Pub Date : 2019-10-09DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.13
Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang, S. A. Eloumou, A. Fewou, Clémentine Essaga Essaga, Bruno Djimeli Djougmo, Gilbert-Roger Ateba, G. Simo, A. Moune
Bakground: The small intestine represents the longest part of the digestive tract. The small bowel cancer is rare, but is increasing worldwide. Methods: Data was analysed retrospectively from the medical records concerning cancer of the small intestine histologically proven, from different histopathology laboratories in Cameroon, for 13 years (2004-2016). The variables studied were the frequency, age, gender, risk factors, location and histopathologic type Results: 3.34% (47 cases /1407) of digestive cancers observed during the period of study. There were 23 female and 24 male patients, with a mean age of 49,77±15,84 (11 to 78 years), the sex ratio of men to women 1.04. The main risk factors were Intestinal polyp, adenomatous polyp and polyposis with 6 cases 25.00%, respectively. The ileum location was the most represented with 47.37%. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type with 33 cases (70.21%). Conclusion: Small intestine cancer is the sixth malignant tumor of the digestive tract in Cameroon. The mean age of onset is 49.77 years with a relative male predominance. The most common histological type is adenocarcinoma.
{"title":"Epidemiological and Histopathological Features of Small Intestine Cancer in Cameroon: About 47 Cases","authors":"Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang, S. A. Eloumou, A. Fewou, Clémentine Essaga Essaga, Bruno Djimeli Djougmo, Gilbert-Roger Ateba, G. Simo, A. Moune","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.13","url":null,"abstract":"Bakground: The small intestine represents the longest part of the digestive tract. The small bowel cancer is rare, but is increasing worldwide. Methods: Data was analysed retrospectively from the medical records concerning cancer of the small intestine histologically proven, from different histopathology laboratories in Cameroon, for 13 years (2004-2016). The variables studied were the frequency, age, gender, risk factors, location and histopathologic type Results: 3.34% (47 cases /1407) of digestive cancers observed during the period of study. There were 23 female and 24 male patients, with a mean age of 49,77±15,84 (11 to 78 years), the sex ratio of men to women 1.04. The main risk factors were Intestinal polyp, adenomatous polyp and polyposis with 6 cases 25.00%, respectively. The ileum location was the most represented with 47.37%. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type with 33 cases (70.21%). Conclusion: Small intestine cancer is the sixth malignant tumor of the digestive tract in Cameroon. The mean age of onset is 49.77 years with a relative male predominance. The most common histological type is adenocarcinoma.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88765273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-27DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.11
A. Sui, Wenhua Xu, Huayue Cong, Huiling Song, Yong Liu, H. Jia, Yongqing Shen
Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of Quyuhuazhuo on reducing blood stasis syndrome of malignant tumors (hypercoagulable state of blood). Methods: 60 malignant tumor patients with hypercoagulable state were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. In treatment group, 30 patients were treated with Quyuhuazhuo combined with chemotherapy. In control group, the other 30 patients received chemotherapy only. The clinical symptoms were observed. The changes of PLT (platelet), FIB (fibrinogen), PT (prothrombin time), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) and D-dimer were monitored dynamically before and after treatment. Result: The time of PT and APTT was prolonged significantly in treatment group compared with control group (P<0.05), and the value of PLT, FIB and D-dimer decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined treatment of chemotherapy with Quyuhuazhuo can reduce the hypercoagulable state in malignant tumor patients.
