Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113014
Myrthe Swart , Merle Geerds , Ivan Bautmans , Liza De Dobbeleer , Siddharta Lieten , Hugo Plácido da Silva , Rudi Tielemans , Cindel Bonneux , Yvonne Schoon , Geeske Peeters , Marcel Olde Rikkert , Dieuwke van Dartel , René Melis
Objectives
Hand grip measures offer potential indicators for recovery after hospitalization in older adults. We investigated prospective associations of the grip indicators maximal grip strength (GSmax), fatigue resistance (FR) and grip work (GW) with post-discharge functional limitations, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and survival in older inpatients.
Methods
Grip indicators were evaluated at admission in general geriatric inpatients (GGI, n = 149) and geriatric hip fracture inpatients (HIP, n = 109). Questionnaires on functional limitations (10–40, lower is better) were collected for two weeks pre-admission, admission, three months follow-up, and six months follow-up. HRQOL (−4–10, higher is better) was assessed at admission, three months follow-up and six months follow-up. With individual growth modeling, we established the associations between grip indicators and the outcome trajectories. Three-month survival was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.
Results
In GGI, higher FR and GW were associated with better functional recovery from admission to three months follow-up (FR: B = −1.0 points per 10s increase, 95 %CI −1.9, −0.14; GW: B = −0.33 points per 100 kPa × s increase, 95 %CI −0.59, −0.07). HIP with higher grip indicators showed a better functional recovery towards three months follow-up (GSmax: B = −2.4 per 10 kPa increase, 95 %CI −3.9, −0.89; FR: B = −1.1, 95 %CI −2.4, 0.20; GW: B = −0.31, 95 %CI −0.61, −0.02). No or weak associations were found between grip indicators and HRQOL recovery. Hazard ratios pointed towards a better survival for better scores on grip indicators, but associations were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Higher FR and GW at admission were associated with better recovery post-discharge in geriatric inpatients. Future research should examine the added clinical value of grip indicators in addition to known patient characteristics.
目的：手部握力测量为老年人住院后康复提供潜在指标。我们研究了握力指标最大握力（GSmax）、疲劳阻力（FR）和握力功（GW）与老年住院患者出院后功能限制、健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）和生存率的前瞻性关联。方法：对普通老年住院患者（GGI, n = 149）和老年髋部骨折住院患者（hip, n = 109）入院时握力指标进行评价。在入院前2周、入院后3个月、随访6个月收集功能限制问卷（10-40份，越低越好）。入院时评估HRQOL（-4-10，越高越好），随访3个月和6个月。通过个体成长模型，我们建立了握力指标与结果轨迹之间的关联。采用Cox比例风险模型分析3个月生存率。结果:在GGI,更高的FR和瓦与更好的功能恢复从入学到三个月随访(FR: B = -1.0分10年代增加,CI 95 % -1.9,-0.14;温伯格:B = -0.33分100 kPa × 年代增加,CI 95 % -0.59,-0.07)。臀部高控制指标显示更好的功能恢复对三个月随访(GSmax: B = 每10 -2.4 kPa增加,95年 % -3.9 CI, -0.89; FR: B = -1.1,-2.4 95 % CI, 0.20;温伯格:B = -0.31,-0.61 95 % CI, -0.02)。握力指标与HRQOL恢复之间无或弱关联。风险比表明，握力指标得分越高，存活率越高，但相关关系在统计上并不显著。结论：老年住院患者入院时FR和GW较高，出院后恢复较好。除了已知的患者特征外，未来的研究应检查握力指标的附加临床价值。
{"title":"Association of grip indicators with post-discharge recovery in geriatric and hip fracture inpatients","authors":"Myrthe Swart , Merle Geerds , Ivan Bautmans , Liza De Dobbeleer , Siddharta Lieten , Hugo Plácido da Silva , Rudi Tielemans , Cindel Bonneux , Yvonne Schoon , Geeske Peeters , Marcel Olde Rikkert , Dieuwke van Dartel , René Melis","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Hand grip measures offer potential indicators for recovery after hospitalization in older adults. We investigated prospective associations of the grip indicators maximal grip strength (GSmax), fatigue resistance (FR) and grip work (GW) with post-discharge functional limitations, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and survival in older inpatients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Grip indicators were evaluated at admission in general geriatric inpatients (GGI, <em>n</em> = 149) and geriatric hip fracture inpatients (HIP, <em>n</em> = 109). Questionnaires on functional limitations (10–40, lower is better) were collected for two weeks pre-admission, admission, three months follow-up, and six months follow-up. HRQOL (−4–10, higher is better) was assessed at admission, three months follow-up and six months follow-up. With individual growth modeling, we established the associations between grip indicators and the outcome trajectories. Three-month survival was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In GGI, higher FR and GW were associated with better functional recovery from admission to three months follow-up (FR: B = −1.0 points per 10s increase, 95 %CI −1.9, −0.14; GW: B = −0.33 points per 100 kPa × s increase, 95 %CI −0.59, −0.07). HIP with higher grip indicators showed a better functional recovery towards three months follow-up (GSmax: B = −2.4 per 10 kPa increase, 95 %CI −3.9, −0.89; FR: B = −1.1, 95 %CI −2.4, 0.20; GW: B = −0.31, 95 %CI −0.61, −0.02). No or weak associations were found between grip indicators and HRQOL recovery. Hazard ratios pointed towards a better survival for better scores on grip indicators, but associations were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Higher FR and GW at admission were associated with better recovery post-discharge in geriatric inpatients. Future research should examine the added clinical value of grip indicators in addition to known patient characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunonutrition refers to nutritional interventions that can improve immune function. The nutritional contents used in immunocytes include amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and flavonoids.
