Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.37191/mapsci-jgcorm-1(3)-011
Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWs) is a rare müllerian abnormality resulting in varying presentation, especially after puberty. A baseline pelvic ultrasound scan can help in diagnosis. The quality of life for these patients can be improved by timely and adequate surgical care., who otherwise may suffer from prolonged ongoing symptoms and complications in the future due to these anatomical abnormalities. Background: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome (HWWs) is a rare congenital condition involving uterus didelphys, obstructed hemi-vagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis due to abnormal development of ducts. Diagnosing Müllerian anomalies can be challenging due to varying symptoms. The case of delayed HWW s presentation in a patient is discussed, emphasizing the need for early referral to specialized care. Case: A 25-year-old woman with a history of recurrent UTIs as well as a single right kidney was diagnosed with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome (HWWs), a rare condition involving obstructed hemi-vagina, uterus didelphys and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Surgical intervention successfully was a suitable treatment for this condition, and the patient was referred to a urologist for further urinary symptoms management. Conclusion: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome diagnosis is challenging, but early detection with pelvic ultrasound can aid in diagnosis; treatment involves resecting the hemivaginal septum.
{"title":"Delayed Presentation of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome; A Rare Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report and literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-jgcorm-1(3)-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-jgcorm-1(3)-011","url":null,"abstract":"Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWs) is a rare müllerian abnormality resulting in varying presentation, especially after puberty. A baseline pelvic ultrasound scan can help in diagnosis. The quality of life for these patients can be improved by timely and adequate surgical care., who otherwise may suffer from prolonged ongoing symptoms and complications in the future due to these anatomical abnormalities. Background: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome (HWWs) is a rare congenital condition involving uterus didelphys, obstructed hemi-vagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis due to abnormal development of ducts. Diagnosing Müllerian anomalies can be challenging due to varying symptoms. The case of delayed HWW s presentation in a patient is discussed, emphasizing the need for early referral to specialized care. Case: A 25-year-old woman with a history of recurrent UTIs as well as a single right kidney was diagnosed with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome (HWWs), a rare condition involving obstructed hemi-vagina, uterus didelphys and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Surgical intervention successfully was a suitable treatment for this condition, and the patient was referred to a urologist for further urinary symptoms management. Conclusion: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome diagnosis is challenging, but early detection with pelvic ultrasound can aid in diagnosis; treatment involves resecting the hemivaginal septum.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Intimate Partner Violence against Women (IPVAW) is a human rights and public health problem worldwide and is associated with negative consequences for the mother, family, and community. The study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence among married women in Burundi, to inform strategies and programs to reduce domestic violence. Methods: This study consists of the secondary analysis of the 2016-17 Burundi Demographic and Health Survey. The study population consisted of 6014 married women, interviewed using the domestic violence questionnaire. The research applied Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression to identify the factors influencing IPVAW in Burundi, at a 95% statistical significance. Results: The study established the overall prevalence of IPVAW at 48.4%, whereas physical violence was 37.0%, sexual violence 24.4% and emotional violence 22.9%. Intimate partner violence varies by background characteristics of the women. The multivariate analysis identified as risk factors to IPVAW the age of the woman, the province of residence, the number of children ever born, the discordance within the couple on the number of children desired, the childhood experience of parental violence, the husband's controlling behaviour, the husband drinking alcohol and husband's age. Conclusion: IPVAW is high in Burundi. Social, economic and cultural factors are some of the predictors of the high prevalence. These factors should constitute the basis for designing programmes and policies aimed at reducing IPVAW.
