Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100188
Lena Q. Ma, Jing Wang
A powerful title is your publication's most visible asset, serving as both a hook for broad readers and a label for search engines. This editorial provides practical guides and sample analyses to transform vague, lengthy titles into captivating and searchable headlines. We outline four common pitfalls to shun ineffective titles and provide four key strategies to create impactful titles. By adopting these principles and learning from annotated examples, you can ensure your publication captures attention and expands reach.
{"title":"Creating captivating and searchable titles in technical writing: Practical guides and sample analyses","authors":"Lena Q. Ma, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A powerful title is your publication's most visible asset, serving as both a hook for broad readers and a label for search engines. This editorial provides practical guides and sample analyses to transform vague, lengthy titles into captivating and searchable headlines. We outline four common pitfalls to shun ineffective titles and provide four key strategies to create impactful titles. By adopting these principles and learning from annotated examples, you can ensure your publication captures attention and expands reach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100178
Esther Álvarez-Ayuso , Antonio Giménez , Juan Carlos Ballesteros
This study aimed to assess the dynamics of fluoride (F) leaching and the associated environmental risks of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum when applied to acidic agricultural soils. To evaluate the retention and mobility of F, batch and column leaching experiments were conducted on two representative acidic soils: a Luvisol (loamy sand texture) and an Acrisol (sandy loam texture), which were amended with FGD gypsum at application rates of 1–10 wt%. Complementary sequential extraction was performed to elucidate and quantify the main geochemical mechanisms underlying F immobilization within the amended soil matrices. The results demonstrate that the soils significantly attenuated fluoride release. Across all application rates, F leaching was reduced by > 83% compared to that of soil-free controls. Although the content of leachable F increased proportionally with increased FGD gypsum application, the concentrations in leachates remained below the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water (1.5 mg L−1) at 1–2 wt% application. At these dosages, the ecological risk quotients were consistently <1, indicating negligible chronic toxicity risks to key ecological receptors, including aquatic and terrestrial plants, and to sensitive aquatic invertebrates such as Daphnia magna. Vertical transport of F beyond the amendment incorporation zone was limited, with less than 20% of F leached to deeper soil layers at the highest application rate at 10 wt%. This restricted mobility was attributed primarily to the intrinsic geochemical properties of acidic soils, specifically the abundance of amorphous or poorly crystalline Al/Fe= (oxyhydr)oxides, along with exchangeable Al. These phases formed stable adsorption complexes with F or underwent pH-dependent precipitation upon gypsum-induced neutralization, effectively sequestering F. A secondary, albeit minor, contribution to F retention was associated with soil organic matter. Overall, the findings show that, when applied at agronomically practical rates at <2 wt%, FGD gypsum releases F that is efficiently immobilized through soil-mediated geochemical processes, resulting in low environmental mobility and minimal ecotoxicological risks, thereby demonstrating the safe utilization of FGD gypsum as a soil amendment for acidic soil reclamation.
本研究旨在评估应用于酸性农业土壤的烟气脱硫（FGD）石膏的氟(F)浸出动力学和相关的环境风险。为了评估F的保留和流动性，在两种具有代表性的酸性土壤上进行了批量和柱淋滤试验：Luvisol（壤土质地）和Acrisol（砂壤土质地），并以1-10 wt%的施用量对其进行了FGD石膏的改性。补充顺序提取是为了阐明和量化土壤基质中氟固定的主要地球化学机制。结果表明，土壤对氟的释放有明显的抑制作用。在所有施用量下，与无土对照相比，氟淋失减少了83%。虽然可浸出F的含量随着FGD石膏用量的增加而成比例地增加，但在1 - 2%的施用量下，渗滤液中的浓度仍低于世界卫生组织饮用水准则（1.5 mg L - 1）。在这些剂量下，生态风险系数始终为<；1，表明对关键生态受体（包括水生和陆生植物）以及敏感水生无脊椎动物（如水蚤）的慢性毒性风险可以忽略不计。改良剂掺入带以外的氟垂直运移有限，在最高施用量为10 wt%时，只有不到20%的氟淋滤到较深的土层。这种受限的流动性主要归因于酸性土壤固有的地球化学特性，特别是大量无定形或结晶性差的Al/Fe=（氧合）氧化物，以及可交换的Al。这些相与F形成稳定的吸附配合物，在石膏诱导的中和作用下发生ph依赖性沉淀，有效地隔离了F。总的来说，研究结果表明，当以农艺学上可行的比例（<2 wt%）施用时，烟气脱硫石膏释放的氟通过土壤介导的地球化学过程有效地固定化，导致低环境流动性和最小的生态毒理学风险，从而证明了烟气脱硫石膏作为酸性土壤改良剂的安全利用。
