Soil & Environmental Health最新文献_第4页

Differential impacts of organic and chemical fertilization on soil organic carbon pools and stability, and soil quality in cacao agroforestry 有机肥与化肥施肥对可可农林业土壤有机碳库、稳定性及土壤质量的差异影响

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100147

Joseph Osafo Eduah , Alfred Arthur , Ishmael Amoako-Attah , Elvis Frimpong Manso , Amos Kojo Quaye , Jerome Agbesi Dogbatse , Francis Kwame Padi

Fertilization impacts soil organic carbon (SOC) and its stability, key factors for soil quality and climate change mitigation. This study assessed the long-term effects of chemical (CON) and organic (ORG) fertilizations on oxidizable SOC pools, SOC stability, and soil quality in cacao soils. Soils were sampled from 20 farms under ORG and CON at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm depths, with an uncultivated field as a reference. SOC pools and their derived indices were analyzed, with soil quality being evaluated using a minimum dataset and principal component analysis. The SOC stock was significantly higher in ORG (60.2–69.8 Mg C ha⁻¹) than in CON (42.8–49.6 Mg C ha⁻¹). The SOC stock in ORG was largely in the active pool (54–68 %), while it was predominantly in the passive pool (73–74 %) in CON. The SOC stock and active SOC pool decreased with soil depth while the passive pool increased with soil depth. Unlike the recalcitrant index, the lability index was high in ORG (1.41–1.82) and low in CON (1.01–1.10). Consistent with the carbon management index, the soil quality index, based on SOC, microbial biomass C, pH, dehydrogenase activity, and bulk density, was higher in ORG (0.753–0.821) than that in CON (0.169–0.235), reflecting soil degradation in CON. Our study revealed that, while CON reduced SOC stock, it improved SOC stability, highlighting a trade-off between SOC quantity and resistance to decomposition. In contrast, ORG enhanced active SOC build-up and soil quality but was less effective in promoting long-term carbon sequestration. These findings highlight fertilization practices that enhance SOC lability and soil quality or improve SOC stability, providing appropriate strategies for the sustainable management of cacao agroecosystems.

施肥影响土壤有机碳及其稳定性，是影响土壤质量和减缓气候变化的关键因素。本研究评估了化学（CON）和有机（ORG）施肥对可可土壤氧化性有机碳库、有机碳稳定性和土壤质量的长期影响。以未开垦的农田为参照，在0-15 cm和15-30 cm深度的20个农田进行土壤取样。对土壤有机碳库及其衍生指标进行了分析，并采用最小数据集和主成分分析法对土壤质量进行了评价。有机碳储量（60.2 ~ 69.8 Mg C ha−1）显著高于CON （42.8 ~ 49.6 Mg C ha−1）。土壤有机碳储量以主动库为主（54 ~ 68%），而以被动库为主（73 ~ 74%），土壤有机碳储量和主动库随土壤深度的增加而减少，被动库随土壤深度的增加而增加。与倔强指数不同，ORG的不稳定指数高（1.41 ~ 1.82），CON的不稳定指数低（1.01 ~ 1.10）。与碳管理指数一致，基于有机碳、微生物生物量C、pH、脱氢酶活性和容重的土壤质量指数（0.753-0.821）高于CON(0.169-0.235)，反映了CON土壤的退化。研究表明，CON减少了有机碳储量，但提高了有机碳稳定性，突出了有机碳数量与抗分解能力之间的权衡。相比之下，有机质增加了活性有机碳的积累和土壤质量，但在促进长期碳固存方面效果较差。这些发现强调了施肥措施可提高土壤有机碳稳定性和土壤质量，或改善有机碳稳定性，为可可农业生态系统的可持续管理提供适当的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Challenges of continuous cropping in Rehmannia glutinosa: Mechanisms and mitigation measures 地黄连作的挑战：机制和缓解措施

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100144

Tao Gan , Zhaofeng Yuan , Williamson Gustave , Tianyu Luan , Lizhi He , Zhemin Jia , Xinyu Zhao , Shuo Wang , Yun Deng , Xiaokai Zhang , Feng He

