Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241275215
Tong-Tong Ying, Li-Ying Zhuang, Shan-Hu Xu, Shu-Feng Zhang, Li-Jun Huang, Wei-Wei Gao, Lu Liu, Qi-Lun Lai, Yue Lou, Xiao-Li Liu
Objective: To assess the role of Machine Learning (ML) in identification critical factors of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.
Methods: 371 elderly individuals were ultimately included in the ML analysis. Demographic information (including gender, age, parity, visual acuity, auditory function, mobility, and medication history) and 35 features from 10 assessment scales were used for modeling. Five machine learning classifiers were used for evaluation, employing a procedure involving feature extraction, selection, model training, and performance assessment to identify key indicative factors.
Results: The Random Forest model, after data preprocessing, Information Gain, and Meta-analysis, utilized three training features and four meta-features, achieving an area under the curve of 0.961 and a accuracy of 0.894, showcasing exceptional accuracy for the identification of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.
Conclusions: ML serves as a identification tool for dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Using Information Gain and Meta-feature analysis, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scale information emerged as crucial for training the Random Forest model.
{"title":"Identification of Dementia & Mild Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Elderly Using Machine Learning.","authors":"Tong-Tong Ying, Li-Ying Zhuang, Shan-Hu Xu, Shu-Feng Zhang, Li-Jun Huang, Wei-Wei Gao, Lu Liu, Qi-Lun Lai, Yue Lou, Xiao-Li Liu","doi":"10.1177/15333175241275215","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241275215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the role of Machine Learning (ML) in identification critical factors of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>371 elderly individuals were ultimately included in the ML analysis. Demographic information (including gender, age, parity, visual acuity, auditory function, mobility, and medication history) and 35 features from 10 assessment scales were used for modeling. Five machine learning classifiers were used for evaluation, employing a procedure involving feature extraction, selection, model training, and performance assessment to identify key indicative factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Random Forest model, after data preprocessing, Information Gain, and Meta-analysis, utilized three training features and four meta-features, achieving an area under the curve of 0.961 and a accuracy of 0.894, showcasing exceptional accuracy for the identification of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ML serves as a identification tool for dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Using Information Gain and Meta-feature analysis, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scale information emerged as crucial for training the Random Forest model.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175231222695
Ye Li, Yiqing Wu, Qi Luo, Xuanjie Ye, Jie Chen, Yuanlin Su, Ke Zhao, Xinmin Li, Jing Lin, Zhiqian Tong, Qi Wang, Dongwu Xu
Introduction: To evaluate whether both acute and chronic low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) affect brain functions of healthy male and female mice. Methods: Ultrasound (frequency: 1.5 MHz; pulse: 1.0 kHz; spatial average temporal average (SATA) intensity: 25 mW/cm2; and pulse duty cycle: 20%) was applied at mouse head in acute test for 20 minutes, and in chronic experiment for consecutive 10 days, respectively. Behaviors were then evaluated. Results: Both acute and chronic LIPUS at 25 mW/cm2 exposure did not affect the abilities of movements, mating, social interaction, and anxiety-like behaviors in the male and female mice. However, physical restraint caused struggle-like behaviors and short-time memory deficits in chronic LIPUS groups in the male mice. Conclusion: LIPUS at 25 mW/cm2 itself does not affect brain functions, while physical restraint for LIPUS therapy elicits struggle-like behaviors in the male mice. An unbound helmet targeted with ultrasound intensity at 25-50 mW/cm2 is proposed for clinical brain disease therapy.
