Experimental gerontology最新文献_第6页

Co-administration of coenzyme Q10 and curcumin mitigates cognitive deficits and exerts neuroprotective effects in aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer's disease in aged mice 辅酶Q10和姜黄素共同给药可减轻氯化铝诱导老年小鼠阿尔茨海默病的认知缺陷并发挥神经保护作用。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112659

Nida Rasheed , Hafiza Khushbakht Hussain , Zohabia Rehman , Azka Sabir , Waseem Ashraf , Tanveer Ahmad , Faleh Alqahtani , Imran Imran

Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃), a known neurotoxic and Alzheimerogenic metal disrupts redox homeostasis which plays a pivotal role in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly cognitive decline. The current study was designed to unveil the long-term neuroprotective outcomes and efficacy of CoQ10 and curcumin low dose (100 mg/kg each) combination in 18-months old geriatric male Balb/c mice subjected to AlCl₃-prompted memory derangements (200 mg/kg in water bottles) for 28 days. The neuroprotective properties driven by antioxidant mechanisms were assessed via observing cellular pathology in key-memory related brain regions including the cornuammonis (CA3 and DG) and cortex 2/3 layer. Our outcomes revealed that AlCl₃ exposure significantly reduced spatial learning and memory. In contrast, CoQ10 and curcumin combinatorial regime markedly mitigated cognitive deficits Vs. individual high-dose in AlCl₃-treated animals as demonstrated by their improved performance in neurobehavioral tests such as the Y-maze, novel object recognition, passive avoidance and Morris-water maze test. Additionally, CoQ10 and curcumin co-administration restored redox balance by significantly reducing the levels of oxidative stressor (MDA) and increasing the anti-oxidant capacity (SOD,GPx). AchE is an enzyme involved in acetylcholine breakdown which negatively impacts acetylcholine levels and memory function. AlCl₃ exposure elevated AchE levels in mice brains vs. treatment. This neurochemical alteration was notably reversed in the dual-treatment group. Furthermore, CoQ10 and curcumin ameliorated AlCl₃-induced neurotoxicity by preserving neuronal cytoarchitecture in both cortical and hippocampal regions. In conclusion, CoQ10 and curcumin combination might attenuate memory loss induced by AlCl₃-intoxication via restoring aberrant AchE activity, enhanced anti-oxidant defenses and salvaging the deleterious neuronal damage.

氯化铝（AlCl3）是一种已知的神经毒性和阿尔茨海默病金属，它破坏氧化还原稳态，在神经退行性疾病，特别是认知能力下降的病理生理中起关键作用。本研究旨在揭示CoQ10和姜黄素低剂量（各100 mg/kg）组合对18月龄老年雄性Balb/c小鼠的长期神经保护结果和疗效，这些小鼠受到alcl3引起的记忆紊乱（水瓶中200 mg/kg），持续28 天。通过观察关键记忆相关脑区（CA3和DG）和皮质2/3层的细胞病理学，评估抗氧化机制驱动的神经保护作用。我们的研究结果显示，AlCl3暴露显著降低了空间学习和记忆。相比之下，辅酶q10和姜黄素联合治疗方案明显减轻了alcl3治疗动物的认知缺陷，这表明它们在神经行为测试中的表现有所改善，如y迷宫、新物体识别、被动回避和莫里斯-水迷宫测试。此外，CoQ10和姜黄素共给药通过显著降低氧化应激源（MDA）水平和增加抗氧化能力（SOD,GPx）来恢复氧化还原平衡。乙酰胆碱酯酶是一种参与乙酰胆碱分解的酶，它对乙酰胆碱水平和记忆功能产生负面影响。与治疗相比，暴露于AlCl3可提高小鼠脑内乙酰胆碱酯酶水平。这种神经化学改变在双重治疗组明显逆转。此外，辅酶q10和姜黄素通过保留皮层和海马区的神经元细胞结构来改善alcl3诱导的神经毒性。综上所述，CoQ10和姜黄素联合使用可能通过恢复乙酰胆碱酯酶异常活性、增强抗氧化防御和挽救有害神经元损伤来减轻alcl3中毒引起的记忆丧失。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “TDP-43 ameliorates aging-related cartilage degradation through preventing chondrocyte senescence” [Experimental Gerontology Volume 195 (2024) 1-8 /112546] “TDP-43通过防止软骨细胞衰老改善与衰老相关的软骨退化”的勘误表[实验老年学卷195(2024)1-8 /112546]。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112653

