Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507135
Y. Dong, P. Zwahlen, A. Nguyen, F. Rudolf, J. Stauffer
Traditional inertial grade accelerometers, based on vibrating quartz structures, which have excellent dynamic range, are vital components in avionics. However, such kinds of accelerometers suffer from high cost and exhibit post-shock stability degradation in particular high-shock, high-vibration environments. MEMS fabrication process is an inherently rugged technology and has great potential to bring forth novel solutions on the harsh environment and safety critical applications. This paper reports on a very high performance closed-loop MEMS accelerometer targeted at inertial navigation applications. The chasing primary goal is not for the lower costs and small size, but the performance; the MEMS accelerometer's specifications compete with very high performance accelerometers. The demonstrated MEMS accelerometer is a bulk manufactured capacitive sensor with 11g input full scale over a 300 Hz bandwidth, which is controlled by highly optimized closed-loop electronics. The one-bit sigma-delta 5th-order regulation loop leads to dramatic linearity improvement and consequently vibration rectification factor (VRE). The major improvement in bias stability comes from MEMS design and process flow. Measurements show a long-term bias stability of ±0.1mg, a VRE of better than 10µg/g2, an in-band noise floor of 1µg/vHz and a 120dB dynamic range in a 100 Hz bandwidth. Additional attraction is the low power consumption of the MEMS accelerometers, which makes the power consumption critical applications feasible in the future unmanned air vehicles (UAV).
{"title":"High performance inertial navigation grade sigma-delta MEMS accelerometer","authors":"Y. Dong, P. Zwahlen, A. Nguyen, F. Rudolf, J. Stauffer","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507135","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional inertial grade accelerometers, based on vibrating quartz structures, which have excellent dynamic range, are vital components in avionics. However, such kinds of accelerometers suffer from high cost and exhibit post-shock stability degradation in particular high-shock, high-vibration environments. MEMS fabrication process is an inherently rugged technology and has great potential to bring forth novel solutions on the harsh environment and safety critical applications. This paper reports on a very high performance closed-loop MEMS accelerometer targeted at inertial navigation applications. The chasing primary goal is not for the lower costs and small size, but the performance; the MEMS accelerometer's specifications compete with very high performance accelerometers. The demonstrated MEMS accelerometer is a bulk manufactured capacitive sensor with 11g input full scale over a 300 Hz bandwidth, which is controlled by highly optimized closed-loop electronics. The one-bit sigma-delta 5th-order regulation loop leads to dramatic linearity improvement and consequently vibration rectification factor (VRE). The major improvement in bias stability comes from MEMS design and process flow. Measurements show a long-term bias stability of ±0.1mg, a VRE of better than 10µg/g2, an in-band noise floor of 1µg/vHz and a 120dB dynamic range in a 100 Hz bandwidth. Additional attraction is the low power consumption of the MEMS accelerometers, which makes the power consumption critical applications feasible in the future unmanned air vehicles (UAV).","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86266931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507200
Xinyuan Zhang, Zhigang Huang, Rui Li
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) is a kind of technical used in domain of GNSS. It can provide warning to user when positioning result deviates from the real position critically. It is, therefore, necessary to demarcate the errors in the position domain on analyzing RAIM performance quantitatively as well as to confirm the relationship from the pseudorange error to the position error. This paper analyzes the impact of constant and random errors in domain of pseudorange on positioning failure, gives the error conversion method from pseudorange domain to position domain, and generates the critical bias concept. This paper also gives the difference of error sensitivity between the GPS alone and the multi constellate configuration. Simulation result showed some performance differences between these two configurations.
{"title":"RAIM analysis in the position domain","authors":"Xinyuan Zhang, Zhigang Huang, Rui Li","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507200","url":null,"abstract":"Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) is a kind of technical used in domain of GNSS. It can provide warning to user when positioning result deviates from the real position critically. It is, therefore, necessary to demarcate the errors in the position domain on analyzing RAIM performance quantitatively as well as to confirm the relationship from the pseudorange error to the position error. This paper analyzes the impact of constant and random errors in domain of pseudorange on positioning failure, gives the error conversion method from pseudorange domain to position domain, and generates the critical bias concept. This paper also gives the difference of error sensitivity between the GPS alone and the multi constellate configuration. Simulation result showed some performance differences between these two configurations.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86720896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507238
M. Sahmoudi, C. Yang, V. Calmettes
In this work, we propose to explore the cyclostationarity spectral characteristic of GNSS signals, in conjunction with cognitive radio (CR) technology to develop a new cognitive GNSS receiver, able to adapt the acquisition and tracking processing of GNSS signals according to the navigation environment.
