Colorectal tumors are mostly of epithelial origin and represent a wide spectrum of neoplasms. About 97% of colorectal cancer originating from benign lesions of adenomatous polyps are adenocarcinomas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with oncogene and tumor suppressor genes regulation which are known to parallel the tissue abnormalities involved with tumorigenesis such as colorectal adenoma to adenocarcinoma. However, the differential expression patterns of mitochondrial associated microRNAs (referred as MitomiRs) among colorectal adenomatous polyps progression is yet to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the differential expressions profiles of MitomiRs (miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR378) in patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps tissues in correlation with clinicopathological tumor architectures of tubular, tubulovillous, villous adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Isolation of mitochondria RNA from colorectal adenomatous polyps, adenocarcinomas, and normal adjacent tissue samples was performed and assessed for mitochondrial associated miRNAs expression differences using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Data from this study demonstrates that mitochondria genome expression of mitomiRNAs; miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR-378 in colorectal tissue samples varies among the adenomatous polyps. Expression of mitomiRNAs 24, 181, 210 and 378 progressively increased from the precancerous of adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinoma. In addition, miR-210 and miR-181 expression increased 3 folds in villous adenomas and greater than 3 folds increased in miR378 in adenocarcinoma (p < 0.005) when compared to tubular adenoma. Meanwhile, miR-21 increased progressively in adenoma tissues but decreased almost 2.5 folds in adenocarcinomas when compared to villous adenoma tissues (p < 0.001). These results suggest mitomiRs may regulate important mitochondrial functional pathways leading to a more favorable environment for transformation or progression of colorectal adenomatous polyps into adenocarcinomas.
{"title":"Differential Expression Profiles of Mitogenome Associated MicroRNAs Among Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps.","authors":"LaShanale Wallace, Karen Aikhionbare, Saswati Banerjee, Katie Peagler, Mareena Pitts, Xuebiao Yao, Felix Aikhionbare","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal tumors are mostly of epithelial origin and represent a wide spectrum of neoplasms. About 97% of colorectal cancer originating from benign lesions of adenomatous polyps are adenocarcinomas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with oncogene and tumor suppressor genes regulation which are known to parallel the tissue abnormalities involved with tumorigenesis such as colorectal adenoma to adenocarcinoma. However, the differential expression patterns of mitochondrial associated microRNAs (referred as MitomiRs) among colorectal adenomatous polyps progression is yet to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the differential expressions profiles of MitomiRs (miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR378) in patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps tissues in correlation with clinicopathological tumor architectures of tubular, tubulovillous, villous adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Isolation of mitochondria RNA from colorectal adenomatous polyps, adenocarcinomas, and normal adjacent tissue samples was performed and assessed for mitochondrial associated miRNAs expression differences using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Data from this study demonstrates that mitochondria genome expression of mitomiRNAs; miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR-378 in colorectal tissue samples varies among the adenomatous polyps. Expression of mitomiRNAs 24, 181, 210 and 378 progressively increased from the precancerous of adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinoma. In addition, miR-210 and miR-181 expression increased 3 folds in villous adenomas and greater than 3 folds increased in miR378 in adenocarcinoma <i>(p</i> < 0.005) when compared to tubular adenoma. Meanwhile, miR-21 increased progressively in adenoma tissues but decreased almost 2.5 folds in adenocarcinomas when compared to villous adenoma tissues (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These results suggest mitomiRs may regulate important mitochondrial functional pathways leading to a more favorable environment for transformation or progression of colorectal adenomatous polyps into adenocarcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7899164/pdf/nihms-1668460.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25403259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colorectal tumors are mostly of epithelial origin and represent a wide spectrum of neoplasms. About 97% of colorectal cancer originating from benign lesions of adenomatous polyps are adenocarcinomas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with oncogene and tumor suppressor genes regulation which are known to parallel the tissue abnormalities involved with tumorigenesis such as colorectal adenoma to adenocarcinoma. However, the differential expression patterns of mitochondrial associated microRNAs (referred as MitomiRs) among colorectal adenomatous polyps progression is yet to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the differential expressions profiles of MitomiRs (miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR378) in patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps tissues in correlation with clinicopathological tumor architectures of tubular, tubulovillous, villous adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Isolation of mitochondria RNA from colorectal adenomatous polyps, adenocarcinomas, and normal adjacent tissue samples was performed and assessed for mitochondrial associated miRNAs expression differences using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Data from this study demonstrates that mitochondria genome expression of mitomiRNAs; miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR-378 in colorectal tissue samples varies among the adenomatous polyps. Expression of mitomiRNAs 24, 181, 210 and 378 progressively increased from the precancerous of adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinoma. In addition, miR-210 and miR-181 expression increased 3 folds in villous adenomas and greater than 3 folds increased in miR378 in adenocarcinoma (p < 0.005) when compared to tubular adenoma. Meanwhile, miR-21 increased progressively in adenoma tissues but decreased almost 2.5 folds in adenocarcinomas when compared to villous adenoma tissues (p < 0.001). These results suggest mitomiRs may regulate important mitochondrial functional pathways leading to a more favorable environment for transformation or progression of colorectal adenomatous polyps into adenocarcinomas.