In this study, we examine the oxi-inflamm-aging theory, which illustrates the antioxidant effects of diet, immune system performance, and life span. According to this theory, if vitamin C is consumed in the early stages of life, it can increase life span. The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential role of key immunonutrients in modulating immune system activity and lifespan through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Vitamin E can reduce the mortality caused by the disease by inhibiting the oxidative damage associated with aging and inducing the P21 signaling pathway as an anti-cancer pathway. Also, vitamin D can reduce aging by increasing the expression of skinhead-1 (SKN-1), a gene of stress response pathways, inhibition of toxicity caused by human β-amyloid, and insolubility of proteins as a molecular pathology of aging. Zinc can adjust the activity of thymus and its hormones, regulating natural killer cells/Natural killer cells (NK/NKT), causing the inherent immune system responses. Moreover, Selenium can reduce the disorders induced by oxidative damage via improving the function of thyroid and immune cells, as well as metabolic and cellular redox homeostasis. Flavonoids also protect against the use of old cells and aging-related phenotypes by protecting nerve cells and metabolic homeostasis, as well as inhibiting old cells and aging phenotypes. However, the findings are still incomplete, and more studies are needed to prove this claim. Therefore, we made this study with careful attention to future issues.
{"title":"Nutritional immunology in lifespan","authors":"Maryam Fallah , Fatemeh Naeini , Fatemeh Sadat Fahimzad , Ali Nouri , Sayyed Mehdi Rasooli Manesh , Alireza Haghighi , Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunonutrition refers to nutritional interventions that can improve immune function. The nutritional contents used in immunocytes include amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and flavonoids.</div><div>In this study, we examine the oxi-inflamm-aging theory, which illustrates the antioxidant effects of diet, immune system performance, and life span. According to this theory, if vitamin C is consumed in the early stages of life, it can increase life span. The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential role of key immunonutrients in modulating immune system activity and lifespan through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Vitamin E can reduce the mortality caused by the disease by inhibiting the oxidative damage associated with aging and inducing the P21 signaling pathway as an anti-cancer pathway. Also, vitamin D can reduce aging by increasing the expression of skinhead-1 (SKN-1), a gene of stress response pathways, inhibition of toxicity caused by human β-amyloid, and insolubility of proteins as a molecular pathology of aging. Zinc can adjust the activity of thymus and its hormones, regulating natural killer cells/Natural killer cells (NK/NKT), causing the inherent immune system responses. Moreover, Selenium can reduce the disorders induced by oxidative damage via improving the function of thyroid and immune cells, as well as metabolic and cellular redox homeostasis. Flavonoids also protect against the use of old cells and aging-related phenotypes by protecting nerve cells and metabolic homeostasis, as well as inhibiting old cells and aging phenotypes. However, the findings are still incomplete, and more studies are needed to prove this claim. Therefore, we made this study with careful attention to future issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113026
Stefano Cacciatore , Riccardo Calvani , Konstantinos Prokopidis , Mathias Schlögl , Andrea Russo , Matteo Tosato , Stephen D. Anton , Christiaan Leeuwenburgh , John A. Batsis , Emanuele Marzetti , Francesco Landi
Background
Chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to frailty and functional decline in aging. Intrinsic capacity (IC), defined as the composite of physical and mental reserves, complements frailty assessment by reflecting functional resilience. This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from the ilSIRENTE cohort to examine the relationship between IC–frailty phenotypes and systemic inflammation in community-dwelling octogenarians and identify IC domains most closely related to inflammatory burden.
Methods
IC was assessed across five domains (locomotion, cognition, vitality, psychological well-being, and sensory function), rescaled to a 0–100 range, and combined with frailty status to define four IC–frailty phenotypes (concordant frail, discordant low IC, discordant high IC, concordant robust). Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured, and a composite inflammatory burden score (0–3) was derived.