{"title":"Prevalence and Determinants of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Burundi: Evidence from 2016-17 Demographic and Health Survey","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intimate Partner Violence against Women (IPVAW) is a human rights and public health problem worldwide and is associated with negative consequences for the mother, family, and community. The study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence among married women in Burundi, to inform strategies and programs to reduce domestic violence. Methods: This study consists of the secondary analysis of the 2016-17 Burundi Demographic and Health Survey. The study population consisted of 6014 married women, interviewed using the domestic violence questionnaire. The research applied Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression to identify the factors influencing IPVAW in Burundi, at a 95% statistical significance. Results: The study established the overall prevalence of IPVAW at 48.4%, whereas physical violence was 37.0%, sexual violence 24.4% and emotional violence 22.9%. Intimate partner violence varies by background characteristics of the women. The multivariate analysis identified as risk factors to IPVAW the age of the woman, the province of residence, the number of children ever born, the discordance within the couple on the number of children desired, the childhood experience of parental violence, the husband's controlling behaviour, the husband drinking alcohol and husband's age. Conclusion: IPVAW is high in Burundi. Social, economic and cultural factors are some of the predictors of the high prevalence. These factors should constitute the basis for designing programmes and policies aimed at reducing IPVAW.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135911030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To calculate the q-SOFA for postpartum patients admitted with infection and to correlate this with critical care unit admission & patient outcome. Methods: An observational, prospective cohort hospital-based study. It was conducted in Omdurman Maternity Hospital from October 2018-to March 2019. The study included 59 postpartum patients who were diagnosed with postpartum infection; their q-SOFA score was calculated on admission and then on daily basis, to detect their in-hospital mortality and morbidity. The data was analyzed using SPSS, using Pearson Chi-square which was significant at P value of 0.05. Results: Fifty-nine participants were involved, mean age was 28years.Those who delivered by cesarean section was 54.3%, 33(55.9%) developed surgical site infection. Five patients (8.5%) died and 54 (91.5%) discharged. 17(28.8%) were admitted to critical care unit. q-SOFA score was calculated & correlated to critical care unit admission & fate of the patient using Pearson Chi-square which was found to be significant 0.01 and 0.001, respectively (P value of 0.05). Conclusion: q-SOFA is a useful tool in detecting infected patients at risk of poor outcome and death. If the score≥2 patients need to be, admitted to critical care units and to have further assessment.
{"title":"Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in Recognizing Infected Patients with Organ Dysfunction & Prediction of Mortality: Cohort Study","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To calculate the q-SOFA for postpartum patients admitted with infection and to correlate this with critical care unit admission & patient outcome. Methods: An observational, prospective cohort hospital-based study. It was conducted in Omdurman Maternity Hospital from October 2018-to March 2019. The study included 59 postpartum patients who were diagnosed with postpartum infection; their q-SOFA score was calculated on admission and then on daily basis, to detect their in-hospital mortality and morbidity. The data was analyzed using SPSS, using Pearson Chi-square which was significant at P value of 0.05. Results: Fifty-nine participants were involved, mean age was 28years.Those who delivered by cesarean section was 54.3%, 33(55.9%) developed surgical site infection. Five patients (8.5%) died and 54 (91.5%) discharged. 17(28.8%) were admitted to critical care unit. q-SOFA score was calculated & correlated to critical care unit admission & fate of the patient using Pearson Chi-square which was found to be significant 0.01 and 0.001, respectively (P value of 0.05). Conclusion: q-SOFA is a useful tool in detecting infected patients at risk of poor outcome and death. If the score≥2 patients need to be, admitted to critical care units and to have further assessment.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135348440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We gathered and simplified the available articles and case reported about the prenatal characteristics and postnatal outcome of Prenatal diagnosed fetal cardiac Tumors and outlined a recommended management algorithm from previous trials.