{"title":"Differential Expression Profiles of Mitogenome Associated MicroRNAs Among Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps.","authors":"Lashanale Wallace, Karen Aikhionbare, Saswati Banerjee, Katie Peagler, Mareena Pitts, X. Yao, F. Aikhionbare","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20210901.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20210901.14","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal tumors are mostly of epithelial origin and represent a wide spectrum of neoplasms. About 97% of colorectal cancer originating from benign lesions of adenomatous polyps are adenocarcinomas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with oncogene and tumor suppressor genes regulation which are known to parallel the tissue abnormalities involved with tumorigenesis such as colorectal adenoma to adenocarcinoma. However, the differential expression patterns of mitochondrial associated microRNAs (referred as MitomiRs) among colorectal adenomatous polyps progression is yet to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the differential expressions profiles of MitomiRs (miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR378) in patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps tissues in correlation with clinicopathological tumor architectures of tubular, tubulovillous, villous adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Isolation of mitochondria RNA from colorectal adenomatous polyps, adenocarcinomas, and normal adjacent tissue samples was performed and assessed for mitochondrial associated miRNAs expression differences using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Data from this study demonstrates that mitochondria genome expression of mitomiRNAs; miR-24, miR-181, miR-210, miR-21 and miR-378 in colorectal tissue samples varies among the adenomatous polyps. Expression of mitomiRNAs 24, 181, 210 and 378 progressively increased from the precancerous of adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinoma. In addition, miR-210 and miR-181 expression increased 3 folds in villous adenomas and greater than 3 folds increased in miR378 in adenocarcinoma (p < 0.005) when compared to tubular adenoma. Meanwhile, miR-21 increased progressively in adenoma tissues but decreased almost 2.5 folds in adenocarcinomas when compared to villous adenoma tissues (p < 0.001). These results suggest mitomiRs may regulate important mitochondrial functional pathways leading to a more favorable environment for transformation or progression of colorectal adenomatous polyps into adenocarcinomas.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80418990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20210904.12
E. Martínez Muñoz, Maria Luisa Quintero-Soto, Jorge Hernández-Valdés, J. Carreón-Guillén, C. García-Lirios
{"title":"Modelling Adherence to the Treatment of Cervical Cancer","authors":"E. Martínez Muñoz, Maria Luisa Quintero-Soto, Jorge Hernández-Valdés, J. Carreón-Guillén, C. García-Lirios","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20210904.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20210904.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76392206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20210904.11
F. Zhou, Yu-xing Cao, D. Cai, Jia-Jia Liang, Cuilan Deng, Gexiu Liu, D. He
{"title":"Identification of Three Candidate Genes and Their Correlation with Drug Sensitivity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","authors":"F. Zhou, Yu-xing Cao, D. Cai, Jia-Jia Liang, Cuilan Deng, Gexiu Liu, D. He","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20210904.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20210904.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74392191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20210904.14
P. Matula, J. Končík, M. Jasenčak
: Introduction. The current state of re-irradiation in radiation oncology is characterized by the high heterogeneity of re-irradiation practices between institutions. The implementation of imaging methods and new irradiation techniques has created scope for the development and application of more accurate re-irradiation procedures associated with the use of radiobiological modelling, that are allowing often the replacement of palliative intent by radical. Therefore, the preparation of a planning protocol for re-irradiation is a significantly more complex process than for primary treatment planning. It requires quantified dose-volume records from primary and second series, radiobiological knowledge of the regeneration capacity of organs at risk (OaR) and using an appropriate SW-tool for modelling tumour control probability (TCP) versus normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) from individual DVH and pause between series taking into account significant differences in OaR regeneration capacity. Significant restoration takes place within 3-6 months e.g. in the skin, spinal, cord, brain, brain stem and lungs. Other tissues, e.g. kidneys, heart, bladder, have only a small regenerative capacity. This knowledge should be included in the process of preparing a re-irradiation protocol for an individual patient. Purpose: In this contribution we present - an overview of residual tolerance doses for selected OaR in the measure% EQD2 cum (biologically equivalent dose of 2 Gy in percents) for 15 - the most critical OaR extirped from retrospective studies (e.g.