OBJECTIVE: The persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infections, most of which are known to be transient is of critical importance for the development of precursor lesions and cancer in the cervix. The aim of the present study is to investigate the persistence and clearance of genotype-based human papillomavirus infections and also some cofactors that could be effective in persistence. STUDY DESIGN: Data of 115 patients whose human papillomavirus and genotype detection was made with multiplex Polymerase chain reaction, and capillary electrophoresis were categorized as low-risk human papillomavirus/high risk human papillomavirus and single/multiple human papillomavirus infections, and clearance/persistence data of two years were investigated. RESULTS: While 82 (71.3%) out of 115 patients (mean age 40.1 years) had a single human papillomavirus infection, the remaining had two or more human papillomavirus infections. Of all human papillomavirus infections, 81.5% (128/157) were high risk-human papillomavirus. Clearance rates of human papillomavirus infections during the first two years was 85.4% (134/157), persistence was 14.6% (23/157). The most frequently persisted high risk-human papillomavirus genotypes were 31, 52, 68, 16, and 35, respectively. A statistically significant difference was not found in human papillomavirus persistence with regard to the infection’s being single/multiple or low-ris/high risk. A significant difference was not found between age groups and persistence. CONCLUSIONS: Of human papillomavirus infections, 85.4% are cleared during the first two years while the most frequently persisted high risk-human papillomavirus genotypes were 31, 52, 68, 16, and 35, respectively. Being aware of population-based clearance/persistence results of type-specific infections may specify screening strategies.
{"title":"Type-Specific Persistence/Clearance Results in Human Papillomavirus Infections in Turkish Women","authors":"H. Şahin, B. Gurlek, B. Demir, F. Sılan","doi":"10.21613/gorm.2020.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21613/gorm.2020.1070","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infections, most of which are known to be transient is of critical importance for the development of precursor lesions and cancer in the cervix. The aim of the present study is to investigate the persistence and clearance of genotype-based human papillomavirus infections and also some cofactors that could be effective in persistence.\u0000STUDY DESIGN: Data of 115 patients whose human papillomavirus and genotype detection was made with multiplex Polymerase chain reaction, and capillary electrophoresis were categorized as low-risk human papillomavirus/high risk human papillomavirus and single/multiple human papillomavirus infections, and clearance/persistence data of two years were investigated.\u0000RESULTS: While 82 (71.3%) out of 115 patients (mean age 40.1 years) had a single human papillomavirus infection, the remaining had two or more human papillomavirus infections. Of all human papillomavirus infections, 81.5% (128/157) were high risk-human papillomavirus. Clearance rates of human papillomavirus infections during the first two years was 85.4% (134/157), persistence was 14.6% (23/157). The most frequently persisted high risk-human papillomavirus genotypes were 31, 52, 68, 16, and 35, respectively. A statistically significant difference was not found in human papillomavirus persistence with regard to the infection’s being single/multiple or low-ris/high risk. A significant difference was not found between age groups and persistence.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: Of human papillomavirus infections, 85.4% are cleared during the first two years while the most frequently persisted high risk-human papillomavirus genotypes were 31, 52, 68, 16, and 35, respectively. Being aware of population-based clearance/persistence results of type-specific infections may specify screening strategies.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76972588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaye Kahveci, B. Kahveci, Hamza Aslanhan, P. Bucaktepe
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Study design: The population of this cross-sectional analytic study consisted of 311 women who were admitted to our hospital at 4-6 weeks after birth. The data were collected between April-June 2018 by applying a sociodemographic data form consisting of 44 questions and the EPDS consisting of 10 questions. We used the EPDS in postpartum period to divide parturients into those with (n=47) and without (n=264) PPD using a cut-off score of ³ 13. The primary outcome is the prevalence of PPD, while the secondary outcomes are associated risk factors.Results: The PPD prevalence was 15.1% (n=47). In the PPD group, the difference was highly significant in terms of abortion, antenatal depression, inadequate care for the baby and health problem in the newborn [0.6±0.9 vs. 0.2±0.6, 13 (37.1%) vs. 27 (10.5%), 9 (56.3%) vs. 38 (12.9%), 12 (36.4%) vs. 35 (12.6%), respectively] (p<0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that abortion increased PPD by 1.64 fold (1.13-2.37% at 95% CI), antenatal depression by 5.04 fold (2.38-10.68% at 95% CI), inadequate care for the baby by 6.28 fold (1.89-20.86% at 95% CI), and health problem in the newborn increased PPD by 3.59 fold (1.43-8.99% at 95% CI).Conclusion: PPD is a health problem that can affect primarily mother and child. Therefore, it is important to determine highly predictable risk factors using a scale (e.g. EPDS) for early diagnosis and timely treatment of symptoms.
