Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20221002.15
Jie Zhou, X. Duan, Ting Xiong, A. Sui
{"title":"The Role of DLL4-Notch-VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway in Tumor Angiogenesis","authors":"Jie Zhou, X. Duan, Ting Xiong, A. Sui","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20221002.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20221002.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74121700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20221002.13
Ting Xiong, Shi-hua Liu, Yuying Lei, Liangliang Zhang, A. Sui
: Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder is a highly malignant tumor originating from totipotent mesenchymal stem cells, accounting for only 4.1% of gallbladder cancers. Its clinical manifestations are very similar to adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder, mainly presenting in the digestive tract. Surgical resection is currently the only possible cure for sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder. Due to the lack of effective diagnostic means at early stage, many patients have reached the middle and late stage of diagnosis, and the prognosis is often poor. In this paper, we present a case of a 52-year-old woman with advanced and rapidly progressing sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder causing obstructive cholangitis. She developed bone marrow suppression after immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The patient died after symptomatic and supportive treatment. This paper reports the whole process of diagnosis and treatment in this case of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma, thus carring out a discussion based on relevant literaturea and providing a reference for treatment.
{"title":"Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Ting Xiong, Shi-hua Liu, Yuying Lei, Liangliang Zhang, A. Sui","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20221002.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20221002.13","url":null,"abstract":": Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder is a highly malignant tumor originating from totipotent mesenchymal stem cells, accounting for only 4.1% of gallbladder cancers. Its clinical manifestations are very similar to adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder, mainly presenting in the digestive tract. Surgical resection is currently the only possible cure for sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder. Due to the lack of effective diagnostic means at early stage, many patients have reached the middle and late stage of diagnosis, and the prognosis is often poor. In this paper, we present a case of a 52-year-old woman with advanced and rapidly progressing sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder causing obstructive cholangitis. She developed bone marrow suppression after immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The patient died after symptomatic and supportive treatment. This paper reports the whole process of diagnosis and treatment in this case of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma, thus carring out a discussion based on relevant literaturea and providing a reference for treatment.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91360269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20221002.14
X. Duan, Liuyi Yang, Jie Zhou, Ting Xiong, A. Sui
{"title":"Application and Research Status of <sup>125</sup>I Seeds Brachytherapy in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"X. Duan, Liuyi Yang, Jie Zhou, Ting Xiong, A. Sui","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20221002.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20221002.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84193923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20221001.12
Nuray Ozturk, Syeda Zakia Hossain, Jillian L. Clarke
{"title":"Cervical Cancer Awareness and Screening Practises Amongst Migrant Women Living in Sydney","authors":"Nuray Ozturk, Syeda Zakia Hossain, Jillian L. Clarke","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20221001.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20221001.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87136172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20221002.12
Radhika Chowdary, Raghu Ram Pillarisetti, Vinod Kumar Verma, R. Korabathina, Syed Sultan Beevi
{"title":"Prognostic Significance of Systemic Cholesterol Profile in Patients with Breast Cancer","authors":"Radhika Chowdary, Raghu Ram Pillarisetti, Vinod Kumar Verma, R. Korabathina, Syed Sultan Beevi","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20221002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20221002.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88420990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20221002.11
Tai-Yun Zhao, Yajin Wang, Yu Du
{"title":"Analysis of the Efficacy of Anlotinib in the Late-Line Treatment of Advanced Leiomyosarcoma: A Case Report","authors":"Tai-Yun Zhao, Yajin Wang, Yu Du","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20221002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20221002.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87991151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-31DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.17
A. Soyano, M. Shafique, R. Ismail-Khan, D. Goodridge, D. Boulware, H. Soliman, H. Han
Background: Metastatic breast cancer is a common and devastating diagnosis. New strategies for treatment are needed to help improve outcomes. Eribulin is an anti-microtubule agent approved in 2010 for advanced breast cancer. Combination with other chemotherapeutic agents provides an alternative treatment option for these patients. Purpose: This study evaluates the safety, tolerability and activity of eribulin and weekly carboplatin in a dose-escalation schema in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods: Patients were treated with eribulin and carboplatin AUC 2 administered on the first and eighth days of a 21-day cycle. Three doses of eribulin (0.9, 1.1 and 1.4 mg/m2 ) were examined. An additional 10 patients were enrolled into an expansion cohort at the recommended Phase 2 dose. Results: A total of 19 patients were treated, including 10 patients in the dose expansion cohort. There was no dose limiting toxicity related to the study therapy in the dose escalation cohorts. Grade 3 toxicities included neutropenia (21%), anemia (10%), fatigue (10%), peripheral sensory neuropathy (10%), infusion related reactions (5%), pericardial effusion (5%), diarrhea (5%) and pleural effusion (5%). Twenty-six percent of patients had grade 4 neutropenia, but there were no events of sepsis or febrile neutropenia. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of eribulin in combination with carboplatin AUC 2 was determined to be 1.4 mg/m2 . Four patients experienced clinical benefit, 2 patients with stable disease greater than 6 months and 2 patients with partial response, demonstrating a clinical benefit rate of 21%. Conclusion: Eribulin and weekly carboplatin appeared to be safe and well tolerated with demonstrated clinical benefit. The recommended Phase 2 dose level was 1.4 mg/m2 of eribulin. Further studies can be pursued for this combination regimen to establish its efficacy.