Rehmannia glutinosa is a widely cultivated medicinal herb, which faces significant challenges due to continuous cropping obstacles (CCO). After one year of cultivating in the same field, replanting is unsuccessful for the next 8–10 years due to the accumulation of allelochemicals, deterioration of soil properties, and disruptions in soil microbial communities. These factors severely impact plant growth, quality, and overall soil health. This review examines the causes and adverse effects of CCO in R. glutinosa cultivation and evaluates various strategies to mitigate them. CCO arise from complex interactions between the plant root system, soil properties, and microbial communities. A key contributor is the accumulation of phenolic acids in the rhizosphere, which alters soil physicochemical properties and promotes the proliferation of root pathogens, including fungi and root-knot nematodes. This creates a self-reinforcing cycle of soil degradation and plant stress, exacerbating CCO. Approaches such as variety selection, optimized crop rotation patterns, and the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are discussed in the article. Additionally, soil disinfection techniques, including fumigation, organic amendments, flooding, and mulching, are reviewed for their potential to suppress pathogens and restore soil health. The role of biochar, compost, and beneficial microorganisms, applied individually or in combination, to alleviate CCO and improve soil conditions are also highlighted. This review aims to provide a theoretical framework and practical guidance for overcoming CCO in R. glutinosa cultivation, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices for this important medicinal crop.

地黄是一种广泛种植的药材，由于连作障碍（CCO），它面临着巨大的挑战。由于等位化学物质的积累、土壤性质的恶化和土壤微生物群落的破坏，在同一块地里种植一年后，接下来的 8-10 年里都无法成功移栽。这些因素严重影响了植物的生长、质量和整体土壤健康。本综述探讨了谷氨酰氨种植中 CCO 的成因和不利影响，并评估了各种缓解策略。CCO 源自植物根系、土壤特性和微生物群落之间复杂的相互作用。其中一个关键因素是根瘤菌圈中酚酸的积累，它会改变土壤理化性质，促进根部病原体（包括真菌和根结线虫）的增殖。这就形成了土壤退化和植物压力的自我强化循环，加剧了 CCO。文章讨论了品种选择、优化轮作模式和施用促进植物生长的根瘤菌等方法。此外，文章还评述了土壤消毒技术，包括熏蒸、有机添加剂、灌溉和覆盖，这些技术具有抑制病原体和恢复土壤健康的潜力。文章还强调了生物炭、堆肥和有益微生物单独或结合使用在缓解 CCO 和改善土壤条件方面的作用。本综述旨在为克服谷维素栽培中的 CCO 问题提供理论框架和实践指导，从而为这一重要药用作物的可持续农业实践做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

High Fe and Ca contents contribute to geologically-high As but bioaccessibly-low As in karstic residential soils 高铁、高钙对岩溶性居住土壤的地质高砷、生物可及性低砷有贡献

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100142

Yuanchen Zhang , Guobing Lin , Chenjing Liu , Zhongfang Yang , Lena Q. Ma

Karstic soils are often naturally-high in As contents, primarily due to the secondary enrichment during soil weathering from carbonate rocks. However, the As risk via soil exposure for residents in karst areas remains unclear. In this study, we collected 32 residential soils from rural karst area in Guangxi and measured their total As, Fe, Ca and organic C contents. To assess their health risk, we determined and compared bioaccessible As, Fe, and Ca using three in vitro assays (solubility bioaccessibility research consortium-SBRC, physiologically based extraction test-PBET, and in vitro gastrointestinal methods-IVG). The karstic soils showed high As contents at 8.09–256 mg kg⁻¹, averaging 58.2 mg kg⁻¹, but low bioaccessible As at 0.386–0.977 mg kg⁻¹, averaging 0.783 mg kg⁻¹. The As bioaccessibility was low at 1.14–3.34%, averaging 1.97%, suggesting a low health risk to humans via incidental oral ingestion. The high Fe content averaging 74.8 g kg⁻¹ may have contributed to As enrichment in karstic soils, with a positive correlation of R² = 0.623. Further, the low Fe bioaccessibility at 0.28% in the gastric phase of SBRC indicated that Fe was poorly soluble in simulated gastrointestinal solution, which may have contributed to low bioaccessible As (R² = 0.360). Besides, bioaccessible Ca and soil organic C may also play a role with R² = 0.404−0.449. This study sheds light on the high total As contents but low bioaccessible As in residential soils, indicating the low health risks via incidental oral ingestion in karst areas.