%EQD2 cum for brain stem, spin cord and bladder are 170%, 140%, 125%, respectively). Material and methods: A description of simultaneous determination of residual doses in re-irradiation with an original OaR regeneration model (REG pause ) by the authors of paper included into the calculation of the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for individual irradiation scenarios of re-irradiation using the “BioGray” program developed in the workplace of authors. Results: A demonstration of the benefits of the tumour control probability (TCP) versus NTCP prediction depending on the location and volume of the clinical tumour volume (CTV) in the primary and second series. Conclusion: The use of the methodology of radiobiological modelling brings a shift from paradigm of verbalism and estimations in the management of re-irradiation to quantitative evaluation of these processes and utilization of translation research knowledge linked to the current technological possibilities of application IMRT, VMAT, SRS/SBRT and proton therapy.
{"title":"Radiobiological Aspects in Determination of Residual Normal Tissue Tolerance Doses for Various Re-irradiation Scenarios","authors":"P. Matula, J. Končík, M. Jasenčak","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20210904.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20210904.14","url":null,"abstract":": Introduction. The current state of re-irradiation in radiation oncology is characterized by the high heterogeneity of re-irradiation practices between institutions. The implementation of imaging methods and new irradiation techniques has created scope for the development and application of more accurate re-irradiation procedures associated with the use of radiobiological modelling, that are allowing often the replacement of palliative intent by radical. Therefore, the preparation of a planning protocol for re-irradiation is a significantly more complex process than for primary treatment planning. It requires quantified dose-volume records from primary and second series, radiobiological knowledge of the regeneration capacity of organs at risk (OaR) and using an appropriate SW-tool for modelling tumour control probability (TCP) versus normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) from individual DVH and pause between series taking into account significant differences in OaR regeneration capacity. Significant restoration takes place within 3-6 months e.g. in the skin, spinal, cord, brain, brain stem and lungs. Other tissues, e.g. kidneys, heart, bladder, have only a small regenerative capacity. This knowledge should be included in the process of preparing a re-irradiation protocol for an individual patient. Purpose: In this contribution we present - an overview of residual tolerance doses for selected OaR in the measure% EQD2 cum (biologically equivalent dose of 2 Gy in percents) for 15 - the most critical OaR extirped from retrospective studies (e.g.%EQD2 cum for brain stem, spin cord and bladder are 170%, 140%, 125%, respectively). Material and methods: A description of simultaneous determination of residual doses in re-irradiation with an original OaR regeneration model (REG pause ) by the authors of paper included into the calculation of the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for individual irradiation scenarios of re-irradiation using the “BioGray” program developed in the workplace of authors. Results: A demonstration of the benefits of the tumour control probability (TCP) versus NTCP prediction depending on the location and volume of the clinical tumour volume (CTV) in the primary and second series. Conclusion: The use of the methodology of radiobiological modelling brings a shift from paradigm of verbalism and estimations in the management of re-irradiation to quantitative evaluation of these processes and utilization of translation research knowledge linked to the current technological possibilities of application IMRT, VMAT, SRS/SBRT and proton therapy.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77943363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.crj.20210904.13
Paul Eduardo Lada, Casares Gonzalo, Mariot Daniela, Janikow Christian, Saliba Jorge, M. Julian, Santiago Carrizo, Abril Giménez, Francisco Flórez
{"title":"Neuroendocrine Tumours of Gastrointestinal Tract: Our Experience","authors":"Paul Eduardo Lada, Casares Gonzalo, Mariot Daniela, Janikow Christian, Saliba Jorge, M. Julian, Santiago Carrizo, Abril Giménez, Francisco Flórez","doi":"10.11648/j.crj.20210904.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20210904.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84423701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-10DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20200803.11
