Experimental gerontology最新文献_第5页

Strength but not power training increases soluble alpha klotho levels in pre-frail older adults 力量训练而非力量训练可增加体弱前老年人的可溶性α -克洛索水平。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113002

Michaela Rippl , Martin Bidlingmaier , Linda Deissler , Sebastian Martini , Katharina Mueller , Sabine Schluessel , Ralf Schmidmaier , Júnia R.O.L. Schweizer , Olivia Tausendfreund , Laura Welscher , Michael Drey

Background

Loss of physical function is a growing health concern in aging populations. Resistance training, including strength training (ST) and power training (PT), is the main therapeutic approach, yet evidence regarding the most effective modality remains inconsistent. Soluble alpha klotho (sαKL) is a protein increasingly recognized for its role in muscle function and may serve as a biomarker of training responsiveness due to its association with aging, muscle integrity, and exercise-induced adaptions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether ST and PT differentially influence sαKL levels in older adults.

Methods

69 prefrail, community-dwelling older adults (65–94 years) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of ST, PT, or a control group (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00783159). In a post hoc analysis serum sαKL levels and physical performance measures before and after the intervention were analyzed.

Results

23 participants were allocated to ST, 24 to PT and 22 to the control group. The participants had a mean age of 77 years, 70 % were female. There were no baseline differences between groups. Both ST and PT led to significant improvements in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) but only ST increased sαKL levels.

Conclusion

Twelve weeks of ST, but not PT, significantly increased circulating sαKL levels in pre-frail older adults. Given the beneficial health effects of increased sαKL, these findings suggest that ST may offer additional biological advantages relevant to healthy aging. sαKL may serve as a promising biomarker for training-induced adaptions, but prospective trials are needed to confirm long-term effects and further clarify underlying mechanisms.

背景：身体机能丧失是老年人日益关注的健康问题。阻力训练，包括力量训练（ST）和力量训练（PT），是主要的治疗方法，但关于最有效的方式的证据仍然不一致。可溶性α - klotho （s - α kl）是一种越来越被认为在肌肉功能中起作用的蛋白质，由于其与衰老、肌肉完整性和运动诱导适应相关，可能作为训练反应性的生物标志物。因此，我们旨在研究ST和PT对老年人s - α kl水平的影响是否存在差异。方法：69名身体虚弱的社区老年人（65-94 岁）被随机分配到12 周的ST、PT或对照组（ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00783159）。在事后分析中，分析了干预前后血清s - α kl水平和体能指标。结果：ST组23人，PT组24人，对照组22人。参与者的平均年龄为77 岁，其中70 %为女性。两组之间没有基线差异。ST和PT均能显著改善短物理性能电池（SPPB），但只有ST能提高s - α kl水平。结论：12周ST治疗，而非PT治疗，显著提高了体弱前老年人的循环s - α kl水平。考虑到s - α kl的增加对健康的有益影响，这些发现表明ST可能具有与健康衰老相关的额外生物学优势。s - α kl可能作为一种有希望的训练诱导适应的生物标志物，但需要前瞻性试验来证实其长期效应并进一步阐明其潜在机制。

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引用次数: 0

Blood neurofilament light chain in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis 多发性硬化症患者血液神经丝轻链：一项系统综述和最新荟萃分析

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112992

Rasoul Ebrahimi , Mojtaba Seifi , Mohammad Mahdi Masouri , Melika Ravari Nejad , Ghazal Azad , Amir Hossein Kabiri , Shokoofe Noori

Background

This study aims to thoroughly evaluate blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to controls and across various MS subtypes.

Methods

We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science up to February 20, 2025, focusing on studies that reported blood NfL levels in individuals with MS and in control groups. Effect sizes were determined using Hedges' g, applying a random effects model for significant heterogeneity (I² > 50 %), and a fixed effects model otherwise.