岩溶土通常具有天然的高砷含量，这主要是由于碳酸盐岩风化过程中的次生富集所致。然而，喀斯特地区居民暴露在土壤中的砷风险尚不清楚。本研究采集了广西农村喀斯特地区32块居住土壤，测定了土壤中总砷、铁、钙和有机碳的含量。为了评估他们的健康风险，我们使用三种体外测定法（溶解度生物可及性研究联盟- sbrc，生理提取试验- pbet和体外胃肠法- ivg）测定并比较了生物可及性As， Fe和Ca。岩溶土As含量高，为8.09 ~ 256 mg kg - 1，平均为58.2 mg kg - 1，生物可达性低，为0.386 ~ 0.977 mg kg - 1，平均为0.783 mg kg - 1。砷的生物可及性较低，为1.14 ~ 3.34%，平均为1.97%，表明偶然经口摄入对人体健康的风险较低。高铁含量（平均74.8 g kg−1）可能与岩溶土As富集有关，R2 = 0.623为正相关。此外，SBRC胃期铁的低生物可及性为0.28%，表明铁在模拟胃肠道溶液中的难溶性，这可能是导致砷生物可及性低的原因（R2 = 0.360）。此外，生物可达性Ca和土壤有机C也可能起作用，R2 = 0.404 ~ 0.449。该研究揭示了喀斯特地区居民土壤中总砷含量高而生物可及性砷含量低的现象，表明喀斯特地区偶然口腔摄入的健康风险较低。

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引用次数: 0

Systematic evaluation of soil-based zeolite materials for the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated water bodies 土壤基沸石材料修复金属（样）污染水体的系统评价

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100143

Zheting Chu , Huan Tang , Jiaxin Liang , Jing Li, Dazhong Yang, Ranhao Wang, Hong Chen

The synthesis of a diverse framework structure of zeolite materials using abundant natural soils as raw materials showcases the implementation of green chemistry principles and their feasibility for environmental engineering. However, no systematic evaluation of the soil-based zeolite materials for the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated water bodies has been conducted. Herein, using the widely spread Chinese red soil and loess as raw materials, we have successfully synthesized eight zeolite materials and established a novel soil-based zeolite library. All eight zeolite types had different adsorption capacity for 10 metal(loid) ions, including As(III), As(V), Cd, Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The selectivity regarding different metal(loid) ions of zeolites was influenced by their framework structures, pH, speciation, and concentration of coexisting ions. A mechanism study revealed that ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, and chemical precipitation synergistically contribute to the interactions between soil-based zeolite materials and metal(loid)s. This work demonstrated the construction of a soil-based zeolite library from natural soils in line with green chemistry principles. Systematic metal(loid) adsorption data for diverse water bodies were presented, including deionized, tap, sea and river water. The information is important for future engineering application of soil-based zeolites in metal(loid)-contaminated water or soil remediation.

以丰富的天然土壤为原料，合成了多种框架结构的沸石材料，展示了绿色化学原理的实施及其在环境工程中的可行性。然而，目前还没有对土壤基沸石材料修复金属（样）污染水体的效果进行系统评价。本文以广泛分布的中国红壤和黄土为原料，成功合成了8种沸石材料，建立了新型的土基沸石文库。8种沸石对As（III）、As(V)、Cd、Cr（III）、Cr（VI）、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn等10种金属（类）离子均有不同的吸附能力。分子筛对不同金属（样离子）的选择性受其骨架结构、pH、形态和共存离子浓度的影响。机理研究表明，离子交换、静电吸引和化学沉淀协同促进了土壤基沸石材料与金属（样物质）的相互作用。本工作展示了从天然土壤中构建符合绿色化学原理的土壤基沸石文库。系统地介绍了不同水体的金属吸附数据，包括去离子水、自来水、海水和河水。研究结果对土壤基沸石在金属污染水体或土壤修复中的工程应用具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

