Cancer reports最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals NPC2 and ITGAV Genes as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers in Gastrointestinal Cancers","authors":"Moein Piroozkhah,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Zabihi,&nbsp;Pooya Jalali,&nbsp;Zahra Salehi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) continue to dominate in terms of both incidence and mortality worldwide. Due to the absence of efficient and accurate prognostic biomarkers, the prognosis and treatment outcomes of many GICs are poor. Identifying biomarkers to predict individual clinical outcomes efficiently is a fundamental challenge in clinical oncology. Although several biomarkers have been continually discovered, their predictive accuracy is relatively modest, and their therapeutic use is restricted. In light of this, the discovery of reliable biomarkers for predicting prognosis and outcome in GIC is urgently required.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated the Human Protein Atlas dataset and identified NPC Intracellular Cholesterol Transporter 2 (<i>NPC2</i>) and Integrin Subunit Alpha V (<i>ITGAV</i>) as probable poor predictive genes for these cancers. In addition, we used the GEPIA2, cBioPortal, UALCAN, LinkedOmics, STRING, Enrichr, TISDB, TIMER2.0, hTFTarget, miRTarBase, circBank, and drug–gene interaction database databases to conduct a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the <i>NPC2</i> and <i>ITGAV</i> genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results found high expression levels of <i>NPC2</i> and <i>ITGAV</i> in most GICs. The aforementioned gene expressions were linked to several clinicopathological characteristics of GICs as well as poorer prognosis in LIHC and STAD. The most common alteration type of <i>NPC2</i> was amplification, and for <i>ITGAV</i> was deep deletion. Significant promotor hypermethylation was also seen in <i>NPC2</i> and <i>ITGAV</i> in PAAD and COAD, respectively. For the immunologic significance, <i>NPC2</i> and <i>ITGAV</i> were positively correlated with the abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, various immunomodulators showed strong correlations with the expression of these genes. There were currently 10 small molecule drugs targeting <i>ITGAV</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consequently, our bioinformatics analysis showed that <i>NPC2</i> and <i>ITGAV</i> might be used as potential biomarkers to determine the prognosis of various GICs and are also related to immune infiltration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockdown of Methylation-Related Gene MBD2 Blocks Cell Growth by Upregulating p21 Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Ting Cao,&nbsp;Xia Shen,&nbsp;Fei Pei,&nbsp;Taogeng Jiang,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Zhou","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2) attaches to methylated DNA, which mediates methylated gene transcription, leading to gene silencing and affecting tumor progression. The molecular mechanisms of MBD2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain insufficiently characterized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study sought to assess the clinical relevance of MBD2 expression in HNSCC, with a particular focus on elucidating its functional role in tumor progression and its regulatory influence on p21 expression and cellular proliferation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed the relationships between MBD2 expression, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes in HNSCC patients using data from the UALCAN, TCGA, and cBioPortal databases. The functional role of MBD2 in HNSCC was further investigated through in vitro experiments. p21 expression was assessed using western blotting and qRT-PCR in TU212 and AMC-HN8 cells. These cells were treated with either shRNA targeting MBD2, 5-azacytidine (5-Aza), or a combination of shRNA MBD2 and 5-Aza. Additionally, cell proliferation and viability were measured in each treatment group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MBD2 was found to be frequently overexpressed in HNSCC tissues, and its altered expression was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Both shRNA-mediated MBD2 knockdown and 5-Aza treatment increased p21 expression in HNSCC cells, exhibiting similar functions with additive effects. Furthermore, both treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and viability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicated that shRNA-mediated MBD2 knockdown suppresses HNSCC cell growth by upregulating p21 expression. In addition to its role as an oncogene, MBD2 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HNSCC patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and Treatment Analysis of Periosteal Osteosarcoma","authors":"Michael C. Larkins","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periosteal osteosarcoma (PO) is a rare bone cancer that makes up between 1% and 6% of osteosarcomas. No epidemiological survey of the United States has been conducted to study this disease, and most of the literature is limited to single-center analyses and case reports. We seek to perform the first such assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program was queried for patients with primary PO (ICD-O-3 code 9193/3). Analysis of demographic, disease, and treatment variables was conducted via Fisher's exact test and 20-year cause-specific survival (20y CSS) was assessed via logrank analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-four patients with PO were identified; median age was 20–24 years at diagnosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated surgery provided 20y CSS benefit (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.08, <i>p</i> = 0.040) while chemotherapy (CTX) did not (<i>p</i> = 0.29); however, given the limited number of events (<i>n</i> = 11), recalculation of Cox regression for each variable demonstrated significance only with race (<i>p</i> = 0.026). Younger patients were more likely to be diagnosed with PO of the appendicular skeleton compared to the axial skeleton (<i>p</i> = 0.038). Mean survival time was greater among patients diagnosed with appendicular PO (16.0 years [14.2, 17.9]) compared to axial PO (10.9 years [9.5, 12.4]). Stage-stratified survival analysis demonstrated surgery alone was non-inferior to surgery with the addition of CTX (local disease: <i>p</i> = 0.37; regional disease: <i>p</i> = 0.85).