Limeiting Wang , Jun Zhang , Lu Liang , Zijun Song , Pinwen Wang , Liya Ma , Zhenhui Liao , Ning Li , Hefeng Yang , Song Li

引用次数: 0

Dietary phytochemicals alleviate the premature skin aging: A comprehensive review 膳食植物化学物质缓解皮肤过早衰老：一个全面的综述。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112660

Harpreet Singh , Y.T. Kamal , Jessica Pandohee , Arun Kumar Mishra , Aritra Biswas , Sourav Mohanto , Arvind Kumar , Sagnik Nag , Amrita Mishra , Mhaveer Singh , Himanshu Gupta , Hitesh Chopra

Skin aging, often called as premature skin aging, is the hastened deterioration of the skin resulting from multiple factors, including UV radiation, environmental contaminants, inadequate nutrition, stress, etc. Dietary phytochemicals, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-derived meals, have gained interest due to their efficiency to eradicate free radicals and lowering the release of inflammatory mediators which accounts for premature skin aging. Several dietary phytochemicals, i.e., carotenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, phytosterols, etc., exhibited potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, suppression of UV damage, and promote collagen synthesis. In addition, dietary phytochemicals include sulfur, present in various foods safeguard the skin against oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, this article delves into the comprehension of various dietary phytochemicals investigated to alleviate the premature skin aging. The article further highlights specific phytochemicals and their sources, bioavailability, mechanisms, etc., in the context of safeguarding the skin against oxidative stress and inflammation. The present manuscript is a systematic comprehension of the available literature on dietary phytochemicals and skin aging in various database, i.e., PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar using the keywords, i.e., “dietary phytochemicals”, “nutraceuticals”, “skin aging” etc., via Boolean operator, i.e., “AND”. The dietary guidelines presented in the manuscript is a unique summarization for a broad reader to understand the inclusion of various functional foods, nutrients, supplements, etc., to prevent premature skin aging. Thus, the utilization of dietary phytochemicals has shown a promising avenue in preventing skin aging, however, the future perspectives and challenges of such phytochemicals should be comprehended via clinical investigations.

皮肤老化，通常被称为皮肤过早老化，是由紫外线辐射、环境污染物、营养不足、压力等多种因素导致的皮肤加速老化。存在于水果、蔬菜和其他植物性食物中的膳食植物化学物质，因其有效根除自由基和降低导致皮肤过早衰老的炎症介质的释放而引起了人们的兴趣。几种膳食植物化学物质，如类胡萝卜素、多酚、黄酮类、萜烯、生物碱、植物甾醇等，具有潜在的抗氧化、抗炎、抑制紫外线损伤和促进胶原合成的作用。此外，膳食中的植物化学物质包括硫，存在于各种食物中，保护皮肤免受氧化应激和炎症的侵害。因此，本文深入探讨了各种膳食植物化学物质对缓解皮肤过早衰老的作用。文章进一步强调了特定的植物化学物质及其来源，生物利用度，机制等，在保护皮肤免受氧化应激和炎症的背景下。本文通过布尔运算符，即“and”，对PubMed、ScienceDirect、谷歌Scholar等数据库中关于膳食植物化学物质与皮肤老化的现有文献进行了系统的理解，关键词为“膳食植物化学物质”、“营养药品”、“皮肤老化”等。手稿中提出的膳食指南是一个独特的总结，为广大读者了解包括各种功能食品，营养素，补充剂等，以防止皮肤过早老化。因此，利用膳食植物化学物质在预防皮肤衰老方面显示出一条有希望的途径，然而，这些植物化学物质的未来前景和挑战应通过临床研究来理解。

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引用次数: 0

Action observation with motor simulation of reactive stepping: A randomized study in older adults with a history of falls 运动模拟反应性步进的动作观察：一项有跌倒史的老年人的随机研究。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112645

Lotte Hagedoorn , Aurora Ruiz-Rodríguez , Ilse Leijen , Edwin van Asseldonk , Vivian Weerdesteyn

Background

Perturbation-based training improves reactive stepping responses to prevent falling following a loss-of-balance. As there is currently no safe and feasible method for home-based practice, this randomized study investigated whether action observation with motor simulation (AOMS) of balance recovery improves reactive stepping in older adults with a history of falls. Additionally, we evaluated whether effects differ between AOMS of a human actor in the same experimental context or of an avatar in a virtual world.