{"title":"Clinical Study of Quyuhuazhuo on Reducing Blood Hypercoagulability of Malignant Tumors","authors":"A. Sui, Wenhua Xu, Huayue Cong, Huiling Song, Yong Liu, H. Jia, Yongqing Shen","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.11","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of Quyuhuazhuo on reducing blood stasis syndrome of malignant tumors (hypercoagulable state of blood). Methods: 60 malignant tumor patients with hypercoagulable state were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. In treatment group, 30 patients were treated with Quyuhuazhuo combined with chemotherapy. In control group, the other 30 patients received chemotherapy only. The clinical symptoms were observed. The changes of PLT (platelet), FIB (fibrinogen), PT (prothrombin time), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) and D-dimer were monitored dynamically before and after treatment. Result: The time of PT and APTT was prolonged significantly in treatment group compared with control group (P<0.05), and the value of PLT, FIB and D-dimer decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined treatment of chemotherapy with Quyuhuazhuo can reduce the hypercoagulable state in malignant tumor patients.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76579772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-24DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.15
S. Takeuchi, T. Shoji, M. Kagabu, T. Honda, T. Nagasawa, Yukari Nitta, T. Sugiyama, S. Yoshimura, Yusuke Nakamura
Despite the improvement of treatments, refractory or chemotherapy resistant ovarian and cervical cancers have been still incurable. In such tumors, the actionable salvage gene-pathways of up-regulating lung cancer 10 (URLC10), hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) and its core protein HIG2- tumor growth factor beta (TGF beta)- the Caenorhabditis elegans SMA ("small" worm phenotype) and Drosophila Mothers Against Decapentaplegic (SMAD), maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK)- forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) which induces and stimulates stathmin concerning cell (vascular endothelial cell and tumor cell) migration and counter pathway of P53, and holliday junction recognition protein (HJURP)-histone H3-like centromeric protein A (CEMPA)-Histone, which play important roles in tumor proliferation, metastasis and cell cycling. They had been shifted from original driver gene such as Ras-MAPK or PIK3CA-mTOR. Furthermore, tumor specific micro-environmental factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors facilitate tumor new-angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, as well. We found human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402 and 0201 restricted epitope neo-antigens or, epitope peptides of VEGF receptor 1 and 2, using micro-cDNA assay form clinical samples. The peptides consisted in nine to eleven mer peptides, which were presented by HLA (major histocompatibility 1) on cell membrane. We administered the multiple peptides subcutaneously as vaccination and it activated intrinsic cell immune system of cytotoxic T cell (CTL). We conducted a phase 1/2 study of those peptides vaccine (PV) cocktails to elucidate their toxicity profiles and efficacy from 4 June 2010 to Jan 2013 for phase 1 studies, and subsequently continued phase 2 studies at outpatient’s clinic of our hospital. PV were administered at a dose of 1mg of each peptide with MONTANIDE*ISA51 (SEPPIC Co. Ltd, France). Enrollees were obtained written informed consent after our IRB approval on 3 June 2010. In results, no major adverse events were seen except dermatologic reactions at injection site. One patient showed complete response, two showed partial response and 10 showed stable disease out of 22 evaluable patients. Median overall survival was 5 months and 9 months in HLA-A2402 and 0201 group, respectively. In conclusion, these findings suggest the peptides cocktail vaccines were safe and applicable for advanced/recurrent OC.
{"title":"Anti-cancer Immunotherapy Epitope-peptides Vaccination in Patients with Refractory/Persistent Disease of Cervical Cancer and Ovarian Cancer (Phase 1 Studies)","authors":"S. Takeuchi, T. Shoji, M. Kagabu, T. Honda, T. Nagasawa, Yukari Nitta, T. Sugiyama, S. Yoshimura, Yusuke Nakamura","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.15","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the improvement of treatments, refractory or chemotherapy resistant ovarian and cervical cancers have been still incurable. In such tumors, the actionable salvage gene-pathways of up-regulating lung cancer 10 (URLC10), hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) and its core protein HIG2- tumor growth factor beta (TGF beta)- the Caenorhabditis elegans SMA (\"small\" worm phenotype) and Drosophila Mothers Against Decapentaplegic (SMAD), maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK)- forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) which induces and stimulates stathmin