R. Tanwar, B. Saxena, R. Garg, H. Goyal, D. Deepak
Background – The aim of this study is to analyze the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and appropriate treatment outcome of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), a heterogenous group of disorder in a government tertiary care hospital center. Method– This is a retrospective study of 23 patients from 2002-2020 over 18 years. The patients were evaluated on the basis of their age, obstetric history and the treatment received. All the patients were scored according to Modified World Health Organization (WHO) prognostic scoring system as adapted by FIGO Year 2000. Low risk group patients were given injection Methotrexate + Calcium Leucovorin and high risk group were given EMACO regimen. After treatment, the patient follow up was till date or minimum up to 2 years. The response to treatment was evaluated by regular clinical and radiological examination and serum β-hCG level estimation. Results – Three out of 23 patients who relapsed after primary chemotherapy were given second line chemotherapy. All three patients achieved complete remission (CR) after salvage chemotherapy. Thus overall response rate is 100%. Conclusion – Proper diagnosis, close monitoring and follow up with β-hCG value is of utmost importance in the management of GTN, WHO/FIGO scoring should be done and managed with chemotherapy treatment according to the risk assessment.
{"title":"Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: A Retrospective Study of 23 Cases","authors":"R. Tanwar, B. Saxena, R. Garg, H. Goyal, D. Deepak","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20200803.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20200803.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background – The aim of this study is to analyze the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and appropriate treatment outcome of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), a heterogenous group of disorder in a government tertiary care hospital center. Method– This is a retrospective study of 23 patients from 2002-2020 over 18 years. The patients were evaluated on the basis of their age, obstetric history and the treatment received. All the patients were scored according to Modified World Health Organization (WHO) prognostic scoring system as adapted by FIGO Year 2000. Low risk group patients were given injection Methotrexate + Calcium Leucovorin and high risk group were given EMACO regimen. After treatment, the patient follow up was till date or minimum up to 2 years. The response to treatment was evaluated by regular clinical and radiological examination and serum β-hCG level estimation. Results – Three out of 23 patients who relapsed after primary chemotherapy were given second line chemotherapy. All three patients achieved complete remission (CR) after salvage chemotherapy. Thus overall response rate is 100%. Conclusion – Proper diagnosis, close monitoring and follow up with β-hCG value is of utmost importance in the management of GTN, WHO/FIGO scoring should be done and managed with chemotherapy treatment according to the risk assessment.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81199188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-14DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.15
Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang, Basile Essaola, S. A. Eloumou, Z. Sando, Ebock Yvette Takang, G. Simo, A. Moune, Roger Gilbert Ateba, A. Fewou
To describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of esophageal cancers in Cameroon. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 13 years (January 2004-December 2016) in anatomopathological and gastroenterological departments, in five different regions in Cameroon. Only cases of confirmed histological diagnosis of esophageal cancers were included. Information was retried using a performed question which included questions of sociodemographic data, anatomical site, gross appearance, type specimens, histological type. Data statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. We registered 89 cases of esophageal Cancers within the study period. It was the 4th frequent malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract (6.33%) of all cases. The mean age was 54.89 ± 11.22 years, predominant at 75.28% in the male sex. Smoking was the predominant risk factor among the identified factors associated with the risk of that cancer (21.35%). Lesions of the endoscoy were mostly ulcerative (44.44%) with preferential sites being the lower third portion of the oesophagus (63.33%). 83.15% (74 cases) specimens were biopsies. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most frequent histological type (52.81%), followed by adenocarcinoma (ADK). Malignant tumors of the esophagus are predominantly male in Cameroon and occur mainly in subjects over 50 years. Their incidence is strongly associated with alcohol-toxic intoxication. The tumor lesions sit mainly in the lower third of the organ. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma.