Methods

Seventy participants with a history of falls (68.3 ± 5.2y/o;52f) were subjected to 20 balance perturbations eliciting backward reactive steps. The AOMS group was tested after simulation of 20 reactive steps demonstrated by either a human actor (HumanAOMS) or a virtual avatar (AvatarAOMS). The control group was tested without prior observation. The primary outcome was reactive step quality, quantified as the leg angle at stepping-foot contact.

Results

Differences between groups in the first perturbation trial were not significant. Upon repeated trials, both AOMS groups improved reactive step quality substantially faster than the control group. AOMS participants required on average five repetitions to achieve a reactive step quality that was no longer different from final performance in the last trial, whereas the control group needed ten. Both HumanAOMS and AvatarAOMS yielded similar gains.

Conclusions

The lack of effect in the first trial suggests that AOMS alone may not be sufficient for preventing real-life falls in this population. A next step would be to investigate whether this could be achieved by combining brief real perturbation practice with AOMS.

背景：基于扰动的训练提高了反应性步进反应，以防止失去平衡后跌倒。由于目前没有安全可行的家庭实践方法，本随机研究调查了运动模拟（AOMS）平衡恢复的动作观察是否能改善有跌倒史的老年人的反应性步进。此外，我们评估了在相同的实验环境中，人类演员的AOMS和虚拟世界中的化身的AOMS的效果是否不同。方法：70名有跌倒史（68.3 ± 5.2y/o;52f）的参与者进行20次平衡扰动，引起后退反应步骤。AOMS组在模拟20个反应步骤后进行测试，这些步骤由真人演员（HumanAOMS）或虚拟化身（AvatarAOMS）演示。对照组不作任何观察。主要结果是反应性台阶质量，量化为脚与脚接触时的腿部角度。结果：第一次摄动试验组间差异无统计学意义。经过反复试验，两个AOMS组改善反应步骤质量的速度都明显快于对照组。AOMS参与者平均需要五次重复才能达到与上次试验中的最终表现不再不同的反应步骤质量，而对照组则需要十次。HumanAOMS和AvatarAOMS都取得了类似的成果。结论：在第一次试验中缺乏效果表明单独的AOMS可能不足以预防这一人群现实生活中的跌倒。下一步将是研究是否可以通过将短暂的实际扰动实践与AOMS相结合来实现这一目标。

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引用次数: 0

Decoding the synergistic potential of herbal medicine and dietary supplements for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis 解码草药和膳食补充剂治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的协同潜力。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112648

Jinfang Dou , Xuehong Hu , Junchang Liu , Jiaxian Liu , Chuyue Zhang , Yuelin Zhang , Xianjie Zhen , Siyu Tao , Jinghua Zhang , Guangjian Jiang

Purpose

The exploration of the combined effects of FLL and quinoa presents an intriguing opportunity to enhance the efficacy of osteoporosis treatment.

Methods

This study aimed to predict the potential anti-osteoporotic effects of FLL and quinoa using network pharmacology and subsequently verify these predictions through experimental investigation. Thirty rats were divided into five groups: sham operation group (SO), ovariectomized group (OVX), FLL group (FLL), quinoa group (Quinoa), and FLL combined with quinoa group (F&Q). The 12-week experiment involved measurements of bone density and microstructure, histological evaluation of femoral trabeculae and bone cortex, quantification of osteoclasts in the femur, assessment of osteoclast differentiation factor expression (NFATc1 and C-Fos), and measurement of collagen I carboxyl-terminal peptide (CTX-1). Additionally, intestinal flora analysis was performed.