concerning cell (vascular endothelial cell and tumor cell) migration and counter pathway of P53, and holliday junction recognition protein (HJURP)-histone H3-like centromeric protein A (CEMPA)-Histone, which play important roles in tumor proliferation, metastasis and cell cycling. They had been shifted from original driver gene such as Ras-MAPK or PIK3CA-mTOR. Furthermore, tumor specific micro-environmental factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors facilitate tumor new-angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, as well. We found human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402 and 0201 restricted epitope neo-antigens or, epitope peptides of VEGF receptor 1 and 2, using micro-cDNA assay form clinical samples. The peptides consisted in nine to eleven mer peptides, which were presented by HLA (major histocompatibility 1) on cell membrane. We administered the multiple peptides subcutaneously as vaccination and it activated intrinsic cell immune system of cytotoxic T cell (CTL). We conducted a phase 1/2 study of those peptides vaccine (PV) cocktails to elucidate their toxicity profiles and efficacy from 4 June 2010 to Jan 2013 for phase 1 studies, and subsequently continued phase 2 studies at outpatient’s clinic of our hospital. PV were administered at a dose of 1mg of each peptide with MONTANIDE*ISA51 (SEPPIC Co. Ltd, France). Enrollees were obtained written informed consent after our IRB approval on 3 June 2010. In results, no major adverse events were seen except dermatologic reactions at injection site. One patient showed complete response, two showed partial response and 10 showed stable disease out of 22 evaluable patients. Median overall survival was 5 months and 9 months in HLA-A2402 and 0201 group, respectively. In conclusion, these findings suggest the peptides cocktail vaccines were safe and applicable for advanced/recurrent OC.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"351 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80037354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.14
N. Gridina, A. Morozov, Yuriy Ushenin, V. Rozumenko, N. Draguntsova
Antitumor effect of calcium channel blockers low concentrations has been investigated on the example of verapamil hydrochloride in the combined treatment of patients with glioblastomas after operation. Patients, who underwent brain tumor surgery, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, were divided into two groups. The first group of 11 patients was taken by verapamil - hydrochloride in low concentrations, the second group (32 patients) served as a control. The concentration of the drug was selected individually by means of peripheral blood cells aggregation data on the “Plasmon-6” biosensor. The criterion for the drug concentration selecting was the lowest level of peripheral blood cells aggregation in vitro, reflecting the level of NMDA-dependent calcium channels blocking of the peripheral blood cells membranes. The optimal concentration of verapamil - hydrochloride for all patients was less than 10,000. The criteria of the antitumor activity of verapamil-hydrochloride in low concentrations was the length of the patients life in the postoperative period. When using the drug in patients there were no signs of toxic effects of verapamil - hydrochloride on the body, life expectancy was 10 months more compared to the group of patients not treated with verapamil – hydrochloride and the absence of the toxic and tumor-stimulating action of the drug.
{"title":"Treatment of Patients with Glioblastomas by Low Concentrations of Verapamil Hydrochloride in the Late Postoperative Period","authors":"N. Gridina, A. Morozov, Yuriy Ushenin, V. Rozumenko, N. Draguntsova","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.14","url":null,"abstract":"Antitumor effect of calcium channel blockers low concentrations has been investigated on the example of verapamil hydrochloride in the combined treatment of patients with glioblastomas after operation. Patients, who underwent brain tumor surgery, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, were divided into two groups. The first group of 11 patients was taken by verapamil - hydrochloride in low concentrations, the second group (32 patients) served as a control. The concentration of the drug was selected individually by means of peripheral blood cells aggregation data on the “Plasmon-6” biosensor. The criterion for the drug concentration selecting was the lowest level of peripheral blood cells aggregation in vitro, reflecting the level of NMDA-dependent calcium channels blocking of the peripheral blood cells membranes. The optimal concentration of verapamil - hydrochloride for all patients was less than 10,000. The criteria of the antitumor activity of verapamil-hydrochloride in low concentrations was the length of the patients life in the postoperative period. When using the drug in patients there were no signs of toxic effects of verapamil - hydrochloride on the body, life expectancy was 10 months more compared to the group of patients not treated with verapamil – hydrochloride and the absence of the toxic and tumor-stimulating action of the drug.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88278189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.13