{"title":"The merits of the cyclostationarity of BOC signals for a cognitive GNSS receiver design","authors":"M. Sahmoudi, C. Yang, V. Calmettes","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507238","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we propose to explore the cyclostationarity spectral characteristic of GNSS signals, in conjunction with cognitive radio (CR) technology to develop a new cognitive GNSS receiver, able to adapt the acquisition and tracking processing of GNSS signals according to the navigation environment.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89204790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507206
G. Giorgi, P. Teunissen, D. Odijk, P. Buist
GNSS-based attitude determination is a viable technique with a large spectrum of applications. Attitude determination requires an accurate relative positioning solution, that can be provided by the very precise GNSS carrier phase observables. The phase observables are, however, biased by unknown integer ambiguities, that must be resolved in order to fully exploit their higher precision. By applying the optimal integer least-squares (ILS) principle and introducing a nontrivial modification of the popular LAMBDA method, a set of geometrical nonlinear constraints given by the known antennas placement on the platform is embedded in the ambiguity search method. The multivariate constrained LAMBDA method is described and tested: the large improvement in fixing the correct set of integer ambiguities from single-frequency, single-epoch observations is stressed, as this is the most challenging scenario for ambiguity resolution. The method is tested by processing and analyzing actual GNSS data, collected on both static and dynamic platforms. The experimental results show the enormous improvement obtained when applying the nonlinearly constrained, mixed integer GNSS attitude model, resulting in a very strong reduction in the Time-To-Fix.
{"title":"Enhancing the Time-To-Fix for the unaided single-frequency integer ambiguity resolution in GNSS attitude determination applications","authors":"G. Giorgi, P. Teunissen, D. Odijk, P. Buist","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507206","url":null,"abstract":"GNSS-based attitude determination is a viable technique with a large spectrum of applications. Attitude determination requires an accurate relative positioning solution, that can be provided by the very precise GNSS carrier phase observables. The phase observables are, however, biased by unknown integer ambiguities, that must be resolved in order to fully exploit their higher precision. By applying the optimal integer least-squares (ILS) principle and introducing a nontrivial modification of the popular LAMBDA method, a set of geometrical nonlinear constraints given by the known antennas placement on the platform is embedded in the ambiguity search method. The multivariate constrained LAMBDA method is described and tested: the large improvement in fixing the correct set of integer ambiguities from single-frequency, single-epoch observations is stressed, as this is the most challenging scenario for ambiguity resolution. The method is tested by processing and analyzing actual GNSS data, collected on both static and dynamic platforms. The experimental results show the enormous improvement obtained when applying the nonlinearly constrained, mixed integer GNSS attitude model, resulting in a very strong reduction in the Time-To-Fix.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91481776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507270
T. Webb, P. Groves, P. Cross, R. Mason, Joseph H Harrison
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become the positioning systems of choice for many applications. However, GNSS signals are susceptible to obstruction, interference and jamming. Therefore, to maximize robustness and integrity, it is necessary to employ a dissimilar positioning technology that can operate independently and back-up GNSS. One such technology exploits ‘signals of opportunity’ — signals that are designed for purposes other than navigation.
{"title":"A new differential positioning method using modulation correlation of signals of opportunity","authors":"T. Webb, P. Groves, P. Cross, R. Mason, Joseph H Harrison","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507270","url":null,"abstract":"Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become the positioning systems of choice for many applications. However, GNSS signals are susceptible to obstruction, interference and jamming. Therefore, to maximize robustness and integrity, it is necessary to employ a dissimilar positioning technology that can operate independently and back-up GNSS. One such technology exploits ‘signals of opportunity’ — signals that are designed for purposes other than navigation.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84754330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507248
Bastian Hartmann, N. Link, G. Trommer
In this paper, a system for indoor 3D position tracking with an inertial measurement unit and a marker-based video tracking system utilizing external cameras is presented. Similar to an integrated navigation system, 3D position, velocity and attitude are calculated from IMU measurements and aided by using position corrections from the video tracking system. The measurements from both sensor sources are fused with an extended Kalman filter model, which incorporates the estimation of IMU biases for drift compensation during video outages. The performance of the filter approach has been tested with simulated data and the whole system has been evaluated with real data from a hand tracking scenario. By means of the combination of inertial sensors and vision-based position tracking, the proposed system is able to overcome video measurement outages over short periods of time as well as drift problems of the IMU.