{"title":"Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Esophageal Cancers in Cameroon","authors":"Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang, Basile Essaola, S. A. Eloumou, Z. Sando, Ebock Yvette Takang, G. Simo, A. Moune, Roger Gilbert Ateba, A. Fewou","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.15","url":null,"abstract":"To describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of esophageal cancers in Cameroon. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 13 years (January 2004-December 2016) in anatomopathological and gastroenterological departments, in five different regions in Cameroon. Only cases of confirmed histological diagnosis of esophageal cancers were included. Information was retried using a performed question which included questions of sociodemographic data, anatomical site, gross appearance, type specimens, histological type. Data statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. We registered 89 cases of esophageal Cancers within the study period. It was the 4th frequent malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract (6.33%) of all cases. The mean age was 54.89 ± 11.22 years, predominant at 75.28% in the male sex. Smoking was the predominant risk factor among the identified factors associated with the risk of that cancer (21.35%). Lesions of the endoscoy were mostly ulcerative (44.44%) with preferential sites being the lower third portion of the oesophagus (63.33%). 83.15% (74 cases) specimens were biopsies. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most frequent histological type (52.81%), followed by adenocarcinoma (ADK). Malignant tumors of the esophagus are predominantly male in Cameroon and occur mainly in subjects over 50 years. Their incidence is strongly associated with alcohol-toxic intoxication. The tumor lesions sit mainly in the lower third of the organ. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79242277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-24DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.14
A. Paul, F. Nasreen, N. Sultana
Background: Breast cancer is the commonest form of cancer in females which may be curable if detected early. Breast ultrasound (US) is a non invasive, primary screening tool which can evaluate breast tumors in women even with dense breast. By adding color Doppler signal with B-mode US namely Duplex ultrasound better characterization of breast tumors is possible especially for the indeterminate tumors (BIRADS category 3 and 4) on B-Mode US. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of Duplex Sonography (DS) for assessment of malignancy in breast tumors compared to histopathology. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Science (NINMAS) from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 57 female patients having breast tumors (age mean 42.09 years with SD ± 15.85) were included in this study. After clinical assessment, all study patients underwent Duplex Ultrasound and was then subjected to the excisional biopsy and histopathology for confirmation of the diagnosis. Diagnostic performance test of DS was done for diagnosis of breast malignancy compared to histopathology. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was also constructed to determine the optimal cut-off point for each spectral Doppler indices. Results: On Color Doppler Sonography (CDS), hypervascularity was more common in malignant tumors than benign lesions (86.7%Vs 18.5%; p=0.001). Spectral Doppler indices including resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly higher in malignant tumors (p=0.001). All of these indices had high diagnostic accuracy for differentiating malignant from benign tumors with area under the curve (AUC) which is equals to 0.90, 0.92 for RI and PI respectively. The optimal cut-off points to differentiate benign and malignant tumors from ROC curve for RI was 0.75 (sensitivity: 89.0%, specificity: 85.0%) and that of PI was 1.2 (sensitivity: 96.6%, specificity: 80.0%). All obtained results of sensitivity, specificity and over all accuracy of DS (considering the vessel number on CDS & BIRADS criteria on B-mode US) were 93.3%, 81.5% and 87.7% respectively. Conversely, conventional B-Mode US alone had a sensitivity, specificity and over all accuracy of 100%, 55.6%, and 78.9% respectively. Addition of CDS to B-mode US in the same session increased specificity from 55.6% to 81.5% and accuracy from 78.9% to 87.7%. Conclusion: Duplex ultrasound has a significant role in the evaluation of breast tumors and adds value to B-mode US for distinguishing malignant tumors from benign lesions.