The biomineralization process of Ochrobactrum EEELCW01 and its implication for arsenic immobilization Ochrobactrum EEELCW01的生物矿化过程及其对砷固定化的意义

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100141

Yayuan Huang , Yuxuan Luo , Chuan Wu , Waichin Li , Hongren Chen , Yahui Wu , Shengguo Xue

Some bacterial strains have mineralization functions and can effectively reduce the bioavailability of toxic metal(loid) arsenic (As) in soils, but the potential mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the nitrate-dependent Fe-oxidizing bacterium Ochrobactrum EEELCW01 was used to study the biomineralization process and its extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In the biomineralization mediated by Ochrobactrum EEELCW01, the products are mainly amorphous Fe oxides and smaller amounts of poorly crystalline goethite. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images confirmed the presence of large amounts of EPS in the bacterial treatments. In the Fe-oxidizing bacteria-EPS-mineral aggregates, exopolysaccharide, Fe(III) and minerals showed a high degree of colocalization. During biomineralization, minerals undergo dissolution-recrystallization cycles, with goethite and siderite as the final stable compounds. Moreover, within 30 days, Ochrobactrum EEELCW01 reduced the soil available As concentration significantly. Our results enhance the mechanistic understanding of the biomineralization and related As immobilization processes mediated by Ochrobactrum EEELCW01, with potential application to the remediation of As-polluted soils.

一些细菌菌株具有矿化功能，可以有效降低土壤中有毒金属（类）砷（As）的生物利用度，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，利用硝酸盐依赖的铁氧化细菌Ochrobactrum EEELCW01研究了生物矿化过程及其细胞外聚合物（EPS）。在Ochrobactrum EEELCW01介导的生物矿化过程中，产物主要是无定形的铁氧化物和少量的低结晶针铁矿。共聚焦激光扫描显微镜图像证实在细菌处理中存在大量EPS。在铁氧化菌- eps -矿物团聚体中，胞外多糖、铁（III）和矿物表现出高度的共定位。在生物矿化过程中，矿物经历溶解-再结晶循环，针铁矿和菱铁矿是最终的稳定化合物。此外，ochrobacum EEELCW01在30 d内显著降低了土壤有效态砷浓度。我们的研究结果增强了对Ochrobactrum EEELCW01介导的生物矿化和相关砷固定化过程的机制理解，具有潜在的应用于砷污染土壤的修复。

{"title":"The biomineralization process of Ochrobactrum EEELCW01 and its implication for arsenic immobilization","authors":"Yayuan Huang , Yuxuan Luo , Chuan Wu , Waichin Li , Hongren Chen , Yahui Wu , Shengguo Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seh.2025.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some bacterial strains have mineralization functions and can effectively reduce the bioavailability of toxic metal(loid) arsenic (As) in soils, but the potential mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the nitrate-dependent Fe-oxidizing bacterium <em>Ochrobactrum</em> EEELCW01 was used to study the biomineralization process and its extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In the biomineralization mediated by <em>Ochrobactrum</em> EEELCW01, the products are mainly amorphous Fe oxides and smaller amounts of poorly crystalline goethite. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images confirmed the presence of large amounts of EPS in the bacterial treatments. In the Fe-oxidizing bacteria-EPS-mineral aggregates, exopolysaccharide, Fe(III) and minerals showed a high degree of colocalization. During biomineralization, minerals undergo dissolution-recrystallization cycles, with goethite and siderite as the final stable compounds. Moreover, within 30 days, <em>Ochrobactrum</em> EEELCW01 reduced the soil available As concentration significantly. Our results enhance the mechanistic understanding of the biomineralization and related As immobilization processes mediated by <em>Ochrobactrum</em> EEELCW01, with potential application to the remediation of As-polluted soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and characterization of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plants growing under organic and conventional farming conditions in Oman 阿曼有机和常规耕作条件下植物中原生丛枝菌根真菌的鉴定和表征

