Cancer reports最新文献_第10页

Surgical Management of Ovarian Masses in Children: A Comparative Analysis by Pediatric Surgeons and Gynecologists at Two Academic Hospitals in Johannesburg 儿童卵巢肿块的外科治疗：约翰内斯堡两所学术医院儿科外科医生和妇科医生的比较分析。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70396

Nkhensani C. Mashaba, Langanani Mbodi, Ellen M. Mapunda, Tanvier Omar, Derek S. Harrison

Background and Objectives

Existing literature on ovarian masses necessitating intervention in children by pediatric surgeons and gynecologists in Low- and Middle-Income Countries is sparse and lacks collaborative standardization in management between the two subspecialties. Therefore, this study seeks to assess the range of ovarian masses presenting to these two specialties and to explore variations in management.

Methods

A 15-year retrospective review of surgically biopsied or excised ovarian masses between subspecialties at two academic hospitals in Johannesburg.

Results

We identified 288 patients, six with bilateral disease and 294 ovarian masses. The mean age was 13.34 years (SD ±5.12). The most common presentation was abdominal pain in 149/288 (51.74%); 117 patients (40.62%) were from pediatric surgery and 171 (59.38%) from gynecology departments. There were 127/288 (44.09%) non-neoplastic and 161/288 (55.90%) neoplastic lesions, of which 110/161 (68.33%) were benign and 51/161 (31.67%) malignant. The neoplastic lesions consisted of 107/161 (66.45%) germ cells, 28/161 (17.39%) surface epithelial tumors, and 26/161 (16.14%) sex cord-stromal tumors. Ovarian-sparing surgery was done in 56/288 (19.44%) patients, 22/117 (18.80%) in pediatric surgery, and 34/171 (19.88%) in gynecology. Laparoscopy was done in 57/288 (19.79%) patients, 24/117 (20.51%) in pediatric surgery, and 19/171 (19.29%) in gynecology. The survival rate in benign masses was 100%, and 86.28% in malignancies.

Conclusion

This study highlights the diverse spectrum of ovarian masses managed by pediatric surgeons and gynecologists. A laparoscopic approach combined with ovarian preservation, which was comparable between specialties, should be the preferred method for managing benign lesions whenever feasible. These findings underscore the need for standardized, collaborative guidelines between pediatric surgeons and gynecologists to ensure consistent and optimal management of ovarian masses in children.

背景和目的：关于中低收入国家儿童外科医生和妇科医生需要干预的卵巢肿块的现有文献很少，并且缺乏两个亚专科之间管理的协作标准化。因此，本研究旨在评估卵巢肿块呈现这两个专业的范围，并探讨管理的变化。方法：对约翰内斯堡两所专科医院外科活检或切除卵巢肿块的15年回顾性分析。结果：288例患者中6例双侧病变，294例卵巢肿块。平均年龄13.34岁（SD±5.12）。最常见的表现是腹痛（149/288）（51.74%）；儿科117例（40.62%），妇科171例（59.38%）。非肿瘤性病变127/288例（44.09%），肿瘤性病变161/288例（55.90%），其中良性110/161例（68.33%），恶性51/161例（31.67%）。其中生殖细胞肿瘤107/161(66.45%)，表面上皮肿瘤28/161(17.39%)，性索间质肿瘤26/161（16.14%）。保留卵巢手术56/288例（19.44%），小儿外科22/117例（18.80%），妇科34/171例（19.88%）。其中，57/288例（19.79%）、24/117例（20.51%）儿科、19/171例（19.29%）妇科患者行腹腔镜检查。良性肿块成活率为100%，恶性肿块成活率为86.28%。结论：本研究强调了儿科外科医生和妇科医生处理卵巢肿块的多样性。腹腔镜下的方法结合卵巢保存，这是可比较的专科，应该是首选的方法来管理良性病变只要可行。这些发现强调了儿科外科医生和妇科医生之间需要标准化的协作指南，以确保儿童卵巢肿块的一致和最佳管理。

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引用次数: 0

Diagnostic Accuracy of Procalcitonin in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Cancer Patients Hospitalized for Infection 降钙素原在肿瘤感染住院患者败血症诊断中的准确性。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70384

Veronica Salvatore, Antonella Viola, Alessandra Spezzano, Alessandra Aquilino, Lorenzo Barili, Mariapia Caprino, Maria Floresta, Giulia Momoli, Alessandra Romiti, Giulia Scurria, Martina Sirna, Alexandro Paccapelo, Margherita Nannini, Andrea Ardizzoni, Fabrizio Giostra

Objectives

Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening, dysfunctional body-response to infection. Procalcitonin (PCT) is considered a marker of sepsis due to bacterial infections and it has been extensively used as a guide to antimicrobial management in the general population. The clinical role of PCT in cancer patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) for infection is still little researched.

