Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan最新文献

Objective: To explore the four Qiof Pfaffia glomerata (PG) and endow this foreign folk herb with the properties of Chinese medicine, make it Chinese medicinal and localized, and could be used as a Chinese medicine.

Methods: The normal group, six cold herb groups, six hot herb groups, six cool herb groups, PG prescription group (PGPG), and Dangshen (Radix Codonopsis) prescription group (CPPG) were prepared with corresponding concentrations of water extracts, these herb extracts were administered by gavage to Sprague-Dawley rats, and the 12 h urine at night on the 29th day of the SD rats in each group were collected, Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer system was used to analyze them, the best discriminant models for the medicinal properties of cold-hot and cold-cool were set up, so as to the medicinal properties of PGPG, CPPG and PG were predicted. Based on the Progenesis QI, Human Metabolome Database, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, MetaboAnalyst 5.0 database, we enriched metabolic pathway and classification mechanism of medicinal properties of cold-cool Chinese herbs and the molecular mechanism of PG prescription.

Results: We established a best model of cold-hot herbal discrimination in the positive ion mode, then the probability that PGPG was predicted cold property was 88.9%. Furthermore, a model of cold-cool herbal discrimination was established, then the probability of PGPG containing the cool property was 77.8%. In addition, typical cold and cool herbs mainly affected nine biomarkers such as tyrosine-proline, (R)-3',7-Dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavane in rats. The regulation trend of PGPG on markers was basically as same as the cool herbs and mainly involved in regulating the two pathways of cytochrome P450 and purine metabolism.

Conclusion: The results showed PGPG had a cool medicinal property as same as CPPG, and the regulation trend of PGPG on markers was consistent with cool herbs. Therefore, the medicine properties PG and CP should be consistent, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine property of PG was predicted to be neutral.

Objective: To explore the possible regulatory mechanism of microRNA (miRNA) in moxibustion treatment for decreased ovarian reserve (DOR).

Methods: The DOR model was constructed by intragastrical Tripterygium glycoside suspension administration, and moxibustion therapy was simultaneously given. The morphological ovarian changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The miRNA expression profile was detected by RNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis was performed. Cytoscape software 3.6.1 was used to establish a regulatory network and differentially expressed miRNAs were verified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results: Decreased number of mature follicles, increased atresia follicles, and abnormal granulosa cell morphology were observed in the model group compared with the control group. The moxibustion group demonstrated increased mature follicles, decreased atretic follicles, and significantly decreased abnormal morphology of granulosa cells compared with the model group. Additionally, RNA sequencing results manifested significantly up-regulated miRNA expressions (miR-92b-3p, miR-26-5p_R + 1_1ss10TC, miR-206-3p, miR-9993b-3p_1ss6GA, miR-7857-3p_R-1, miR-219a-2-3p_1ss10GC, miR-3968-p5_1ss10AT, and PC-5p-6478_1795) and down-regulated miR-664-2-5p_R + 1 in the model group, compared with the control group, and the moxibustion group reversed abnormal disorder levels of these miRNAs. Moreover, these differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase / protein kinase B signaling pathway and nuclear factor erythropoietin-2-related factor 2 / heme oxygenase 1 signaling pathway. Finally, network and RT-qPCR verification revealed miR-9993b-3p_1ss6GA as the most critical miRNA.

Conclusion: This experiment proved the effectiveness of moxibustion in improving the ovarian reserve of rats by regulating miRNA expression, especially miR-9993b-3p_1ss6GA.

Objective: To explore the differences in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis and treatment rules for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between Northern and Southern China based on the real-world data from 982 COVID-19 patients.

Methods: All consecutive cases of COVID-19 admitted to the TCM department of designated COVID-19 hospitals in eight provinces and cities were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a Northern and a Southern group according to the location of the admitting hospital. The symptoms, syndrome elements, syndrome distribution and herbal treatments were analyzed. The core prescriptions were extracted using the multiscale backbone-based network comparison algorithm (msbNC).