Results

From 1380 records, 68 studies with a total of 19,159 participants were included. Blood NfL levels were significantly higher in MS patients compared to controls (SMD = 0.78; 95 % CI [0.67, 0.89], p < 0.001; I² = 87.29 %). We also found elevated NfL levels in all major MS subtypes: RRMS (SMD = 0.71; 95 % CI [0.52, 0.91], p < 0.001; I² = 90.26 %), SPMS (SMD = 0.94; 95 % CI [0.60, 1.28], p < 0.001; I² = 88.43 %), PPMS (SMD = 0.79; 95 % CI [0.16, 1.42], p = 0.01; I² = 95.75 %), and combined PMS (SMD = 0.96; 95 % CI [0.79, 1.12], p < 0.001; I² = 80.28 %) compared to controls. Also, GFAP levels were significantly higher in PMS than in RRMS.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the potential of blood NfL as a useful biomarker for tracking disease progression and distinguishing MS subtypes. However, additional studies are essential to confirm its effectiveness in clinical settings (Graphical abstract).

本研究旨在全面评估多发性硬化症（MS）患者血液神经丝轻链（NfL）水平，并与对照组和不同MS亚型进行比较。方法：我们对PubMed和Web of Science进行了系统的检索，检索截止到2025年2月20日，重点研究报告了MS患者和对照组血液中NfL水平的研究。使用Hedges' g确定效应大小，对于显著异质性（I2 > 50%）采用随机效应模型，否则采用固定效应模型。结果从1380份记录中，共纳入68项研究，共19,159名参与者。与对照组相比，MS患者血液中NfL水平显著升高（SMD = 0.78; 95% CI [0.67, 0.89], p < 0.001; I2 = 87.29%）。我们还发现橄榄球水平升高在所有主要亚型女士:名RRMS (SMD = 0.71; 95%可信区间[0.52,0.91],p & lt; 0.001; I2 = 90.26%), spm (SMD = 0.94; 95%可信区间[0.60,1.28],p & lt; 0.001; I2 = 88.43%),项目组合管理系统(SMD = 0.79; 95%可信区间[0.16,1.42],p = 0.01; I2 = 95.75%),并经前综合症(SMD = 0.96; 95%可信区间[0.79,1.12],p & lt; 0.001; I2 = 80.28%)相比,控制。此外，PMS患者的GFAP水平明显高于RRMS患者。结论我们的研究结果强调了血液NfL作为追踪疾病进展和区分MS亚型的有用生物标志物的潜力。然而，需要更多的研究来证实其在临床环境中的有效性（图片摘要）。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of videoconference-supervised exercise training program on physical and cognitive conditions, and mental well-being in older adults: A randomized trial 视频会议监督下的运动训练项目对老年人身体、认知状况和心理健康的影响：一项随机试验

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112990

E. Milot , A. Langeard , S. Rehel , E. Gökçe , D.-C. Navarro-Morales , M. Bagueneau , L. Vincent , N. Bessot , G. Quarck

Aging is associated with declines in physical, cognitive, and physical and mental well-being. This randomized trial aimed to assess the effects of a supervised, home-based multicomponent physical training program delivered via videoconferencing on physical fitness, cognitive performance, and mental well-being in healthy older adults. Thirty participants aged 60–70 years completed either a physical training intervention (PT), a health education intervention (active control, AC), or no intervention (passive control, PC) over a period of 12 weeks. Physical fitness (daily movements, handgrip, knee extension, peak oxygen consumption, timed up and go, and balance), cognition (stroop, trail making tests, dual-task performance), and mental well-being (short form 36 item questionnaire, geriatrics depression scale, anxiety scales) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The intervention demonstrated high adherence, supporting the feasibility and acceptability of remote exercise programs. Results showed no significant improvements in physical fitness across groups. However, only the PT group demonstrated significant improvements in mental well-being, whereas depressive symptoms decreased similarly across all groups. Cognitive improvements in executive functions were observed across groups, and dual-task performance improved specifically in the PT and AC groups. While limited by small sample size, these findings suggest that supervised videoconferencing-based exercise is a promising, accessible strategy that could improve mental well-being and promote fitness and cognitive functioning in older adults. Further research is needed among larger and more diverse populations.