{"title":"Soil pH and Fe/Al (oxyhydr)oxides govern fluoride leaching from flue gas desulfurization gypsum in acidic soils","authors":"Esther Álvarez-Ayuso , Antonio Giménez , Juan Carlos Ballesteros","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess the dynamics of fluoride (F) leaching and the associated environmental risks of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum when applied to acidic agricultural soils. To evaluate the retention and mobility of F, batch and column leaching experiments were conducted on two representative acidic soils: a Luvisol (loamy sand texture) and an Acrisol (sandy loam texture), which were amended with FGD gypsum at application rates of 1–10 wt%. Complementary sequential extraction was performed to elucidate and quantify the main geochemical mechanisms underlying F immobilization within the amended soil matrices. The results demonstrate that the soils significantly attenuated fluoride release. Across all application rates, F leaching was reduced by > 83% compared to that of soil-free controls. Although the content of leachable F increased proportionally with increased FGD gypsum application, the concentrations in leachates remained below the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water (1.5 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) at 1–2 wt% application. At these dosages, the ecological risk quotients were consistently <1, indicating negligible chronic toxicity risks to key ecological receptors, including aquatic and terrestrial plants, and to sensitive aquatic invertebrates such as <em>Daphnia magna</em>. Vertical transport of F beyond the amendment incorporation zone was limited, with less than 20% of F leached to deeper soil layers at the highest application rate at 10 wt%. This restricted mobility was attributed primarily to the intrinsic geochemical properties of acidic soils, specifically the abundance of amorphous or poorly crystalline Al/Fe= (oxyhydr)oxides, along with exchangeable Al. These phases formed stable adsorption complexes with F or underwent pH-dependent precipitation upon gypsum-induced neutralization, effectively sequestering F. A secondary, albeit minor, contribution to F retention was associated with soil organic matter. Overall, the findings show that, when applied at agronomically practical rates at <2 wt%, FGD gypsum releases F that is efficiently immobilized through soil-mediated geochemical processes, resulting in low environmental mobility and minimal ecotoxicological risks, thereby demonstrating the safe utilization of FGD gypsum as a soil amendment for acidic soil reclamation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145361411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100179
Yi Chen , Wei-Li Jia , Rui Ma , Yi-Hao Yu , Lu-Kai Qiao , Fang-Zhou Gao , Guang-Guo Ying
Agricultural soil represent a critical hotspot for the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG), posing significant threats to food safety, public health, and agricultural sustainability. Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from biomass pyrolysis, has emerged as a promising soil amendment capable of modulating the fate and transport of ARG in terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms by which biochar and its biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) influence ARG dynamics remain poorly understood. It is hypothesized that biochar and BDOM regulate ARG dissemination through their effects on soil microbial community composition, functional potential, and metabolic activity. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a controlled microcosm experiment in which corn stover biochar (CBC), reed straw biochar (RBC), corn stover BDOM (CBDOM), and reed straw BDOM (RBDOM) were applied to agricultural soil amended with organic fertilizer. Our results revealed contrasting effects of the two biochars: CBC increased the relative abundance of ARGs by up to 2.48-fold compared to organic fertilizer control, whereas RBC consistently suppressed ARG levels by up to 91 %. In contrast, BDOM exhibited a comparatively weaker influence on ARG abundance than its solid-phase biochar counterpart. Partial least-squares path modeling identified mobile genetic elements as the primary drivers of ARG dissemination across all treatments. Notably, the CBC application was associated with a marked enrichment of IntI1, a clinical class 1 integron-integrase gene. Conversely, both RBC and BDOM suppressed polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and ATP synthesis, potentially reducing microbial antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, CBC promoted the potential ARG hosts involved in xenobiotic degradation, while RBC enhanced the potential hosts associated with the nitrogen cycle. Collectively, these findings elucidate the complex and feedstock-dependent roles of biochar in shaping ARG dynamics in agricultural soils, offering a strategic, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable approach to mitigate ARG pollution in agroecosystems.