{"title":"Evaluation of prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale: a cross-sectional analytic study","authors":"Gaye Kahveci, B. Kahveci, Hamza Aslanhan, P. Bucaktepe","doi":"10.21613/gorm.2020.1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21613/gorm.2020.1109","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Study design: The population of this cross-sectional analytic study consisted of 311 women who were admitted to our hospital at 4-6 weeks after birth. The data were collected between April-June 2018 by applying a sociodemographic data form consisting of 44 questions and the EPDS consisting of 10 questions. We used the EPDS in postpartum period to divide parturients into those with (n=47) and without (n=264) PPD using a cut-off score of ³ 13. The primary outcome is the prevalence of PPD, while the secondary outcomes are associated risk factors.Results: The PPD prevalence was 15.1% (n=47). In the PPD group, the difference was highly significant in terms of abortion, antenatal depression, inadequate care for the baby and health problem in the newborn [0.6±0.9 vs. 0.2±0.6, 13 (37.1%) vs. 27 (10.5%), 9 (56.3%) vs. 38 (12.9%), 12 (36.4%) vs. 35 (12.6%), respectively] (p<0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that abortion increased PPD by 1.64 fold (1.13-2.37% at 95% CI), antenatal depression by 5.04 fold (2.38-10.68% at 95% CI), inadequate care for the baby by 6.28 fold (1.89-20.86% at 95% CI), and health problem in the newborn increased PPD by 3.59 fold (1.43-8.99% at 95% CI).Conclusion: PPD is a health problem that can affect primarily mother and child. Therefore, it is important to determine highly predictable risk factors using a scale (e.g. EPDS) for early diagnosis and timely treatment of symptoms.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87127464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Unilateral tubal twin pregnancies occur in approximately 1 in 125,000 spontaneous pregnancies. Due to the lack of data, there are few recommendations on the appropriate management of a twin tubal ectopic pregnancy. We report a CLINICAL CASE of A 28-year-old woman, with type 1 diabetes on insulin and with no significant surgical or gynaecological history, the patient presented to the emergency room for metrorragia evolving for two days in a context of 6sa-2j amenorrhea. Clinical examination finds a hemodynamically stable patient, a depressible flexible abdomen with sensitivity to the right iliac pit and a slightly painful reversed uterus has mobilization with a moderate bleeding abundance of endo uterine origin. The emergency room urine pregnancy test was positive. Beta Hcg serum was 3,966 mUI/ml. Transvaginal ultrasound showed a reversed empty uterus, a fine and homogeneous endometrium of 7.8 mm with the presence at the right tubal level of two gestational bags measuring (7.2mm5.8mm) and (7mm-5.6 mm) with two embryos of 3.8mm and 3.6mm respectively, both had positive cardiac activity. at the douglas bag cul level, the presence of an effusion blade. the diagnosis of bi-amniotic bi-horoial bi-chorial ectopic pregnancy was made.a laparoscopy was performed with a right salpingectomy. postoperative evolution was favourable. Health care providers should have a high index of clinical suspicion for ectopic pregnancies. Unilateral tubal twin ectopic pregnancies, although rare, can be correctly diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound. Laparoscopic salpingectomy provides an effective treatment for unilateral tubal twin gestation with a short recovery time. Due to the lack of data in the literature, there are few recommendations on the appropriate management of an ectuous ectopic twin pregnancy.