衰老与身体、认知和身心健康的下降有关。本随机试验旨在评估一个有监督的、以家庭为基础的、通过视频会议进行的多组分体育训练项目对健康老年人身体健康、认知表现和心理健康的影响。30名年龄在60-70岁的参与者在12周内完成了体育训练干预（PT）、健康教育干预（主动控制，AC）或不干预（被动控制，PC）。身体健康（日常运动、握力、膝关节伸展、耗氧量峰值、起跑和平衡）、认知（stroop、trail making测试、双任务表现）和心理健康（36项问卷、老年抑郁量表、焦虑量表）在干预前和干预后进行评估。干预表现出高依从性，支持远程锻炼计划的可行性和可接受性。结果显示，各组的身体健康状况没有显著改善。然而，只有PT组在心理健康方面表现出显著的改善，而所有组的抑郁症状都有相似的下降。执行功能的认知改善在各组中都有观察到，双任务表现在PT组和AC组中有明显改善。虽然样本量有限，但这些发现表明，在监督下进行视频会议的锻炼是一种有希望的、可行的策略，可以改善老年人的心理健康，促进健康和认知功能。需要在更大、更多样化的人群中进行进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic imbalance of autophagy: A molecular link between age-related hearing loss and cognitive dysfunction 自噬的动态不平衡：年龄相关性听力损失和认知功能障碍之间的分子联系

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112997

Haixu Fang , Shuyun Liu , Yan Qiu , Lanyin Chang , Yuanhui Chen , Sanmei Enzha , Hengyan Liu , Ye Yang , Zedeng Yin

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and cognitive dysfunction are established comorbidities, yet their molecular links remain unclear. This study employed a D-galactose-induced ARHL guinea pig model, along with multimodal analysis, to elucidate the bridging role of autophagy. ARHL animals exhibited significantly elevated hearing thresholds (>65 dB SPL) and spatial memory deficits (Morris Water Maze escape latency increased 0.77-fold). PET/CT revealed a 28.57 % reduced hippocampal glucose metabolism (SUV), negatively correlating with cognitive impairment. Molecular analysis revealed that the autophagic marker LC3B was initially upregulated (0–8 weeks) and then declined (12–16 weeks), while P62 paradoxically mirrored the dynamics of LC3B, indicating an imbalance in autophagy homeostasis. Transmission electron microscopy identified mitochondrial cristae dissolution, postsynaptic density thinning, and widened synaptic clefts, linking ultrastructural damage to metabolic compromise via autophagy dysregulation. We establish an evidence chain: “ARHL–autophagy imbalance–hippocampal hypometabolism–cognitive decline”. Autophagy initially exerts neuroprotection by clearing damage but transitions to neurotoxicity under chronic dysregulation, causing neuronal energy insufficiency. These findings reveal novel mechanisms connecting ARHL and cognitive impairment, providing a foundation for autophagy-targeted therapies.

年龄相关性听力损失（ARHL）和认知功能障碍是确定的合并症，但它们的分子联系尚不清楚。本研究采用d -半乳糖诱导的ARHL豚鼠模型，并结合多模态分析来阐明自噬的桥接作用。ARHL动物表现出明显的听力阈值升高（65 dB SPL）和空间记忆缺陷（Morris水迷宫逃避潜伏期增加0.77倍）。PET/CT显示海马糖代谢（SUV）降低28.57%，与认知功能障碍呈负相关。分子分析显示，自噬标志物LC3B先是上调（0-8周），然后下降（12-16周），而P62矛盾地反映了LC3B的动态，表明自噬稳态失衡。透射电镜发现线粒体嵴溶解，突触后密度变薄，突触间隙变宽，通过自噬失调将超微结构损伤与代谢妥协联系起来。我们建立了一个证据链：“arhl -自噬失衡-海马低代谢-认知能力下降”。自噬最初通过清除损伤发挥神经保护作用，但在慢性失调下转变为神经毒性，导致神经元能量不足。这些发现揭示了ARHL与认知障碍之间的新机制，为自噬靶向治疗提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Hepcidin inhibits osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis by modulating the p53/miR-34a/Trem2 axis Hepcidin通过调节p53/miR-34a/Trem2轴抑制破骨细胞分化，缓解骨质疏松症。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112994

Lujun Chen , Guiwen Liu , Sheng Liu , Yin Zhu , Zhongrui Liu , Luliang Wei , Yuzhen Liao , Yongjun Ye , Weimin Huang , Wuyang Liu , Lulin Liu

Background

The relationship between iron accumulation and osteoporosis (OP) progression has received attention in recent years. Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis and may contribute to the treatment of OP. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of hepcidin in OP remains unclear.

