Medical ultrasonography最新文献

Aims: Normalization is a method used to account for body mass in clinical practice and research. It is unclear if this method will improve the correlation between muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and physical performance. We examined the correlations between quadriceps muscle morphology parameters and physical performance outcomes in older women. Material and methods: Twenty older women participated in this study. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure quadriceps muscle CSA and echo intensity. Muscle CSA was expressed as an absolute value (cm2) and as a relative value normalized to body mass (cm2/kg). Physical performance was assessed from timed up-and-go and 6-min walk tests.

Results: Relative CSA was significantly related to timed up-and-go scores (r=-0.489, p=0.029) and 6-min walking speed (r=0.606, p=0.005), whereas absolute CSA was not significantly associated with these performances (r=-0.231, p=0.327 and r=0.373, p=0.105). There was a significant correlation between absolute CSA and body mass (r=0.456, p=0.043). There were also significant correlations between echo intensity and timed up-and-go scores (r=0.556, p=0.011) and 6-min walking speed (r=-0.484, p=0.031).

Conclusions:  Our study showed that relative CSA correlated better than absolute CSA with physical performance. These findings support the need to normalize measurements of muscle CSA to body mass in older adults.

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Aim: The most common complication during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) under sedation is hypoxemia. There is a scarcity of indicators to predict the risk of hypoxemia during EGD under sedation accurately. The width of the lower tongue base measured by ultrasound (US) is considered to be a significant predictor of the presence and severity of obstructive sleepapnea syndrome (OSAS), which develops hypoxemia by a similar mechanism to EGD under sedation. This study aimed to observe its ability to predict hypoxemia during EGD under sedation.Material and methodsː Adult patients undergoing EGD under sedation at our hospital after assessment in the anesthesia clinic were enrolled in the study. The width of the lower tongue base was measured as the distance between the lingual arteries (DLA) on both sides of the inferior lateral margin of the tongue by US. The primary outcome was hypoxemia defined as the SpO2 <90% for longer than 10 seconds during EGD under sedation. ResultsːA total of 304 patients were successfully included, and hypoxemia was reported in 32 patients (10.5%). The DLA prediction criterion for hypoxemia was >31 mm. The DLA was correlated with hypoxemia (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.455; p<0.001) and owned the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.927; 99% CI, 0.891 to 0.953, compared with that of the other predictors, p< 0.001) with hypoxemia.Conclusionsː The width of the lower tongue base, measured as the DLA by US examination can be used to effectively predict the risk of hypoxemia during EGD under sedation.

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A great number of studies have proved the added value of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) in the diagnosis, assessment of disease activity and treatment response in both inflammatory and degenerative rheumatic diseases. However, it is a frequent scenario that rheumatologists should also assess patients with various soft tissue masses, referred to their practices. In such cases, MSUS could be a valuable and precise tool that helps in the evaluation and triage of these lesions. Hereafter, we describe a case series, where MSUS played a decisive role in the diagnostic process and allowed for prompt patients' management.

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the precision of Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from focal liver lesions (FLLs).

Material and methods: The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched and checked for studies using Sonazoid CEUS to characterize HCC. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, involving data pooling, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and investigation of publication bias.

Results: The meta-analysis included fourteen studies. The overall diagnostic accuracy for characterizing HCC was as follows (all ranges show the 95% confidence interval): pooled sensitivity of 0.87 (0.80-0.92), pooled specificity of 0.95 (0.91-0.97), and a diagnostic odds ratio of 121 (61-241). The overall weighted area under the curve was 0.97 (0.95-0.98). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio for Sonazoid and Sonovue were 0.75 (0.63- 0.84), 0.97 (0.86-0.99), 82 (15-445); and 0.64 (0.51-0.76), 0.98 (0.91-0.99), 72 (17-311), respectively. The sources of heterogeneity were identified as the study location, prevailing risk factor, reference diagnosis standard, criteria of Sonazoid CUES, and the proportion of cases of HCC. We observed no potential publication bias.

Conclusion: Sonazoid CEUS is efficient to distinguish HCC from FLLs, with good sensitivity and specificity. It is comparable to Sonovue CEUS to diagnose HCC.

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