{"title":"Ectopic Twin Pregnancy : About A Case","authors":"K. Moussaoui, A. Kharbach","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.04.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.04.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"Unilateral tubal twin pregnancies occur in approximately 1 in 125,000 spontaneous pregnancies. Due to the lack of data, there are few recommendations on the appropriate management of a twin tubal ectopic pregnancy. We report a CLINICAL CASE of A 28-year-old woman, with type 1 diabetes on insulin and with no significant surgical or gynaecological history, the patient presented to the emergency room for metrorragia evolving for two days in a context of 6sa-2j amenorrhea. Clinical examination finds a hemodynamically stable patient, a depressible flexible abdomen with sensitivity to the right iliac pit and a slightly painful reversed uterus has mobilization with a moderate bleeding abundance of endo uterine origin. The emergency room urine pregnancy test was positive. Beta Hcg serum was 3,966 mUI/ml. Transvaginal ultrasound showed a reversed empty uterus, a fine and homogeneous endometrium of 7.8 mm with the presence at the right tubal level of two gestational bags measuring (7.2mm5.8mm) and (7mm-5.6 mm) with two embryos of 3.8mm and 3.6mm respectively, both had positive cardiac activity. at the douglas bag cul level, the presence of an effusion blade. the diagnosis of bi-amniotic bi-horoial bi-chorial ectopic pregnancy was made.a laparoscopy was performed with a right salpingectomy. postoperative evolution was favourable. Health care providers should have a high index of clinical suspicion for ectopic pregnancies. Unilateral tubal twin ectopic pregnancies, although rare, can be correctly diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound. Laparoscopic salpingectomy provides an effective treatment for unilateral tubal twin gestation with a short recovery time. Due to the lack of data in the literature, there are few recommendations on the appropriate management of an ectuous ectopic twin pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89101240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous cases of fragility fractures have been reported in young females in the clinical setting of pregnancy and/ or lactation, otherwise known as pregnancy and lactation associated osteoporosis (PLAO). The fractures reported in PLAO most commonly affect the vertebrae or hip. We present a case of PLAO and discuss its implications in a postpartum patient who suffered multiple atraumatic fractures involving her vertebrae, clavicle, rib, and pelvic rami while breastfeeding. This unique combination of fractures to our knowledge has not been reported in the. literature previously.
{"title":"A Unique Case of Pregnancy and Lactation Associated Osteoporosis Presenting with a Clavicular Fracture: A Mini-Review of the Literature","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.04.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.04.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous cases of fragility fractures have been reported in young females in the clinical setting of pregnancy and/ or lactation, otherwise known as pregnancy and lactation associated osteoporosis (PLAO). The fractures reported in PLAO most commonly affect the vertebrae or hip. We present a case of PLAO and discuss its implications in a postpartum patient who suffered multiple atraumatic fractures involving her vertebrae, clavicle, rib, and pelvic rami while breastfeeding. This unique combination of fractures to our knowledge has not been reported in the. literature previously.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74422148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a case presentation involving two siblings of four and six years of age with female gender identity from a neighboring country with 46,XY DSD and a 20 years old youngster from Northwest Ethiopia with an alleged male sex but with a 46,XX DSD; but definitely all the three with obvious ambiguous external genitalia. The 46XX, DSD with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) generated more challenges as opposed to the siblings who were diagnosed to have Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS). The case presentations are unique as they were referred for sex identification by physicians unlike the usual late complaints of patients with primary amenorrhea or absence of menarche, failure to attain penetrative vaginal sexual intercourse or primary infertility. It was evident that the role of the parents, grandparents, relatives and the healthcare professionals is very much impacting in the sex assignment of the clients, although the final preferential gender choice is made by the individual himself. The atypical external genitalia, contrary to the sex of rearing so far, are the hallmark of the abnormality and source of confusion of the clients under investigations. An early and thorough neonatal physical examination and random checkups of pediatric age groups underscores the complex issues of the subsequent multidisciplinary approach towards the sex assignment. The situations glare the psychosexual and physical development of those involved and the undesirable consequences in their respective families, relatives and their respective societies where beliefs, religion and culture play significant role in the social upbringing of the individual. The main objective of the presentation is to increase the degree of awareness among healthcare professionals of the existence of such congenital anomalies in the communities and is also intended to contribute to the national and world literature.