{"title":"Neuropsychiatric Behavioral Assessments in Mice After Acute and Long-Term Treatments of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound.","authors":"Ye Li, Yiqing Wu, Qi Luo, Xuanjie Ye, Jie Chen, Yuanlin Su, Ke Zhao, Xinmin Li, Jing Lin, Zhiqian Tong, Qi Wang, Dongwu Xu","doi":"10.1177/15333175231222695","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175231222695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> To evaluate whether both acute and chronic low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) affect brain functions of healthy male and female mice. <b>Methods:</b> Ultrasound (frequency: 1.5 MHz; pulse: 1.0 kHz; spatial average temporal average (SATA) intensity: 25 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>; and pulse duty cycle: 20%) was applied at mouse head in acute test for 20 minutes, and in chronic experiment for consecutive 10 days, respectively. Behaviors were then evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Both acute and chronic LIPUS at 25 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> exposure did not affect the abilities of movements, mating, social interaction, and anxiety-like behaviors in the male and female mice. However, physical restraint caused struggle-like behaviors and short-time memory deficits in chronic LIPUS groups in the male mice. <b>Conclusion:</b> LIPUS at 25 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> itself does not affect brain functions, while physical restraint for LIPUS therapy elicits struggle-like behaviors in the male mice. An unbound helmet targeted with ultrasound intensity at 25-50 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> is proposed for clinical brain disease therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10771054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241241168
Alinka C Fisher, Katrina Reschke, Nijashree Shah, Sau Cheung, Claire O'Connor, Olivier Piguet
Objectives: This study examined the acceptability and usefulness of Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) training in enhancing the capabilities of support staff and family members providing behaviour support to residents with dementia in residential aged care (RAC).
Methods: A mixed-methods pilot study was conducted across 3 RAC organisations, involving pre- and post-training questionnaire assessments for clinical leaders (n = 8), support staff (n = 37) and family members (n = 18).
Results: Findings indicated increased confidence among support staff and family members in providing behaviour support, with 96% indicating it would support their practices across settings. Key training benefits included identifying and addressing underlying causes of challenging behaviours. A majority (89%) expressed the need for further behaviour support training.
Conclusion: Recommendations focus on developing systems to enable effective and collaborative behaviour support practices. Further research is needed to examine application of PBS principles and planning for residents living with dementia.
{"title":"<i>\"It's Opened My Eyes to a Whole New World\":</i> Positive Behaviour Support Training for Staff and Family Members Supporting Residents With Dementia in Aged Care Settings.","authors":"Alinka C Fisher, Katrina Reschke, Nijashree Shah, Sau Cheung, Claire O'Connor, Olivier Piguet","doi":"10.1177/15333175241241168","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241241168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the acceptability and usefulness of Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) training in enhancing the capabilities of support staff and family members providing behaviour support to residents with dementia in residential aged care (RAC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods pilot study was conducted across 3 RAC organisations, involving pre- and post-training questionnaire assessments for clinical leaders (n = 8), support staff (n = 37) and family members (n = 18).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicated increased confidence among support staff and family members in providing behaviour support, with 96% indicating it would support their practices across settings. Key training benefits included identifying and addressing underlying causes of challenging behaviours. A majority (89%) expressed the need for further behaviour support training.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recommendations focus on developing systems to enable effective and collaborative behaviour support practices. Further research is needed to examine application of PBS principles and planning for residents living with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10976499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140308231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241271910
Ji Zhang, Ze-Yu Hong, Liu Yang, Xiao-Jia Li, Fang Ye
Objectives: Neuropsychological test batteries, which accurately and comprehensively assess cognitive functions, are a crucial approach in the early detection of and interventions for cognitive impairments. However, these tests have yet to gain wide clinical application in China owing to their complexity and time-consuming nature. This study aimed to develop the Computerized Neurocognitive Battery for Chinese-Speaking participants (CNBC), an autorun and autoscoring cognitive assessment tool to provide efficient and accurate cognitive evaluations for Chinese-Speaking individuals.
Methods: The CNBC was developed through collaboration between clinical neurologists and software engineers. Qualified volunteers were recruited to complete CNBC and traditional neurocognitive batteries. The reliability and validity of the CNBC were evaluated by analyzing the correlations between the measurements obtained from the computerized and the paper-based assessment and those between software-based scoring and manual scoring.
Results: The CNBC included 4 subtests and an autorun version. Eighty-six volunteers aged 51-82 years with 7-22 years of education were included. Significant correlations (0.256-0.666) were observed between paired measures associated with attention, executive function, and episodic memory from the CNBC and the traditional paper-based neurocognitive batteries. This suggests a strong construct validity of the CNBC in assessing these cognitive domains. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between manual scoring and system scoring ranged from 0.904-1.0, indicating excellent inter-rater reliability for the CNBC.
Interpretation: A novel CNBC equipped with automated testing and scoring features was developed in this study. The preliminary results confirm its strong reliability and validity, indicating its promising potential for clinical utilization.