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Axial PO is associated with decreased mean 20y CSS compared to appendicular PO, though in general, appendicular PO is more common than axial PO. In keeping with current literature, treatment of PO with CTX in addition to surgery should be reserved for high-risk patients, though its use in the treatment of PO is questionable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Oesophageal Cancer in Ethiopia: Elevated Incidence in Females and Younger Cases","authors":"Girma Mulisa,&nbsp;Tamrat Abebe,&nbsp;Bekele Gutema,&nbsp;Jannatul Mahmuda,&nbsp;Md. Al Amin Khan,&nbsp;Tarik Gheit,&nbsp;Zdenko Herceg,&nbsp;Fazlur Rahman Talukdar","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oesophageal cancer is a public health concern in Ethiopia. Identifying the incidence and demographic profile of the two histological subtypes: oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are the key steps in recognizing the disease burden and potential aetiopathological associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study is to identify the age and gender-specific incidence patterns of the most common subtype of oesophageal cancer in a high-incidence area of Ethiopia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cross-sectional study from a high-incidence oesophageal cancer district in Ethiopia identified 630 cases from the pathology registry of nine hospitals. The patient records were carefully reviewed and data on age, gender, tumour location and histological types was systematically compiled. The patient data were retrieved and descriptive statistics were used to generate results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ESCC subtype, accounted for constituting 500 (79.437%) cases. A gender disparity was observed, with 62.80% of cases occurring in females and 37.20% in males. This distribution of higher female ESCC incidences aligns with previous findings indicating a regional consistency and probable aetiological factor. Furthermore, ESCC incidence peaked at 40–50 years in females, highlighting an age-related incidence trend. EAC was observed in 67 (51.5%) females and 63 (48.5%) males showing similar prevalence. Spatial analysis revealed that the majority of ESCC cases were located in the lower oesophagus, followed by the middle part, with fewer instances in the upper oesophagus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study from Ethiopia identified ESCC as the predominant subtype, with a marked female predominance and age-related gender disparities. EAC with a lesser proportion identified with consistent spatial distribution patterns in both genders provide valuable insights into the epidemiological landscape of this disease. These findings emphasize the urgency of targeted research to uncover the underlying factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric Outlet Obstruction as a First Symptom of a Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) Progression—A Case Report","authors":"Duje Apostolski,&nbsp;Florian Roitner","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metastatic disease of a urinary bladder cancer localized in the upper abdomen is very rare. This case report describes the first patient with a urinary bladder cancer progression, initially presenting as a gastric outlet obstruction due to peritoneal carcinomatosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present the case of a 78-years-old male patient who was admitted to Hospital St. Josef Braunau in Austria with persistent vomiting. In the medical history, the most prominent finding was a diagnosed high-risk NMIBC. At the time, patient was between 2. and 3. BCG maintenance instillation cycle, following two transurethral resections. Routine follow-up cystoscopy 1 month before admission to our department showed no evidence of disease recurrence. Due to the therapy resistant vomiting, gastroscopy was performed, revealing duodenal stenosis without mucosal changes. Subsequently performed abdominal CT-scan showed homogenous swelling of the mesenteric fat tissue around duodenum, spreading retroperitoneal to both kidneys. In the absence of the typical peritoneal carcinomatosis features, the finding was firstly described as an inflammation of mesenteric fat or <i>panniculitis mesenterialis</i>. Further deterioration of patient's condition and later occurred bilateral hydronephrosis raised a suspicion of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Consequently, conducted laparoscopic exploration confirmed the suspicion describing the tissue conglomerate typical for peritoneal carcinomatosis surrounding the duodenum. Pathohistological analysis of taken samples proved urothelial cancer cells, confirming the diagnosis of metastatic bladder cancer disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case report presents a very unusual presentation of metastatic urinary bladder cancer that could help clinicians to consider this diagnosis when encountering similar clinical