{"title":"Genital Ambiguity and Challenges in Gender Assignment","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.04.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.04.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"This is a case presentation involving two siblings of four and six years of age with female gender identity from a neighboring country with 46,XY DSD and a 20 years old youngster from Northwest Ethiopia with an alleged male sex but with a 46,XX DSD; but definitely all the three with obvious ambiguous external genitalia. The 46XX, DSD with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) generated more challenges as opposed to the siblings who were diagnosed to have Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS). The case presentations are unique as they were referred for sex identification by physicians unlike the usual late complaints of patients with primary amenorrhea or absence of menarche, failure to attain penetrative vaginal sexual intercourse or primary infertility. It was evident that the role of the parents, grandparents, relatives and the healthcare professionals is very much impacting in the sex assignment of the clients, although the final preferential gender choice is made by the individual himself. The atypical external genitalia, contrary to the sex of rearing so far, are the hallmark of the abnormality and source of confusion of the clients under investigations. An early and thorough neonatal physical examination and random checkups of pediatric age groups underscores the complex issues of the subsequent multidisciplinary approach towards the sex assignment. The situations glare the psychosexual and physical development of those involved and the undesirable consequences in their respective families, relatives and their respective societies where beliefs, religion and culture play significant role in the social upbringing of the individual. The main objective of the presentation is to increase the degree of awareness among healthcare professionals of the existence of such congenital anomalies in the communities and is also intended to contribute to the national and world literature.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72546876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Endometriosis is defined as ectopic presence of endometrial tissue outside of uterine cavity. Superficial peritoneal endometriosis is characterized by small superficial lesions modifying from white to dark brown shades. Dimension goes from few millimetres to 3 centimetres. We report a case of a 38 years old patient who has not had a signification in gynaecological pathology until five-six months before the gynecological check, when dysmenorrhea conditions associated at depth dyspareunia arose. Clinical and ultrasound investigations showed the presence of a pelvic cystic lesion, around 5 cm in diameter, diagnosed in the first instance as endometriotic cyst of the left ovary. The cystic lesion in the pelvis was confirmed by laparoscopic inspection. Really it was a large peritoneal implant (the left ovary was perfectly normal). The pathological report confirmed that a component of the lesion had nodules of florid endometriosis. It doesn’t exist ovarian cortex, but definitely a responsive mesothelium: the examined tissue has to be diagnosed with peritoneal endometriotic implant. Conclusions We refer to a case of peritoneal endometriotic implantation that has unusual dimensions (5 cm in diameter) late-onset in a woman who has experienced a specific symptomatology only in the last 6 months before the diagnosis
{"title":"Case Report -An Unusual Peritoneal Endometriotic Implant","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.04.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.04.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"Endometriosis is defined as ectopic presence of endometrial tissue outside of uterine cavity. Superficial peritoneal endometriosis is characterized by small superficial lesions modifying from white to dark brown shades. Dimension goes from few millimetres to 3 centimetres. We report a case of a 38 years old patient who has not had a signification in gynaecological pathology until five-six months before the gynecological check, when dysmenorrhea conditions associated at depth dyspareunia arose. Clinical and ultrasound investigations showed the presence of a pelvic cystic lesion, around 5 cm in diameter, diagnosed in the first instance as endometriotic cyst of the left ovary. The cystic lesion in the pelvis was confirmed by laparoscopic inspection. Really it was a large peritoneal implant (the left ovary was perfectly normal). The pathological report confirmed that a component of the lesion had nodules of florid endometriosis. It doesn’t exist ovarian cortex, but definitely a responsive mesothelium: the examined tissue has to be diagnosed with peritoneal endometriotic implant. Conclusions We refer to a case of peritoneal endometriotic implantation that has unusual dimensions (5 cm in diameter) late-onset in a woman who has experienced a specific symptomatology only in the last 6 months before the diagnosis","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73156533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major health issue amid fertile-aged women in all society. Therefore, we investigated levels of Elabela (ELA), Apelin (APLN), and Nitric Oxide (NO) in women with and without PCOS, and to identify whether there is any association between ELA, APLN, NO and metabolic parameters. 