{"title":"Development and Validation of an Automatic Computerized Neurocognitive Battery in Chinese.","authors":"Ji Zhang, Ze-Yu Hong, Liu Yang, Xiao-Jia Li, Fang Ye","doi":"10.1177/15333175241271910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15333175241271910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Neuropsychological test batteries, which accurately and comprehensively assess cognitive functions, are a crucial approach in the early detection of and interventions for cognitive impairments. However, these tests have yet to gain wide clinical application in China owing to their complexity and time-consuming nature. This study aimed to develop the Computerized Neurocognitive Battery for Chinese-Speaking participants (CNBC), an autorun and autoscoring cognitive assessment tool to provide efficient and accurate cognitive evaluations for Chinese-Speaking individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CNBC was developed through collaboration between clinical neurologists and software engineers. Qualified volunteers were recruited to complete CNBC and traditional neurocognitive batteries. The reliability and validity of the CNBC were evaluated by analyzing the correlations between the measurements obtained from the computerized and the paper-based assessment and those between software-based scoring and manual scoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CNBC included 4 subtests and an autorun version. Eighty-six volunteers aged 51-82 years with 7-22 years of education were included. Significant correlations (0.256-0.666) were observed between paired measures associated with attention, executive function, and episodic memory from the CNBC and the traditional paper-based neurocognitive batteries. This suggests a strong construct validity of the CNBC in assessing these cognitive domains. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between manual scoring and system scoring ranged from 0.904-1.0, indicating excellent inter-rater reliability for the CNBC.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>A novel CNBC equipped with automated testing and scoring features was developed in this study. The preliminary results confirm its strong reliability and validity, indicating its promising potential for clinical utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241241891
Jungjoo Lee, Junhyoung Kim, Hyo Jin Ju, Sang Joon An, Bomi Woo
This study investigated a dose-response relationship between Leisure-Time Physical Activity participation (LTPA) and the risk of diabetes and a comparison of the risk across different cognitive function groups among older adults. The Health and Retirement Study data were used from 2012 to 2020 (n = 18 746). This study conducted a Cox Proportional Hazard Regression to investigate the Dose-Response Curve between the prevalence of diabetes and the covariates following a level of LTPA participation. The result presented that the Odds Ratio continuously decreased as the level of LTPA participation increased. Among the three cognitive function groups, the high group (OR = .43, P < .05) and the mid group (OR = .71, P < .05) had a larger negative slope coefficient than the low group. This study found that LTPA participation reduces the risk of diabetes and gives evidence for the importance of cognitive function in reducing the prevalence of diabetes.
{"title":"A Longitudinal Dose-Response Curve Between Leisure-Time Physical Activity and the Prevalence of Diabetes Based on the Different Levels of Cognitive Function Among Older Adults.","authors":"Jungjoo Lee, Junhyoung Kim, Hyo Jin Ju, Sang Joon An, Bomi Woo","doi":"10.1177/15333175241241891","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241241891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated a dose-response relationship between Leisure-Time Physical Activity participation (LTPA) and the risk of diabetes and a comparison of the risk across different cognitive function groups among older adults. The Health and Retirement Study data were used from 2012 to 2020 (n = 18 746). This study conducted a Cox Proportional Hazard Regression to investigate the Dose-Response Curve between the prevalence of diabetes and the covariates following a level of LTPA participation. The result presented that the Odds Ratio continuously decreased as the level of LTPA participation increased. Among the three cognitive function groups, the high group (OR = .43, <i>P</i> < .05) and the mid group (OR = .71, <i>P</i> < .05) had a larger negative slope coefficient than the low group. This study found that LTPA participation reduces the risk of diabetes and gives evidence for the importance of cognitive function in reducing the prevalence of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11072067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241272025
Anupa Ekanayake, Senal Peiris, Biyar Ahmed, Sangam Kanekar, Cooper Grove, Deepak Kalra, Paul Eslinger, Qing Yang, Prasanna Karunanayaka
Several risk factors contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including genetics, metabolic health, cardiovascular history, and diet. It has been observed that women appear to face a higher risk of developing AD. Among the various hypotheses surrounding the gender disparity in AD, one pertains to the potential neuroprotective properties of estrogen. Compared to men, women are believed to be more susceptible to neuropathology due to the significant decline in circulating estrogen levels following menopause. Studies have shown, however, that estrogen replacement therapies in post-menopausal women do not consistently reduce the risk of AD. While menopause and estrogen levels are potential factors in the elevated incidence rates of AD among women, this review highlights the possible roles estrogen has in other pathways that may also contribute to the sex disparity observed in AD such as olfaction, sleep, and glymphatic functionality.
