible protective effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Fifty male rats divided into: normal control group, diabetic group and three diabetic treated groups with either pioglitazone, or ABA, or both pioglitazone and ABA for 16 weeks. At the end of experiment, ECG was recorded, biochemical measurement of serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile, troponin I, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) was done, caspase 3 and 9 activity in heart, RT- PCR for connexin-43(Cx43) and histopathological examination of cardiac tissue. Results: Treatment with ABA exerted positive effects on blood glucose and insulin levels that found to be reflected on heart weight/body weight ratio in diabetic rats. Also, it exerted significant improvement in cardiac markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines. DCM is associated with increased myocyte cell death that indicated by increasing caspase 3 and 9 that improved significantly by ABA. Also, results indicated that myocardial Cx43 mRNA levels were lesser in diabetic versus non-diabetic rats. Cx43 deterioration in diabetics may be behind the prolongation of the QRS and QTc, that improved by ABA. The histopathological findings showed that ABA improved diabetic cardiomyocyte necrosis and fibrosis. Conclusion: The diabetic rats benefit from ABA intake due to its hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. So, intake of ABA in combination with anti-diabetic drugs may be beneficial for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78339524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.21608/besps.2018.44283
Z. El-dken, Nisreen Abo Elmaaty, S. El-basiony, Soheir A. Helmi, E. Metias
{"title":"Biochemical, Hormonal, and Body Weight Changes in Chronic Stressed Young and Middle Aged Sprague Dawely Rats","authors":"Z. El-dken, Nisreen Abo Elmaaty, S. El-basiony, Soheir A. Helmi, E. Metias","doi":"10.21608/besps.2018.44283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/besps.2018.44283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9347,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79011965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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