27 PCOS and 30 control subjects were included. ELA, APLN and NO levels were analyzed by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Both groups demonstrated no significant difference in terms of age and Body mass index (BMI), Insulin, HOMA-IR, Ferriman–Gallwey score, and free testosterone were significantly higher (p < 0.05), whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and estradiol (E2) levels were lower in women with the PCOS than that of controls. Lower ELA levels [(28.6 versus 39.4) ng/ml, p<0.05], and lower NO [(194.8 versus 322.5) µmol/L, p <0.001], and higher APLN levels [(478.7 versus 388.4) pg/ml, p <0.05] were reported in PCOS patients compared to controls. ELA and NO are significantly down regulated while APLN (p<0.05) is significantly up regulated (p<0.05) in PCOS patients compared to controls. Based on the findings of this study, decreased ELA and NO, increased APLN levels may be considered as potential regulators of glucose and fat metabolism in PCOS patients. It was also assumed that early measurement of ELA, APLN and NO in PCOS cases might help to avoid the aggravation of PCOS.
多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是全社会育龄妇女的主要健康问题。因此，我们研究了PCOS患者和非PCOS患者Elabela (ELA)、Apelin (APLN)和一氧化氮(NO)的水平，并确定ELA、APLN、NO与代谢参数之间是否存在关联。纳入PCOS患者27例，对照组30例。采用酶联免疫吸附法分析ELA、APLN和NO水平。两组在年龄、体重指数(BMI)、胰岛素、HOMA-IR、Ferriman-Gallwey评分和游离睾酮水平上均无显著差异(p < 0.05)，而PCOS女性的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和雌二醇(E2)水平低于对照组。与对照组相比，PCOS患者的ELA水平(28.6 vs 39.4) ng/ml, p<0.05)和NO水平(194.8 vs 322.5)µmol/L, p< 0.001)较低，APLN水平(478.7 vs 388.4) pg/ml, p<0.05)较高。与对照组相比，PCOS患者ELA、NO显著下调，APLN显著上调(p<0.05)。根据本研究结果，ELA和NO的降低、APLN水平的升高可能被认为是PCOS患者葡萄糖和脂肪代谢的潜在调节因子。我们也认为PCOS患者早期检测ELA、APLN和NO可能有助于避免PCOS的加重。
{"title":"Elabela, Nitric Oxide and Apelin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.04.03.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.04.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major health issue amid fertile-aged women in all society. Therefore, we investigated levels of Elabela (ELA), Apelin (APLN), and Nitric Oxide (NO) in women with and without PCOS, and to identify whether there is any association between ELA, APLN, NO and metabolic parameters. 27 PCOS and 30 control subjects were included. ELA, APLN and NO levels were analyzed by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Both groups demonstrated no significant difference in terms of age and Body mass index (BMI), Insulin, HOMA-IR, Ferriman–Gallwey score, and free testosterone were significantly higher (p < 0.05), whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and estradiol (E2) levels were lower in women with the PCOS than that of controls. Lower ELA levels [(28.6 versus 39.4) ng/ml, p<0.05], and lower NO [(194.8 versus 322.5) µmol/L, p <0.001], and higher APLN levels [(478.7 versus 388.4) pg/ml, p <0.05] were reported in PCOS patients compared to controls. ELA and NO are significantly down regulated while APLN (p<0.05) is significantly up regulated (p<0.05) in PCOS patients compared to controls. Based on the findings of this study, decreased ELA and NO, increased APLN levels may be considered as potential regulators of glucose and fat metabolism in PCOS patients. It was also assumed that early measurement of ELA, APLN and NO in PCOS cases might help to avoid the aggravation of PCOS.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78706939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afshin PourMirza, A. M. Attia, M. Tawil, Dina A Amin
Introduction: Prenatal WES analysis is currently required in prenatal diagnosis in case of multiple congenital anomalies and in families where some genetic diseases are reported. However, with development of prenatal WES, practitioners are sometimes facing a lot of challenge regarding interpretation of the genetic results. Method: Prenatal WES analysis. Result: Detection of two different RTTN gene transcripts in fetal WES. One of the transcripts showed RTTN homozygous gene mutation while the other transcript was normal. Discussion: This result emphasizes difficulty of genetic counselling in case of absence of prenatal radiological findings or late findings. Conservative fetal follow up was advised because of absence of any positive radiological finding. Conclusion: This article presents the multidisciplinary approach in prenatal and postnatal counselling for cases with quiry fetal genetic findings and illustrates the urgent need for development of transcriptome analysis for the fetus with WES findings of uncertain significance.