Methods

A prospective observational study enrolling all adult patients hospitalized for infection referred to the ED of IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna between February 1st, 2023 and July 31st, 2023 was conducted. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the accuracy of PCT in the diagnosis of sepsis (defined according to the latest guidelines) in patients with cancer in comparison to non-cancer patients.

Results

1041 out of 1125 eligible patients were enrolled (559 males and 482 females), out of whom 289 (27.8%) had active cancer. PCT levels differed between cancer and non-cancer patients (1 ng/mL with IQR 5.85 vs. 0.6 ng/mL with IQR 2.7; p < 0.001). The AUROC of PCT for the diagnosis of sepsis in the entire enrolled population was 0.717 (95% CI 0.683–0.745), whereas it was 0.655 (95% CI 0.592–0.718) in cancer patients and 0.743 (95% CI 0.708–0.778) in non-cancer patients (p = 0.016). A PCT cut-off of 0.5 ng/mL (PCT ≥ 0.5 ng/mL) confirmed its accuracy for predicting sepsis in non-cancer patients (sensitivity 71.5%, specificity 64.1%) but the specificity fell to 44.7% in cancer patients, although sensitivity remained good (sensitivity 78.9%). Conversely, a higher PCT cut-off of 1 ng/mL, as the most accurate threshold identified in the present study in the cancer population, showed a sensitivity of 66.9% and specificity of 61.2% in predicting sepsis in cancer patients.

Conclusion

Our study confirms the clinical role of PCT as a part of the diagnostic algorithm for sepsis but its diagnostic role is sub optimal in cancer patients.

目的：脓毒症被定义为一种危及生命的、功能失调的身体对感染的反应。降钙素原（PCT）被认为是由于细菌感染引起的败血症的标志物，它已被广泛用作一般人群抗菌管理的指南。PCT在急诊科（ED）因感染而入院的癌症患者中的临床作用研究仍然很少。方法：采用前瞻性观察研究，纳入2023年2月1日至2023年7月31日在意大利博洛尼亚大学附属意大利临床医学研究中心（IRCCS）急诊科转诊的所有因感染住院的成年患者。主要终点是评估PCT在癌症患者和非癌症患者中诊断脓毒症（根据最新指南定义）的准确性。结果：1125例符合条件的患者中有1041例（男性559例，女性482例），其中289例（27.8%）为活动性癌症。肿瘤患者和非肿瘤患者的PCT水平存在差异（1 ng/mL， IQR为5.85;0.6 ng/mL， IQR为2.7）。结论：我们的研究证实了PCT作为脓毒症诊断算法的一部分的临床作用，但其在癌症患者中的诊断作用并不理想。

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引用次数: 0

TGFβ1 and SMAD3 Expression Are Associated With Survival After the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer tgf - β1和SMAD3表达与小细胞肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂治疗后的生存相关

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70394

Zenta Seto, Minehiko Inomata, Akira Noguchi, Tomonobu Kado, Nozomu Murayama, Naoki Takata, Kotaro Tokui, Seisuke Okazawa, Shingo Imanishi, Tosihiro Miwa, Ryuji Hayashi, Kenichi Hirabayashi, Kazuyuki Tobe

Background

Tumor immunity is involved in the progression of malignant tumors. However, there are few reports on the relationship between the immunological environment and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We analyzed the relationship between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and protein expression and survival in patients with SCLC treated with combined therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy.

Methods

Patients with SCLC who received combined therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy between 2019 and 2023 were enrolled. Immune cell infiltration levels, including CD4, CD8, FOXP3, CD163-positive cells and expression levels of TGFβ1 and SMAD3 proteins in tumor tissue were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated as endpoints.