Results: The distribution of syndrome elements showed that dampness was common in Northern and Southern China, wind and heat were more often present in the South, while fire toxin and spleen deficiency were more often encountered in the North. The distribution of syndromes showed that the South was dominated by heat dampness accumulating in the lung (55.69%), while the North was dominated by dampness-toxin stagnating in the lung (44.90%).The results of core prescription mining showed that dispelling dampness, dispersing wind, clearing heat and strengthening spleen were the common treatment methods in Northern and Southern China. For mild cases, Jinyinhua (Flos Lonicerae) and Lianqiao (Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae) were often used in the South to clear heat and relieve exterior symptoms, while Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis) and Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis) were often used in the North to relieve muscles by expelling heat. For moderate cases, Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri Chinensis), Qinghao (Herba Artemisiae Annuae), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) were often used to clear heat of Tri-jiao Channel and stomach in the South, while Fuling (Poria), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), and Dangshen (Radix Codonopsis) were often used to invigorate spleen and remove dampness in the North. For severe cases, spleen invigoration and dampness removal as well as relaxing the bowels and discharging heat were often used in the North.

Conclusion: There were certain North-South differences in terms of symptoms, syndrome elements and syndrome distribution of COVID-19, as well as differences in core prescriptions during different periods of the disease. The regional differences in the rules of TCM diagnosis and treatment for COVID-19 should be further considered in the process of optimization and revision of relevant treatment guidance.

Objective: Exploring the effect of Optimized New Shengmai powder (, ONSMP) on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure (HF) based on rat sarcoma (RAS)/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway.

Methods: Randomized 70 Sprague-Dawley rats into sham (n = 10) and operation (n = 60) groups, then established the HF rat by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. We randomly divided the operation group rats into the model, ONSMP [including low (L), medium (M), and high (H) dose], and enalapril groups. After the 4-week drug intervention, echocardiography examines the cardiac function and calculates the ratios of the whole/left heart to the rat's body weight. Finally, we observed the degree of myocardial fibrosis by pathological sections, determined myocardium collagen (COL) I and COL Ⅲ content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, detected the mRNA levels of COL I, COL Ⅲ, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and c-Fos proto-oncogene (c-Fos) by universal real-time, and detected the protein expression of p-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-ETS-like-1 transcription factor (p-ELK1), p-c-Fos, α-SMA, COL I, and COL Ⅲ by Western blot.

Results: ONSMP can effectively improve HF rat's cardiac function, decrease cardiac organ coefficient, COL volume fraction, and COL I/Ⅲ content, down-regulate the mRNA of COL I/Ⅲ, α-SMA and c-Fos, and the protein of p-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/ 2, p-ERK1/2, p-ELK1, c-Fos, COL Ⅰ/Ⅲ, and α-SMA.

Conclusions: ONSMP can effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in HF rats, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Hippeastrum hybridum (HH) as a free radical scavenger, and an inhibitor of the two enzymes i-e Alpha-amylase (α-amylase) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

Methods: In this study, HH plant was preliminary analyzed for phytochemical screening and then tested for its antioxidant, anti-α-amylase, and anti-AChE efficiency via standard procedures.