{"title":"Effects of RTTN Gene Mutations and the Need for Complementary cDNA Analysis for Some Transcripts","authors":"Afshin PourMirza, A. M. Attia, M. Tawil, Dina A Amin","doi":"10.33140/jgrm.04.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgrm.04.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prenatal WES analysis is currently required in prenatal diagnosis in case of multiple congenital anomalies and in families where some genetic diseases are reported. However, with development of prenatal WES, practitioners are sometimes facing a lot of challenge regarding interpretation of the genetic results. Method: Prenatal WES analysis. Result: Detection of two different RTTN gene transcripts in fetal WES. One of the transcripts showed RTTN homozygous gene mutation while the other transcript was normal. Discussion: This result emphasizes difficulty of genetic counselling in case of absence of prenatal radiological findings or late findings. Conservative fetal follow up was advised because of absence of any positive radiological finding. Conclusion: This article presents the multidisciplinary approach in prenatal and postnatal counselling for cases with quiry fetal genetic findings and illustrates the urgent need for development of transcriptome analysis for the fetus with WES findings of uncertain significance.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80680840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Stress urinary incontinence is one of the diseases that change the quality of life of women. Although there are various medical and surgical treatment modalities exist, transobturator tape surgery is one of the current options with the least complication rates. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate sexual functional results after the transobturator tape procedure. study design: Data were taken from those cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies that were done with human subjects in full texts, were written in the English language. Results: A total of 24 clinical trials were evaluated. The most frequently administered scales were the female sexual function index and The Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire -12. In total, 8 clinical studies employed female sexual function index whereas 8 clinical studies administered Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire -12. 4 of these studies tried to understand women’s sexual functions through questions determined by the researchers (N/A). 2 of the other studies used the Sexual Impact Questionnaire and a visual analogue scale, 1 study used Nine Questions on Sexual Functioning (NSF-9) and 1 study used International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Vaginal Symptoms Module (ICIQ-VS). It was found that transobturator tape surgery that is performed for incontinence produces positive results on both sexual functions and urinary functions. Conclusion: Maintaining urinary continence is detected to directly be correlated with sexual functions. It is of high importance that before initiating surgical treatments, clinicians should give the patients a detailed medical examination in terms of both urinary and sexual functions.