Methods

Transgenic mice were constructed, including hepcidin overexpression (Hamp) mice and Trem2 overexpression (Trem2) mice, followed by performed ovariectomy (OVX) procedure. Trem2-OVX mice and Hamp mice were used to construct parabiosis model, which was named as Hamp+Trem2-OVX parabiosis mice. Serum hepcidin and ferritin levels were tested by ELISA. Bone microstructure and related parameters were evaluated by Micro-CT. Bone mass and osteoclast ratio in mice were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated from OVX mice and Hamp-OVX mice, and then treated with RANKL to induce osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclast formation and differentiation were assessed by TRAP staining, western blot and immunofluorescence staining assay. The protein levels of osteoclast differentiation-related markers, p53 and Trem2 were examined by western blot. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure miR-34a and Trem2 mRNA expression. The interaction between miR-34a and p53 or Trem2 was confirmed by ChIP assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay.

Results

Serum hepcidin level was decreased in OP women and mice, and its overexpression attenuated OP progression in OVX mice. Hepcidin overexpression inhibited osteoclast formation and differentiation in RANKL-induced BMMs. Hepcidin activated p53 to promote miR-34a transcription, and miR-34a targeted Trem2. Inhibition of miR-34a reversed the inhibitory effect of hepcidin on osteoclast formation and differentiation in RANKL-induced BMMs. Furthermore, Trem2 overexpression promoted bone loss and osteoclast formation in OVX mice, and these effects were abolished in Hamp+Trem2-OVX parabiosis mice.

Conclusion

Hepcidin alleviated OP progression by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation via regulating the p53/miR-34a/Trem2 axis.

背景：铁积累与骨质疏松症（OP）进展的关系近年来受到关注。Hepcidin是铁稳态的关键调节因子，可能有助于OP的治疗。然而，Hepcidin在OP中的潜在分子机制尚不清楚。方法：构建转基因小鼠，包括hepcidin过表达（Hamp）小鼠和Trem2过表达（Trem2）小鼠，并进行卵巢切除术（OVX）。采用Trem2-OVX小鼠与Hamp小鼠构建异种共生模型，命名为Hamp+Trem2-OVX异种共生小鼠。ELISA法检测血清hepcidin和铁蛋白水平。显微ct检查骨显微结构及相关参数。采用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色、苏木精和伊红染色测定小鼠骨量和破骨细胞比例。从OVX小鼠和Hamp-OVX小鼠中分离骨髓源性巨噬细胞（BMMs），然后用RANKL诱导破骨细胞分化。采用TRAP染色、western blot和免疫荧光染色法观察破骨细胞的形成和分化情况。western blot检测破骨细胞分化相关标志物p53和Trem2蛋白水平。采用实时荧光定量PCR检测miR-34a和Trem2 mRNA的表达。通过ChIP实验、双荧光素酶报告基因实验和RIP实验证实miR-34a与p53或Trem2的相互作用。结果：hepcidin可降低OP妇女和小鼠的血清hepcidin水平，其过表达可减缓OVX小鼠的OP进展。Hepcidin过表达抑制rankl诱导的骨髓瘤中破骨细胞的形成和分化。Hepcidin激活p53促进miR-34a转录，miR-34a靶向Trem2。抑制miR-34a逆转了hepcidin对rankl诱导的骨髓瘤中破骨细胞形成和分化的抑制作用。此外，Trem2过表达促进了OVX小鼠的骨质流失和破骨细胞的形成，而这些影响在Hamp+Trem2-OVX异种共生小鼠中被消除。结论：Hepcidin通过调节p53/miR-34a/Trem2轴抑制破骨细胞分化，从而缓解OP进展。