{"title":"Indoor 3D position estimation using low-cost inertial sensors and marker-based video-tracking","authors":"Bastian Hartmann, N. Link, G. Trommer","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507248","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a system for indoor 3D position tracking with an inertial measurement unit and a marker-based video tracking system utilizing external cameras is presented. Similar to an integrated navigation system, 3D position, velocity and attitude are calculated from IMU measurements and aided by using position corrections from the video tracking system. The measurements from both sensor sources are fused with an extended Kalman filter model, which incorporates the estimation of IMU biases for drift compensation during video outages. The performance of the filter approach has been tested with simulated data and the whole system has been evaluated with real data from a hand tracking scenario. By means of the combination of inertial sensors and vision-based position tracking, the proposed system is able to overcome video measurement outages over short periods of time as well as drift problems of the IMU.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89927474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507192
S. Reynaud, C. Louis
An interesting way to improve Terrain-Aided- Navigation (TAN) accuracy may consist in finding the best trajectory which gathers the maximum of information coming from the terrain sensor. This paper proposes a universal approach for improving the TAN accuracy based on a new criterion derived from the fundamental Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). Under few hypotheses the local contribution of the terrain to the navigation accuracy can be extracted from a recursive expression of the CRLB interpreted in term of information. A navigability map can also be defined in computing this criterion at each node of a regularly spaced grid. This map can be computed for every kind of vehicle using any kind of geophysical sensor. Any classical path planning algorithm can thus be used to find trajectories maximizing the cumulated navigability score, even under mission constraints. This paper demonstrates the main capabilities of this criterion through three different applications. A precision airdrop application from an aircraft equipped with a multi-beam scanner laser and an erroneous embedded Digital Elevation Map shows the ability to take advantage of an error model associated to the map. A marine vessel navigation in a GPS-denied environment illustrates that this criterion performs well for any kind of TAN, in particular for a navigation with a gravity anomaly map (gravimetry). Finally an altimetry terrain following application exhibits this new criterion's ability to outperform the well-known and widely used roughness.
{"title":"A universal navigability map building approach for improving Terrain-Aided-Navigation accuracy","authors":"S. Reynaud, C. Louis","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507192","url":null,"abstract":"An interesting way to improve Terrain-Aided- Navigation (TAN) accuracy may consist in finding the best trajectory which gathers the maximum of information coming from the terrain sensor. This paper proposes a universal approach for improving the TAN accuracy based on a new criterion derived from the fundamental Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). Under few hypotheses the local contribution of the terrain to the navigation accuracy can be extracted from a recursive expression of the CRLB interpreted in term of information. A navigability map can also be defined in computing this criterion at each node of a regularly spaced grid. This map can be computed for every kind of vehicle using any kind of geophysical sensor. Any classical path planning algorithm can thus be used to find trajectories maximizing the cumulated navigability score, even under mission constraints. This paper demonstrates the main capabilities of this criterion through three different applications. A precision airdrop application from an aircraft equipped with a multi-beam scanner laser and an erroneous embedded Digital Elevation Map shows the ability to take advantage of an error model associated to the map. A marine vessel navigation in a GPS-denied environment illustrates that this criterion performs well for any kind of TAN, in particular for a navigation with a gravity anomaly map (gravimetry). Finally an altimetry terrain following application exhibits this new criterion's ability to outperform the well-known and widely used roughness.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89709804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507348
Te-chang Li, V. Chueh
The pressure altitude obtained from a barometric altimeter is commonly used by an Inertial Navigation System (INS) as an altitude reference for the vertical channel. Pressure altitude is computed from the pressure based on a stationary atmospheric model for the standard day. Significant error (up to 10%) exists in the pressure altitude due to deviation of the actual atmosphere from the standard day. An alternate algorithm that possibly computes a more accurate altitude is the Blanchard algorithm.
{"title":"Errors in the pressure and Blanchard altitudes for a cross country flight","authors":"Te-chang Li, V. Chueh","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507348","url":null,"abstract":"The pressure altitude obtained from a barometric altimeter is commonly used by an Inertial Navigation System (INS) as an altitude reference for the vertical channel. Pressure altitude is computed from the pressure based on a stationary atmospheric model for the standard day. Significant error (up to 10%) exists in the pressure altitude due to deviation of the actual atmosphere from the standard day. An alternate algorithm that possibly computes a more accurate altitude is the Blanchard algorithm.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74642096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507300
Wei Chen, Ruizhi Chen, Yuwei Chen, H. Kuusniemi, Jianyu Wang
Nowadays, navigation is an important application in mobile phones. However, locating a mobile user anytime anywhere is still a demanding task, because the GPS signal is easily corrupted or unavailable in urban canyons and indoor environments. Integrating GPS and self-contained dead reckoning sensors is an autonomous method to obtain a seamless positioning solution by means of Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) algorithms. A low-cost Multi-Sensor Positioning (MSP) platform has been developed by the Finnish Geodetic Institute, which includes a GPS receiver, a 2-axis digital compass and a 3-axis accelerometer. To construct a trajectory in GPS degraded environments, step length and the heading of each step are two key issues in PDR. In this paper, three typical estimation models of step length are presented and compared to demonstrate that in most cases, step length is not as critical as the determination of heading. Therefore, a unified heading error model is proposed, which includes all predictable errors from the navigation platform and the pedestrian's walking behavior, and applies to calibrating 2-axis magnetic compasses without tedious and complicated calibration procedures. Then the corresponding PDR algorithm is introduced, which integrates the step length estimated from a nonlinear model and the heading compensated by the unified model suggested through an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Several tests were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the heading error model and evaluate the positioning performance of this PDR algorithm. The results demonstrated that the heading error model is applicable for calibrating the 2-axis compass, and based on the PDR algorithm, the typical positioning performance of MSP can reach an accuracy of below 1.5% of the travelled distance during 10 minutes of continuous walking when GPS outages occur.