Results

The results demonstrated reduced bone mineral density, compromised bone microarchitecture, increased osteoclast numbers and differentiation, and enhanced bone resorption in the OVX group, which were completely ameliorated by FLL, quinoa and F&Q interventions. F&Q exhibited superior improvement in bone density and microarchitecture compared to FLL and quinoa, although no significant differences were observed in their effects on osteoclasts and bone resorption. Gut flora analysis revealed that F&Q was more effective than FLL and quinoa in alleviating OVX-induced intestinal flora disorders, particularly in terms of enhancing intestinal flora diversity and function.

Conclusion

The combo of FLL and quinoa was more effective in treating ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and gut flora dysbiosis than FLL alone.

目的：探索藜麦与FLL的联合作用，为提高骨质疏松症的疗效提供了一个有趣的机会。方法：利用网络药理学方法预测藜麦和藜麦的潜在抗骨质疏松作用，并通过实验验证。30只大鼠分为5组：假手术组（SO）、去卵巢组（OVX）、FLL组（FLL）、藜麦组（quinoa）、FLL联合藜麦组（F&Q）。为期12周的实验包括骨密度和微结构测量、股骨小梁和骨皮质组织学评估、股骨破骨细胞定量、破骨细胞分化因子表达（NFATc1和C-Fos）评估、I型胶原羧基末端肽（CTX-1）测量。此外，进行肠道菌群分析。结果：OVX组骨密度降低，骨微结构受损，破骨细胞数量和分化增加，骨吸收增强，FLL、藜麦和F&Q干预完全改善了这一现象。与FLL和藜麦相比，F&Q在骨密度和微结构方面表现出更好的改善，尽管它们对破骨细胞和骨吸收的影响没有显著差异。肠道菌群分析显示，F&Q在缓解ovx诱导的肠道菌群紊乱方面比F&Q和藜麦更有效，特别是在增强肠道菌群多样性和功能方面。结论：藜麦与黄芪多糖联合治疗卵巢切除所致骨质疏松及肠道菌群失调的疗效优于单用黄芪多糖。

{"title":"Decoding the synergistic potential of herbal medicine and dietary supplements for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis","authors":"Jinfang Dou , Xuehong Hu , Junchang Liu , Jiaxian Liu , Chuyue Zhang , Yuelin Zhang , Xianjie Zhen , Siyu Tao , Jinghua Zhang , Guangjian Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The exploration of the combined effects of FLL and quinoa presents an intriguing opportunity to enhance the efficacy of osteoporosis treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study aimed to predict the potential anti-osteoporotic effects of FLL and quinoa using network pharmacology and subsequently verify these predictions through experimental investigation. Thirty rats were divided into five groups: sham operation group (SO), ovariectomized group (OVX), FLL group (FLL), quinoa group (Quinoa), and FLL combined with quinoa group (F&Q). The 12-week experiment involved measurements of bone density and microstructure, histological evaluation of femoral trabeculae and bone cortex, quantification of osteoclasts in the femur, assessment of osteoclast differentiation factor expression (NFATc1 and C-Fos), and measurement of collagen I carboxyl-terminal peptide (CTX-1). Additionally, intestinal flora analysis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated reduced bone mineral density, compromised bone microarchitecture, increased osteoclast numbers and differentiation, and enhanced bone resorption in the OVX group, which were completely ameliorated by FLL, quinoa and F&Q interventions. F&Q exhibited superior improvement in bone density and microarchitecture compared to FLL and quinoa, although no significant differences were observed in their effects on osteoclasts and bone resorption. Gut flora analysis revealed that F&Q was more effective than FLL and quinoa in alleviating OVX-induced intestinal flora disorders, particularly in terms of enhancing intestinal flora diversity and function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combo of FLL and quinoa was more effective in treating ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis and gut flora dysbiosis than FLL alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exercise training alters resting brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials 运动训练可改变老年人静息脑源性神经营养因子的浓度：随机对照试验的系统回顾与荟萃分析。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112658

Farhad Gholami , Javad Mesrabadi , Mohadeseh Iranpour , Adel Donyaei

This systematic review with meta-analysis investigated the effects of exercise training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in older adults. Electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for studies investigating the effect of exercise training ≥4 weeks on resting BDNF levels in older adults. A standardized mean difference (SMD) was generated through random effects model. Thirty-five randomized-controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Exercise training significantly increased resting BDNF levels [SMD = 0.56 (95 % CI 0.28 to 0.85)] both in plasma (SMD = 0.63) and serum (SMD = 0.54). Regarding exercise modality, aerobic (SMD = 0.48), resistance (SMD = 0.76) and combined exercise training (SMD = 0.55) increased BDNF levels. Exercise training with the duration of 12 weeks (SMD =0.65), moderate-to-vigorous (SMD = 0.83) and vigorous intensity (SMD = 0.71), and 3–4 sessions per week frequency (SMD = 0.78) yielded the largest effects on BDNF elevation. Since BDNF represents a fundamental contribution in neuronal processes and is linked to brain health, exercise training may help delay aging-related neuro-degenerative processes.