{"title":"A Review of the Role of Estrogens in Olfaction, Sleep and Glymphatic Functionality in Relation to Sex Disparity in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Anupa Ekanayake, Senal Peiris, Biyar Ahmed, Sangam Kanekar, Cooper Grove, Deepak Kalra, Paul Eslinger, Qing Yang, Prasanna Karunanayaka","doi":"10.1177/15333175241272025","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241272025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several risk factors contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including genetics, metabolic health, cardiovascular history, and diet. It has been observed that women appear to face a higher risk of developing AD. Among the various hypotheses surrounding the gender disparity in AD, one pertains to the potential neuroprotective properties of estrogen. Compared to men, women are believed to be more susceptible to neuropathology due to the significant decline in circulating estrogen levels following menopause. Studies have shown, however, that estrogen replacement therapies in post-menopausal women do not consistently reduce the risk of AD. While menopause and estrogen levels are potential factors in the elevated incidence rates of AD among women, this review highlights the possible roles estrogen has in other pathways that may also contribute to the sex disparity observed in AD such as olfaction, sleep, and glymphatic functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11311174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241256803
Sun-Wung Hsieh, Shih-Fen Hsiao, Lih-Jiun Liaw, Ling-Chun Huang, Yuan-Han Yang
Introduction: Multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPI) have been determined as effective in delaying cognitive deterioration. The effectiveness of timing of such interventions in elderly is less discussed. We compared the different effectiveness of MNPI in cognitive preservation in elderly subjects with and without dementia.
Methods: We enrolled volunteer the elderly subjects. Subjects were classified as dementia group and non-dementia group by instrument of ascertainment of dementia 8. All were assigned to attend 3 hours of MNPI (physical fitness training, Chinese capillary, and Chinese drawings and paintings) twice a week over a 16-week period. Neuropsychiatric tests, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), were administered before and 1 year after MNPI. We demonstrated the changes of cognition and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) before and after MNPI. We compared the different effectiveness of cognition preservation between two groups.
Results: In total, there were 43 participants in our study, including 18 with non-dementia and 25 with dementia. The non-dementia group had a significantly higher proportion of cognitive preservation in remote memory (100.0% vs 68.0%, P = .007), orientation (94.4% vs 48.0%, P = .001), drawing (94.4% vs 64.0%, P = .021) and language (77.8% vs 48.0%, P = .049) than the dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was remote memory (100%), followed by orientation (94.4%) and drawing (94.4%) in the non-dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was attention (72%) followed by remote memory (68%), recent memory (64%) and drawing (64%) in the dementia group. Overall, their improved rate in behavioral and psychological symptoms was 55.6%.
Conclusion: Our study concluded the benefits of early MNPI in cognition preservation in the elderly, especially in the field of remote memory, orientation, drawing and language.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Early Multimodal Non-pharmacological Interventions in Cognitive Preservation in the Elderly.","authors":"Sun-Wung Hsieh, Shih-Fen Hsiao, Lih-Jiun Liaw, Ling-Chun Huang, Yuan-Han Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175241256803","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241256803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPI) have been determined as effective in delaying cognitive deterioration. The effectiveness of timing of such interventions in elderly is less discussed. We compared the different effectiveness of MNPI in cognitive preservation in elderly subjects with and without dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled volunteer the elderly subjects. Subjects were classified as dementia group and non-dementia group by instrument of ascertainment of dementia 8. All were assigned to attend 3 hours of MNPI (physical fitness training, Chinese capillary, and Chinese drawings and paintings) twice a week over a 16-week period. Neuropsychiatric tests, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), were administered before and 1 year after MNPI. We demonstrated the changes of cognition and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) before and after MNPI. We compared the different effectiveness of cognition preservation between two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, there were 43 participants in our study, including 18 with non-dementia and 25 with dementia. The non-dementia group had a significantly higher proportion of cognitive preservation in remote memory (100.0% vs 68.0%, <i>P</i> = .007), orientation (94.4% vs 48.0%, <i>P</i> = .001), drawing (94.4% vs 64.0%, <i>P</i> = .021) and language (77.8% vs 48.0%, <i>P</i> = .049) than the dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was remote memory (100%), followed by orientation (94.4%) and drawing (94.4%) in the non-dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was attention (72%) followed by remote memory (68%), recent memory (64%) and drawing (64%) in the dementia group. Overall, their improved rate in behavioral and psychological symptoms was 55.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study concluded the benefits of early MNPI in cognition preservation in the elderly, especially in the field of remote memory, orientation, drawing and language.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241257849