{"title":"An effective Pedestrian Dead Reckoning algorithm using a unified heading error model","authors":"Wei Chen, Ruizhi Chen, Yuwei Chen, H. Kuusniemi, Jianyu Wang","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507300","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, navigation is an important application in mobile phones. However, locating a mobile user anytime anywhere is still a demanding task, because the GPS signal is easily corrupted or unavailable in urban canyons and indoor environments. Integrating GPS and self-contained dead reckoning sensors is an autonomous method to obtain a seamless positioning solution by means of Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) algorithms. A low-cost Multi-Sensor Positioning (MSP) platform has been developed by the Finnish Geodetic Institute, which includes a GPS receiver, a 2-axis digital compass and a 3-axis accelerometer. To construct a trajectory in GPS degraded environments, step length and the heading of each step are two key issues in PDR. In this paper, three typical estimation models of step length are presented and compared to demonstrate that in most cases, step length is not as critical as the determination of heading. Therefore, a unified heading error model is proposed, which includes all predictable errors from the navigation platform and the pedestrian's walking behavior, and applies to calibrating 2-axis magnetic compasses without tedious and complicated calibration procedures. Then the corresponding PDR algorithm is introduced, which integrates the step length estimated from a nonlinear model and the heading compensated by the unified model suggested through an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Several tests were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the heading error model and evaluate the positioning performance of this PDR algorithm. The results demonstrated that the heading error model is applicable for calibrating the 2-axis compass, and based on the PDR algorithm, the typical positioning performance of MSP can reach an accuracy of below 1.5% of the travelled distance during 10 minutes of continuous walking when GPS outages occur.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74198594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-04DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507199
Da Wang, Kyle O’Keefe
This paper evaluates the benefit of the partial availability of GPS satellites with L2C signal capability in estimating the ionospheric delay using the dual-frequency L1/L2 code and phase measurements using real data. Compared to the strategy of estimating one slant ionospheric delay (SID) for each satellite, a simplified single differential zenith ionospheric delay (ZID) method is proposed to account for the ionospheric effect using the limited number of L2C measurements. The algorithms and models are implemented in a Kalman filter (KF) based code and phase observations processor using between receiver single difference (SD) GPS L1/L2 observations. Using data sets from three International GNSS Service (IGS) stations with both L2C and L2P code measurements, the performance of using L1 observations only, L1/L2 dual-frequency observations without estimating ionospheric delay, and L1/L2 dual-frequency observations with estimating either SID or differential ZID is compared in terms of ambiguity resolution (AR) and positioning accuracy in conjunction with ionospheric delay estimation. The results show L1/L2 AR outperforms L1 only in several scenarios, and the proposed method improves vertical accuracy of the fixed position approximately 10 cm with estimating the single differential ZID.
{"title":"Benefit of partial L2C availability to estimate ionospheric delay for dual-frequency GPS ambiguity resolution","authors":"Da Wang, Kyle O’Keefe","doi":"10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507199","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the benefit of the partial availability of GPS satellites with L2C signal capability in estimating the ionospheric delay using the dual-frequency L1/L2 code and phase measurements using real data. Compared to the strategy of estimating one slant ionospheric delay (SID) for each satellite, a simplified single differential zenith ionospheric delay (ZID) method is proposed to account for the ionospheric effect using the limited number of L2C measurements. The algorithms and models are implemented in a Kalman filter (KF) based code and phase observations processor using between receiver single difference (SD) GPS L1/L2 observations. Using data sets from three International GNSS Service (IGS) stations with both L2C and L2P code measurements, the performance of using L1 observations only, L1/L2 dual-frequency observations without estimating ionospheric delay, and L1/L2 dual-frequency observations with estimating either SID or differential ZID is compared in terms of ambiguity resolution (AR) and positioning accuracy in conjunction with ionospheric delay estimation. The results show L1/L2 AR outperforms L1 only in several scenarios, and the proposed method improves vertical accuracy of the fixed position approximately 10 cm with estimating the single differential ZID.","PeriodicalId":94036,"journal":{"name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73875147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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