{"title":"Prenatal Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Fetal Cardiac Tumors","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"We gathered and simplified the available articles and case reported about the prenatal characteristics and postnatal outcome of Prenatal diagnosed fetal cardiac Tumors and outlined a recommended management algorithm from previous trials.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135663414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The healthcare system in Pakistan is facing a shortage of human resources and appropriate and sustainable financial measures and therefore fails to provide optimum services to the population of Pakistan. Furthermore, research is limited in the healthcare institutes; therefore, there is a scarcity of information about patient satisfaction with pharmacists and pharmacy services in Pakistan. As evident from the inadequate information in the literature, patients’ opinions about the pharmacy services in Pakistan are important. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess patient satisfaction with the pharmacy performance of the outpatient pharmacy and its variation with socio-demographic characteristics in twin cities of Pakistan (Rawalpindi and Islamabad). Method: A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the patient satisfaction through convenience sampling technique. Minimum sample size of 250 respondents who visit pharmacy department of public and private hospital for pharmaceutical care were included in this study. A pre-validated tool was used to assess the patient satisfaction. Data was clean coded and import into spss for analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistic was applied to calculate frequency, standard deviation, mean deviation and p value to find the association among different domain of patient satisfaction with different demographic characteristics of respondents. Result: Current study shows overall patients were satisfied from pharmacy services provided by government and private hospitals. Furthermore, patient satisfaction towards pharmacist medication advice was very good however patient satisfaction towards pharmacist approach was good while patient perception with pharmacy setting, drug availability and cost were underrated. Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacist’s approach with different gender, age groups and qualification. No significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) was observed in pharmacy setting drug availability and cost with different gender, age groups and marital status of respondents. However, Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacy setting drug availability and cost with different level of education patients with less education had better satisfaction as compared to highly educated respondents. Furthermore, Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacy setting drug availability and cost with occupation. Self-employee and government employee had low satisfaction score while other had better satisfactory score. Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacist’s approach with different gender, age groups and qualification. Females had better satisfactory score as compared to female. Younger age group had better satisfaction as compared to elderly. Patients belong to higher educational groups had better satisfaction toward pharmacist approach as compared to low qualification groups respondents. Furthermore, no significant differe
{"title":"Association of Pharmacy Services with Patient Satisfaction in Public and Private Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi And Islamabad","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The healthcare system in Pakistan is facing a shortage of human resources and appropriate and sustainable financial measures and therefore fails to provide optimum services to the population of Pakistan. Furthermore, research is limited in the healthcare institutes; therefore, there is a scarcity of information about patient satisfaction with pharmacists and pharmacy services in Pakistan. As evident from the inadequate information in the literature, patients’ opinions about the pharmacy services in Pakistan are important. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess patient satisfaction with the pharmacy performance of the outpatient pharmacy and its variation with socio-demographic characteristics in twin cities of Pakistan (Rawalpindi and Islamabad). Method: A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the patient satisfaction through convenience sampling technique. Minimum sample size of 250 respondents who visit pharmacy department of public and private hospital for pharmaceutical care were included in this study. A pre-validated tool was used to assess the patient satisfaction. Data was clean coded and import into spss for analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistic was applied to calculate frequency, standard deviation, mean deviation and p value to find the association among different domain of patient satisfaction with different demographic characteristics of respondents. Result: Current study shows overall patients were satisfied from pharmacy services provided by government and private hospitals. Furthermore, patient satisfaction towards pharmacist medication advice was very good however patient satisfaction towards pharmacist approach was good while patient perception with pharmacy setting, drug availability and cost were underrated. Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacist’s approach with different gender, age groups and qualification. No significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) was observed in pharmacy setting drug availability and cost with different gender, age groups and marital status of respondents. However, Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacy setting drug availability and cost with different level of education patients with less education had better satisfaction as compared to highly educated respondents. Furthermore, Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacy setting drug availability and cost with occupation. Self-employee and government employee had low satisfaction score while other had better satisfactory score. Significance difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in pharmacist’s approach with different gender, age groups and qualification. Females had better satisfactory score as compared to female. Younger age group had better satisfaction as compared to elderly. Patients belong to higher educational groups had better satisfaction toward pharmacist approach as compared to low qualification groups respondents. Furthermore, no significant differe","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135582726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly impacted world health and economic status. In response, much work has been undertaken to provide effective, safe vaccines, antibodies and antiviral drugs with which to address this pandemic. Treatment of a pandemic population presents multiple challenges in addition to the primary issue of drug efficacy and safety, such as large-scale drug manufacture and distribution, drug stability, oral dosing and pharmacoeconomic considerations. Ideally, these factors must be addressed if new candidate drugs are to be advanced for treatment of large (pandemic) populations. Subsequently, new antivirals have reached the market but choices are few. According to the NIH Covid Treatment Guidelines, only three small molecule antiviral drugs are available to treat COVID-19 disease. As such, a significant part of the research towards discovery of new antiviral drugs has focused on screening and evaluation of ‘repurposed drugs’ or previously approved or clinical stage drugs. Yet, in spite of this increased research activity, one promising clinical stage candidate drug has received little attention regarding its potential as a monotherapy or component of combination therapy for treatment of COVID-19 disease. Tucaresol, with documented human safety and pharmacokinetic data, is an orally active, stable, small molecule amenable to large scale manufacture by a proprietary two-step synthesis developed by us. Tucaresol functions as a host- targeted antiviral by selective protection/reconstitution of CD4+ T helper cells as demonstrated in HIV patients and SIV macaques. In view of similarities between HIV and SARSCoV-2, especially with respect to host CD4+ T helper cells, and the suitability of Tucaresol for facile treatment of pandemic populations, Tucaresol is presented herein for treatment of mild-to- moderate COVID-19 patients but may also be useful for treatment of advanced disease accompanied by lymphopenia.