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100140

Ali Al-Hinai , Rhonda Janke , Ewald Sieverding , Muhammad Farooq , Daniel Menezes-Blackburn

Although arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread in both natural and agricultural environments, their biodiversity and community structure are not well understood. This is particularly true for the influences of different farming practices on their taxonomic distribution. This study aimed to investigate the influence of organic and conventional farming on AMF diversity in the rhizosphere soils of three crops includng mango, citrus and cucumber from Oman. Spore morphological analysis and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing were used to identify AMF species diversity. Spore morphological analysis revealed a total of 9 families, 20 genera, and 36 species, and in general, organic farming samples showed higher diversity than conventional farming samples. The ITS sequencing analysis showed the presence of 6 families and 12 genera, with organic farming samples being significantly more diverse than conventional farming samples based on the number of taxa and Shannon H index. Both spore morphology and ITS sequencing data showed that the families Diversisporaceae and Glomeraceae were the most abundant among all the treatments. Compared to their respective conventional soils, the mean percent mycorrhizal inoculum potential was significantly higher for the organic soils under cucumber, with the root colonization being also higher for organic soils under citrus. A quick colonizer trap culture method was used to determine which AMF species colonized and established in the roots after 14 days. AMF species including Rhizoglomus intraradices and Septoglomus viscosum quickly infected cucumber, and could potentially be used as biofertilizer inocula. The results help to understand the AMF diversity across different farming systems in semiarid and arid regions, as well as to promote and develop sustainable agriculture in these regions.

丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）广泛存在于自然和农业环境中，但其生物多样性和群落结构尚不清楚。不同的耕作方式对其分类分布的影响尤其如此。本研究旨在探讨有机耕作和常规耕作对阿曼芒果、柑橘和黄瓜三种作物根际土壤AMF多样性的影响。利用孢子形态分析和内部转录间隔序列（ITS）测序鉴定AMF物种多样性。孢子形态分析结果显示，有机耕作样品的孢子多样性高于常规耕作样品，共有9科20属36种。ITS测序结果显示，有机农业样品存在6科12属，分类群数量和Shannon H指数均显著高于常规农业样品。孢子形态和ITS测序结果均表明，各处理中多样性孢科（diversporaceae）和肾小球科（Glomeraceae）最丰富。与常规土壤相比，黄瓜有机土壤菌根接种势的平均百分比显著高于常规土壤，柑橘有机土壤的根定殖也高于常规土壤。采用快速定植陷阱培养法测定14天后哪些AMF种在根中定植和建立。黄瓜根茎真菌和粘隔球囊真菌侵染黄瓜的速度快，具有作为生物肥料接种剂的潜力。研究结果有助于了解半干旱和干旱地区不同耕作制度下的AMF多样性，以及促进和发展这些地区的可持续农业。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into different microwave-activated persulfate systems for chlorpyrifos degradation in soil: Impacts of soil properties, toxicity, and energy consumption 不同微波激活过硫酸盐系统对毒死蜱在土壤中降解的影响：土壤性质、毒性和能量消耗的影响

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100139

Xiao Shang , Li Gao , Zheng Sun , Zhenming Liang , Xitao Liu , Chunye Lin , Mengchang He , Wei Ouyang