{"title":"Hepcidin inhibits osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis by modulating the p53/miR-34a/Trem2 axis","authors":"Lujun Chen , Guiwen Liu , Sheng Liu , Yin Zhu , Zhongrui Liu , Luliang Wei , Yuzhen Liao , Yongjun Ye , Weimin Huang , Wuyang Liu , Lulin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The relationship between iron accumulation and osteoporosis (OP) progression has received attention in recent years. Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis and may contribute to the treatment of OP. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of hepcidin in OP remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Transgenic mice were constructed, including hepcidin overexpression (Hamp) mice and Trem2 overexpression (Trem2) mice, followed by performed ovariectomy (OVX) procedure. Trem2-OVX mice and Hamp mice were used to construct parabiosis model, which was named as Hamp+Trem2-OVX parabiosis mice. Serum hepcidin and ferritin levels were tested by ELISA. Bone microstructure and related parameters were evaluated by Micro-CT. Bone mass and osteoclast ratio in mice were assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated from OVX mice and Hamp-OVX mice, and then treated with RANKL to induce osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclast formation and differentiation were assessed by TRAP staining, western blot and immunofluorescence staining assay. The protein levels of osteoclast differentiation-related markers, p53 and Trem2 were examined by western blot. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure miR-34a and Trem2 mRNA expression. The interaction between miR-34a and p53 or Trem2 was confirmed by ChIP assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Serum hepcidin level was decreased in OP women and mice, and its overexpression attenuated OP progression in OVX mice. Hepcidin overexpression inhibited osteoclast formation and differentiation in RANKL-induced BMMs. Hepcidin activated p53 to promote miR-34a transcription, and miR-34a targeted Trem2. Inhibition of miR-34a reversed the inhibitory effect of hepcidin on osteoclast formation and differentiation in RANKL-induced BMMs. Furthermore, Trem2 overexpression promoted bone loss and osteoclast formation in OVX mice, and these effects were abolished in Hamp+Trem2-OVX parabiosis mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hepcidin alleviated OP progression by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation <em>via</em> regulating the p53/miR-34a/Trem2 axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112994"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of exercise and soy protein intake on physical frailty score improvement in community-dwelling elderly: a randomized controlled trial 运动和大豆蛋白摄入对社区老年人体质虚弱评分改善的影响：一项随机对照试验。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112995

Masakazu Imaoka , Mitsumasa Hida , Misa Nakamura , Keiko Sakai , Emi Anzai , Takashi Ichise , Nobuhiko Tachibana , Ien Tei , Yoshinori Hasegawa

Objective

This study examined the effects of combined exercise and nutrition interventions on physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Materials and methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 84 participants (68 women; mean age of 75.5 ± 6.3 years). Participants were assigned to either an exercise-only group or a combined exercise and nutrition group. The 3-month intervention included weekly 1-h exercise sessions (10 sessions total). Outcomes assessed were walking speed, limb skeletal muscle mass index, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, weight loss, fatigue, exercise habits, general cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Japanese version, MoCA-J), and biochemical blood test data.

Results

Among the 84 participants, 77 (39 exercise-only, 38 exercise + nutrition group) were analyzed. Pre-post comparisons showed a main effect of physical frailty for both groups: 0.82 ± 0.79 pre-post and 0.51 ± 0.68 pre-intervention vs. post-intervention for the exercise group, and 0.82 ± 0.69 pre-post and 0.50 ± 0.60 post-post for the exercise+nutrition group. Walking speed was 1.27 ± 0.21 m/s pre and 1.29 ± 0.21 m/s post in the exercise group and 1.18 ± 0.19 m/s pre and 1.27 ± 0.19 m/s post in the exercise + nutrition group, showing a main effect and interaction effect. Other measures showed significant effects on limb skeletal muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, and trunk muscle mass in both groups.

Conclusions

Exercise intervention, with or without nutritional supplementation, significantly reduced physical frailty in older adults. Combining exercise with soy protein intake may improve short-term motor function and physical frailty.