{"title":"Differential regulation of soil antibiotic resistance genes by biochar types and their derived dissolved organic matter","authors":"Yi Chen , Wei-Li Jia , Rui Ma , Yi-Hao Yu , Lu-Kai Qiao , Fang-Zhou Gao , Guang-Guo Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural soil represent a critical hotspot for the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG), posing significant threats to food safety, public health, and agricultural sustainability. Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from biomass pyrolysis, has emerged as a promising soil amendment capable of modulating the fate and transport of ARG in terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms by which biochar and its biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) influence ARG dynamics remain poorly understood. It is hypothesized that biochar and BDOM regulate ARG dissemination through their effects on soil microbial community composition, functional potential, and metabolic activity. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a controlled microcosm experiment in which corn stover biochar (CBC), reed straw biochar (RBC), corn stover BDOM (CBDOM), and reed straw BDOM (RBDOM) were applied to agricultural soil amended with organic fertilizer. Our results revealed contrasting effects of the two biochars: CBC increased the relative abundance of ARGs by up to 2.48-fold compared to organic fertilizer control, whereas RBC consistently suppressed ARG levels by up to 91 %. In contrast, BDOM exhibited a comparatively weaker influence on ARG abundance than its solid-phase biochar counterpart. Partial least-squares path modeling identified mobile genetic elements as the primary drivers of ARG dissemination across all treatments. Notably, the CBC application was associated with a marked enrichment of <em>IntI1</em><em>,</em> a <em>clinical class 1 integron-integrase gene</em>. Conversely, both RBC and BDOM suppressed polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and ATP synthesis, potentially reducing microbial antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, CBC promoted the potential ARG hosts involved in xenobiotic degradation, while RBC enhanced the potential hosts associated with the nitrogen cycle. Collectively, these findings elucidate the complex and feedstock-dependent roles of biochar in shaping ARG dynamics in agricultural soils, offering a strategic, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable approach to mitigate ARG pollution in agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100177
Qiao-Rui Ren , Jing-Min Yang , Xin Wang , Delai Zhong , Xiong-Hui Ji , Bo Peng , Qin-Bo Qin
Reductive dissolution of As-bearing Fe-oxyhyr)oxides in paddy soils under flooded conditions can trigger mass As liberation into porewater as a primary hotspot of bioavailable As and thus favor As uptake by rice. To tackle this challenge, we fabricated a ferrihydrite-polyvinyl alcohol composite membrane to target and extract porewater As in paddy soils, aiming at decreasing As accumulation in rice grains. The treatment deploying the membranes at three depths reduced porewater As concentration by 34% and average diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT)-measured As levels by 36% at the 0–20 cm soil depth relative to control. The As content in rice grains decreased by 34% accordingly. Furthermore, ammonium phosphate application not only enhanced the As extraction efficiency of the composite membranes from porewater, but also increased the oxidation percentage of AsIII on the membranes based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals Si enrichment on ferrihydrite surfaces within the membrane under flooded conditions. This surface-bound Si effectively inhibits ferrihydrite crystallization and retards its reductive dissolution, thereby sustaining high As removal efficiency throughout extended extraction cycles. This study provides a promising remediation strategy for in-situ removal of porewater As in paddy soils, significantly mitigating As accumulation in rice grains.