Results
The analysis included 311 participants (mean age 85.4 ± 4.7 years, 66.6 % women). Median CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels increased progressively from concordant robust to concordant frail groups (p < 0.01). In the fully adjusted model, concordant frail participants had higher inflammation compared with concordant robust (β = 0.71; 95 % CI 0.04–1.37; p = 0.03), while discordant high IC and discordant low IC showed intermediate values without statistical significance. A significant linear trend was observed across ordered phenotypes (β per category increment = 0.21, 95 % CI 0.06 to 0.37). Locomotion and vitality emerged as the domains most strongly linked to inflammation.
Conclusions
IC–frailty phenotypes show a biological gradient of subclinical inflammation, with higher IC having lower inflammation levels. Preserved locomotion reflects key functional correlates of resilience and vitality in advanced age.
背景：慢性低度炎症会导致衰老过程中的身体虚弱和功能下降。内在能力（Intrinsic capacity， IC）被定义为身体和心理储备的综合体，通过反映功能弹性来补充脆弱性评估。本横断面分析使用来自ilSIRENTE队列的基线数据来检查社区居住的80岁老人IC脆弱表型与全身性炎症之间的关系，并确定与炎症负担最密切相关的IC结构域。方法通过五个领域（运动、认知、活力、心理健康和感觉功能）评估sic，重新调整到0-100的范围，并结合虚弱状态定义四种IC脆弱表型（和谐体弱、不和谐低IC、不和谐高IC、和谐健壮）。检测血浆c反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)，得出炎症负荷综合评分（0-3）。结果共纳入311例患者（平均年龄85.4±4.7岁，66.6%为女性）。中位CRP、IL-6和TNF-α水平从健康组到虚弱组逐渐升高（p < 0.01）。在完全调整后的模型中，一致性虚弱的受试者比一致性健壮的受试者有更高的炎症（β = 0.71; 95% CI 0.04-1.37; p = 0.03），而不一致性高IC和不一致性低IC显示中间值，无统计学意义。在有序表型之间观察到显著的线性趋势（每类别增量β = 0.21, 95% CI 0.06至0.37）。运动和活力是与炎症最密切相关的领域。结论IC脆弱表型具有亚临床炎症的生物学梯度，IC高，炎症水平低。保持运动反映了老年人的弹性和活力的关键功能相关。
{"title":"Intrinsic capacity–frailty phenotypes and subclinical inflammation in community-dwelling octogenarians: A cross-sectional analysis from the ilSIRENTE study","authors":"Stefano Cacciatore , Riccardo Calvani , Konstantinos Prokopidis , Mathias Schlögl , Andrea Russo , Matteo Tosato , Stephen D. Anton , Christiaan Leeuwenburgh , John A. Batsis , Emanuele Marzetti , Francesco Landi","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to frailty and functional decline in aging. Intrinsic capacity (IC), defined as the composite of physical and mental reserves, complements frailty assessment by reflecting functional resilience. This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from the ilSIRENTE cohort to examine the relationship between IC–frailty phenotypes and systemic inflammation in community-dwelling octogenarians and identify IC domains most closely related to inflammatory burden.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>IC was assessed across five domains (locomotion, cognition, vitality, psychological well-being, and sensory function), rescaled to a 0–100 range, and combined with frailty status to define four IC–frailty phenotypes (concordant frail, discordant low IC, discordant high IC, concordant robust). Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured, and a composite inflammatory burden score (0–3) was derived.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis included 311 participants (mean age 85.4 ± 4.7 years, 66.6 % women). Median CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels increased progressively from concordant robust to concordant frail groups (<em>p</em> < 0.01). In the fully adjusted model, concordant frail participants had higher inflammation compared with concordant robust (β = 0.71; 95 % CI 0.04–1.37; <em>p</em> = 0.03), while discordant high IC and discordant low IC showed intermediate values without statistical significance. A significant linear trend was observed across ordered phenotypes (β per category increment = 0.21, 95 % CI 0.06 to 0.37). Locomotion and vitality emerged as the domains most strongly linked to inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IC–frailty phenotypes show a biological gradient of subclinical inflammation, with higher IC having lower inflammation levels. Preserved locomotion reflects key functional correlates of resilience and vitality in advanced age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113031
Shishuang zhang , Han Gao , Yaru Liu , Yongle Zhi , Yu Du
Objectives
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a prevalent neurological disorder with significant health and socio-economic burdens. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) systematically assesses the proinflammatory characteristics of dietary patterns. This study aimed to elucidate the complex relationships among DII, biological aging, and PN, and to deepen the understanding of the potential factors driving these associations, thereby providing novel insights for prevention and clinical intervention.