目的：本研究探讨了运动和营养相结合的干预措施对社区老年人身体虚弱的影响。材料与方法：随机对照试验84例（女性68例，平均年龄75.5 ± 6.3 岁）。参与者被分为单独运动组和运动加营养组。为期3个月的干预包括每周1小时的锻炼（共10次）。评估的结果包括步行速度、肢体骨骼肌质量指数、躯干肌肉质量、握力、体重减轻、疲劳、运动习惯、一般认知功能（蒙特利尔认知评估日本版，MoCA-J）和血液生化测试数据。结果：在84名参与者中，分析了77名（39名仅运动组，38名运动+营养组）。前后比较显示，两组的主要影响因素均为身体虚弱：运动组干预前与干预后分别为0.82 ± 0.79和0.51 ± 0.68，运动+营养组干预前与干预后分别为0.82 ± 0.69和0.50 ± 0.60。步行速度是1.27 ±0.21   m / s pre和1.29±0.21  m / s post 锻炼组和1.18±0.19   m / s pre和1.27±0.19  m / s运动+营养组,显示主效应和交互效应。其他测量结果显示，两组的肢体骨骼肌质量、躯干肌肉质量、握力和躯干肌肉质量均有显著影响。结论：运动干预，有或没有营养补充，显着减少老年人的身体虚弱。将运动与大豆蛋白的摄入结合起来可以改善短期的运动功能和身体虚弱。

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引用次数: 0

Social isolation and intrinsic capacity decline in older adults: Mediating roles of sleep duration and pain 老年人的社会孤立和内在能力下降：睡眠时间和疼痛的中介作用。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112991

Wenhua Yu , Yaru Zhou , Xvyan Gao , Jiayu Han , Li Zhang , Lina Ma

Background

The decline of intrinsic capacity is a key determinant of healthy aging. While social isolation is recognized as a risk factor for functional deterioration in older adults, the pathways through which it influences intrinsic capacity, particularly via sleep duration and pain, remain underexplored.

Objectives

To evaluate the association between social isolation and intrinsic capacity in older adults, and to assess whether sleep duration and pain complaints mediate this relationship.

Methods

Data were obtained from the 2011 wave China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Intrinsic capacity was assessed across five domains: locomotion, vitality, cognition, psychology, and sensory. Social isolation was measured using a composite index incorporating marital status, living arrangements, contact with children, and social participation. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between social isolation and intrinsic capacity. Mediation analyses were performed using multiple linear regression to estimate the mediating roles of sleep duration and pain complaints.

Results

Among 2451 participants, 1897 (77.4 %) exhibited decline in at least one intrinsic capacity domain. Prevalence of decline by domain was: locomotion (23.3 %), vitality (18.9 %), cognition (46.7 %), psychology (26.9 %), and sensory (44.2 %). 877 participants (35.8 %) were identified as socially isolated. After adjustment for sociodemographic and health-related factors, social isolation was associated with increased odds of intrinsic capacity decline. Furthermore, social isolation was positively correlated with decline in intrinsic capacity, with both sleep duration and pain complaints serving as mediators in this relationship.

Conclusions

In this nationally representative sample of Chinese older adults, social isolation is associated with greater decline of intrinsic capacity, partially mediated through inadequate sleep duration and pain complaints. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at mitigating social isolation, along with integrated management of sleep and pain, may help preserve intrinsic capacity in aging populations.

背景：内在能力的下降是健康老龄化的关键决定因素。虽然社会孤立被认为是老年人功能退化的一个风险因素，但它影响内在能力的途径，特别是通过睡眠时间和疼痛的途径，仍未得到充分探索。目的：评估老年人社会孤立与内在能力之间的关系，并评估睡眠时间和疼痛主体性是否介导了这种关系。方法：数据来源于2011年中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）。内在能力在五个领域进行评估：运动、活力、认知、心理和感觉。社会孤立是通过结合婚姻状况、生活安排、与儿童接触和社会参与的综合指数来衡量的。运用逻辑回归检验社会孤立与内在能力之间的关系。采用多元线性回归进行中介分析，以估计睡眠时间和疼痛主诉的中介作用。结果：在2451名参与者中，1897名（77.4% %）表现出至少一个内在能力域的下降。各领域的患病率分别为：运动（23.3% %）、活力（18.9 %）、认知（46.7 %）、心理（26.9 %）和感觉（44.2% %）。877名参与者（35.8 %）被确定为社会孤立。在对社会人口和健康相关因素进行调整后，社会孤立与内在能力下降的几率增加显著相关。此外，社会孤立与内在能力的下降正相关，睡眠时间和疼痛抱怨在这一关系中起中介作用。结论：在这个具有全国代表性的中国老年人样本中，社会孤立与内在能力的更大下降有关，部分通过睡眠时间不足和疼痛投诉介导。这些发现表明，旨在减轻社会隔离的干预措施，以及对睡眠和疼痛的综合管理，可能有助于保持老年人的内在能力。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal changes of sarcopenia status and risks of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality 骨骼肌减少症状态与心血管疾病和全因死亡率风险的纵向变化