{"title":"Tucaresol: A Unique Oral Candidate Drug Ideally Accessible for Treatment Of COVID-19 Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly impacted world health and economic status. In response, much work has been undertaken to provide effective, safe vaccines, antibodies and antiviral drugs with which to address this pandemic. Treatment of a pandemic population presents multiple challenges in addition to the primary issue of drug efficacy and safety, such as large-scale drug manufacture and distribution, drug stability, oral dosing and pharmacoeconomic considerations. Ideally, these factors must be addressed if new candidate drugs are to be advanced for treatment of large (pandemic) populations. Subsequently, new antivirals have reached the market but choices are few. According to the NIH Covid Treatment Guidelines, only three small molecule antiviral drugs are available to treat COVID-19 disease. As such, a significant part of the research towards discovery of new antiviral drugs has focused on screening and evaluation of ‘repurposed drugs’ or previously approved or clinical stage drugs. Yet, in spite of this increased research activity, one promising clinical stage candidate drug has received little attention regarding its potential as a monotherapy or component of combination therapy for treatment of COVID-19 disease. Tucaresol, with documented human safety and pharmacokinetic data, is an orally active, stable, small molecule amenable to large scale manufacture by a proprietary two-step synthesis developed by us. Tucaresol functions as a host- targeted antiviral by selective protection/reconstitution of CD4+ T helper cells as demonstrated in HIV patients and SIV macaques. In view of similarities between HIV and SARSCoV-2, especially with respect to host CD4+ T helper cells, and the suitability of Tucaresol for facile treatment of pandemic populations, Tucaresol is presented herein for treatment of mild-to- moderate COVID-19 patients but may also be useful for treatment of advanced disease accompanied by lymphopenia.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134977421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: There is a high teenage pregnancy rate in Lake Victoria Island and Mountain districts of Uganda. Teenage pregnancy leads to unsafe abortions, infant and maternal mortality, high rate of unemployment, and school drop-outs. This paper aims at establishing the factors influencing teenage pregnancy in Uganda Lake Victoria Island shoreline area and mountain districts. Methods: The analysis focused on 405 girls aged 15–19 years, generated from the 2016 Uganda demographic and Health Survey. The chi-square test statistic was used to establish factors associated with teenage pregnancy. Unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis were conducted on explanatory variables to establish the predictors of teenage pregnancy in the Lake Victoria Island districts and the mountain districts. Statistical significance was considered at 5% level. Results: The findings show that teenage pregnancy rate was at 48% in the Lake Victoria Island districts and at 24% in the mountain districts. Predictors of teenage pregnancy include; aged 18 – 19 years (AOR=4.78, p=0.000, 95% CI 2.85 – 8.01), being in a female-headed household (AOR=0.46, p=0.004, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.85), being in a “working” occupation (AOR=2.22, p=0.005, 95% CI 1.28 – 3.85), belonging to the “rich” quintile (AOR=0.54, p=0.03, 95% CI 0.31 – 0.97) and knowledge of any family planning methods (AOR=18.37, p=0.008, 95% CI=2.17 – 155.5)., Conclusion: The factors associated with high teenage pregnancy in the Uganda Lake Victoria Island shoreline area and mountain districts include; age, sex of household head, occupation (not working), socio-economic status and knowledge of family planning methods. There is need for programs that promote contraceptive use among teenagers and household wealth creation projects, with special attention to dwellers in remote and hard-to-reach areas of the country.