Methods
This study investigated the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004 data. The linear association between DII and PN was assessed using binary logistic regression, while restricted cubic splines were employed to evaluate potential nonlinear relationships. Furthermore, mediation analysis was conducted to quantify the contribution of biological age in this association.
Results
This study enrolled and analyzed 7860 participants. DII revealed a significant correlation with the prevalence of PN (the odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.30, p < 0.001). A J-shaped nonlinear association was identified between DII and the PN (p = 0.0079), with an inflection point at 1.295. Beyond this threshold, OR significantly increased to 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03–1.30). Biological age contributed to 19.95% of the total association between DII and PN.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates a J-shaped association between DII and PN, which is partially accounted for by biological aging. These findings provide a new perspective for preventing PN through a low-inflammation diet.
目的：周围神经病变（PN）是一种常见的神经系统疾病，具有显著的健康和社会经济负担。膳食炎症指数（DII）系统地评估饮食模式的促炎特征。本研究旨在阐明DII、生物衰老和PN之间的复杂关系，并加深对驱动这些关联的潜在因素的理解，从而为预防和临床干预提供新的见解。方法：对1999-2004年全国健康与营养调查资料进行调查。使用二元逻辑回归评估DII和PN之间的线性关联，而限制三次样条则用于评估潜在的非线性关系。此外，还进行了中介分析，以量化生物年龄在这种关联中的作用。结果：本研究招募并分析了7860名参与者。DII与PN患病率有显著相关性（比值比[OR] = 1.07,95%可信区间[CI]: 1.03-1.30, p ）结论：本研究表明DII与PN之间呈j型相关，其中部分与生物衰老有关。这些发现为通过低炎症饮食预防PN提供了新的视角。
{"title":"The association between dietary inflammation index and peripheral neuropathy: Insights into the role of biological aging from a cross-sectional NHANES study","authors":"Shishuang zhang , Han Gao , Yaru Liu , Yongle Zhi , Yu Du","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a prevalent neurological disorder with significant health and socio-economic burdens. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) systematically assesses the proinflammatory characteristics of dietary patterns. This study aimed to elucidate the complex relationships among DII, biological aging, and PN, and to deepen the understanding of the potential factors driving these associations, thereby providing novel insights for prevention and clinical intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study investigated the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004 data. The linear association between DII and PN was assessed using binary logistic regression, while restricted cubic splines were employed to evaluate potential nonlinear relationships. Furthermore, mediation analysis was conducted to quantify the contribution of biological age in this association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study enrolled and analyzed 7860 participants. DII revealed a significant correlation with the prevalence of PN (the odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.30, <em>p</em> < 0.001). A J-shaped nonlinear association was identified between DII and the PN (<em>p</em> = 0.0079), with an inflection point at 1.295. Beyond this threshold, OR significantly increased to 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03–1.30). Biological age contributed to 19.95% of the total association between DII and PN.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates a J-shaped association between DII and PN, which is partially accounted for by biological aging. These findings provide a new perspective for preventing PN through a low-inflammation diet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113047
Zijie Dang , Boning Zhou , Yongkang Su , Haocheng Huang , Xin Zhang , Yang Jiao , Jian Wang , Xiaoling Hou , Yanru Yang , Zhenhong Fu
Background
Previous studies showed that remnant cholesterol(RC) partially explained the residual risk of cardiovascular disease. We tried to test the hypothesis that remnant cholesterol is a risk factor for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular(CV) mortality in oldest-old(>80 years old) patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).
Methods
699 oldest-old patients with ACS and undergoing coronary angiography(CAG) were included in our study. RC was calculated by fasting total cholesterol(TC) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC). With a maximum follow-up period of 10 years, 37 patients were lost to follow-up, and 662 were finally available for statistical analysis. Pearson's correlation test was used to assess the associations between RC and clinical parameter. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify the association between RC and all-cause mortality. Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard curves and Fine-Gray plots were used to assess the association between RC and clinical outcomes, including all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), cardiovascular (CV) mortality, and non-CV mortality. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to compare the discrimination capacity of RC, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C to predict all-cause mortality.