{"title":"Reduction of porewater arsenic and accumulation in rice grains by novel composite membranes under flooded conditions","authors":"Qiao-Rui Ren , Jing-Min Yang , Xin Wang , Delai Zhong , Xiong-Hui Ji , Bo Peng , Qin-Bo Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reductive dissolution of As-bearing Fe-oxyhyr)oxides in paddy soils under flooded conditions can trigger mass As liberation into porewater as a primary hotspot of bioavailable As and thus favor As uptake by rice. To tackle this challenge, we fabricated a ferrihydrite-polyvinyl alcohol composite membrane to target and extract porewater As in paddy soils, aiming at decreasing As accumulation in rice grains. The treatment deploying the membranes at three depths reduced porewater As concentration by 34% and average diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT)-measured As levels by 36% at the 0–20 cm soil depth relative to control. The As content in rice grains decreased by 34% accordingly. Furthermore, ammonium phosphate application not only enhanced the As extraction efficiency of the composite membranes from porewater, but also increased the oxidation percentage of AsIII on the membranes based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals Si enrichment on ferrihydrite surfaces within the membrane under flooded conditions. This surface-bound Si effectively inhibits ferrihydrite crystallization and retards its reductive dissolution, thereby sustaining high As removal efficiency throughout extended extraction cycles. This study provides a promising remediation strategy for <em>in-situ</em> removal of porewater As in paddy soils, significantly mitigating As accumulation in rice grains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100176
Qian Sun , Yida Li , Sen Li , Panbo Zhao , Jiali Guo , Xin Lin , Tingting Fan , Hu Cheng , Qing-Long Fu , Yujun Wang
The chemical transformation of ferrous Fe (FeII) under aerobic conditions is a key process governing Fe cycling in soil and is strongly influenced by coexisting constituents such as phosphate and organic matter. Transient redox fluctuations result in the simultaneous presence of FeII and O2. However, the combined effects of phosphate and fulvic acid (FA) on FeII oxidation in the presence of O2 and Fe precipitation remain poorly understood. In this study, we used kinetic experiments and solid-phase characterizations to unravel the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that FA impeded both FeII oxidation and Fe precipitation. This inhibition might be attributed to FeII complexation with FA and the subsequent adsorption of FA onto Fe mineral surfaces. When phosphate and FA coexisted, phosphate partially decreased the inhibitory FA effects, which is likely due to the formation of Fe hydroxyphosphate and competitive adsorption between phosphate and FA on Fe mineral surfaces. In the absence of phosphate, goethite was the predominant ferric (FeIII) product. However, phosphate addition favored the formation of lepidocrocite and Fe hydroxyphosphate. Increasing phosphate concentrations led to greater phosphate incorporation into Fe minerals. When both phosphate and FA were present, the crystallinity of lepidocrocite and Fe hydroxyphosphate decreased compared to the sole phosphate system. Overall, this study reveals that FA simultaneously inhibited FeII oxidation and Fe precipitation, and that phosphate mitigated these effects via Fe hydroxyphosphate formation and competitive interactions. These findings provide an insight into how coexisting organic and inorganic ligands regulate Fe redox kinetics and Fe precipitation, and underscore the importance of incorporating such interactions into future studies of Fe cycling under fluctuating redox conditions in soil.
{"title":"Combined effects of fulvic acid and phosphate on FeII oxidation and Fe precipitation","authors":"Qian Sun , Yida Li , Sen Li , Panbo Zhao , Jiali Guo , Xin Lin , Tingting Fan , Hu Cheng , Qing-Long Fu , Yujun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The chemical transformation of ferrous Fe (FeII) under aerobic conditions is a key process governing Fe cycling in soil and is strongly influenced by coexisting constituents such as phosphate and organic matter. Transient redox fluctuations result in the simultaneous presence of FeII and O<sub>2</sub>. However, the combined effects of phosphate and fulvic acid (FA) on FeII oxidation in the presence of O<sub>2</sub> and Fe precipitation remain poorly understood. In this study, we used kinetic experiments and solid-phase characterizations to unravel the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that FA impeded both FeII oxidation and Fe precipitation. This inhibition might be attributed to FeII complexation with FA and the subsequent adsorption of FA onto Fe mineral surfaces. When phosphate and FA coexisted, phosphate partially decreased the inhibitory FA effects, which is likely due to the formation of Fe hydroxyphosphate and competitive adsorption between phosphate and FA on Fe mineral surfaces. In the absence of phosphate, goethite was the predominant ferric (FeIII) product. However, phosphate addition favored the formation of lepidocrocite and Fe hydroxyphosphate. Increasing phosphate concentrations led to greater phosphate incorporation into Fe minerals. When both phosphate and FA were present, the crystallinity of lepidocrocite and Fe hydroxyphosphate decreased compared to the sole phosphate system. Overall, this study reveals that FA simultaneously inhibited FeII oxidation and Fe precipitation, and that phosphate mitigated these effects via Fe hydroxyphosphate formation and competitive interactions. These findings provide an insight into how coexisting organic and inorganic ligands regulate Fe redox kinetics and Fe precipitation, and underscore the importance of incorporating such interactions into future studies of Fe cycling under fluctuating redox conditions in soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100175