Ram Kumar, Riyesh Thachamvally, S. Maherchandani, B. N. Tripathi, S. Barua, Naveen Kumar
Cancer is a leading cause of human deaths worldwide. Besides inherited genetic disorders, a diverse range of physical, chemical and biological agents may induce cancer. About 15-20% of cancers are known to be originated due to pathogens. Viruses are considered to be the second (after smoking) most important risk factor in inducing human cancer. Viruses may either harbour a copy of oncogene or have an ability to alter the expression of cellular copy of the oncogenes. Both RNA and DNA viruses are can induce oncogenesis. Most of the DNA tumour viruses either integrate their genome (complete or part of it) into the host genome or express early genes that are required for early event of virus replication. These early genes are responsible for oncogenic transformation of host cells. Based upon the mechanism involved, oncogenic RNA viruses are divided into two groups-transforming and non-transforming RNA viruses. Transforming RNA viruses carry viral oncogenes that are homologous to the host oncogene, their expression in infected cells results in oncogenic transformation of the cell. Non-transforming RNA viruses induce oncogenesis similar to the DNA viruses. Contrary, oncolytic viruses selectively replicate in cancerous cells and induce cell death without any damage to the normal tissues. Typically, oncolytic viruses are nonpathogenic to humans that can naturally replicate in cancer cells by exploiting oncogenic cell signalling pathways. Pathogenic viruses can also be genetically manipulated which allow them to replicate in cancerous but not in normal cells. This review review describes the molecular mechanisms associated with virus induced oncogenesis and oncolysis.
{"title":"Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Virus-induced Oncogenesis and Oncolysis","authors":"Ram Kumar, Riyesh Thachamvally, S. Maherchandani, B. N. Tripathi, S. Barua, Naveen Kumar","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.13","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a leading cause of human deaths worldwide. Besides inherited genetic disorders, a diverse range of physical, chemical and biological agents may induce cancer. About 15-20% of cancers are known to be originated due to pathogens. Viruses are considered to be the second (after smoking) most important risk factor in inducing human cancer. Viruses may either harbour a copy of oncogene or have an ability to alter the expression of cellular copy of the oncogenes. Both RNA and DNA viruses are can induce oncogenesis. Most of the DNA tumour viruses either integrate their genome (complete or part of it) into the host genome or express early genes that are required for early event of virus replication. These early genes are responsible for oncogenic transformation of host cells. Based upon the mechanism involved, oncogenic RNA viruses are divided into two groups-transforming and non-transforming RNA viruses. Transforming RNA viruses carry viral oncogenes that are homologous to the host oncogene, their expression in infected cells results in oncogenic transformation of the cell. Non-transforming RNA viruses induce oncogenesis similar to the DNA viruses. Contrary, oncolytic viruses selectively replicate in cancerous cells and induce cell death without any damage to the normal tissues. Typically, oncolytic viruses are nonpathogenic to humans that can naturally replicate in cancer cells by exploiting oncogenic cell signalling pathways. Pathogenic viruses can also be genetically manipulated which allow them to replicate in cancerous but not in normal cells. This review review describes the molecular mechanisms associated with virus induced oncogenesis and oncolysis.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80946879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-10DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.12
Francisco Tria, D. Ang, J. Andal, F. Que, L. K. Cabral, R. Dimalibot, Rachelle Arah Salamat, M. L. Enriquez, Sharlynne Bandales, Raymundo Lo, M. Madrid, M. Imasa, Rubi K. Li
The presence of germline mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes are strong predictors of breast or ovarian cancer risk. Loss of the wild-type allele of BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes are required for tumorigenesis. This study identified and characterized the germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation spectrum among Filipinos using Next Generation Sequencing. This is the first local study to perform comprehensive BRCA1 and BRCA 2 (all exons) mutational analysis among Filipinos. This study prompts further investigation of the unique variants to enable better understanding of the genetic predisposition to BC among Filipinos.