{"title":"Role of Duplex Ultrasound for the Assessment of Malignancy in Breast Tumors","authors":"A. Paul, F. Nasreen, N. Sultana","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the commonest form of cancer in females which may be curable if detected early. Breast ultrasound (US) is a non invasive, primary screening tool which can evaluate breast tumors in women even with dense breast. By adding color Doppler signal with B-mode US namely Duplex ultrasound better characterization of breast tumors is possible especially for the indeterminate tumors (BIRADS category 3 and 4) on B-Mode US. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of Duplex Sonography (DS) for assessment of malignancy in breast tumors compared to histopathology. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Science (NINMAS) from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 57 female patients having breast tumors (age mean 42.09 years with SD ± 15.85) were included in this study. After clinical assessment, all study patients underwent Duplex Ultrasound and was then subjected to the excisional biopsy and histopathology for confirmation of the diagnosis. Diagnostic performance test of DS was done for diagnosis of breast malignancy compared to histopathology. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was also constructed to determine the optimal cut-off point for each spectral Doppler indices. Results: On Color Doppler Sonography (CDS), hypervascularity was more common in malignant tumors than benign lesions (86.7%Vs 18.5%; p=0.001). Spectral Doppler indices including resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly higher in malignant tumors (p=0.001). All of these indices had high diagnostic accuracy for differentiating malignant from benign tumors with area under the curve (AUC) which is equals to 0.90, 0.92 for RI and PI respectively. The optimal cut-off points to differentiate benign and malignant tumors from ROC curve for RI was 0.75 (sensitivity: 89.0%, specificity: 85.0%) and that of PI was 1.2 (sensitivity: 96.6%, specificity: 80.0%). All obtained results of sensitivity, specificity and over all accuracy of DS (considering the vessel number on CDS & BIRADS criteria on B-mode US) were 93.3%, 81.5% and 87.7% respectively. Conversely, conventional B-Mode US alone had a sensitivity, specificity and over all accuracy of 100%, 55.6%, and 78.9% respectively. Addition of CDS to B-mode US in the same session increased specificity from 55.6% to 81.5% and accuracy from 78.9% to 87.7%. Conclusion: Duplex ultrasound has a significant role in the evaluation of breast tumors and adds value to B-mode US for distinguishing malignant tumors from benign lesions.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77318105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-09DOI: 10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.12
Du Yunlong, W. Xiaopeng, Yang Tao, Qu Bao-lin, Cai Boning, D. Xiangkun, Ge Ruigang, Xu Wei, Xu Shouping
Objective: To compare the dosimetric characteristic of tangential field 3D conformal (TF-3DCRT, TF), field-in-field intensity-modulated (FIF-IMRT, FIF) and fixed-field inversely optimized intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (FFIO-IMRT, FFIO) for breast conserving treatment, and explore the benefit and efficiency for the three techniques. Materials and Methods: TF-3DCRT, FIF-IMRT and FFIO-IMRT treatment plans were analyzed for 16 breast patients (8 right-sided and 8 left-sided) after breast-conserving surgery. The target and organs at risk (OARs) were contoured by the same physician in the CT images. The prescription dose was 50Gy/25f. TF-3DCRT and FIF-IMRT were designed using Varian Eclipse Ver10.0 planning system, and FFIO-IMRT in the planning system of Pinnacle Ver9.6. Treatment plans were compared according to dose volume histogram (DVH) analysis in terms of PTV homogeneity and conformity indices (HI and CI) as well as OARs dose and volume parameters, and the efficiency was also evaluated. Results: In all cases, the treatment plans showed statistically significant difference between TF-3DCRT, FIF and FFIO-IMRT. The MUs were 244.9±8.3MU vs 285.9±20.3MU vs 534.0±56.2MU (p<0.001), the CIs of dose distribution and the target were 0.40±0.12 vs 0.48±0.12 vs 0.57±0.12 (p<0.01), and the HIs were 0.20±0.02 vs 0.13±0.02 vs 0.17±0.02 (p<0.01). Compared with TF and FFIO, FIF-IMRT showed smaller in the dose of D2 and volume of V107 and V110 in the target. FFIO-IMRT generally increased the D mean, V10 and V20 of ipsilateral lung, the D1 of contralateral breast and the mean dose of contralateral lung, heart, esophagus, and spinal cord relative to TF and FIF techniques. Conclusion: In breast-conserving RT, FIF-IMRT improved the overall quality of dose distribution and delivery efficiency, and the patients are most likely to benefit from FIF-IMRT.