{"title":"A Phase 1 Dose Escalation Study of Eribulin in Combination with Weekly Carboplatin for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer","authors":"A. Soyano, M. Shafique, R. Ismail-Khan, D. Goodridge, D. Boulware, H. Soliman, H. Han","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metastatic breast cancer is a common and devastating diagnosis. New strategies for treatment are needed to help improve outcomes. Eribulin is an anti-microtubule agent approved in 2010 for advanced breast cancer. Combination with other chemotherapeutic agents provides an alternative treatment option for these patients. Purpose: This study evaluates the safety, tolerability and activity of eribulin and weekly carboplatin in a dose-escalation schema in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods: Patients were treated with eribulin and carboplatin AUC 2 administered on the first and eighth days of a 21-day cycle. Three doses of eribulin (0.9, 1.1 and 1.4 mg/m2 ) were examined. An additional 10 patients were enrolled into an expansion cohort at the recommended Phase 2 dose. Results: A total of 19 patients were treated, including 10 patients in the dose expansion cohort. There was no dose limiting toxicity related to the study therapy in the dose escalation cohorts. Grade 3 toxicities included neutropenia (21%), anemia (10%), fatigue (10%), peripheral sensory neuropathy (10%), infusion related reactions (5%), pericardial effusion (5%), diarrhea (5%) and pleural effusion (5%). Twenty-six percent of patients had grade 4 neutropenia, but there were no events of sepsis or febrile neutropenia. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of eribulin in combination with carboplatin AUC 2 was determined to be 1.4 mg/m2 . Four patients experienced clinical benefit, 2 patients with stable disease greater than 6 months and 2 patients with partial response, demonstrating a clinical benefit rate of 21%. Conclusion: Eribulin and weekly carboplatin appeared to be safe and well tolerated with demonstrated clinical benefit. The recommended Phase 2 dose level was 1.4 mg/m2 of eribulin. Further studies can be pursued for this combination regimen to establish its efficacy.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89975041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-24DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.16
Md. Zillur Rahman Bhuiyan, Rokaya Sultana, Ranjan Kumar Bhoumic, Sayed Farhan Ali Razib, Ashish Kumar Shaha, A. Haque
Introduction: Head neck carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer in the world. Concurrent chemo radiation became standard protocol for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head neck where curable surgery is not feasible. Study Design and Objective: This quasiexperimental study done to compare the treatment response and acute toxicities with the treatment of low dose weekly Paclitaxel with radiation versus weekly Cisplatin with radiation therapy for histologically proven Stage- IVA squamous cell carcinoma of head neck. Methods: All the patients were divided in two groups. Arm-A, 45 number patients received injection Paclitaxel 40 mg/m2, i/v in 1 hr. infusion weekly for 6 weeks and in Arm- B, 45 number patients received injection Cisplatin 30 mg/m2, i/v in 2 hrs infusion weekly for 6 weeks. All patients received 66 Gray (Gy) radiation at the rate of 2 Gy/day, 5 fractions in a week for 6.5 weeks. Results: In this study about 65.55% patients were smoker. Most common sub site was larynx (41.46%) followed by oral cavity (25.00%) The most common presenting features were cervical lymphadenopathy (100.00%) followed by pain (70.00%), sore throat (43.33%) and hoarseness of voice (41.11%). Complete response showed in the patients of Arm-A, 73.33% among the smoker and 66.67% in non-smoker, whereas 72.41% in smoker and 62.50% in non-smoker showed complete response in the patients of Arm-B. Common toxicities related to treatment were mucosities, skin reaction, vomiting, nausea, weight loss, anaemia, leucopcnia, thrombocytopenia and diarrhoea. The toxicities in Arm-A were more than that of Arm-B, but were manageable. Conclusion: In this study it is evident, the concurrent chemo radiotherapy with weekly Paclitaxel is suitable alternative when Cisplatin cannot be given safely.