Maria Isabel Cardona, Melanie Luppa, Andrea Zülke, Eric S Kroeber, Alexander Bauer, Juliane Döhring, Catharina Escales, Christian Brettschneider, Thomas Frese, Robert P Kosilek, Jochen Gensichen, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Hans-Helmut König, Birgitt Wiese, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Jochen René Thyrian
While regular physical-activity (PA) is beneficial, multimorbid individuals at increased dementia risk may exhibit reduced PA levels. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of mediating factors responsible for inactivity in this population is needed. This study investigated the impact of a multimodal intervention on PA changes at 24-month follow-up and associated mediating factors among community-dwelling patients aged 60-77, with increased dementia risk determined by the CAIDE Dementia Risk Score. Of 1030 participants recruited, 819 completed the assessment. Thus, a generalized estimating equations model initially assessed differences in PA over 24 months, followed by a tree analysis identifying mediating factors influencing PA changes post-intervention. While no significant effect on regular PA was found during the follow-up (P = .674), subgroup analysis revealed improved self-efficacy (P = .000) associated with increased engagement in PA. Incorporating self-efficacy elements into future strategies is crucial for promoting PA among individuals with multimorbidity and at increased dementia risk.
虽然定期进行体育锻炼(PA)有益,但痴呆症风险增加的多病人群的体育锻炼水平可能会降低。因此,需要更全面地了解造成这一人群缺乏运动的中介因素。本研究调查了多模式干预在 24 个月随访期间对活动量变化的影响以及相关的中介因素,研究对象为 60-77 岁的社区居民患者,他们的痴呆风险增加是由 CAIDE 痴呆风险评分决定的。在招募的 1030 名参与者中,有 819 人完成了评估。因此,广义估计方程模型首先评估了 24 个月内 PA 的差异,然后进行树状分析,确定影响干预后 PA 变化的中介因素。虽然在随访期间没有发现对常规 PA 有明显影响(P = .674),但亚组分析显示,自我效能的提高(P = .000)与 PA 参与度的增加有关。在未来的策略中融入自我效能元素对于促进多病和痴呆症风险增加人群的体育锻炼至关重要。
{"title":"Mediating Factors Associated With Physical Activity in Older Adults at Increased Dementia Risk.","authors":"Maria Isabel Cardona, Melanie Luppa, Andrea Zülke, Eric S Kroeber, Alexander Bauer, Juliane Döhring, Catharina Escales, Christian Brettschneider, Thomas Frese, Robert P Kosilek, Jochen Gensichen, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Hans-Helmut König, Birgitt Wiese, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Jochen René Thyrian","doi":"10.1177/15333175241257849","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241257849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While regular physical-activity (PA) is beneficial, multimorbid individuals at increased dementia risk may exhibit reduced PA levels. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of mediating factors responsible for inactivity in this population is needed. This study investigated the impact of a multimodal intervention on PA changes at 24-month follow-up and associated mediating factors among community-dwelling patients aged 60-77, with increased dementia risk determined by the CAIDE Dementia Risk Score. Of 1030 participants recruited, 819 completed the assessment. Thus, a generalized estimating equations model initially assessed differences in PA over 24 months, followed by a tree analysis identifying mediating factors influencing PA changes post-intervention. While no significant effect on regular PA was found during the follow-up (<i>P</i> = .674), subgroup analysis revealed improved self-efficacy (<i>P</i> = .000) associated with increased engagement in PA. Incorporating self-efficacy elements into future strategies is crucial for promoting PA among individuals with multimorbidity and at increased dementia risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241276443
Julian Hirt, Thomas Beer, Stefano Cavalli, Stefano Cereghetti, Elia R G Pusterla, Adelheid Zeller
Study recruitment of persons with dementia is challenging. We aimed to assess facilitators, barriers, and strategies to identify and approach persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. We systematically searched MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and other sources (ORRCA [Online Resource for Research in Clinical triAls]; pertinent evidence syntheses; citation searching) and narratively summarised the results (PROSPERO CRD42022342600). Facilitators and barriers consisted of "characteristics of participants, researchers, clinical contact persons", "study characteristics", and "communication with participants". The highest number of participants were recruited by study information in electronic and print formats, as well as by networking and collaboration. Advertisements proved to be the most expensive way of recruitment. There is limited evidence on the impact of recruitment strategies to identify persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. Our analysis of facilitators and barriers may inform research teams in designing strategies to identify persons with dementia for recruitment purposes.