Different microwave-activated persulfate (MP) systems exhibit considerable degradation efficiency towards chlorpyrifos in soil, a typical organophosphorus pesticide. However, only considering degradation efficiency cannot fully verify the effectiveness of MP systems in remediating chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil. Multiple evaluations, including soil characterization, toxicity assessment, and energy consumption estimation, were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of MP technologies. While the differences in soil morphology and structure were relatively small, soil dissolved organic matter varied with different MP treatments. Compared with parent compounds, the predicted toxicity of the degradation products was reduced. The acute toxicity and phytotoxicity of the solid phase reduced after the MP treatments, with the germination rate, and stem and root lengths of tall fescue being increased. However, the toxicity of residual oxidants in the liquid phase cannot be ignored, reducing ∼35% germination rate in ryegrass seed and luminescence intensity in bacteria. A constant microwave temperature was beneficial for degrading lower concentrations of chlorpyrifos, whereas constant microwave power was beneficial for degrading higher concentrations of chlorpyrifos. In short, the MP technology may be suitable for remediating chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil, and a comprehensive evaluation provides a theoretical basis for its practical application in soil remediation.

不同的微波活化过硫酸盐（MP）系统对土壤中典型的有机磷农药毒死蜱具有相当的降解效率。然而，仅考虑降解效率并不能充分验证MP系统修复毒死蜱污染土壤的有效性。通过多种评价，包括土壤特征、毒性评价和能源消耗评估，对MP技术的有效性进行了调查。土壤形态和结构差异相对较小，但土壤溶解有机质在不同MP处理下存在差异。与母体化合物相比，降解产物的预测毒性降低。MP处理后，高羊茅的急性毒性和固相毒性降低，发芽率增加，茎长和根长增加。然而，液相中残留的氧化剂的毒性不可忽视，使黑麦草种子的发芽率和细菌的发光强度降低~ 35%。恒定的微波温度有利于低浓度毒死蜱的降解，恒定的微波功率有利于高浓度毒死蜱的降解。综上所述，MP技术可能适用于毒死蜱污染土壤的修复，综合评价为其在土壤修复中的实际应用提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Germanium in the environment: Current knowledge and gap identification 环境中的锗：现有知识和差距识别

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100132

Montserrat Filella , Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Murillo

Trace element germanium (Ge) plays a key role in some modern technologies including fibre optics, infrared optics, and semiconductors, but remains under-researched in environmental contexts. Naturally occurring in low concentrations, Ge behaves similarly to Si and is often found in mineral particles rather than in dissolved form in soils and freshwaters. Its distribution in the environment is largely driven by weathering processes, where it replaces Si in silicate minerals, making it a valuable indicator of weathering intensity through Ge/Si ratios. In oceans, estuaries and lakes, Ge follows the Si cycle, especially in diatom-dominated systems. However, the emphasis on Ge/Si ratios has somewhat overshadowed direct studies on its independent geochemical cycling, mobility and potential ecological impacts. This has left gaps in understanding the unique aspects of Ge's behaviours in natural and polluted systems, both at the level of understanding laboratory-scale interactions (e.g., binding by natural organic matter, and iron oxyhydroxides) and data collection in environmental compartments (e.g., lack of data on methylated species). The measurement of Ge in the environment is technically challenging due to its low concentrations and the complexity of its chemical forms, which partially explains the lack of data and/or their poor quality. This review is the first comprehensive effort to compile the published data, assessing their reliability and identifying the main processes and gaps in our knowledge. The collected data on environmental compartments are provided ready for use, which will facilitate the completion of the collection and integration of new data.

微量元素锗（Ge）在光纤、红外光学和半导体等现代技术中发挥着关键作用，但在环境背景下的研究仍然不足。锗以低浓度自然存在，其行为与硅相似，通常以矿物颗粒的形式存在，而不是以溶解形式存在于土壤和淡水中。它在环境中的分布很大程度上受风化过程的驱动，在风化过程中，它取代了硅酸盐矿物中的硅，使其通过Ge/Si比成为风化强度的有价值的指标。在海洋、河口和湖泊中，Ge遵循Si循环，特别是在硅藻为主的系统中。然而，对Ge/Si比值的重视在一定程度上掩盖了对其独立地球化学循环、流动性和潜在生态影响的直接研究。这在理解自然和污染系统中Ge行为的独特方面留下了空白，无论是在理解实验室规模的相互作用（例如，天然有机物和氧化铁的结合）的水平上，还是在环境隔间的数据收集（例如，缺乏甲基化物种的数据）。由于其浓度低且化学形式复杂，测量环境中的锗在技术上具有挑战性，这部分解释了缺乏数据和/或数据质量差的原因。这篇综述是第一次对已发表的数据进行综合整理，评估它们的可靠性，并确定我们知识中的主要过程和差距。收集到的关于环境隔间的数据已准备好供使用，这将有助于完成新数据的收集和整合工作。