Registration number

CRD42024499195.

本系统综述结合荟萃分析研究了运动训练对老年人脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的影响。检索PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus的电子数据库，寻找运动训练≥4 周对老年人静息BDNF水平影响的研究。通过随机效应模型生成标准化平均差（SMD）。35个随机对照试验符合纳入标准。运动训练显著提高血浆（SMD = 0.63）和血清（SMD = 0.54）静息BDNF水平[SMD = 0.56(95 % CI 0.28 ~ 0.85)]。在运动方式方面，有氧运动（SMD = 0.48）、阻力运动（SMD = 0.76）和联合运动训练（SMD = 0.55）增加了BDNF水平。持续时间为12 周（SMD =0.65）、中度到剧烈（SMD = 0.83）和剧烈强度（SMD = 0.71）的运动训练，以及每周3-4次的频率（SMD = 0.78）对BDNF升高的影响最大。由于BDNF在神经元过程中起着重要作用，并且与大脑健康有关，因此运动训练可能有助于延缓与衰老相关的神经退行性过程。注册号：crd42024499195。

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引用次数: 0

Shadow puppetry therapy enhances dementia-related cognitive function and interpersonal relationship 皮影戏治疗增强痴呆相关认知功能和人际关系。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112667

Shu-Yuan Chao , Hsiao-Mei Chen , Bei-Yi Su

Background

With the growing demand for dementia care, non-pharmacological interventions, such as creative arts therapies, have been proven effective in stabilizing cognitive function. Shadow Puppetry Therapy (SPT), which integrates visual, auditory, and kinesthetic elements, offers a promising care option for individuals with dementia.

Objective

This study evaluated the effectiveness of SPT on cognitive function, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships among older adults with mild dementia.

Methods

We adopted a quasi-experimental design and recruited 33 older adults with mild dementia from two dementia care centers. Older adults with mild dementia were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 18). The experimental group participated in a 16-week SPT program, and the control group engaged in regular activities, such as physical exercises, painting, cooking, music, and handicraft projects. Assessments included the short portable mental status questionnaire (SPMSQ), the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), and the interpersonal relationship scale, with evaluations conducted before and after the intervention.

Results

The intervention significantly improved cognitive function, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships in the experimental group. SPMSQ scores decreased, indicating enhanced cognitive function (p = .001), while self-esteem and interpersonal relationship scores showed significant improvements (p = .001). No significant changes were observed in the control group.

Conclusion

SPT is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for enhancing cognitive function, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships in older adults with mild dementia. The findings support the integration of creative arts therapies into dementia care.

背景：随着痴呆症护理需求的增长，非药物干预，如创造性艺术疗法，已被证明在稳定认知功能方面有效。皮影戏疗法（SPT）结合了视觉、听觉和动觉元素，为痴呆症患者提供了一种有前途的护理选择。目的：本研究评估SPT对老年轻度痴呆患者认知功能、自尊和人际关系的影响。方法：采用准实验设计，从两家痴呆护理中心招募33名轻度痴呆老年人。患有轻度痴呆的老年人被随机分为实验组（n = 15）和对照组（n = 18）。实验组参加了为期16周的SPT项目，对照组则定期参加活动，如体育锻炼、绘画、烹饪、音乐和手工艺项目。评估采用简易便携式心理状态问卷（SPMSQ）、Rosenberg自尊量表（RSES）和人际关系量表，分别在干预前后进行评估。结果：干预显著改善了实验组的认知功能、自尊和人际关系。SPMSQ得分下降，表明认知功能增强（p = .001），而自尊和人际关系得分有显著改善（p = .001）。对照组未见明显变化。结论：SPT是一种有效的非药物干预，可改善老年轻度痴呆患者的认知功能、自尊和人际关系。研究结果支持将创造性艺术疗法整合到痴呆症护理中。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial for the special issue on “microbiomes in extremes of aging” “极端衰老中的微生物组”特刊社论。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112663