Results: Phytochemical analysis shows the existence of different compounds; while Coumarins and quinones were absent. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannins content were found to be (78.52 ± 0.69) mg GAE/g, (2.01 ± 0.04) mg RUE/g, and (58.12 ± 0.23) mg TAE/g of plant extract respectively. 28.02% ± 0.02% alkaloid and 2.02% ± 0.05% saponins were present in the HH extract. The HH extract showed the anti-oxidant property with IC50 (50% inhibition) of (151.01 ± 0.13) (HH), (79.01 ± 0.04) (Ascorbic acid) for ferric reducing, (91.48 ± 0.13) (HH), (48.02 ± 0.11) (Ascorbic acid) against Ammonium molybdenum, (156.02 ± 0.31) (HH), (52.38 ± 0.21) (Ascorbic acid) against DPPH, 136.01 ± 0.21 (HH), 52.02± 0.31 (Ascorbic acid) against H₂O₂, and 154.12 ± 0.03 (HH), (40.05 ± 0.15) (Ascorbic acid) μg/mL against ABTS respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that HH caused a competitive type of inhibition of α-amylase (V_max remained constant and Km increases from 10.65 to 84.37%) while Glucophage caused the un-competitive type of inhibition i-e both Km and V_max decreased from 40.49 to 69.15% and 38.86 to 69.61% respectively. The K_i, (inhibition constant); K_I, (dissociation constant), K_m, (Michaelis-Menten constant), and IC50 were found to be 62, 364, 68.1, and 38.08 ± 0.22 for HH and 12, 101.05, 195, 34.01 ± 0.21 for Glucophage. Similarly, HH causes an anon-competitive type of inhibition of AChE i-e Km remains constant while V_max decreases from 60.5% to 74.1%. The calculated K_i, K_I, K_m, and IC50 were found to be 32, 36.2, 0.05, and 18.117 ± 0.018.

Conclusion: From the current results, it is concluded that HH extract contains bioactive compounds, and could be a good alternative to controlling oxidants, Alzheimer's and Type-II diabetic diseases.

OBJECTIVE：To elucidate the mechanism by which Huoxue Jiedu Huayu recipe (, HJHR) regulates angiogenesis in the contralateral kidney of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats and the mechanism by which it reduces of renal fibrosis.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the sham group, UUO group (180 d of left ureter ligation), UUO plus eplerenone (EPL) group, and UUO plus HJHR group. After 180 d of oral drug administration, blood and contralateral kidneys were collected for analysis. Angiogenesis- and fibrosis-related indexes were detected.

Results: HJHR and EPL improved structural damage and renal interstitial fibrosis in the contralateral kidney and reduced the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin and collagen I. Moreover, these treatments could reduce the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) by inhibiting the infiltration of macrophages. Furthermore, HJHR and EPL significantly reduced the expression of CD34 and CD105 by downregulating VEGFA production, which inhibited angiogenesis. Finally, the coexpressions of CD34, CD105 and α-SMA were decreased in the HJHR and EPL groups, indicating that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition was inhibited.

Conclusions: These findings confirm that HJHR alleviates contralateral renal fibrosis by inhibiting VEGFA-induced angiogenesis, encourage the use of HJHR against renal interstitial fibrosis and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical management of patients with CKD.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of Moyao (Myrrh) in the identification of the geographical origin and processing of the products.

Methods: Raw Moyao (Myrrh) and two kinds of Moyao (Myrrh) processed with vinegar from three countries were identified using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric techniques. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and visualize the clustering of samples from different categories. A classical chemometric algorithm (PLS-DA) and two machine learning algorithms [K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine] were used to conduct a classification analysis of the near-infrared spectra of the Moyao (Myrrh) samples, and their discriminative performance was evaluated.

Results: Based on the accuracy, precision, recall rate, and F1 value in each model, the results showed that the classical chemometric algorithm and the machine learning algorithm obtained positive results. In all of the chemometric analyses, the NIR spectrum of Moyao (Myrrh) preprocessed by standard normal variation or Multivariate scattering correction combined with KNN achieved the highest accuracy in identifying the geographical origins, and the accuracy of identifying the processing technology established by the KNN method after first-order derivative pretreatment was the best. The best accuracy of geographical origin discrimination and processing technology discrimination were 0.9853 and 0.9706 respectively.

Conclusions: NIR spectroscopy combined with chemometric technology can be an important tool for tracking the origin and processing technology of Moyao (Myrrh) and can also provide a reference for evaluations of its quality and the clinical use.