背景:在乌干达的维多利亚湖岛和山区，青少年怀孕率很高。少女怀孕导致不安全堕胎、婴儿和孕产妇死亡率、高失业率和辍学率。本文旨在确定乌干达维多利亚湖岛沿岸地区和山区少女怀孕的影响因素。方法:分析重点是来自2016年乌干达人口与健康调查的405名15-19岁女孩。采用卡方检验统计量确定与少女怀孕相关的因素。对解释变量进行未调整和调整的二元logistic回归分析，建立维多利亚湖岛区和山区少女怀孕的预测因子。统计学意义在5%水平。结果:调查结果显示，维多利亚湖岛地区的少女怀孕率为48%，山区为24%。青少年怀孕的预测因素包括;年龄18 - 19岁(AOR=4.78, p=0.000, 95% CI 2.85 - 8.01)，女性户主家庭(AOR=0.46, p=0.004, 95% CI 0.25 - 0.85)，从事“工作”职业(AOR=2.22, p=0.005, 95% CI 1.28 - 3.85)，属于“富裕”五分位数(AOR=0.54, p=0.03, 95% CI 0.31 - 0.97)，了解任何计划生育方法(AOR=18.37, p=0.008, 95% CI=2.17 - 155.5)。结论:与乌干达维多利亚湖岛沿岸地区和山区少女高怀孕率相关的因素有:户主年龄、性别、职业(不工作)、社会经济地位和计划生育方法知识。有必要制定促进青少年使用避孕药具的计划和家庭财富创造项目，特别关注该国偏远和交通不便地区的居民。
{"title":"Predisposing Factors Associated with Teenage Pregnancy in Lake Victoria Islands and Mountain Districts of Uganda","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.07.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.07.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a high teenage pregnancy rate in Lake Victoria Island and Mountain districts of Uganda. Teenage pregnancy leads to unsafe abortions, infant and maternal mortality, high rate of unemployment, and school drop-outs. This paper aims at establishing the factors influencing teenage pregnancy in Uganda Lake Victoria Island shoreline area and mountain districts. Methods: The analysis focused on 405 girls aged 15–19 years, generated from the 2016 Uganda demographic and Health Survey. The chi-square test statistic was used to establish factors associated with teenage pregnancy. Unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis were conducted on explanatory variables to establish the predictors of teenage pregnancy in the Lake Victoria Island districts and the mountain districts. Statistical significance was considered at 5% level. Results: The findings show that teenage pregnancy rate was at 48% in the Lake Victoria Island districts and at 24% in the mountain districts. Predictors of teenage pregnancy include; aged 18 – 19 years (AOR=4.78, p=0.000, 95% CI 2.85 – 8.01), being in a female-headed household (AOR=0.46, p=0.004, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.85), being in a “working” occupation (AOR=2.22, p=0.005, 95% CI 1.28 – 3.85), belonging to the “rich” quintile (AOR=0.54, p=0.03, 95% CI 0.31 – 0.97) and knowledge of any family planning methods (AOR=18.37, p=0.008, 95% CI=2.17 – 155.5)., Conclusion: The factors associated with high teenage pregnancy in the Uganda Lake Victoria Island shoreline area and mountain districts include; age, sex of household head, occupation (not working), socio-economic status and knowledge of family planning methods. There is need for programs that promote contraceptive use among teenagers and household wealth creation projects, with special attention to dwellers in remote and hard-to-reach areas of the country.