Results
Among the 662 oldest-old patients enrolled, 92.90% accepted statin therapy. The average age was 81.87 ± 2.14 years old. Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard curves showed that the cumulative hazard of all-cause mortality and MACEs in the high RC tertile was higher than that in the middle or low RC tertiles. In the fully-adjusted Cox regression model, the Hazard ratio(HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of all-cause mortality was 1.17 (1.01, 1.44) for each standard deviation(SD) increase in RC. Compared to RC tertile 1, RC tertile 3 was associated with a 94% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR:1.94; 95%CI: 1.22–3.10). The increased risk of all-cause death from tertile 1 to tertile 3 was statistically significant. Fine-Gray test showed that regarding CV mortality, marginally statistically significant differences in cumulative incidence were observed among the three RC tertile groups (P = 0.054). For non-CV mortality, statistically significant differences were detected across three groups (P = 0.026). The subgroup analysis confirmed the significant association between RC and all-cause mortality. ROC curve showed that RC had a better discrimination capacity at predicting all-cause mortality (AUC (95% CI): 0.621(0.575–0.666)), and improved the prognostic value of the Gensini score combined with left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).
Conclusion
Remnant cholesterol was associated with all-cause mortality in oldest-old patients with ACS in a long-term follow-up.
{"title":"Remnant cholesterol associated with all-cause mortality in oldest-old acute coronary syndrome patients: A cohort study","authors":"Zijie Dang , Boning Zhou , Yongkang Su , Haocheng Huang , Xin Zhang , Yang Jiao , Jian Wang , Xiaoling Hou , Yanru Yang , Zhenhong Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies showed that remnant cholesterol(RC) partially explained the residual risk of cardiovascular disease. We tried to test the hypothesis that remnant cholesterol is a risk factor for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular(CV) mortality in oldest-old(>80 years old) patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>699 oldest-old patients with ACS and undergoing coronary angiography(CAG) were included in our study. RC was calculated by fasting total cholesterol(TC) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL<img>C). With a maximum follow-up period of 10 years, 37 patients were lost to follow-up, and 662 were finally available for statistical analysis. Pearson's correlation test was used to assess the associations between RC and clinical parameter. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify the association between RC and all-cause mortality. Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard curves and Fine-Gray plots were used to assess the association between RC and clinical outcomes, including all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), cardiovascular (CV) mortality, and non-CV mortality. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to compare the discrimination capacity of RC, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C to predict all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 662 oldest-old patients enrolled, 92.90% accepted statin therapy. The average age was 81.87 ± 2.14 years old. Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard curves showed that the cumulative hazard of all-cause mortality and MACEs in the high RC tertile was higher than that in the middle or low RC tertiles. In the fully-adjusted Cox regression model, the Hazard ratio(HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of all-cause mortality was 1.17 (1.01, 1.44) for each standard deviation(SD) increase in RC. Compared to RC tertile 1, RC tertile 3 was associated with a 94% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR:1.94; 95%CI: 1.22–3.10). The increased risk of all-cause death from tertile 1 to tertile 3 was statistically significant. Fine-Gray test showed that regarding CV mortality, marginally statistically significant differences in cumulative incidence were observed among the three RC tertile groups (<em>P</em> = 0.054). For non-CV mortality, statistically significant differences were detected across three groups (<em>P</em> = 0.026). The subgroup analysis confirmed the significant association between RC and all-cause mortality. ROC curve showed that RC had a better discrimination capacity at predicting all-cause mortality (AUC (95% CI): 0.621(0.575–0.666)), and improved the prognostic value of the Gensini score combined with left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Remnant cholesterol was associated with all-cause mortality in oldest-old patients with ACS in a long-term follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113035
Jay Barolo , Douglas Mitchell , Francesca E. Wade
Dual-task walking, performing a secondary task while walking, challenges attentional and motor resources and has been linked to increased fall risk. While cognitive dual tasks are most often studied, physical (e.g., load carriage) and “combination” tasks such as obstacle crossing may also impact gait. Whole-body angular momentum and its variability provide sensitive markers of locomotor stability. We investigated how dual-task type influences gait mechanics and stability in younger and older adults.
Sixteen adults (18–80 years) completed four treadmill conditions at preferred walking speed: baseline walking (PWS), walking while talking (WWT), box carriage (BOX, 15 lb), and obstacle crossing (OBS). Spatiotemporal measures, trailing limb angle (TLA), and whole-body angular momentum in frontal and sagittal planes were computed. Mixed-model ANOVAs and statistical parametric mapping assessed trial and age effects.
Dual tasks altered spatiotemporal gait. BOX and OBS reduced step length, and OBS also shortened step time and reduced late-stance TLA. OBS elicited consistently greater variability in step length, width, time, double-support, and whole body angular momentum in both planes (all p < .01). Older adults took shorter steps and longer double support, with age × task interactions observed in these metrics.
Obstacle crossing imposed the greatest locomotor challenge, producing significant changes in TLA, whole body angular momentum, and variability, whereas cognitive and load carriage tasks induced smaller deviations. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating ecologically relevant “combination” tasks into gait assessment and demonstrate the utility of time-series analyses for detecting phase-specific disruptions to locomotor stability.