Hariom Yadav , Varsha D. Badal , Michal M. Masternak , Christiaan Leeuwenburgh

This special issue of the Journal of Experimental Gerontology explores the dynamic interplay between microbiomes and aging-related conditions. The four selected studies highlight the role of microbiota in Alzheimer's disease, cancer immunotherapy, myocardial infarction and tryptophan metabolism, providing insights into how microbiomes influence health and disease in aging. These studies underscore the potential for microbiome-targeted interventions to mitigate aging-related disorders and improve the quality of life for older adults.

本期《实验老年学杂志》特刊探讨了微生物组与衰老相关条件之间的动态相互作用。这四项选定的研究突出了微生物群在阿尔茨海默病、癌症免疫治疗、心肌梗死和色氨酸代谢中的作用，为微生物群如何影响衰老过程中的健康和疾病提供了见解。这些研究强调了以微生物组为目标的干预措施在缓解衰老相关疾病和改善老年人生活质量方面的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Spermidine alleviates thymopoiesis defects and aging of the peripheral T-cell population in mice after radiation exposure 亚精胺减轻辐射后小鼠外周血t细胞群的胸腺发育缺陷和衰老。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112646

Kengo Yoshida , Zhenqiu Liu , Yoshiko Kubo , Masahiko Miura , Mika Yamaoka , Hiroko Nagamura , Munechika Misumi , Yoichiro Kusunoki

The T cell aging process can be modified by genotoxic factors, including ionizing radiation, and metabolic controls, such as caloric restriction; the former accelerates and the latter retards the process. However, the mechanisms by which these systemic factors interact to cause T cell aging remain unclear. This study investigated the naïve T-cell pool, thymic cellularity, and transcriptome in mice irradiated with 3.8 Gy at 5 weeks of age and treated 13 months later with 30 mM spermidine (SPD), a metabolism regulator. The number of conventional naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells in the peripheral blood decreased 14 months after irradiation whereas the number of virtual memory naïve T cells, which increased with age, further increased by irradiation. However, these radiation-related changes were not significant in similarly irradiated mice that were subsequently treated with SPD. The numbers of total, double-positive, and single-positive thymocytes were decreased by irradiation, whereas none were decreased in the irradiated mice treated with SPD. RNA sequencing of thymus cells revealed 803 upregulated genes in irradiated mice compared with those in non-irradiated control mice, with these genes enriched in leukocyte activation and inflammatory cytokine production. However, only 22 genes were upregulated in irradiated and SPD-treated mice, suggesting a reversal of many radiation-induced gene expression changes. These findings suggest that SPD may alleviate radiation-induced acceleration of T-cell aging, particularly by mitigating reduced thymopoiesis and inflammation. Further research is warranted to explore the rejuvenating potential of SPD and its mechanisms of action in accelerated T-cell aging.

T细胞衰老过程可以通过基因毒性因素（包括电离辐射）和代谢控制（如热量限制）来改变；前者加快了这一进程，后者则延缓了这一进程。然而，这些系统因素相互作用导致T细胞衰老的机制尚不清楚。本研究研究了在5 周龄时接受3.8 Gy辐射的小鼠的naïve t细胞池、胸腺细胞数量和转录组，并在13 个月后接受30 mM亚精胺（一种代谢调节剂）治疗。辐照后14 个月，外周血常规naïve CD4和CD8 T细胞数量减少，而虚拟记忆naïve T细胞数量随年龄增长而增加，辐照后进一步增加。然而，这些与辐射相关的变化在随后接受SPD治疗的类似辐照小鼠中并不显著。总胸腺细胞、双阳性胸腺细胞和单阳性胸腺细胞的数量均减少，而SPD处理的小鼠胸腺细胞数量没有减少。对胸腺细胞的RNA测序显示，与未受辐射的对照组小鼠相比，受辐射小鼠胸腺细胞中803个基因表达上调，这些基因在白细胞活化和炎症细胞因子产生中富集。然而，在辐射和spd处理的小鼠中，只有22个基因表达上调，这表明许多辐射诱导的基因表达变化发生逆转。这些发现表明SPD可以减轻辐射引起的t细胞加速老化，特别是通过减轻胸腺生成和炎症的减少。进一步的研究需要探索SPD的恢复潜力及其在加速t细胞衰老中的作用机制。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the effect of using a home safety training application by caregivers on accident risk management in the elderly 调查护理人员使用家庭安全培训应用程序对老年人事故风险管理的影响。

