Medical ultrasonography最新文献

The value of an ultrasound prior to planned interventions is undisputed. Clinically relevant incidental findings are also among the reasons why abdominal ultrasound examinations should be considered part of the diagnostic evaluation during inpatient admission. We report here an interesting case of an unusual "three-headed" polypoid lesion on ultrasound, which histologically and pathologically revealed a saprophytic manifestation of local aspergillosis in the gallbladder without clinical signs of cholecystitis.

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Snake bites remain a public health problem worldwide; prompt and effective treatment is crucial in promoting the recovery of patients. Traditionally, physicians assessed patients' conditions mainly through palpation and laboratory tests, which can be subjective and time-lagging. Conversely, ultrasound can visualize subtle changes in the lesion area and provide insight into tissue perfusion dynamics, making it an effective tool for comprehensive disease assessment. By analyzing recent cases, our study found that ultrasound is highly effective in detecting complications in snakebite patients, including subcutaneous edema, changes in limb hemodynamics, and organ damage. This enables clinicians to have a more comprehensive understanding of snakebite injuries, thereby facilitating precise patient treatment.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency applied to the L5 dorsal ramus and the lateral branches of the posterior primary rami at S1-3 for chronic sacroiliac joint pain and identify factors associated with treatment success.

Material and methods: This retrospective study included 58 patients with chronic sacroiliac joint pain who underwent ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency treatment after failing conservative management. Treatment success was defined as ≥50% improvement in the NRS score at the 6-month follow-up. Demographic, clinical, and procedural factors were analyzed.

Results: The successful treatment group (n=26, 44.8%) showed significant reduction in median NRS pain scores from 7.00 to 2.00 (p<0.001) and marked improvement in ODI functional scores. Factors significantly associated with success included younger age (p=0.02), lower BMI (p<0.001), shorter symptom duration (p<0.001), nonsmoking status (p<0.001), and absence of previous spinal (p=0.03) or hip surgery (p=0.04). Early response to treatment was predictive of long-term success.

Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency treatment provided significant pain reduction in approximately half of the patients with chronic sacroiliac joint pain at 6-month follow-up. Identified predictive factors may improve patient selection and treatment outcomes.

Aims: To develop a nomogram that integrates clinical and ultrasound (US) characteristics for the preoperative prediction of peripheral nerve schwannomas in soft tissue.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 301 patients with soft tissue masses who underwent surgical excision and preoperative US evaluation. Clinical data and US features were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors; subsequently, a nomogram was developed for predicting schwannomas. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Additionally, internal validation was performed using 10-fold cross-validation with 1000 iterations.

Results: Seven independent predictors were identified, including target sign, rat tail sign, split fat sign, shape, layer, vascularity, and age. The nomogram demonstrated favorable discrimination and calibration, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.934 (95% CI: 0.902-0.966). Furthermore, decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed the nomogram's clinical utility across a wide range of risk thresholds (0.01-0.93). Internal validation yielded a corrected AUC of 0.921 (95% CI: 0.917-0.924).

Conclusion: This nomogram provides clinicians with a quantitative and visual tool for preoperative prediction of schwannomas in soft tissue, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and assisting in clinical decision-making.

Intestinal ultrasound had been performed in several countries for more than 30 years, but for a longer period had been inthe hands of few experts. With new evidence showing that the method is accurate and has excellent performance especially intreatment monitoring and detection of complications of IBD, there is a growing interest in performing this method by thosephysicians who care for IBD patients in in- and outpatient settings. The authors are convinced that intestinal ultrasound is helping to reduce radiation exposure and enables fast and less expensive decision-making by taking patients' needs into account. This paper series contains three parts. This first part summarizes guideline recommendations on the use of ultrasound in IBD, describes the typical findings that can be obtained at the point of care without advanced ultrasound technologies and helps tostandardize documentation. The second part will provide an overview on actual ultrasound-activity-scores in IBD and report about advanced multimodal ultrasound modalities and endoscopic and interventional ultrasound. These modalities should be provided by specialized IBD centers. The third part will enhance a wider overview of treatment control, mural and extramural disease complications as well as extraintestinal manifestations. Advantages and limitations of the method are discussed, with an outlook how to optimize implementation in the future.

The European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) has been publishing guidelines, position papers and also technical reviews. In addition, comments have been published for illustration of such papers including recently the role of ultrasound in cutaneous neoplasms but also in the hepatobiliary system, pancreas, lung and other organs. In the current paper, we aim to summarize the typical sonographic findings of the most commonly benign cutaneous lesions.