Results

Data from 22 patients were analyzed. The high CD4-positive T lymphocyte (p = 0.008, log-rank test) and the high CD8-positive T lymphocyte infiltration group (p = 0.031, log-rank test) showed statistically significantly longer OS than the low infiltration group. On the other hand, the low TGFβ1 expression group showed significantly longer PFS (p = 0.026, log-rank test) and the low SMAD3 expression group showed significantly longer OS (p = 0.042, log-rank test) than the high expression group.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it is suggested that infiltration of T lymphocytes and expression of TGFβ1 and SMAD3 may be related to the efficacy of the combined therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in patients with SCLC.

背景：肿瘤免疫参与恶性肿瘤的发展。然而，关于免疫检查点抑制剂在小细胞肺癌（SCLC）治疗中免疫环境与疗效之间关系的报道很少。我们分析了免疫检查点抑制剂加化疗联合治疗的SCLC患者肿瘤浸润免疫细胞与蛋白质表达和生存的关系。方法：纳入2019年至2023年期间接受免疫检查点抑制剂联合化疗的SCLC患者。免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织中CD4、CD8、FOXP3、cd163阳性细胞浸润水平及tgf - β1、SMAD3蛋白表达水平。无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）作为终点进行评估。结果：分析了22例患者的资料。cd8高阳性T淋巴细胞组（p = 0.008， log-rank检验）和cd8高阳性T淋巴细胞浸润组（p = 0.031， log-rank检验）的OS均明显长于低浸润组。另一方面，tgf - β1低表达组的PFS显著长于高表达组（p = 0.026， log-rank检验），SMAD3低表达组的OS显著长于高表达组（p = 0.042， log-rank检验）。结论：综上所述，提示T淋巴细胞浸润及tgf - β1、SMAD3的表达可能与免疫检查点抑制剂联合化疗治疗SCLC患者的疗效有关。

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引用次数: 0

Internet-Based Interventions in Quality of Life Assessments Among Women Living With Breast Cancer: A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Approach 基于互联网的乳腺癌妇女生活质量评估干预：系统和荟萃分析方法

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70358

Elsa Vitale, Kurvatteppa Halemani, Asha Shetty, Annarita Fanizzi, Samantha Bove, Maria Colomba Comes, Raffaella Massafra

Introduction

Internet-based interventions have become a necessity in providing care. To assess quality-of-life perceptions among women living with breast cancer (BC) receiving any type of internet-based treatments.

Methods

The present systematic review and meta-analysis were registered in PROSPERO with the ID no. CRD42024498834. All internet-based interventional studies among women living with BC assessing their quality of life perceptions before and after the intervention or between the usual and the intervention group were included. We consulted the British Nursing Database, CINHAL, Embase, Medline, Nursing & Allied Database, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Quality of life perceptions were assessed thanks to the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT-B) and the EORTC-QLQ-core Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30).

Results

The heterogeneity test findings of the eight studies exploring the FACT-B suggested that there was a significant heterogeneity among the selected studies (I² = 68%, p = 0.002). The FACT-B mean score among women living with BC was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.08–0.53). The heterogeneity test among the four studies exploring the EORTC-QLQ-C30 score revealed that there was a significant heterogeneity among the selected studies (I² = 74%, p = 0.009). The EORTC-QLQ-C30 mean score was 0.24 (95% CI: −0.11 to 0.58).

Conclusion

Internet-based interventions could ameliorate quality of life perceptions since most of the enrolled participants revealed as complicated the home community management allowing regular participation.

基于互联网的干预措施已成为提供护理的必要条件。评估接受网络治疗的乳腺癌（BC）女性患者的生活质量。方法本系统评价和荟萃分析在PROSPERO注册，ID号为。CRD42024498834。所有在BC患者中进行的基于互联网的干预研究，评估了她们在干预前后或在常规组和干预组之间的生活质量感知。我们查阅了英国护理数据库、CINHAL、Embase、Medline、护理联合数据库、PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库。通过乳腺癌治疗功能评估（FACT-B）和eortc - qlq核心问卷（EORTC-QLQ-C30）评估生活质量感知。结果8项探讨FACT-B的研究的异质性检验结果表明，所选研究之间存在显著的异质性（I2 = 68%, p = 0.002）。BC患者的FACT-B平均评分为0.31 （95% CI: 0.08-0.53）。四项EORTC-QLQ-C30评分研究的异质性检验显示，所选研究之间存在显著的异质性（I2 = 74%, p = 0.009）。EORTC-QLQ-C30平均评分为0.24 （95% CI: - 0.11 ~ 0.58）。结论基于网络的干预可以改善生活质量感知，因为大多数参与者反映家庭社区管理复杂，允许定期参与。