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112989

Kaixin Zhang , Xiaowei Zheng , Tao Ma

Background and objectives

Little is known about the association between changes in sarcopenia status with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. We aimed to evaluate the associations between sarcopenia status changes and incident CVD and mortality in a large prospective cohort of middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

A total of 7257 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 were included in analyses. Sarcopenia status was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of changes in sarcopenia status (never, onset, remitted, and persistent) with CVD (stroke or cardiac events) and all-cause mortality.

Results

During a maximum follow-up period of 2 years, a total of 722 (9.95 %) respondents experienced CVD (303 stroke and 456 cardiac events), and 292 (4.02 %) deaths were identified. Compared to participants without any sarcopenia, those in the improved and persistent sarcopenia had an increased risk of CVD, with multiple-adjusted hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) of 1.37 (1.04–1.80) and 1.32 (1.03–1.69), respectively. Individuals with improved and persistent sarcopenia also had higher risk of stroke and cardiac events. Among participants with baseline possible sarcopenia, those who recovered to a non-sarcopenia status had a significantly lower risk of new-onset CVD and stroke, compared to those who remained in the possible sarcopenia status.

Conclusion

Changes in sarcopenia status are associated with varying risks of new-onset CVD risk and all-cause mortality. Monitoring long-term changes in the sarcopenia should prioritize CVD prevention strategies.

背景和目的：关于肌肉减少症与心血管疾病（CVD）和全因死亡率之间的关系，我们知之甚少。我们的目的是评估肌肉减少症状态变化与CVD事件和死亡率之间的关系，在一个大型的中老年前瞻性队列中。方法：2011年中国健康与退休纵向研究共纳入7257名参与者。肌少症状态根据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组（AWGS 2019）标准定义。使用Cox比例风险回归模型来检查肌肉减少症状态（从未、发作、缓解和持续）的变化与CVD（中风或心脏事件）和全因死亡率的关系。结果：在最长2 年的随访期间，共有722名（9.95 %）受访者经历了CVD（303例卒中和456例心脏事件），并确定了292例（4.02 %）死亡。与没有任何肌肉减少症的参与者相比，改善和持续肌肉减少症的参与者患心血管疾病的风险增加，多重校正风险比（95 %置信区间）分别为1.37（1.04-1.80）和1.32（1.03-1.69）。肌肉减少症得到改善和持续的个体也有较高的中风和心脏事件的风险。在基线可能有肌少症的参与者中，那些恢复到非肌少症状态的人与那些仍然处于可能的肌少症状态的人相比，新发心血管疾病和中风的风险显着降低。结论：肌少症状态的改变与不同的新发心血管疾病风险和全因死亡率相关。监测肌肉减少症的长期变化应优先考虑心血管疾病预防策略。

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引用次数: 0

A subtle association raising bigger questions: Implicit and explicit ageism in the Dutch age IAT 一个微妙的联系引发了更大的问题：荷兰时代的隐性和显性年龄歧视。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112988

Belia Schuurman , Jolanda Lindenberg , Tineke A. Abma , Wilco P. Achterberg

This study presents the first baseline analysis of the Dutch Age Implicit Association Test (IAT) data, examining both implicit and explicit ageism measures in the Netherlands. Analyzing data from 8680 participants over a range of 12 years, we investigated implicit ageism scores, their association with explicit ageism measures, and associations with demographic characteristics. Results position the Netherlands in the international midfield for implicit ageism. Significant gender differences emerged, with men showing higher implicit ageism scores than women. We found no significant relationship between age and implicit ageism. The study revealed small to moderate yet significant correlations between implicit and explicit ageism measures, suggesting these are subtly related yet distinct constructs. These findings contribute to the international comparative literature on ageism by establishing a Dutch baseline and emphasize the need for further research into the association between implicit and explicit ageism. To tackle the prevalence and consequences of ageism in our social lives and institutions, the mechanisms underlying age-related biases across different contexts need to be investigated further.