痴呆症患者的研究招募具有挑战性。我们的目的是评估痴呆症护理研究招募痴呆症患者的促进因素、障碍以及识别和接触痴呆症患者的策略。我们系统地检索了 MEDLINE/PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science 和其他来源(ORRCA [Online Resource for Research in Clinical triAls];相关证据综述;引文检索),并对结果进行了叙述性总结(PROSPERO CRD42022342600)。促进因素和障碍包括 "参与者、研究人员、临床联系人的特点"、"研究特点 "和 "与参与者的沟通"。通过电子和印刷形式的研究信息以及网络和合作招募的参与者人数最多。事实证明,广告是最昂贵的招募方式。关于痴呆症护理研究招募痴呆症患者的招募策略的影响,目前证据有限。我们对促进因素和障碍的分析可以为研究团队设计招募痴呆症患者的策略提供参考。
{"title":"Recruiting Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review of Facilitators, Barriers, and Strategies.","authors":"Julian Hirt, Thomas Beer, Stefano Cavalli, Stefano Cereghetti, Elia R G Pusterla, Adelheid Zeller","doi":"10.1177/15333175241276443","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241276443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study recruitment of persons with dementia is challenging. We aimed to assess facilitators, barriers, and strategies to identify and approach persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. We systematically searched MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and other sources (ORRCA [Online Resource for Research in Clinical triAls]; pertinent evidence syntheses; citation searching) and narratively summarised the results (PROSPERO CRD42022342600). Facilitators and barriers consisted of \"characteristics of participants, researchers, clinical contact persons\", \"study characteristics\", and \"communication with participants\". The highest number of participants were recruited by study information in electronic and print formats, as well as by networking and collaboration. Advertisements proved to be the most expensive way of recruitment. There is limited evidence on the impact of recruitment strategies to identify persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. Our analysis of facilitators and barriers may inform research teams in designing strategies to identify persons with dementia for recruitment purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11322929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15333175241227318
Fan Wu, Chenxi Zhou
ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive function and the mediating role of social isolation and depression. Methods: Data came from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study wave. A self-reported item, a composite index, the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Exam were used to measure hearing impairment, social isolation, depression, and cognitive function, respectively. Mediation analysis was performed. Results: 6799 participants were included. For participants reporting mild hearing impairment and severe hearing impairment, there were significant direct and indirect effects on cognitive function. Social isolation mediated 2.75% and 6.33% of the relationship between mild hearing impairment, severe hearing impairment, and cognitive function, respectively. The direct effect of hearing impairment outweighed the mediation effect of social isolation on cognitive function. Conclusions: Decreased cognitive function linked to hearing impairment might benefit from addressing hearing impairment and social isolation in older adults.
{"title":"Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Function: Mediating Role of Social Isolation and Depression.","authors":"Fan Wu, Chenxi Zhou","doi":"10.1177/15333175241227318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241227318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive function and the mediating role of social isolation and depression. <b>Methods:</b> Data came from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study wave. A self-reported item, a composite index, the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Exam were used to measure hearing impairment, social isolation, depression, and cognitive function, respectively. Mediation analysis was performed. <b>Results:</b> 6799 participants were included. For participants reporting mild hearing impairment and severe hearing impairment, there were significant direct and indirect effects on cognitive function. Social isolation mediated 2.75% and 6.33% of the relationship between mild hearing impairment, severe hearing impairment, and cognitive function, respectively. The direct effect of hearing impairment outweighed the mediation effect of social isolation on cognitive function. <b>Conclusions:</b> Decreased cognitive function linked to hearing impairment might benefit from addressing hearing impairment and social isolation in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}