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引用次数: 0

Mouse Models of Osteosarcoma: Unraveling Disease Mechanisms and Accelerating Drug Discovery and Development 骨肉瘤的小鼠模型：揭示疾病机制和加速药物发现和开发

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70390

Staci L. Haney, Sarah A. Holstein

Background

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone malignancy, affecting mainly children, adolescents, and young adults. For the past 40 years, improvements in the survival of patients with osteosarcoma have been minimal, primarily as a consequence of the lack of systemic therapy options beyond traditional cytotoxic agents. In particular, management of metastatic and recurrent disease continues to be a significant clinical challenge.

Recent Findings

Mouse models of osteosarcoma serve as a valuable tool to study disease biology, metastasis, and response to novel treatments. In recent years, mouse models have been employed to evaluate the efficacy of several innovative drugs, including nanoparticle formulations that can target drug delivery to osteosarcoma tumor cells and diminish off-target effects. In addition, significant preclinical advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunotherapies for osteosarcoma have been made with the aid of mouse models.

Conclusion

This review provides insight into the advantages and shortcomings of the numerous osteosarcoma mouse models described in the literature, including transgenic, orthotopic, and heterotopic models as well as patient-derived xenografts. We highlight how these models are currently being used to support preclinical studies focused on the development of novel therapies.

骨肉瘤是最常见的原发性骨恶性肿瘤，主要影响儿童、青少年和年轻人。在过去的40年里，骨肉瘤患者生存率的改善一直很小，主要是因为除了传统的细胞毒性药物之外缺乏全身治疗选择。特别是，转移性和复发性疾病的管理仍然是一个重大的临床挑战。骨肉瘤的小鼠模型是研究疾病生物学、转移和对新疗法反应的有价值的工具。近年来，小鼠模型被用来评估几种创新药物的疗效，包括纳米颗粒制剂，它可以靶向给药到骨肉瘤肿瘤细胞并减少脱靶效应。此外，在小鼠模型的帮助下，免疫检查点抑制剂和骨肉瘤免疫疗法的临床前研究取得了重大进展。本文综述了文献中描述的多种骨肉瘤小鼠模型的优点和缺点，包括转基因、原位、异位模型以及患者来源的异种移植。我们强调了这些模型目前如何被用于支持临床前研究，重点是开发新的治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Acceptance in Patients With Cancer: A Scoping Review 癌症患者的接受度：一项范围综述。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70324

Joost Dekker, Chris Welling, Mariette Labots

Background

Cancer is generally perceived as a major stressor. Occasionally, patients are able to accept their diagnosis and prognosis, and it is not uncommon for patients who initially experience great distress to eventually learn to accept their disease. A deeper understanding of acceptance can enable clinicians to better support patients in achieving a more peaceful state of mind. The purpose of this literature review was to provide a comprehensive overview of existing research on acceptance in patients with cancer.

Recent Findings

Study selection resulted in the inclusion of 54 studies. All studies except one were published after the year 2000. Acceptance was defined in terms of cognition, emotion, behavior, spiritual processes, social processes, or other terms. Acceptance focused on disease, illness, cancer, poor prognosis/imminent death, or was not specified, and was measured by interview or questionnaire. Evidence was found for a range of factors associated with acceptance.

Conclusions

Acceptance is a relatively new field of research, characterized by significant heterogeneity in both its definition and focus, as well as the hypothesized determinants and outcomes. To advance this field, it is essential to develop a generally accepted definition of acceptance and to consistently specify its focus. The present scoping review provides a solid foundation for this endeavor.