目的:比较切向场三维适形放疗(TF- 3dcrt, TF)、场内调强放疗(FIF- imrt, FIF)和固定场反向优化调强放疗(FFIO- imrt, FFIO)保乳治疗的剂量学特征，探讨三种技术的效益和效率。材料与方法:分析保乳术后16例乳腺患者(右侧8例，左侧8例)的TF-3DCRT、FIF-IMRT、FFIO-IMRT治疗方案。靶和危险器官(OARs)由同一位医生在CT图像中勾画。处方剂量50Gy/25f。TF-3DCRT和FIF-IMRT采用Varian Eclipse Ver10.0规划系统设计，FFIO-IMRT采用Pinnacle Ver9.6规划系统设计。根据剂量-体积直方图(DVH)分析PTV均匀性和符合性指数(HI和CI)以及OARs剂量和体积参数对各治疗方案进行比较，并评价疗效。结果:在所有病例中，TF-3DCRT、FIF和FFIO-IMRT的治疗方案差异均有统计学意义。MUs分别为244.9±8.3MU vs 285.9±20.3MU vs 534.0±56.2MU (p<0.001)，剂量分布和靶区CIs分别为0.40±0.12 vs 0.48±0.12 vs 0.57±0.12 (p<0.01)， HIs分别为0.20±0.02 vs 0.13±0.02 vs 0.17±0.02 (p<0.01)。与TF和FFIO相比，FIF-IMRT在靶区D2剂量和V107、V110体积上均较小。相对于TF和FIF技术，FFIO-IMRT普遍提高了同侧肺的D均值、V10和V20、对侧乳腺的D1以及对侧肺、心脏、食道和脊髓的平均剂量。结论:在保乳放疗中，FIF-IMRT提高了剂量分配的整体质量和给药效率，患者最有可能从FIF-IMRT中获益。
{"title":"Dosimetric Evaluation of TF-3DCRT, FIF-Forward IMRT and FF Inversely Optimized IMRT for Breast Conserving Treatment","authors":"Du Yunlong, W. Xiaopeng, Yang Tao, Qu Bao-lin, Cai Boning, D. Xiangkun, Ge Ruigang, Xu Wei, Xu Shouping","doi":"10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CRJ.20190704.12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the dosimetric characteristic of tangential field 3D conformal (TF-3DCRT, TF), field-in-field intensity-modulated (FIF-IMRT, FIF) and fixed-field inversely optimized intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (FFIO-IMRT, FFIO) for breast conserving treatment, and explore the benefit and efficiency for the three techniques. Materials and Methods: TF-3DCRT, FIF-IMRT and FFIO-IMRT treatment plans were analyzed for 16 breast patients (8 right-sided and 8 left-sided) after breast-conserving surgery. The target and organs at risk (OARs) were contoured by the same physician in the CT images. The prescription dose was 50Gy/25f. TF-3DCRT and FIF-IMRT were designed using Varian Eclipse Ver10.0 planning system, and FFIO-IMRT in the planning system of Pinnacle Ver9.6. Treatment plans were compared according to dose volume histogram (DVH) analysis in terms of PTV homogeneity and conformity indices (HI and CI) as well as OARs dose and volume parameters, and the efficiency was also evaluated. Results: In all cases, the treatment plans showed statistically significant difference between TF-3DCRT, FIF and FFIO-IMRT. The MUs were 244.9±8.3MU vs 285.9±20.3MU vs 534.0±56.2MU (p<0.001), the CIs of dose distribution and the target were 0.40±0.12 vs 0.48±0.12 vs 0.57±0.12 (p<0.01), and the HIs were 0.20±0.02 vs 0.13±0.02 vs 0.17±0.02 (p<0.01). Compared with TF and FFIO, FIF-IMRT showed smaller in the dose of D2 and volume of V107 and V110 in the target. FFIO-IMRT generally increased the D mean, V10 and V20 of ipsilateral lung, the D1 of contralateral breast and the mean dose of contralateral lung, heart, esophagus, and spinal cord relative to TF and FIF techniques. Conclusion: In breast-conserving RT, FIF-IMRT improved the overall quality of dose distribution and delivery efficiency, and the patients are most likely to benefit from FIF-IMRT.","PeriodicalId":9422,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Research Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88470577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号