Zhenyu Cao , Fugen Dou , Youjun Deng , Xingmao Ma
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are increasingly detected in soils, posing potential risks to human health via their accumulation in food crops. Unfortunately, options for effective remediation of PFAS-contaminated soils are limited. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in soil remediation technologies aiming to lower PFAS bioavailability by focusing on either sequestration or in situ degradation. Specifically, highly effective soil amendments such as clay minerals and activated carbon are often used for PFAS immobilization. However, despite their initial effectiveness, the long-term stability of sequestered PFAS may be compromised as a result of sorbent aging and soil condition changes, leading to the potential remobilization of the sorbed PFAS. In situ chemical degradation including advanced oxidation and advanced reduction processes can achieve long-term PFAS removal, especially by combining with other downstream treatment technologies. However, detailed studies are still lacking. This review highlighted several urgent research needs to advance PFAS remediation in soil and proposed new approaches such as an integrated approach that combines sequestration with chemical degradation to achieve more sustainable long-term stabilization and removal of PFAS from contaminated soils.
{"title":"Sequestration and degradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in soil: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Zhenyu Cao , Fugen Dou , Youjun Deng , Xingmao Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are increasingly detected in soils, posing potential risks to human health via their accumulation in food crops. Unfortunately, options for effective remediation of PFAS-contaminated soils are limited. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in soil remediation technologies aiming to lower PFAS bioavailability by focusing on either sequestration or <em>in situ</em> degradation. Specifically, highly effective soil amendments such as clay minerals and activated carbon are often used for PFAS immobilization. However, despite their initial effectiveness, the long-term stability of sequestered PFAS may be compromised as a result of sorbent aging and soil condition changes, leading to the potential remobilization of the sorbed PFAS. <em>In situ</em> chemical degradation including advanced oxidation and advanced reduction processes can achieve long-term PFAS removal, especially by combining with other downstream treatment technologies. However, detailed studies are still lacking. This review highlighted several urgent research needs to advance PFAS remediation in soil and proposed new approaches such as an integrated approach that combines sequestration with chemical degradation to achieve more sustainable long-term stabilization and removal of PFAS from contaminated soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100174
Yiyu Lan , Qingnan Chu , Xiangyu Liu , Shuhan Xu , Detian Li , Chengming Zhang , Ping He , Xianwen Feng , Hanlin Zhang , Zhimin Sha
Enhancing soil carbon sequestration in flooded agroecosystems is critical for promoting soil health, improving crop productivity, and mitigating climate change. This study evaluated the role of oxygen nanobubble (ONB)-loaded biochar, an emerging oxygenation and carbon management tool, in modulating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and microbial activity in rice paddy soil. A pot experiment was conducted with treatments involving biochar, ONB-loaded biochar, and iron plaque induction. The results show that ONB-loaded biochar increased SOC by 11–19% compared to the control group. This enhancement was attributed to two primary mechanisms: (1) suppression of hydrolase activity, including β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase, resulting in reduced decomposition of labile organic matter; and (2) increased oxidase activity, which facilitated the oxidation of phenolic compounds and promoted the formation of recalcitrant C-Fe complexes. Additionally, enzyme stoichiometry and vector analysis revealed stronger microbial carbon limitation and phosphorus limitation in ONB-loaded biochar treatments, particularly during the tillering and maturing stages. The formation of Fe plaques on the roots further modulated these effects by altering redox conditions and nutrient availability. These findings highlight ONB-loaded biochar as a sustainable soil amendment to strengthen long-term SOC storage, modulate microbial nutrient dynamics, and enhance soil biogeochemical functions in rice agroecosystems. This approach offers promising implications for advancing climate-smart and environmentally sound soil management strategies.