Genus Prunus comprising around 430 species is a vast important genus of family Rosaceae, subfamily amygdalaoidae. Among all 430 species, around 19 important species are commonly found in Indian sub-continent due to their broad nutritional and economic importance. Some most common species of genus Prunus are Prunus amygdalus, Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus cerasoides, Prunus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, etc. A newly introduced species of Prunus i.e Prunus sunhangii is recently discovered which is morphologically very similar to Prunus cerasoides. Plants of Prunus species are short to medium-sized deciduous trees mainly found in the northern hemisphere. In India and its subcontinent, it extends from the Himalayas to Sikkim, Meghalaya, Bhutan, Myanmar etc. Different Prunus species have been extensively studied for their morphological, microscopic, pharmacological and phytoconstituents characteristics. Total phenolic content of Prunus species explains the presence of phenols in high quantity and pharmacological activity due to phenols. Phytochemical screening of species of genus Prunus shows the presence of wide phytoconstituents which contributes in their pharmacological significance and reveals the therapeutic potential and traditional medicinal significance of this genus. Genus Prunus showed a potent antioxidant activity analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical assay. Plant species belonging to the genus Prunus is widely used traditionally for the treatment of various disorders. Some specific Prunus species possess potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic etc. activity which makes the genus more interesting for further research and findings. This review is an attempt to summarize the comprehensive study of Prunus.

Objective: To investigate the underlying protein molecular mechanisms of "Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome" (QS) and "Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome" (QD), as two subtypes of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: In this study, a total of 227 CAD patients with QS and 211 CAD patients with QD were enrolled; all participants underwent PCI. Label-free quantification proteomics were employed to analyze the changes in serum in two subtypes of CAD patients before and 6 months after PCI, aiming to elucidate the intervention mechanism of PCI in treating CAD characterized by two different TCM syndromes.

Results: Biochemical analysis revealed significant changes in tumor necrosis factor-α, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood stasis clinical symptoms observation, and Gensini levels in both patient groups post-PCI; Proteomic analysis identified 79 and 95 differentially expressed proteins in the QS and QD patient groups, respectively, compared to their control groups. complement C8 alpha chain, complement factor H, apolipoprotein H, apolipoprotein B, plasminogen, carbonic anhydrase 2, and complement factor I were altered in both comparison groups. Furthermore, enrichment analysis demonstrated that cell adhesion and connectivity-related processes underwent changes in QS patients post-PCI, whereas lipid metabolism-related pathways, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway and extracellular matrix receptor interaction, underwent changes in the QD group. The protein-protein interaction network analysis further enriched 52 node proteins, including apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a), complement C5, apolipoprotein A4, complement C8 alpha chain, complement C8 beta chain, complement C8 gamma chain, apolipoprotein H, apolipoprotein A-Ⅱ, albumin, complement C4-B, apolipoprotein C3, among others. The functional network of these proteins is posited to contribute to the pathophysiology of CAD characterized by TCM syndromes.

Conclusion: The current quantitative proteomic study has preliminarily identified biomarkers of CAD in different TCM subtypes treated with PCI, potentially laying the groundwork for understanding the protein profiles associated with the treatment of various TCM subtypes of CAD.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenzhu Guanxin recipe granules (, SGR) in treating patients with intermediate coronary lesions (ICL), and to investigate the potential mechanism though a transcriptome sequencing approach.

Methods: ICL patients with Qi deficiency and phlegm stasis were adopted and randomly assigned to a case group or a control by random number generator in a 1:1 randomization ratio to evaluate the clinical efficacy.

Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in coronary computed tomography angiography related indexes in the two groups before and after intervention. Through the gene chip expression analysis, it is finally concluded that there are 355 differential mRNAs (190 up-regulated genes and 165 down regulated genes) when compared the SGR group and placebo group. Through protein-protein interaction network analysis of differentially expressed genes, 10 hub genes were finally obtained: CACNA2D2, CACNA2D3, DNAJC6, FGF12, SGSM2, CACNA1G, LRP6, KIF25, OXTR, UPB1.

Conclusions: SGR combined with Western Medicine can be safely used to treat ICL patients with Qi deficiency and phlegm stasis. The possible mechanism of action and relevant gene loci and pathway were proposed.