features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrated Approach to Develop a Potent Vaccine Candidate Construct Against Prostate Cancer by Utilizing Machine Learning and Bioinformatics","authors":"Aqel Albutti","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among males. Prostaglandin G/H synthase (PGHS) is an essential enzyme in the synthesis of prostaglandins, and its activation has been linked to many malignancies, including colorectal cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to the limited effectiveness and specificity of existing prostate cancer therapies, this study was designed to formulate improved treatment techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several immunoinformatic, reverse vaccinology, and molecular modeling methodologies were used to discover B- and T-cell epitopes for the glioblastoma multiforme tumor PGH2_HUMAN. This research evaluated Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 protein as a potential vaccine candidate against the malignancy. The multi-epitope vaccine architecture is engineered to activate the immune system, with each epitope docked to its respective HLAs. Further, MD simulations analysis was performed to validate the findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A multi-epitope subunit vaccine candidate was developed by concatenating the chosen B- and T-cell epitopes. Results yield a codon adaptive index (CAI) of 0.93 and a GC content of 56.77%. Thus, it conforms to a biological requirement for effective protein expression, suggesting competent vaccine efficacy inside the Escherichia coli system. Significant interleukin and cytokine responses were seen, characterized by elevated levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the immune system's response to the immunization. Molecular docking demonstrated an efficient binding affinity of −278 kcal/mol, with hydrogen bonding to several residues. Furthermore, the system total root mean square deviation (RMSD) reached 3.23 Å, with a maximum of up to 5.0 Å at the 100 ns time point but remains stable till 400 ns time intervals followed by stable root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and radius of gyration values. The hydrogen bond cloud residues are the critical sites that significantly influence the binding energies of MMPBSA and MMGBSA via substantial van der Waals interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It has been determined that these in silico analyses will further augment the comprehension necessary for advancing the creation of targeted therapies for chemotherapeutic cancer treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Effects of Blocking Potassium Channels With 4-Aminopyridine on Paclitaxel Activity in Breast Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"Esra M. Cüce-Aydoğmuş,&nbsp;G. Ayşe İnhan-Garip","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paclitaxel (PTX) has been used as a chemotherapeutic agent for several malignancies, including breast cancer, and efforts to increase the efficiency of PTX are continuous. Previous studies have shown that the voltage-gated K⁺ channels are over-expressed in breast cancer cell lines; therefore, blocking this type of K⁺ channel reduces cell proliferation and viability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, FDA-approved 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a voltage-gated potassium channel blocker, was used in combination with PTX to improve the anticancer activity of PTX in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Viability was determined with trypan blue, a clonogenic assay was performed, and the cell cycle was determined with a flow cytometer and immunochemistry. To gain an insight into the mechanism, intracellular K⁺ concentration, intracellular Ca²⁺ (calcium) concentration, and transmembrane potential measurements were made with corresponding fluorescent dyes. The apoptotic cell number was determined using Annexin /PI method by flow cytometer. Viability decreased with combination therapy and the clonogenic assay proved decreased colony formation. The apoptotic cell number was increased after treatment with the combination in both cell lines. Cell cycle measurements showed G₁ arrest for both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines upon 4-AP treatment. PTX caused G₁ arrest in MCF-7 cells and S phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. Combination treatment caused S phase arrest in MCF-7 cells and S phase and G₂/M phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. Intracellular K⁺ concentration was increased after all treatments in both cell lines. Ca²⁺ concentration was increased significantly after combination treatment. Depolarization in the transmembrane potential was observed after all treatments in both cell lines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biophysical parameters like the transmembrane potential and ion fluxes have been defined in cancer progression which can provide new aspects for cancer treatments. This study shows that the combination of 4-AP with PTX is a promising alternative the mechanism of which needs further investigation considering the results obtained for Ca²⁺, K⁺, and membrane potential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11625685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Inflammation-Related lncRNA Signature for Prognostic Prediction in Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Zhenling Zhang,&nbsp;Yingshu Luo,&nbsp;Yuan Liu,&nbsp;Jiangnan Ren,&nbsp;Zhaoxiong Fang,&nbsp;Yanzhi Han","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a commonly diagnosed malignancy affecting the digestive system. Mounting evidence shows long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to carcinogenesis. However, inflammation-related lncRNAs (IRLs) regulating CRC are poorly defined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study aimed to develop an IRL signature for predicting prognosis in CRC and to examine the involved molecular mechanism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RNA-seq findings and patient data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and inflammation-associated genes were obtained from the GeneCards database. IRLs with differential expression were determined with “limma” in R. Using correlation and univariable Cox analyses, prognostic IRLs were identified. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was employed to construct a prognostic model including 13 IRLs. The model's prognostic value was examined by Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Furthermore, the association of the signature with the immune profile was assessed. Finally, RT-qPCR was carried out for verifying the expression of inflammation-related lncRNAs in nonmalignant and malignant tissue samples. A model containing 13 inflammation-related lncRNAs was built and utilized to classify cases into two risk groups based on risk score. The signature-derived risk score had a higher value in predicting survival compared with traditionally used clinicopathological properties in CRC cases. In addition, marked differences were detected in immune cells between the two groups, including CD4⁺ T cells and M2 macrophages. Furthermore, RT-qPCR confirmed the expression patterns of these 13 lncRNAs were comparable to those of the TCGA-CRC cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed 13-IRL signature is a promising biomarker and may help the clinical decision-making process and improve prognostic evaluation in CRC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Cancer Effect of Sulforaphane in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells Mia PaCa-2","authors":"Min Ju Park,&nbsp;Yoon Hee Kim","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70074","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pancreatic cancer is difficult to treat early as it has no early symptoms. The presence of sulforaphane (SFN) in cruciferous vegetables has been found to possess anti-cancer effects in gastric and colon cancers. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine kinase, plays a significant role in pancreatic cancer progression, influencing tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Targeting GSK-3β has shown potential to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. However, the mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of SFN on pancreatic cancer through GSK-3β is unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we examined the anticancer effects of SFN in human pancreatic cancer cell line Mia PaCa-2 and evaluated its molecular mechanisms with respect to the GSK-3β-related pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SFN increased the protein expression of the phosphorylated form of GSK3β (Ser9). In the Wingless Int-1 homolog/β-catenin pathway, GSK3β induced apoptosis by phosphorylating β-catenin. However, in mutant Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog-like-dependent cells such as Mia PaCa-2, GSK3β was suppressed and the β-catenin level was increased, thus inducing apoptosis. Indeed, SFN increased the protein expression of β-catenin in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Subsequently, we measured the level of cMyc, the target gene of β-catenin. SFN decreased cMyc expression despite an increase in the β-catenin. We measured the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, a downstream factor of GSK3β and an upstream factor of cMyc. SFN decreased the expression of NF-κB and cMyc, indicating that SFN inhibits cell proliferation by suppressing the GSK3β/NF-κB/cMyc pathway. As the suppression of NF-κB results in a decrease in B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) which is the anti-apoptotic gene, we tested the effect of SFN in the expression of BCL-2. SFN inhibited the expression of BCL-2 and increased the ratio of the apoptotic regulator gene BCL-2 associated X (BAX), where SFN induced the cleaved cysteine aspartase-3 and poly-adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate that SFN may have therapeutic potential in the inhibition of pancreatic cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fathers' Experience of Their Child's Paediatric Brain Tumour","authors":"Florence Labrell,&nbsp;Christine Hassler,&nbsp;Christelle Dufour,&nbsp;Jacques Grill,&nbsp;Hugo Câmara-Costa","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This exploratory study explores the impact of paediatric brain cancer on the experiences of the fathers from the time of diagnosis, while most studies have focused on the mothers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The content of interviews conducted with six fathers of children who had brain tumours at the age of approximately 10 years was analysed using a qualitative methodology, following the COREQ guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The fathers first talked about their feelings about the way the brain tumour affected their child and how he/she coped with the illness and treatments, and they also described the difficulties encountered. These French fathers likewise talked about their rights, their need to be listened to, and their wish to remain close to their child during treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Improving communication with fathers during care and medical visits could help promote more balanced support for both parents in the vulnerable period of serious paediatric illnesses such as brain tumours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}