背景：癌症通常被认为是一个主要的压力源。偶尔，患者能够接受他们的诊断和预后，并且对于最初经历巨大痛苦的患者最终学会接受他们的疾病并不罕见。对接受的更深入的理解可以使临床医生更好地支持患者实现更平静的心态。本文献综述的目的是对现有的癌症患者接受性研究提供一个全面的概述。最近的发现：研究选择结果包括54项研究。除了一项研究外，所有的研究都是在2000年之后发表的。接受被定义为认知、情感、行为、精神过程、社会过程或其他术语。接受度集中在疾病、疾病、癌症、预后不良/即将死亡或未指定，并通过访谈或问卷调查进行测量。研究发现了一系列与接受度相关的因素。结论：接受是一个相对较新的研究领域，其特点是其定义和重点，以及假设的决定因素和结果都具有显著的异质性。为了推动这一领域的发展，必须制定一个普遍接受的接受定义，并始终如一地指定其重点。目前的范围审查为这一努力提供了坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Intradural Extramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis of Breast Cancer in a Male: A Case Report 男性乳腺癌硬膜内髓外脊髓转移1例。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70382

Hadi Mohammed Abdullah, Naa Adzoa Adzeley Boi-Dsane, George Wepeba, Thomas Dakurah

Introduction

Breast cancer in males is rare, accounting for just 0.5% to 1% according to World Health Organization data. This is the first reported case of IESCM from breast cancer in an African male, which makes it noteworthy. Furthermore, unlike previously reported cases in females, this case involved L1–L2 metastasis with sphincter dysfunction and a subsequent relapse leading to mortality, thereby expanding the documented spectrum of IESCM presentations and outcomes.

Case Presentation

This is a case of a 77-year-old male with invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast and intradural extramedullary spinal cord metastasis diagnosed via Magnetic Resonance Imaging after presenting with neurological symptoms 4 years post-mastectomy. He eventually passed away following a right Deep Venous Thrombosis, which led to bilateral pulmonary embolism after his second relapse.

Conclusion

Late presentation most likely contributed to the worsening of symptoms and poor prognosis. This report overstates the importance of prompt access to healthcare and the essence of thorough investigations, especially in breast cancer, where neurological symptoms may point to a metastatic diagnosis.

导读：根据世界卫生组织的数据，男性乳腺癌很少见，仅占0.5%至1%。这是非洲男性乳腺癌引起IESCM的首例报道，值得注意。此外，与先前报道的女性病例不同，该病例涉及L1-L2转移伴括约肌功能障碍，随后复发导致死亡，从而扩大了IESCM的表现和结果。病例介绍：这是一个77岁男性左乳浸润性导管癌及硬膜内髓外脊髓转移的病例，在乳房切除术后4年出现神经系统症状，经磁共振诊断。他最终在右深静脉血栓形成后去世，在他第二次复发后导致双侧肺栓塞。结论：迟发是导致症状加重和预后不良的主要原因。该报告夸大了及时获得医疗保健的重要性和彻底调查的本质，特别是在乳腺癌中，神经系统症状可能指向转移诊断。

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引用次数: 0

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70372

Yanlin Tan, Jinxiu Zhang, Ruoxi Cheng, Wenfang Yang, Xiaoping Pan, Kaoyan Feng, Mengbin Qin, Jie'an Huang

Background

Ferroptosis and cuprotosis, two distinct mechanisms of programmed cell death, play key roles in colon cancer development. This study aimed to construct a prognostic model for predicting colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) prognosis based on the differential expression of cuproptosis-related ferroptosis genes (CFRGs).

Methods and Results

Transcriptomic data and clinical data of COAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. A combination of methods, including analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, and Cox regression was used to construct the CFRGs signatures. In addition, multiple algorithmic strategies were employed to explore the potential association between risk scores and immune infiltration features. Single-cell datasets were used to analyze model genes. Somatic mutations and drug sensitivities were compared across risk groups. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to verify the expression of the main characterized genes. We identified eight pivotal genes in constructing the CFRGs signature. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed differential expression of CFRGs in the COAD tumor microenvironment. The nomogram confirmed that risk scoring serves as an independent prognostic factor for COAD. The high-risk group exhibited higher immune cell and stromal cell infiltration, as well as immune checkpoint expression. Patients in the high-risk group may benefit from olanzapine administration. Both RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry have confirmed that the expression levels of GLS and YAP1 in COAD tissues are significantly higher than those in adjacent non-cancerous tissues.