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135201527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Tubal infertility affects 25% of infertile couples in Cameroon and is the leading cause of female infertility. Methods: We carried out a case-control study at the Yaounde Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Research Teaching Hospital, from the period of March to May 2021. Women with tubal infertility were grouped as cases and women with no fertility problems were grouped as the controls. Data of interest were sociodemographic, reproductive, surgical, medical, paraclinical, and therapeutic. Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests were used to compare variables. Odds ratios were calculated to determine the association between variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Logistic regression analysis was performed to eliminate confounding factors. Results: Of the 205 patients recruited for the study, 67 had tubal infertility representing the cases and 138 with no fertility problems, representing the controls. After multivariate analysis and logistic regression, tubal infertility was associated in our study, with a history of sexually transmitted infections (aOR: 9.4; 95% CI [3.2-27.8]; p<0.001) and ectopic pregnancy (aOR: 13.5 95% CI [1.9-91]; p=0.009). The main diagnostic tools used were: hysterosalpingography alone (55.2%), hysterosalpingography followed by laparoscopy (40.3%). The main therapeutic approaches used were medically assisted reproduction (82.1%) and laparoscopic surgery (44.8%). Conclusion: The independent risk factors for tubal infertility were a history of sexually transmitted infections and ectopic pregnancy. The diagnosis was mainly by hysterosalpingography. Treatment was mainly by medically assisted reproduction.
简介:输卵管不孕影响喀麦隆25%的不孕夫妇，是女性不孕的主要原因。方法:我们于2021年3月至5月在雅温得妇科内镜手术和人类生殖研究教学医院进行了一项病例对照研究。输卵管性不孕的妇女作为病例，无生育问题的妇女作为对照组。感兴趣的数据包括社会人口学、生殖、外科、医学、临床辅助和治疗。使用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验来比较变量。计算比值比以确定变量之间的关联。p值小于0.05为显著性。采用Logistic回归分析消除混杂因素。结果:在研究招募的205名患者中，67名患有输卵管性不孕症，代表病例，138名没有生育问题，代表对照组。经过多因素分析和logistic回归，我们的研究发现输卵管性不孕与性传播感染史相关(aOR: 9.4;95% ci [3.2-27.8];p<0.001)和异位妊娠(aOR: 13.5 95% CI [1.9 ~ 91];p = 0.009)。主要诊断工具为:单纯宫腔输卵管造影(55.2%)、宫腔输卵管造影加腹腔镜检查(40.3%)。主要的治疗方式是医学辅助生殖(82.1%)和腹腔镜手术(44.8%)。结论:性传播感染史和异位妊娠是输卵管性不孕症的独立危险因素。诊断主要依靠子宫输卵管造影。治疗主要是借助医学辅助生殖。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01Epub Date: 2022-10-15DOI: 10.37191/Mapsci-JGCORM-1(1)-004
Arnav Barpujari, Elizabeth Klaas, Jeffery Roberts, Kim-Anh Vo, Esaan Azizi, Melanie Martinez, Eric Sung, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women in the United States. Metastasis to the central nervous system has become more frequent in the previous decades, however, treatment options remain limited. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer and how metastasis to the central nervous system typically occurs. We then discuss cases of metastasis presented in the literature to evaluate current treatment regimens and protocols. Finally, we highlight emerging treatment options that are being utilized in clinics to provide personalized treatment therapy for a patient's unique diagnosis. This review aims to further the understanding of pathophysiology, stimulate further innovative treatments, and present accessible resources through tables and figures.