{"title":"Oxygen-nanobubble-loaded biochar increases soil carbon sequestration in rice paddies","authors":"Yiyu Lan , Qingnan Chu , Xiangyu Liu , Shuhan Xu , Detian Li , Chengming Zhang , Ping He , Xianwen Feng , Hanlin Zhang , Zhimin Sha","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing soil carbon sequestration in flooded agroecosystems is critical for promoting soil health, improving crop productivity, and mitigating climate change. This study evaluated the role of oxygen nanobubble (ONB)-loaded biochar, an emerging oxygenation and carbon management tool, in modulating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and microbial activity in rice paddy soil. A pot experiment was conducted with treatments involving biochar, ONB-loaded biochar, and iron plaque induction. The results show that ONB-loaded biochar increased SOC by 11–19% compared to the control group. This enhancement was attributed to two primary mechanisms: (1) suppression of hydrolase activity, including β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase, resulting in reduced decomposition of labile organic matter; and (2) increased oxidase activity, which facilitated the oxidation of phenolic compounds and promoted the formation of recalcitrant C-Fe complexes. Additionally, enzyme stoichiometry and vector analysis revealed stronger microbial carbon limitation and phosphorus limitation in ONB-loaded biochar treatments, particularly during the tillering and maturing stages. The formation of Fe plaques on the roots further modulated these effects by altering redox conditions and nutrient availability. These findings highlight ONB-loaded biochar as a sustainable soil amendment to strengthen long-term SOC storage, modulate microbial nutrient dynamics, and enhance soil biogeochemical functions in rice agroecosystems. This approach offers promising implications for advancing climate-smart and environmentally sound soil management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100172
Xiaoming Zou
This letter questions the sole attribution of enhanced plant growth and arsenic accumulation to P availability in Hu et al. (2025), arguing that Ca, a co-delivered nutrient in all treatments, may be a confounding factor. Emerging evidence highlights Ca's critical role in plant growth, water use efficiency, and arsenic uptake, necessitating careful consideration in experimental designs. The letter recommends experimental designs that disentangle P and Ca effects to strengthen the mechanistic understanding of nutrient-driven phytoremediation.
{"title":"Calcium as a confounding variable in phosphorus attribution: A commentary on Hu et al. (2025)","authors":"Xiaoming Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This letter questions the sole attribution of enhanced plant growth and arsenic accumulation to P availability in Hu et al. (2025), arguing that Ca, a co-delivered nutrient in all treatments, may be a confounding factor. Emerging evidence highlights Ca's critical role in plant growth, water use efficiency, and arsenic uptake, necessitating careful consideration in experimental designs. The letter recommends experimental designs that disentangle P and Ca effects to strengthen the mechanistic understanding of nutrient-driven phytoremediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-28DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100164
Keiji Jindo , Tomonori Sonoki , Miguel A. Sánchez-Monedero
Biochar is a promising additive for enhancing composting efficiency and long-term compost quality. This study investigated its effects on greenhouse gas emissions and organic matter stabilization during the composting of poultry (PM) and cattle manure (CM). Biochar addition significantly reduced methane emissions during the thermophilic phase—by 4.6-fold in PM+B and 3.7-fold in CM+B compared to PM and CM without biochar amendment, respectively—indicating improved aeration and microbial activity, as supported by higher CO2 emissions. A novel aspect of this study is the focus on lignin, a recalcitrant carbon fraction. Biochar-amended composts showed 1.5-fold greater lignin degradation (29.0 % in PM + B and 10.8 % in CM + B) than controls, along with enhanced lignin stability, as evidenced by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy and thermal analysis. We assessed labile carbon fractions (e.g., water-soluble carbon and carbohydrates), ATP, and enzymes involved in carbon and nutrient cycling. PM and CM retained more labile carbon through the final stage, showing higher ATP, dehydrogenase, and β-glucosidase than their biochar-treated counterparts. Redundancy analysis indicated that microbial communities and structural traits influenced gas emissions during the thermophilic stage and compost stabilization at the final stage. CH4 emissions were associated with mcrA, fungi, and total nitrogen, while CO2 correlated with bulk density and Gram-negative bacteria. In the final stage, maturity indices were linked with microbial and physicochemical variables, underscoring their combined role in compost stabilization. Biochar amendment enhanced compost quality by reducing CH4 emission and promoting selective carbon transformation, particularly lignin. These findings support biochar-amended composting as a strategy for producing composts with improved agronomic and environmental value.
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