{"title":"Paclitaxel Based CCRT Is an Acceptable Alternative for Cisplatin Based CCRT in the Treatment of Locally Advanced (Stage IVA) Head Neck Carcinoma","authors":"Md. Zillur Rahman Bhuiyan, Rokaya Sultana, Ranjan Kumar Bhoumic, Sayed Farhan Ali Razib, Ashish Kumar Shaha, A. Haque","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Head neck carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer in the world. Concurrent chemo radiation became standard protocol for patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head neck where curable surgery is not feasible. Study Design and Objective: This quasiexperimental study done to compare the treatment response and acute toxicities with the treatment of low dose weekly Paclitaxel with radiation versus weekly Cisplatin with radiation therapy for histologically proven Stage- IVA squamous cell carcinoma of head neck. Methods: All the patients were divided in two groups. Arm-A, 45 number patients received injection Paclitaxel 40 mg/m2, i/v in 1 hr. infusion weekly for 6 weeks and in Arm- B, 45 number patients received injection Cisplatin 30 mg/m2, i/v in 2 hrs infusion weekly for 6 weeks. All patients received 66 Gray (Gy) radiation at the rate of 2 Gy/day, 5 fractions in a week for 6.5 weeks. Results: In this study about 65.55% patients were smoker. Most common sub site was larynx (41.46%) followed by oral cavity (25.00%) The most common presenting features were cervical lymphadenopathy (100.00%) followed by pain (70.00%), sore throat (43.33%) and hoarseness of voice (41.11%). Complete response showed in the patients of Arm-A, 73.33% among the smoker and 66.67% in non-smoker, whereas 72.41% in smoker and 62.50% in non-smoker showed complete response in the patients of Arm-B. Common toxicities related to treatment were mucosities, skin reaction, vomiting, nausea, weight loss, anaemia, leucopcnia, thrombocytopenia and diarrhoea. The toxicities in Arm-A were more than that of Arm-B, but were manageable. Conclusion: In this study it is evident, the concurrent chemo radiotherapy with weekly Paclitaxel is suitable alternative when Cisplatin cannot be given safely.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88832171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Duodenal carcinoid tumors accounts for 5% of all Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors (GI-NETs). Only 4% of all duodenal carcinoid tumors present with a full-blown carcinoid syndrome. We report a case of duodenal carcinoid tumor presenting as carcinoid syndrome in a 58 year old man, who presented with upper abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea, hot flushes and occasional wheezing. Histopathology following endoscopic resection of the tumor and 24 hour urinary 5-Hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) confirmed the diagnosis. Duodenal carcinoid tumors are one of the rarest tumors of gastrointestinal tract and their association with a typical carcinoid syndrome is not that common. A high level of suspicion is required for an early diagnosis. With proper resection (endoscopic or surgical) of a localized tumor, recurrence and progression of the disease can be halted. Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome should be controlled by antidiarrheal agents, inhaled β-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators and somatostatin analogs (octreotide, lanreotide). Patients should be advised to avoid stress and conditions or substances that precipitate these symptoms. Dietary supplementation with nicotinamide can help in this regard. Patients with hepatic metastases are treated with synthetic analogues of somatostatin (octreotide, lanreotide). Systemic chemotherapy is not recommended in metastatic disease by the current guidelines. Patients should be followed up by monitoring serum chromogranin and urinary 5-HIAA. EUS, CT, MRI & somatostatin receptor scintigraphy can also be used for following up the patients.