{"title":"Prevalence of Germline Brca1 and Brca2 Mutation Among Filipinos","authors":"Francisco Tria, D. Ang, J. Andal, F. Que, L. K. Cabral, R. Dimalibot, Rachelle Arah Salamat, M. L. Enriquez, Sharlynne Bandales, Raymundo Lo, M. Madrid, M. Imasa, Rubi K. Li","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.12","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of germline mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes are strong predictors of breast or ovarian cancer risk. Loss of the wild-type allele of BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes are required for tumorigenesis. This study identified and characterized the germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation spectrum among Filipinos using Next Generation Sequencing. This is the first local study to perform comprehensive BRCA1 and BRCA 2 (all exons) mutational analysis among Filipinos. This study prompts further investigation of the unique variants to enable better understanding of the genetic predisposition to BC among Filipinos.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80962576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-23DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.11
L. Sakafu, T. Mselle, J. Mwaiselage, Khamza K. Maunda, K. Loon, Bouyoucef S. Eddin
Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine type of malignancy, accounting for 1-5% of all cancers worldwide. Most of the differentiated thyroid cancers are asymptomatic. Surgery is the mainstay of management to be followed by radioactive iodine (RAI). RAI accessibility is still a challenge in most developing countries including Tanzania. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the clinical outcome of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following RAI treatment in a resource limited setting. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out from 2014 to 2018 at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute, in Tanzania. A total of 52 histologically proven differentiated thyroid cancer patients post- near or total thyroidectomy were recruited. All patients received RAI therapy until ablation was achieved, were maintained on thyroxine suppression dose, and were followed for two years. Results: A total of 52 differentiated thyroid cancer patients were recruited after surgery by convenience sampling. The median age of patients was 46 years (range 17-77), and 87% (n=45) were female. Distant metastases were detected in 60% of patients (n=20) at initial presentation. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass without compression symptoms (85%). Analysis at the end of two years revealed that female gender, clinical-pathological presentation, and the absence of distant metastasis(es) at diagnosis and amount of RAI received, contributed significantly to improved outcome. Conclusion: In a limited resource setting, the outcome of DTC patients post RAI therapy can be improved by early diagnosis hence improving clinical outcome.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Radioiodine Therapy in Tanzania","authors":"L. Sakafu, T. Mselle, J. Mwaiselage, Khamza K. Maunda, K. Loon, Bouyoucef S. Eddin","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190703.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine type of malignancy, accounting for 1-5% of all cancers worldwide. Most of the differentiated thyroid cancers are asymptomatic. Surgery is the mainstay of management to be followed by radioactive iodine (RAI). RAI accessibility is still a challenge in most developing countries including Tanzania. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the clinical outcome of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following RAI treatment in a resource limited setting. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out from 2014 to 2018 at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute, in Tanzania. A total of 52 histologically proven differentiated thyroid cancer patients post- near or total thyroidectomy were recruited. All patients received RAI therapy until ablation was achieved, were maintained on thyroxine suppression dose, and were followed for two years. Results: A total of 52 differentiated thyroid cancer patients were recruited after surgery by convenience sampling. The median age of patients was 46 years (range 17-77), and 87% (n=45) were female. Distant metastases were detected in 60% of patients (n=20) at initial presentation. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass without compression symptoms (85%). Analysis at the end of two years revealed that female gender, clinical-pathological presentation, and the absence of distant metastasis(es) at diagnosis and amount of RAI received, contributed significantly to improved outcome. Conclusion: In a limited resource setting, the outcome of DTC patients post RAI therapy can be improved by early diagnosis hence improving clinical outcome.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80069722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-24DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.16
Mohamed Reda, M. El-Beltagy, M. Kamal, M. Hammad
Introduction: Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (ICGCTs) are rare, histologically diverse, and diagnostically challenging tumors that are usually localized in the pineal and suprasellar regions of the brain. Advanced neurosurgical techniques such as neuroendoscopy and frameless stereotactic biopsy have made diagnosis of newly discovered cases of ICGCTs easier and safer. Material and methods: Seventeen patients with intracranial germ cell tumors operated upon between 2008 to 2012 at the Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt, were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed regarding the surgical decision, clinical outcome and surgical complications. Results: There were 9 cases of germinoma (53%), and 8 cases of non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (47%). Nine cases were in the pineal region, six in the suprasellar, and two in the thalamic region. Ten cases were operated upon initially by open surgery and frozen section with subtotal resection and seven cases were biopsied either endoscopically (3 cases) or by frameless guided stereotaxic (4 cases). Accurate pathology was achieved in all biopsied cases without major complications. In the germinoma group, the 4-year overall survival and progression free survival rate were 75% for both at a median follow up period of 26 (range 1 -50) months. For the non-germinomatous germ cell tumors group, the 4-year OS and PFS rates were 36.5% and 31.2% at a median follow up period of 11 (range 2-54) months, respectively. Conclusion: In cases of intracranial germ cell tumors with negative tumor markers the role of surgery is important in the establishment of proper histopathological diagnosis. However, in Non Germinomatous Germ Cell Tumors, further investigations should be done regarding the extent of resection owing to the poor long-term outcome.