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112661

Mahdie Dehnavi , Najmeh Valizadeh zare , Seyd Reza Mazlom , Samira Mohajer , Tahereh Sadeghi , Mohammad Namazinia , Danial Baghie

Background

The increasing elderly population is a complex and globally significant phenomenon impacting various sectors of society, including healthcare. By 2050, it is projected that one-fourth of Iran's population will be elderly. Falls are a major concern among the elderly, leading to physical and psychological injuries and imposing significant financial burdens on healthcare and social systems. Given the widespread acceptance of smartphones and mobile health applications, however limited research has been conducted on the effectiveness of mobile applications in training caregivers for home safety and accident prevention in elderly populations.

Methods

This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2022 in Mashhad, Iran. The sample consisted of 66 elderly caregivers, randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the Home Safety Self-Assessment Tool (HSSAT). The intervention group used a home safety educational application, while the control group received educational brochures. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and appropriate statistical tests.

Results

Sixty-two elderly caregivers participated in the study, with a mean age of 72 ± 37.7 years. The chi-square test showed no significant difference in gender distribution between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.060). The majority of participants in both groups had a high school education. Before the training, there was no significant difference in the mean accident risk management scores between the two groups (p = 0.713). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant time effect (F(1, 60) = 408, p < 0.001, Partial η² = 0.872) and a significant group effect (F(1, 60) = 5, p = 0.025, Partial η² = 0.081). Additionally, the interaction between time and group was significant (F(1, 60) = 6, p = 0.015, Partial η² = 0.095), indicating a greater improvement in accident risk management scores in the intervention group compared to the control group.

Conclusions

The use of home safety educational applications can effectively reduce the risk of accidents and improve preventive measures management among the elderly. These modern educational tools can alleviate the burden on healthcare systems and save costs associated with in-person training. Future research should continue exploring innovative educational methods to enhance the safety and well-being of the elderly population.

Trial registration

This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (no. IRCT20210610051532N1) on 07/09/2021.

背景：老年人口的增加是一个复杂的、具有全球意义的现象，影响着社会的各个部门，包括医疗保健。到2050年，预计四分之一的伊朗人口将是老年人。跌倒是老年人的一个主要问题，它会导致身体和心理伤害，并给医疗保健和社会系统带来沉重的经济负担。方法：该随机临床试验于2022年在马什哈德进行。样本由66名老年护理人员组成，随机分为干预组和对照组。数据收集工具包括人口统计信息问卷和家庭安全自我评估工具（HSSAT）。干预组使用家庭安全教育应用程序，而对照组则使用教育小册子。采用SPSS软件及相应的统计检验对数据进行分析。结果：共有62名老年护理人员参与研究，平均年龄为72岁 ± 37.7 岁。卡方检验显示，干预组与对照组性别分布差异无统计学意义（p = 0.060）。两组中的大多数参与者都受过高中教育。训练前，两组事故风险管理平均得分差异无统计学意义（p = 0.713）。重复测量方差分析显示大量的时间效应(F(60) = 408,p 2 = 0.872)和一个组效果显著(F(1、60) = 5 p = 0.025,部分η2 = 0.081)。此外，时间与组间交互作用显著（F（1,60） = 6,p = 0.015,Partial η2 = 0.095），表明干预组事故风险管理评分较对照组有较大改善。结论：使用家庭安全教育应用程序可以有效降低老年人的意外事故风险，改善预防措施管理。这些现代教育工具可以减轻医疗保健系统的负担，并节省与面对面培训相关的成本。未来的研究应继续探索创新的教育方法，以提高老年人口的安全和福祉。试验注册：本研究已在伊朗临床试验注册中心注册(注册号：IRCT20210610051532N1)。

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