本研究提出了荷兰年龄内隐联想测试（IAT）数据的第一个基线分析，检查了荷兰的内隐和外显年龄歧视措施。我们分析了8680名参与者在12 年的时间里的数据，研究了内隐年龄歧视评分、它们与外显年龄歧视措施的关系，以及它们与人口统计学特征的关系。结果显示，荷兰队因隐性年龄歧视而处于国际中场位置。显著的性别差异出现了，男性的隐性年龄歧视得分高于女性。我们发现年龄与隐性年龄歧视之间没有显著的关系。该研究揭示了内隐和外显年龄歧视测量之间的小到中度但显著的相关性，表明它们是微妙相关但不同的结构。这些发现通过建立荷兰基线，为年龄歧视的国际比较文献做出了贡献，并强调了对内隐和外显年龄歧视之间关系的进一步研究的必要性。为了解决在我们的社会生活和机构中普遍存在的年龄歧视及其后果，需要进一步研究不同背景下与年龄相关的偏见的潜在机制。

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引用次数: 0

Prognostic assessment of sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in older patients using clinical and CT-based radiomic features 使用临床和基于ct的放射学特征评估败血症引起的老年患者急性呼吸窘迫综合征的预后。

IF 4.3

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.112987

Xiya Wang , Bowen Zhang , Ying Chen , Xinzhen Gao , Yongshen Bai , Shuxing Wei , Shubin Guo , Xue Mei

Background

Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (SI-ARDS) is associated with high mortality rates, necessitating early risk stratification. This study aimed to develop and validate a radiomics-based nomogram integrating computed tomography (CT) features and clinical parameters to predict 28-day mortality in older patients with SI-ARDS.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, 302 older patients (≥60 years) diagnosed with SI-ARDS between January 2019 and December 2023 were enrolled. Radiomic features were extracted from admission chest CT images. Patients were randomly allocated to training (n = 242) and validation (n = 60) cohorts. Three predictive models—radiomic, clinical, and combined—were constructed using Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy (MRMR) algorithm and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. Model performance was assessed using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. A nomogram was developed based on the optimal model for clinical application.

Results

The fusion model achieved superior discrimination compared with the radiomic model, clinical model, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score in both cohorts (C-index: training, 0.850 vs. 0.798, 0.781, and 0.654; validation, 0.839 vs. 0.768, 0.779, and 0.696; all p < 0.001). The model demonstrated excellent calibration and provided greater net clinical benefit across threshold probabilities of 10 %–90 %. Risk stratification using the nomogram identified distinct prognostic groups with significantly different 28-day survival (log-rank p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The nomogram developed from the fusion model demonstrated superior predictive performance for 28-day mortality in older patients with SI-ARDS compared to conventional scoring systems, though multicenter validation is required to confirm clinical utility.

背景：败血症引起的急性呼吸窘迫综合征（SI-ARDS）死亡率高，需要进行早期风险分层。本研究旨在开发和验证一种基于放射组学的图，结合计算机断层扫描（CT）特征和临床参数来预测老年SI-ARDS患者的28天死亡率。方法：在这项回顾性队列研究中，纳入了2019年1月至2023年12月期间诊断为SI-ARDS的302例老年患者（≥60 岁）。从入院胸部CT图像中提取放射学特征。患者被随机分配到训练组（n = 242）和验证组（n = 60）。使用最大相关最小冗余（MRMR）算法和最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO）回归构建了放射学、临床和组合三种预测模型。采用一致性指数（C-index）、校准曲线和决策曲线分析来评估模型的性能。在此基础上建立了一种适合临床应用的模式图。结果：在两个队列中，与放射学模型、临床模型和序贯器官衰竭评估评分相比，融合模型取得了更好的识别效果(c指数：训练，0.850比0.798、0.781和0.654；验证，0.839比0.768、0.779和0.696；结论：与传统评分系统相比，融合模型开发的nomogram对SI-ARDS老年患者28天死亡率的预测能力更强，但需要多中心验证来证实其临床实用性。

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引用次数: 0