{"title":"Surgical Role in Management of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors in Pediatric Age Group","authors":"Mohamed Reda, M. El-Beltagy, M. Kamal, M. Hammad","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (ICGCTs) are rare, histologically diverse, and diagnostically challenging tumors that are usually localized in the pineal and suprasellar regions of the brain. Advanced neurosurgical techniques such as neuroendoscopy and frameless stereotactic biopsy have made diagnosis of newly discovered cases of ICGCTs easier and safer. Material and methods: Seventeen patients with intracranial germ cell tumors operated upon between 2008 to 2012 at the Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt, were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed regarding the surgical decision, clinical outcome and surgical complications. Results: There were 9 cases of germinoma (53%), and 8 cases of non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (47%). Nine cases were in the pineal region, six in the suprasellar, and two in the thalamic region. Ten cases were operated upon initially by open surgery and frozen section with subtotal resection and seven cases were biopsied either endoscopically (3 cases) or by frameless guided stereotaxic (4 cases). Accurate pathology was achieved in all biopsied cases without major complications. In the germinoma group, the 4-year overall survival and progression free survival rate were 75% for both at a median follow up period of 26 (range 1 -50) months. For the non-germinomatous germ cell tumors group, the 4-year OS and PFS rates were 36.5% and 31.2% at a median follow up period of 11 (range 2-54) months, respectively. Conclusion: In cases of intracranial germ cell tumors with negative tumor markers the role of surgery is important in the establishment of proper histopathological diagnosis. However, in Non Germinomatous Germ Cell Tumors, further investigations should be done regarding the extent of resection owing to the poor long-term outcome.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74434126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-24DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.14
A. Nagy, Mohamed Kelney
Background: Primary lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm worldwide with various prognostic factors. Methods: Data was analysed retrospectively from the medical records of 504 patients diagnosed with NSCLC and treated at Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo-Egypt in the period from 1-1-2008 till 31-12- 2012. Results: The Median PFS after first, second and third lines was 3, 4 and 2 months respectively and the median OS was 8 months. Factors which were associated with a statistically significant difference in median OS were: age<60 years versus≥60 years (10 and 7 months respectively, p<0.001), female versus male gender (10 and 8 months respectively, p<0.001), urban versus rural residence (9 and 8 months respectively, p=0.03), smokers versus non-smokers (8 and 10 months respectively, p<0.001), patients presenting with non-neurological symptoms and those presenting with neurological symptoms (9 and 6 months respectively, p<0.001) and the receiving treatment versus no treatment (10 and 5 months respectively, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that the active treatment of patients with NSCLC continues to have an important impact on survival. The fact that rural residence could be associated with worse OS warrants further investigation.