{"title":"The Effect of Transobturator Tape Surgery on Female Sexual Functions: A Systematic Review","authors":"E. Yıldırım, N. Duman, U. Gorkem, Ozgur Kan","doi":"10.21613/gorm.2020.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21613/gorm.2020.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Stress urinary incontinence is one of the diseases that change the quality of life of women. Although there are various medical and surgical treatment modalities exist, transobturator tape surgery is one of the current options with the least complication rates. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate sexual functional results after the transobturator tape procedure. study design: Data were taken from those cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies that were done with human subjects in full texts, were written in the English language. Results: A total of 24 clinical trials were evaluated. The most frequently administered scales were the female sexual function index and The Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire -12. In total, 8 clinical studies employed female sexual function index whereas 8 clinical studies administered Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire -12. 4 of these studies tried to understand women’s sexual functions through questions determined by the researchers (N/A). 2 of the other studies used the Sexual Impact Questionnaire and a visual analogue scale, 1 study used Nine Questions on Sexual Functioning (NSF-9) and 1 study used International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Vaginal Symptoms Module (ICIQ-VS). It was found that transobturator tape surgery that is performed for incontinence produces positive results on both sexual functions and urinary functions. Conclusion: Maintaining urinary continence is detected to directly be correlated with sexual functions. It is of high importance that before initiating surgical treatments, clinicians should give the patients a detailed medical examination in terms of both urinary and sexual functions.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79208587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities has two components i.e. prenatal screening (maternal serum screening and cell-free fetal DNA screening) and prenatal diagnosis (chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and cordocentesis). Prenatal testing in the past decade is evolving towards non-invasive methods to determine the chromosome abnormality disorders in the fetus without incurring the risk of miscarriage. Conventional tools for prenatal screening included maternal age, maternal serum markers, ultrasound marker (nuchal thickness), and their combinations. With the increased risk of screening test patients were offered diagnostic tests (chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and cordocentesis). After the availability of noninvasive prenatal tests for commercial use in 2011, a great marketing drive is there to establish it as a master tool for prenatal testing. However various society guidelines i.e. ACOG, RCOG, and ISUOG have clearly stated that cell-free fetal DNA based noninvasive prenatal tests is a screening test, not a diagnostic test. In the succeeding paragraph, we will review current trends in the field of cell-free fetal DNA noninvasive prenatal tests and the relevance of invasive testing in the context of noninvasive prenatal tests. Noninvasive prenatal tests does not entirely replace invasive prenatal testing procedures. Positive noninvasive prenatal tests findings must be confirmed by diagnostic tests based on an invasive sample source, mainly chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis due to false positive and false negative reports of cell-free fetal DNA based tests. Continuing research and development efforts are focused on overriding noninvasive prenatal tests limitations. Recent studies show that procedure-associated risks in the case of prenatal invasive testing are very low as compared to previous studies. Prenatal invasive testing will remain as the backbone of prenatal diagnostic testing until the limitation of noninvasive prenatal tests is overcome.
{"title":"Relevance of Invasive Testing in Era of Non-Invasive Testing for Prenatal Chromosomal Abnormalities","authors":"Abhijeet Kumar, M. Dey, D. Arora","doi":"10.21613/gorm.2020.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21613/gorm.2020.1081","url":null,"abstract":"Prenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities has two components i.e. prenatal screening (maternal serum screening and cell-free fetal DNA screening) and prenatal diagnosis (chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and cordocentesis). Prenatal testing in the past decade is evolving towards non-invasive methods to determine the chromosome abnormality disorders in the fetus without incurring the risk of miscarriage. Conventional tools for prenatal screening included maternal age, maternal serum markers, ultrasound marker (nuchal thickness), and their combinations. With the increased risk of screening test patients were offered diagnostic tests (chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and cordocentesis). After the availability of noninvasive prenatal tests for commercial use in 2011, a great marketing drive is there to establish it as a master tool for prenatal testing. However various society guidelines i.e. ACOG, RCOG, and ISUOG have clearly stated that cell-free fetal DNA based noninvasive prenatal tests is a screening test, not a diagnostic test. In the succeeding paragraph, we will review current trends in the field of cell-free fetal DNA noninvasive prenatal tests and the relevance of invasive testing in the context of noninvasive prenatal tests. Noninvasive prenatal tests does not entirely replace invasive prenatal testing procedures. Positive noninvasive prenatal tests findings must be confirmed by diagnostic tests based on an invasive sample source, mainly chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis due to false positive and false negative reports of cell-free fetal DNA based tests. Continuing research and development efforts are focused on overriding noninvasive prenatal tests limitations. Recent studies show that procedure-associated risks in the case of prenatal invasive testing are very low as compared to previous studies. Prenatal invasive testing will remain as the backbone of prenatal diagnostic testing until the limitation of noninvasive prenatal tests is overcome.","PeriodicalId":93778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of gynecology, clinical obstetrics and reproductive medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84335041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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