{"title":"Effect of cognitive and motor dual-task on stability and variability of walking in younger and older adults","authors":"Jay Barolo , Douglas Mitchell , Francesca E. Wade","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-task walking, performing a secondary task while walking, challenges attentional and motor resources and has been linked to increased fall risk. While cognitive dual tasks are most often studied, physical (e.g., load carriage) and “combination” tasks such as obstacle crossing may also impact gait. Whole-body angular momentum and its variability provide sensitive markers of locomotor stability. We investigated how dual-task type influences gait mechanics and stability in younger and older adults.</div><div>Sixteen adults (18–80 years) completed four treadmill conditions at preferred walking speed: baseline walking (PWS), walking while talking (WWT), box carriage (BOX, 15 lb), and obstacle crossing (OBS). Spatiotemporal measures, trailing limb angle (TLA), and whole-body angular momentum in frontal and sagittal planes were computed. Mixed-model ANOVAs and statistical parametric mapping assessed trial and age effects.</div><div>Dual tasks altered spatiotemporal gait. BOX and OBS reduced step length, and OBS also shortened step time and reduced late-stance TLA. OBS elicited consistently greater variability in step length, width, time, double-support, and whole body angular momentum in both planes (all <em>p</em> < .01). Older adults took shorter steps and longer double support, with age × task interactions observed in these metrics.</div><div>Obstacle crossing imposed the greatest locomotor challenge, producing significant changes in TLA, whole body angular momentum, and variability, whereas cognitive and load carriage tasks induced smaller deviations. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating ecologically relevant “combination” tasks into gait assessment and demonstrate the utility of time-series analyses for detecting phase-specific disruptions to locomotor stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113032
Sarah Damanti , Clara Sciorati , Amanda Avola , Rebecca De Lorenzo , Maria Pia Ruggiero , Simona Santoro , Eleonora Senini , Marco Messina , Francesca Farina , Costanza Festorazzi , Giulia Pata , Martina Laffranchi , Martina Mallus , Elena Brioni , Lorena Citterio , Laura Zagato , Marco Simonini , Chiara Lanzani , Paolo Manunta , Angelo Manfredi , Patrizia Rovere-Querini
Background
Malnutrition is a prevalent geriatric syndrome, with multifactorial etiology and consequences for health and independence. Inflammation contributes to nutritional decline, yet conventional inflammatory markers often lack sensitivity for identifying malnutrition risk. The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), a modulator of inflammatory responses, has emerged as a biomarker of disease risk and adverse outcomes in various conditions.
Objectives
to evaluate the association between circulating sRAGE levels and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults.
Methods
This prospective observational study was conducted within the FRASNET cohort. Fifty-two community-dwelling older adults underwent multidimensional geriatric assessments during two time periods: 2017–2020 and 2023–2024. Serum sRAGE levels were measured at both timepoints. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Associations between sRAGE and clinical parameters were evaluated through linear regression models adjusted for age and sex. The diagnostic performance of sRAGE in identifying malnutrition was assessed using ROC curve analysis.
Results
Higher baseline sRAGE levels were significantly associated with lower BMI (β = −0.003, p = 0.036), reduced calf circumference (β = −0.002, p = 0.04), and poorer nutritional status as revealed by MNA-SF scores (β = −0.001, p = 0.03) at follow-up. Associations were more pronounced in women. ROC analysis indicated good diagnostic accuracy for identifying malnutrition risk, with an AUC of 0.85. The optimal sRAGE cut-off value for malnutrition risk was 1362.5 pg/ml.
Conclusions
Higher sRAGE levels were prospectively associated with poorer nutritional outcomes in older adults, particularly in women. sRAGE may aid early identification of inflammation-related malnutrition risk.