{"title":"Ovarian Cancer Metastasis to the Central Nervous System: A Literature Review.","authors":"Arnav Barpujari, Elizabeth Klaas, Jeffery Roberts, Kim-Anh Vo, Esaan Azizi, Melanie Martinez, Eric Sung, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.37191/Mapsci-JGCORM-1(1)-004","DOIUrl":"10.37191/Mapsci-JGCORM-1(1)-004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women in the United States. Metastasis to the central nervous system has become more frequent in the previous decades, however, treatment options remain limited. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer and how metastasis to the central nervous system typically occurs. We then discuss cases of metastasis presented in the literature to evaluate current treatment regimens and protocols. Finally, we highlight emerging treatment options that are being utilized in clinics to provide personalized treatment therapy for a patient's unique diagnosis. This review aims to further the understanding of pathophysiology, stimulate further innovative treatments, and present accessible resources through tables and figures.</p>","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40663503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1108130/v1
Janvier Maniragena, Derrick Kasozi, G. Mubuuke, E. Murachi
Introduction: Obstetric ultrasonography in antenatal care (ANC) is globally recognized as one of the ways through which maternal mortality can be reduced. Pregnant women’s knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes are thought to influence their response towards obstetric ultrasonography. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women towards obstetric sonography at Mulago hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved 300 pregnant women who reported for obstetric sonography at Mulago hospital in Kampala, Uganda. Consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit participants into the study. The data was collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and was analyzed quantitatively into descriptive statistical tables, percentages and graphs using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 25.0 software.Results: The study had a response rate of 100%. Most participants had good knowledge of obstetric ultrasound scan. However, there was a misconception that ultrasound has harmful effects. Generally, participants had a positive attitude but poor practices towards obstetric ultrasound scan. Long waiting time and lack of privacy were reported by most participants as leading factors that contributed to the poor practices. Conclusion: This study shows that the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards obstetric ultrasound in Mulago hospital were good. However, their practices were poor. The concerns that need to be addressed in order to improve their practices include patient’s privacy, waiting time and the misconception regarding the safety of ultrasound that it can cause cancer.
导言:产科超声检查在产前保健(ANC)是全球公认的途径之一，通过它可以降低孕产妇死亡率。孕妇的知识、观念和态度被认为会影响她们对产科超声检查的反应。本研究旨在评估穆拉戈医院孕妇对产科超声检查的知识、态度和做法。方法:这是一项描述性横断面研究，涉及300名在乌干达坎帕拉Mulago医院接受产科超声检查的孕妇。采用连续抽样方法招募研究对象。数据采用访谈问卷收集，并使用SPSS 25.0版本的社会科学家统计软件包(statistical Package for Social Scientists)软件定量分析成描述性统计表、百分比和图表。结果:研究有效率为100%。大多数参与者对产科超声扫描有良好的了解。然而，有一种误解认为超声波有有害的影响。一般来说，参与者对产科超声扫描的态度是积极的，但做法不佳。大多数参与者报告说，等待时间长和缺乏隐私是导致不良做法的主要因素。结论:本研究表明，马拉戈医院孕妇对产科超声知识和态度较好。然而，他们的做法很差。为了改善他们的做法，需要解决的问题包括病人的隐私、等待时间以及对超声波安全性的误解，即超声波可能导致癌症。
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pregnant Women towards Obstetric Ultrasound at Mulago Hospital: A Cross-sectional Survey","authors":"Janvier Maniragena, Derrick Kasozi, G. Mubuuke, E. Murachi","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1108130/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1108130/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Obstetric ultrasonography in antenatal care (ANC) is globally recognized as one of the ways through which maternal mortality can be reduced. Pregnant women’s knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes are thought to influence their response towards obstetric ultrasonography. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women towards obstetric sonography at Mulago hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved 300 pregnant women who reported for obstetric sonography at Mulago hospital in Kampala, Uganda. Consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit participants into the study. The data was collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and was analyzed quantitatively into descriptive statistical tables, percentages and graphs using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 25.0 software.Results: The study had a response rate of 100%. Most participants had good knowledge of obstetric ultrasound scan. However, there was a misconception that ultrasound has harmful effects. Generally, participants had a positive attitude but poor practices towards obstetric ultrasound scan. Long waiting time and lack of privacy were reported by most participants as leading factors that contributed to the poor practices. Conclusion: This study shows that the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards obstetric ultrasound in Mulago hospital were good. However, their practices were poor. The concerns that need to be addressed in order to improve their practices include patient’s privacy, waiting time and the misconception regarding the safety of ultrasound that it can cause cancer.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73377576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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