Conclusions

The CFRGs risk prognosis model can effectively predict patients' immune infiltration and immunotherapy response, providing a new reference basis for individualized treatment plans for COAD patients.

背景：铁下垂和铜坏死是两种不同的程序性细胞死亡机制，在结肠癌的发展中起着关键作用。本研究旨在构建基于cuprotosis相关铁下垂基因（CFRGs）差异表达的预测结肠癌（COAD）预后的预后模型。方法与结果从Cancer Genome Atlas和Gene Expression Omnibus数据库中获取COAD患者的转录组学数据和临床资料。综合运用方差分析、Pearson相关分析、LASSO算法和Cox回归等方法构建CFRGs特征。此外，采用多种算法策略来探索风险评分与免疫浸润特征之间的潜在关联。单细胞数据集用于分析模型基因。对不同风险组的体细胞突变和药物敏感性进行比较。免疫组化分析证实了主要特征基因的表达。我们确定了构建CFRGs特征的8个关键基因。单细胞RNA测序显示CFRGs在COAD肿瘤微环境中的差异表达。nomogram证实了风险评分作为COAD的独立预后因素。高危组免疫细胞和基质细胞浸润增多，免疫检查点表达增多。高危组患者可从奥氮平治疗中获益。RT-PCR和免疫组化均证实，GLS和YAP1在COAD组织中的表达水平明显高于癌旁非癌组织。结论CFRGs风险预后模型可有效预测患者免疫浸润及免疫治疗反应，为COAD患者的个体化治疗方案提供新的参考依据。

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引用次数: 0

Clinicopathological Diagnosis and Prognosis of Endometrioid Borderline Ovarian Tumors: Dual Case Reports and Literature Review 子宫内膜样交界性卵巢肿瘤的临床病理诊断及预后：两例报告及文献复习

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70388

Fang Yang, Dong Chen, Qian Sun, Jingjing Yu, Xue Wang

Introduction

Endometrioid borderline ovarian tumor (EBOT) is rare and frequently misdiagnosed. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical characteristics, differential diagnosis, therapeutic approaches and disease prognosis, thereby establishing a robust foundation to mitigate misdiagnosis risks and deepen insights into the pathological diagnosis of this disease.

Case Presentations

From May 2020 to December 2022, two female patients diagnosed with EBOT were enrolled at Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital. The patients, aged 30 and 34 years, respectively, both underwent left adnexal resection. Microscopically, the tumors displayed disorganized crowded endometrioid glands, mild-to-moderate epithelial atypia, and fibrous stroma interspersed among glands. Mulberry-like squamous metaplasia was also observed in some areas. Tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK), cytokeratin 7 (CK7), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), but negative for Wilms' tumor 1 (WT-1). The Ki-67 index ranged from 3% to 10%. Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous CTNNB1 deletion in one tumor, whereas a heterozygous PTEN deletion in the other. As of the current follow-up (ranging from 10 to 40 months), both cases remained in a tumor-free status, with no signs of recurrence or metastasis to date.

Conclusion

EBOT are infrequent and may coexist with endometriosis or endometrioid carcinoma. Our cases demonstrated a heterozygous deletion of the CTNNB1 gene in one case, while a heterozygous deletion of the PTEN gene in the other. Surgery remains the main treatment, reflecting its efficacy in achieving disease control and a favorable prognosis.

子宫内膜样交界性卵巢肿瘤（EBOT）是一种罕见且常被误诊的肿瘤。本研究旨在探讨本病的临床病理特征、免疫组织化学特征、鉴别诊断、治疗方法和疾病预后，为降低误诊风险和加深对本病病理诊断的认识奠定坚实的基础。2020年5月至2022年12月，宁波市鄞州第二医院招募了2例确诊为EBOT的女性患者。患者年龄分别为30岁和34岁，均行左附件切除术。显微镜下，肿瘤显示杂乱拥挤的子宫内膜样腺，轻度至中度上皮异型性，纤维间质散布于腺体之间。部分地区可见桑葚样鳞状化生。肿瘤细胞中细胞角蛋白（CK）、细胞角蛋白7 （CK7）、雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）均呈阳性，Wilms' Tumor 1 （WT-1）呈阴性。Ki-67指数为3% ~ 10%。遗传分析显示，在一个肿瘤中存在CTNNB1杂合缺失，而在另一个肿瘤中存在PTEN杂合缺失。截至目前的随访（10至40个月），两例患者均处于无肿瘤状态，未出现复发或转移迹象。结论EBOT少见，可能与子宫内膜异位症或子宫内膜样癌共存。我们的病例显示了CTNNB1基因的杂合缺失，而PTEN基因的杂合缺失在另一个病例中。手术仍然是主要的治疗方法，反映了其在实现疾病控制和良好预后方面的有效性。