{"title":"Unmasking malnutrition through soluble RAGE: A biomarker-guided insight from FRASNET","authors":"Sarah Damanti , Clara Sciorati , Amanda Avola , Rebecca De Lorenzo , Maria Pia Ruggiero , Simona Santoro , Eleonora Senini , Marco Messina , Francesca Farina , Costanza Festorazzi , Giulia Pata , Martina Laffranchi , Martina Mallus , Elena Brioni , Lorena Citterio , Laura Zagato , Marco Simonini , Chiara Lanzani , Paolo Manunta , Angelo Manfredi , Patrizia Rovere-Querini","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malnutrition is a prevalent geriatric syndrome, with multifactorial etiology and consequences for health and independence. Inflammation contributes to nutritional decline, yet conventional inflammatory markers often lack sensitivity for identifying malnutrition risk. The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), a modulator of inflammatory responses, has emerged as a biomarker of disease risk and adverse outcomes in various conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>to evaluate the association between circulating sRAGE levels and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective observational study was conducted within the FRASNET cohort. Fifty-two community-dwelling older adults underwent multidimensional geriatric assessments during two time periods: 2017–2020 and 2023–2024. Serum sRAGE levels were measured at both timepoints. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Associations between sRAGE and clinical parameters were evaluated through linear regression models adjusted for age and sex. The diagnostic performance of sRAGE in identifying malnutrition was assessed using ROC curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher baseline sRAGE levels were significantly associated with lower BMI (β = −0.003, <em>p</em> = 0.036), reduced calf circumference (β = −0.002, <em>p</em> = 0.04), and poorer nutritional status as revealed by MNA-SF scores (β = −0.001, p = 0.03) at follow-up. Associations were more pronounced in women. ROC analysis indicated good diagnostic accuracy for identifying malnutrition risk, with an AUC of 0.85. The optimal sRAGE cut-off value for malnutrition risk was 1362.5 pg/ml.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher sRAGE levels were prospectively associated with poorer nutritional outcomes in older adults, particularly in women. sRAGE may aid early identification of inflammation-related malnutrition risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2026.113038
Yu-Chiang Yeh
Background/aim
Degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) is a spinal disorder prevalent in older adults, often requiring lumbar fusion surgery. Despite the benefits of surgery, older adult patients face an increased risk of complications and readmission. This study aimed to identify risk factors for 90-day readmission following single-level lumbar fusion for DS in older adult patients.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included the data of patients aged ≥60 years who had undergone single-level lumbar fusion for DS extracted from the National Readmission Database (NRD) from 2016 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regression with backward selection was used to identify factors associated with 90-day readmission.
Results
Data of 32,894 older adult patients were analyzed (mean age 70 years, 65% female.) Significant predictors of readmission were age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.03), having Medicare/Medicaid insurance (aOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.19–1.54), myocardial infarction (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.16–1.72), venous thromboembolism (aOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.44–3.98), bleeding (aOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.08–6.40), and longer hospital stay (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06). Stratified by age ≥70 years, several different risk factors were identified between the age groups.
Conclusion
Risk factors influencing 90-day readmission following single-level lumbar fusion in older adults with DS include age, comorbidities, perioperative complications, insurance type, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Patient-centered (or customized) perioperative strategies and postoperative care may ultimately help to reduce readmission rates in this population.
{"title":"Risk factors for 90-day readmission after single-level lumbar fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis in older adults: A National Readmission Database Analysis, 2016–2020","authors":"Yu-Chiang Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/aim</h3><div>Degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) is a spinal disorder prevalent in older adults, often requiring lumbar fusion surgery. Despite the benefits of surgery, older adult patients face an increased risk of complications and readmission. This study aimed to identify risk factors for 90-day readmission following single-level lumbar fusion for DS in older adult patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included the data of patients aged ≥60 years who had undergone single-level lumbar fusion for DS extracted from the National Readmission Database (NRD) from 2016 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regression with backward selection was used to identify factors associated with 90-day readmission.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data of 32,894 older adult patients were analyzed (mean age 70 years, 65% female.) Significant predictors of readmission were age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.03), having Medicare/Medicaid insurance (aOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.19–1.54), myocardial infarction (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.16–1.72), venous thromboembolism (aOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.44–3.98), bleeding (aOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.08–6.40), and longer hospital stay (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06). Stratified by age ≥70 years, several different risk factors were identified between the age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Risk factors influencing 90-day readmission following single-level lumbar fusion in older adults with DS include age, comorbidities, perioperative complications, insurance type, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Patient-centered (or customized) perioperative strategies and postoperative care may ultimately help to reduce readmission rates in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113022
Abdullah M. Almotayri , Ali H. Alghamdi , K. ELSHERBINY , Ali A. Hroobi , Nourah M. Almimoni , Hussam A. Althagafi , Tariq Saeed Alghamdi , Fatehia N. Gharsan , Mariam S. Alghamdi , Abdullah A.A. Alghamdi
Paroxetine, a widely prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is known for its metabolic side effects, yet its long-term physiological impacts remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the effects of paroxetine on lifespan, feeding behavior, and fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans across different developmental stages and dietary conditions. We found that low-dose paroxetine extended lifespan when exposure began early, while high doses consistently reduced lifespan. Notably, the lifespan-extending effects appeared to be diminished when worms were fed a high-glucose diet, suggesting that dietary context may influence the physiological outcomes of paroxetine. Paroxetine also increased food intake without causing fat accumulation, indicating a possible metabolic uncoupling. These effects were independent of major serotonergic, dopaminergic, and insulin-like signaling pathways, pointing to alternative mechanisms. Overall, our findings highlight the potential roles of dose, timing of exposure, and diet in shaping the physiological impacts of SSRIs.