{"title":"Carcinoid Syndrome in a Patient with Duodenal Carcinoid Tumor","authors":"Khan Md. Nazmus Saqeb, Fariah Sharmeen, Farzana Hafiz","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.15","url":null,"abstract":"Duodenal carcinoid tumors accounts for 5% of all Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors (GI-NETs). Only 4% of all duodenal carcinoid tumors present with a full-blown carcinoid syndrome. We report a case of duodenal carcinoid tumor presenting as carcinoid syndrome in a 58 year old man, who presented with upper abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea, hot flushes and occasional wheezing. Histopathology following endoscopic resection of the tumor and 24 hour urinary 5-Hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) confirmed the diagnosis. Duodenal carcinoid tumors are one of the rarest tumors of gastrointestinal tract and their association with a typical carcinoid syndrome is not that common. A high level of suspicion is required for an early diagnosis. With proper resection (endoscopic or surgical) of a localized tumor, recurrence and progression of the disease can be halted. Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome should be controlled by antidiarrheal agents, inhaled β-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators and somatostatin analogs (octreotide, lanreotide). Patients should be advised to avoid stress and conditions or substances that precipitate these symptoms. Dietary supplementation with nicotinamide can help in this regard. Patients with hepatic metastases are treated with synthetic analogues of somatostatin (octreotide, lanreotide). Systemic chemotherapy is not recommended in metastatic disease by the current guidelines. Patients should be followed up by monitoring serum chromogranin and urinary 5-HIAA. EUS, CT, MRI & somatostatin receptor scintigraphy can also be used for following up the patients.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75303296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.13
Mopa A. Sooro, Thibello Malikelle, Refiloe Leteka, Lejeremane Kobo, Maseabata M. Ramathebane
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of ill health associated with infection in approximately a quarter of the global population. Lesotho has been ranked among the top 30 high TB burden countries; however the prevalence of lung cancer in Lesotho has been ranked fifth among the top 5 cancers in men. This seemingly lower prevalence of lung cancer could be masked by the fact that there are a number of cancer cases among TB patients that remain undiagnosed. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was done at the 3 TB centers in Lesotho to investigate the prevalence of lung cancer among patients with TB. This study was done over a 2 months period in April and May 2019. TB patients undergoing treatment at Queen Elizabeth II hospital, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Senkatana center were invited to respond to a questionnaire, where socio-demographic data was gathered, including smoking history, occupation, method of cooking in their homes. The clinical characteristics that patients presented with were also recorded. Among patients who were aged 55 and above, 7 (6.5%) patients had smoking history of more than 30 pack-years. These patients also had family history of lung disease and had worked in the mines or factory in the past. The 7 patients also presented with more than 90% of the clinical symptoms under investigation. Of these 7 patients; 2 (6.3%) were found at Queen II, 1 (4.2%) at St. Joseph while 4 (7.7%) were found at Senkatana hospital. 48% of the study participants were aged 55 and above, while 40% smoked for more than 30 years and 56% were male. 33% of the patients had a family history of lung disease, 21% had worked in mines or factories and 11% had been exposed to prolonged indoor air pollution. Studies show that the risk of lung cancer is 1.7 - fold higher in patients infected with Tuberculosis. It is therefore recommended that lung cancer screening with low dose computed tomography (LDCT) should be done on all Lesotho patients with active TB infection, who report to have smoked for more than 30 years and are aged greater or equal to 55 years.
{"title":"A Preliminary Study on Lung Cancer Prevalence Among Patients with Tuberculosis in Lesotho","authors":"Mopa A. Sooro, Thibello Malikelle, Refiloe Leteka, Lejeremane Kobo, Maseabata M. Ramathebane","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20210903.13","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of ill health associated with infection in approximately a quarter of the global population. Lesotho has been ranked among the top 30 high TB burden countries; however the prevalence of lung cancer in Lesotho has been ranked fifth among the top 5 cancers in men. This seemingly lower prevalence of lung cancer could be masked by the fact that there are a number of cancer cases among TB patients that remain undiagnosed. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was done at the 3 TB centers in Lesotho to investigate the prevalence of lung cancer among patients with TB. This study was done over a 2 months period in April and May 2019. TB patients undergoing treatment at Queen Elizabeth II hospital, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Senkatana center were invited to respond to a questionnaire, where socio-demographic data was gathered, including smoking history, occupation, method of cooking in their homes. The clinical characteristics that patients presented with were also recorded. Among patients who were aged 55 and above, 7 (6.5%) patients had smoking history of more than 30 pack-years. These patients also had family history of lung disease and had worked in the mines or factory in the past. The 7 patients also presented with more than 90% of the clinical symptoms under investigation. Of these 7 patients; 2 (6.3%) were found at Queen II, 1 (4.2%) at St. Joseph while 4 (7.7%) were found at Senkatana hospital. 48% of the study participants were aged 55 and above, while 40% smoked for more than 30 years and 56% were male. 33% of the patients had a family history of lung disease, 21% had worked in mines or factories and 11% had been exposed to prolonged indoor air pollution. Studies show that the risk of lung cancer is 1.7 - fold higher in patients infected with Tuberculosis. It is therefore recommended that lung cancer screening with low dose computed tomography (LDCT) should be done on all Lesotho patients with active TB infection, who report to have smoked for more than 30 years and are aged greater or equal to 55 years.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86275330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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