{"title":"Clinicopathological Diagnosis and Prognosis of Endometrioid Borderline Ovarian Tumors: Dual Case Reports and Literature Review","authors":"Fang Yang, Dong Chen, Qian Sun, Jingjing Yu, Xue Wang","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70388","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endometrioid borderline ovarian tumor (EBOT) is rare and frequently misdiagnosed. This study aims to investigate the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical characteristics, differential diagnosis, therapeutic approaches and disease prognosis, thereby establishing a robust foundation to mitigate misdiagnosis risks and deepen insights into the pathological diagnosis of this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentations</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From May 2020 to December 2022, two female patients diagnosed with EBOT were enrolled at Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital. The patients, aged 30 and 34 years, respectively, both underwent left adnexal resection. Microscopically, the tumors displayed disorganized crowded endometrioid glands, mild-to-moderate epithelial atypia, and fibrous stroma interspersed among glands. Mulberry-like squamous metaplasia was also observed in some areas. Tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK), cytokeratin 7 (CK7), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), but negative for Wilms' tumor 1 (WT-1). The Ki-67 index ranged from 3% to 10%. Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous <i>CTNNB1</i> deletion in one tumor, whereas a heterozygous <i>PTEN</i> deletion in the other. As of the current follow-up (ranging from 10 to 40 months), both cases remained in a tumor-free status, with no signs of recurrence or metastasis to date.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EBOT are infrequent and may coexist with endometriosis or endometrioid carcinoma. Our cases demonstrated a heterozygous deletion of the <i>CTNNB1</i> gene in one case, while a heterozygous deletion of the <i>PTEN</i> gene in the other. Surgery remains the main treatment, reflecting its efficacy in achieving disease control and a favorable prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70388","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145375338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Pediatric Case of Hepatocellular Malignant Neoplasm, Not Otherwise Specified (HCN-NOS) With Poor Prognosis Post-Tumor Resection and Postoperative Chemotherapy 小儿无特异性肝细胞恶性肿瘤（HCN-NOS） 1例，肿瘤切除及术后化疗后预后不良。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70378

Bin Yamaoka, Reina Hoshi, Kako Ono, Takayuki Hirano, Yosuke Watanabe, Shumpei Goto, Takashi Hosokawa, Shuichiro Uehara

Introduction

Hepatocellular malignant neoplasm, not otherwise specified (HCN-NOS) is a newly identified liver tumor with features of mixed hepatoblastoma (HB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although its prognosis and treatment strategies are not well defined, some reports suggested that complete resection with HB-targeting chemotherapy may yield favorable outcomes.

Case Presentation

We present herein a pediatric case of HCN-NOS in which the tumor was fully resected followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient subsequently died.

Conclusion

This case highlights the fact that hepatoblastoma protocols may not always be effective in the treatment of HCN-NOS; therefore, developing treatment strategies tailored to HCN-NOS is crucial to improve patient prognosis.

简介：肝细胞恶性肿瘤（Hepatocellular malignant neoplasm, not other specified, HCN-NOS）是一种新发现的肝脏肿瘤，具有肝母细胞瘤（HB）和肝细胞癌（HCC）的混合特征。虽然其预后和治疗策略尚不明确，但一些报道表明，完全切除hb靶向化疗可能会产生良好的结果。病例介绍：我们在此报告一个小儿HCN-NOS病例，其中肿瘤被完全切除，术后化疗。不幸的是，病人随后死亡。结论：本病例强调肝母细胞瘤治疗方案可能并不总是有效的；因此，制定针对HCN-NOS的治疗策略对于改善患者预后至关重要。

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引用次数: 0