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引用次数: 0

Risk assessment based on Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, Pb, and Sc contents in soils and blood Pb levels in children: Seasonable variations and Monte Carlo simulations 基于土壤中Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ba、Pb和Sc含量和儿童血铅水平的风险评估：季节性变化和蒙特卡罗模拟

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100131

He Shen , Xiaoping Li , Jie Dong , Xueming Zheng , Yueheng Jiang , Pengyuan Jin , Xuelian Kui , Huimin Liu , Xu Zhang , Xiangyang Yan

Potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in soil pose threats and hazards to human health. Their seasonal variations were observed and thus their risks. However, limited research was conducted based on the seasonal variations of soil PTMs and children's blood lead levels (BLLs). In this study, seasonable variations of PTM risks (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, and Pb) and 0–6 years old children's BLLs were investigated based on 534 Xi'an seasonable soils (spring, summer and winter) and Monte Carlo simulations. The results indicate that the distributions of PTMs and risks depended on seasonas. The highest Mn, Cr, Cu, and Pb contents appeared in the winter, which were 785, 148, 146, and 134 mg/kg, respectively. Pollution load index ranged 1.14–1.15, while ecological risk index was 30.6–30.9. Further, non-carcinogenic risk for Pb was 2.27–2.36 × 10⁻², Zn was 8.10–8.73 × 10⁻⁴ and Cu was 1.89–1.94 × 10⁻². PTM contamination was slightly higher in the winter compared to spring and summer. Although PTMs posed mild pollution and acceptable risk, seasonal variations affected children's BLLs, particularly in the winter. The Zn, Cu, and Pb from automobile emissions were identified as the most significant source and priority contaminants in Xi'an, with blood Pb levels being slightly higher in winter at 3.24–3.39 μg/dL. This study highlights the importance of developing targeted strategies to mitigate Pb risks in urban areas, particularly addressing seasonal variations, to reduce children's BLLs effectively.

土壤中的潜在有毒金属对人类健康构成威胁和危害。观察到它们的季节变化，从而观察到它们的风险。然而，基于土壤ptm和儿童血铅水平（bll）的季节变化进行的研究有限。本研究基于西安534个季节土壤（春、夏、冬）和蒙特卡罗模拟，研究了PTM风险（Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ba、Pb）和0 ~ 6岁儿童bll的季节变化规律。结果表明，ptm和风险的分布与季节有关。冬季Mn、Cr、Cu和Pb含量最高，分别为785、148、146和134 mg/kg。污染负荷指数为1.14 ~ 1.15，生态风险指数为30.6 ~ 30.9。此外，Pb的非致癌风险为2.27 ~ 2.36 × 10−2，Zn为8.10 ~ 8.73 × 10−4，Cu为1.89 ~ 1.94 × 10−2。PTM污染在冬季略高于春季和夏季。虽然ptm造成轻度污染和可接受的风险，但季节变化会影响儿童的bll，特别是在冬季。汽车排放的Zn、Cu和Pb是西安市最重要的污染源和优先污染物，冬季血铅水平略高，为3.24 ~ 3.39 μg/dL。本研究强调了制定有针对性的战略以减轻城市地区铅风险的重要性，特别是应对季节性变化，以有效减少儿童的有害铅。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing the quality and reputation of Soil & Environmental Health journal: 2025 updates 提高土壤与环境健康杂志的质量和声誉：2025年更新

Soil & Environmental Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.seh.2025.100128

Lena Q. Ma , Kashif Hayat , Maria Manzoor , Jing Wang , Eakalak Khan , Mary Beth Kirkham

引用次数: 0