{"title":"The effects of paroxetine on lifespan, feeding behavior, and other physiological parameters in the nematode C. elegans under a modified bacterial diet","authors":"Abdullah M. Almotayri , Ali H. Alghamdi , K. ELSHERBINY , Ali A. Hroobi , Nourah M. Almimoni , Hussam A. Althagafi , Tariq Saeed Alghamdi , Fatehia N. Gharsan , Mariam S. Alghamdi , Abdullah A.A. Alghamdi","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paroxetine, a widely prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is known for its metabolic side effects, yet its long-term physiological impacts remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the effects of paroxetine on lifespan, feeding behavior, and fat accumulation in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> across different developmental stages and dietary conditions. We found that low-dose paroxetine extended lifespan when exposure began early, while high doses consistently reduced lifespan. Notably, the lifespan-extending effects appeared to be diminished when worms were fed a high-glucose diet, suggesting that dietary context may influence the physiological outcomes of paroxetine. Paroxetine also increased food intake without causing fat accumulation, indicating a possible metabolic uncoupling. These effects were independent of major serotonergic, dopaminergic, and insulin-like signaling pathways, pointing to alternative mechanisms. Overall, our findings highlight the potential roles of dose, timing of exposure, and diet in shaping the physiological impacts of SSRIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2025.113020
Tianle Zou , Jialin Liu , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Enming Zhang , Xiaolong Wang , Jun Ju , Xiuxiu Huang , Qiong Fang
Background
This study aimed to adopt the network analysis approach to elucidate the complex associations among various domains of intrinsic capacity (IC) and the factors contributing to IC impairments among community-dwelling older adults based on the health ecological model.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was adopted, and older adults were recruited from local community health centers. IC was assessed using standardized tools recommended by the World Health Organization. The potential influencing factors of IC were collected based on the health ecological model, including personal characteristics, behavioral lifestyles, interpersonal networks, and living and working conditions. Network analyses were performed using a mixed graphical model to explore the complex relationships among IC domains and their associated factors.
Results
Among 3398 eligible participants, 2634 (77.52 %) individuals showed IC impairment, including mobility impairment (46.60 %), cognition impairment (39.38 %) and sensory impairment (35.00 %). Cognition and mobility functions were strongly interrelated (r = 0.24). The predictability values for IC domains were 27.7 % for cognition, 22.9 % for mobility, 15.4 % for psychology, 8.0 % for vitality and 7.5 % for sensory function. Education, age, monthly income, and the number of comorbidities showed close correlations with multiple IC domains. Furthermore, cognition showed specific positive links with lifestyles involving more mental engagement and intellectual work. Mobility was particularly associated with physical activity, including leisure time and household physical activities. Psychological capacity showed a specific association with sleep quality.
Conclusions
IC, particularly in the domains of cognition and mobility, was prevalently impaired among older adults. We identified both common and domain-specific factors associated with IC, offering insights for developing targeted interventions to enhance IC.
{"title":"Complex relationships among various domains of intrinsic capacity and their associated factors in community-dwelling older adults: A network analysis","authors":"Tianle Zou , Jialin Liu , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Enming Zhang , Xiaolong Wang , Jun Ju , Xiuxiu Huang , Qiong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to adopt the network analysis approach to elucidate the complex associations among various domains of intrinsic capacity (IC) and the factors contributing to IC impairments among community-dwelling older adults based on the health ecological model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional design was adopted, and older adults were recruited from local community health centers. IC was assessed using standardized tools recommended by the World Health Organization. The potential influencing factors of IC were collected based on the health ecological model, including personal characteristics, behavioral lifestyles, interpersonal networks, and living and working conditions. Network analyses were performed using a mixed graphical model to explore the complex relationships among IC domains and their associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 3398 eligible participants, 2634 (77.52 %) individuals showed IC impairment, including mobility impairment (46.60 %), cognition impairment (39.38 %) and sensory impairment (35.00 %). Cognition and mobility functions were strongly interrelated (<em>r</em> = 0.24). The predictability values for IC domains were 27.7 % for cognition, 22.9 % for mobility, 15.4 % for psychology, 8.0 % for vitality and 7.5 % for sensory function. Education, age, monthly income, and the number of comorbidities showed close correlations with multiple IC domains. Furthermore, cognition showed specific positive links with lifestyles involving more mental engagement and intellectual work. Mobility was particularly associated with physical activity, including leisure time and household physical activities. Psychological capacity showed a specific association with sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IC, particularly in the domains of cognition and mobility, was prevalently impaired among older adults. We identified both common and domain-specific factors associated with IC, offering insights for developing targeted interventions to enhance IC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145893549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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