{"title":"Clinico-Epidemiological Features and Survival Outcome in Patients with NSCLC: Ain Shams Clinical Oncology Department 5-Year Data","authors":"A. Nagy, Mohamed Kelney","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Primary lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm worldwide with various prognostic factors. Methods: Data was analysed retrospectively from the medical records of 504 patients diagnosed with NSCLC and treated at Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo-Egypt in the period from 1-1-2008 till 31-12- 2012. Results: The Median PFS after first, second and third lines was 3, 4 and 2 months respectively and the median OS was 8 months. Factors which were associated with a statistically significant difference in median OS were: age<60 years versus≥60 years (10 and 7 months respectively, p<0.001), female versus male gender (10 and 8 months respectively, p<0.001), urban versus rural residence (9 and 8 months respectively, p=0.03), smokers versus non-smokers (8 and 10 months respectively, p<0.001), patients presenting with non-neurological symptoms and those presenting with neurological symptoms (9 and 6 months respectively, p<0.001) and the receiving treatment versus no treatment (10 and 5 months respectively, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that the active treatment of patients with NSCLC continues to have an important impact on survival. The fact that rural residence could be associated with worse OS warrants further investigation.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89680373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.13
S. Semary, H. A. Rahman, Gehad Ahmed, Naglaa El Kenaie, Marwa Romeih, R. Mohy, Nouran Nagi
Bowel perforation or obstruction is life-threatening complications of intestinal lymphoma. Our aim was to define incidence, clinical features, and outcome associated with bowel perforation or obstruction in pediatric intestinal lymphoma. A retrospective, non-randomized study was included all newly diagnosed pediatric intestinal mature B cell lymphoma patients who were operated out of intestinal obstruction or perforation from July 2007 till July 2017 in CCHE. The results showed that, intestinal obstruction or perforation developed in 34 patients (7.5%) out of 456 patients with intestinal mature B cell lymphoma. Median age is 4.85 years. All of them were treated accordingly to NHL LMB 96 protocol [1]. The 5 years OS among patients were operated out of intestinal obstruction, and who were operated out of perforation were 87.7%, 62.9% respectively with no significant statistical differences. Five years OS among patients with viable malignant cell versus no malignant cell was 65.2%, 90.9% respectively with significant P value. The five years OS for patients didn’t have surgery, and who had surgery was 87.9%, 78.6%, respectively, with no significant statistical differences. Multivariate analysis on EFS and OS was done for the overall group and the subgroup. Including age, sex, pathology, clinical stage, elevated LDH, presence of ATLS, showed statically no significance. In Conclusion, Intestinal complication in the form of obstruction with or without intussusception, or obstruction perforation followed by exploration is not adverse prognostic factor for survival in pediatric patients with intestinal mature B cell lymphoma. Operation with viable malignant cell was associated with significant lower outcome.
{"title":"Bowel Obstruction and Perforation in Pediatric Intestinal Mature B Cell Lymphoma: Incidence, Clinical Features, and Outcome in CCHE","authors":"S. Semary, H. A. Rahman, Gehad Ahmed, Naglaa El Kenaie, Marwa Romeih, R. Mohy, Nouran Nagi","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190702.13","url":null,"abstract":"Bowel perforation or obstruction is life-threatening complications of intestinal lymphoma. Our aim was to define incidence, clinical features, and outcome associated with bowel perforation or obstruction in pediatric intestinal lymphoma. A retrospective, non-randomized study was included all newly diagnosed pediatric intestinal mature B cell lymphoma patients who were operated out of intestinal obstruction or perforation from July 2007 till July 2017 in CCHE. The results showed that, intestinal obstruction or perforation developed in 34 patients (7.5%) out of 456 patients with intestinal mature B cell lymphoma. Median age is 4.85 years. All of them were treated accordingly to NHL LMB 96 protocol [1]. The 5 years OS among patients were operated out of intestinal obstruction, and who were operated out of perforation were 87.7%, 62.9% respectively with no significant statistical differences. Five years OS among patients with viable malignant cell versus no malignant cell was 65.2%, 90.9% respectively with significant P value. The five years OS for patients didn’t have surgery, and who had surgery was 87.9%, 78.6%, respectively, with no significant statistical differences. Multivariate analysis on EFS and OS was done for the overall group and the subgroup. Including age, sex, pathology, clinical stage, elevated LDH, presence of ATLS, showed statically no significance. In Conclusion, Intestinal complication in the form of obstruction with or without intussusception, or obstruction perforation followed by exploration is not adverse prognostic factor for survival in pediatric patients with intestinal mature B cell lymphoma. Operation with viable malignant cell was associated with significant lower outcome.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84211413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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