Symptomatic bone marrow metastasis in squamous cell lung cancer after achieving a complete response to immunochemotherapy has not been reported previously.
Case Presentation
A 63-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital for further examination of an abnormal chest radiograph. Whole-body computed tomography revealed left hilar swelling and osteolytic lesions. Bronchoscopic examination led to a diagnosis of squamous cell lung carcinoma with multiple bone metastases. He was treated with carboplatin/Nab-paclitaxel and pembrolizumab, and achieved complete response as determined by positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose-computed tomography. Despite pembrolizumab maintenance therapy for 1 year, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and leukoerythroblastosis occurred. Bone marrow biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma cells within fibrotic tissue, confirming the diagnosis of symptomatic bone marrow metastases. The patient died 1 month after this diagnosis.
Conclusion
Recurrence presenting bone marrow metastasis should be considered in patients with squamous cell lung cancer, even achieving complete response to immunochemotherapy, particularly those with bone metastases.
{"title":"Development of Symptomatic Bone Marrow Metastasis After Complete Response to Immunochemotherapy in Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma","authors":"Akari Momose, Tomonobu Koizumi, Risa Takei, Yutaro Waki, Hajime Midorikawa, Nami Kitagawa, Fumihiro Kawakami, Maki Ohya, Hideaki Hamano","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70385","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Symptomatic bone marrow metastasis in squamous cell lung cancer after achieving a complete response to immunochemotherapy has not been reported previously.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 63-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital for further examination of an abnormal chest radiograph. Whole-body computed tomography revealed left hilar swelling and osteolytic lesions. Bronchoscopic examination led to a diagnosis of squamous cell lung carcinoma with multiple bone metastases. He was treated with carboplatin/Nab-paclitaxel and pembrolizumab, and achieved complete response as determined by positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose-computed tomography. Despite pembrolizumab maintenance therapy for 1 year, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and leukoerythroblastosis occurred. Bone marrow biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma cells within fibrotic tissue, confirming the diagnosis of symptomatic bone marrow metastases. The patient died 1 month after this diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recurrence presenting bone marrow metastasis should be considered in patients with squamous cell lung cancer, even achieving complete response to immunochemotherapy, particularly those with bone metastases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinlei Zhou, Chenxi Zhou, Yi Lu, Shenghao Lin, Che Fu, Mengfan Wei, Leitao Sun, Kaibo Guo
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) constitute a heterogeneous group of rare tumors that most commonly originate from the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, with a consistently rising global incidence over recent decades. Hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms (HB-NENs), defined as primary NENs arising in the liver and biliary tract, are exceedingly uncommon, accounting for less than 0.5% of all NENs. Owing to their low incidence, atypical clinical presentations, and the paucity of large-scale datasets, no distinct World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria have yet been established for these entities. Epidemiological characteristics and prognostic studies of HB-NENs remain extremely limited. Current prognostic evaluation relies predominantly on the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) TNM staging systems, whereas population-level investigations into incidence trends, survival determinants, and individualized predictive tools for HB-NENs are still largely absent.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To investigate epidemiological trends (1992–2020) and prognostic factors associated with overall survival in a nationally representative cohort of patients with hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, with subgroup stratification by sex and race. Additionally, we aim to develop a prognostic nomogram integrating significant predictors to quantify individualized survival probabilities for this population.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>In this cohort study, patients diagnosed with hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms between January 1, 1975, and December 31, 2020, were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Related data were used for epidemiologic and survival analysis, as well as the development and validation of a nomogram to predict the overall survival probability of individual hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms patients.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The age-adjusted incidence rate of hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms increased 1.76-fold from 1992 to 2020 (annual percentage change [APC], 2.73; 95% CI, 1.86−3.65; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms in the extrahepatic bile duct increased most significantly (APC, 3.73; 95% CI, 2.03−5.46; <i>p</i> < 0.05), and the gallbladder also increased most significantly (APC, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.97−5.08; <i>p</i> <
{"title":"Epidemiologic Trends and Factors Associated With Overall Survival for Patients With Hepatobiliary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in the United States","authors":"Xinlei Zhou, Chenxi Zhou, Yi Lu, Shenghao Lin, Che Fu, Mengfan Wei, Leitao Sun, Kaibo Guo","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70410","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) constitute a heterogeneous group of rare tumors that most commonly originate from the gastrointestinal tract and lungs, with a consistently rising global incidence over recent decades. Hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms (HB-NENs), defined as primary NENs arising in the liver and biliary tract, are exceedingly uncommon, accounting for less than 0.5% of all NENs. Owing to their low incidence, atypical clinical presentations, and the paucity of large-scale datasets, no distinct World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria have yet been established for these entities. Epidemiological characteristics and prognostic studies of HB-NENs remain extremely limited. Current prognostic evaluation relies predominantly on the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) TNM staging systems, whereas population-level investigations into incidence trends, survival determinants, and individualized predictive tools for HB-NENs are still largely absent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate epidemiological trends (1992–2020) and prognostic factors associated with overall survival in a nationally representative cohort of patients with hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, with subgroup stratification by sex and race. Additionally, we aim to develop a prognostic nomogram integrating significant predictors to quantify individualized survival probabilities for this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cohort study, patients diagnosed with hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms between January 1, 1975, and December 31, 2020, were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Related data were used for epidemiologic and survival analysis, as well as the development and validation of a nomogram to predict the overall survival probability of individual hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The age-adjusted incidence rate of hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms increased 1.76-fold from 1992 to 2020 (annual percentage change [APC], 2.73; 95% CI, 1.86−3.65; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of hepatobiliary neuroendocrine neoplasms in the extrahepatic bile duct increased most significantly (APC, 3.73; 95% CI, 2.03−5.46; <i>p</i> < 0.05), and the gallbladder also increased most significantly (APC, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.97−5.08; <i>p</i> < ","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) is a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma.
Methods
In this retrospective study involving 22 patients, we evaluated the association between peripheral blood CD4/CD8 ratios and the occurrence of out-of-specification (OOS) products during manufacturing. Expanded access protocols have permitted the infusion of OOS products, despite their failure to meet commercial release criteria, under close regulatory oversight.
Results
Five patients who received OOS products had significantly lower CD4/CD8 ratios (median 0.22 vs. 0.46; p = 0.008).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that a low CD4/CD8 ratio (below one-third) may be a predictive marker for OOS outcomes, potentially supporting patient selection and treatment planning. Therefore, prospective validation using a larger cohort is warranted.
Lisocabtagene maraleucel （liso- cell）是一种cd19导向的嵌合抗原受体t细胞疗法，用于复发或难治性大b细胞淋巴瘤患者。方法在这项涉及22例患者的回顾性研究中，我们评估了外周血CD4/CD8比率与生产过程中产品不合规格（OOS）发生率之间的关系。扩大准入协议允许在密切监管下输注OOS产品，尽管它们未能满足商业放行标准。结果5例使用OOS产品的患者CD4/CD8比值显著降低（中位数0.22 vs. 0.46; p = 0.008）。我们的研究结果表明，低CD4/CD8比值（低于三分之一）可能是OOS结果的预测指标，可能支持患者选择和治疗计划。因此，使用更大的队列进行前瞻性验证是有必要的。
{"title":"Peripheral Blood CD4/CD8 Ratio Predicts Out-of-Specification Products in Lisocabtagene Maraleucel Manufacturing","authors":"Taichi Hirano, Hiro Tatetsu, Shikiko Ueno, Takafumi Shichijo, Takahisa Nakamura, Asami Yamada, Mitsuhiro Uchiba, Koji Kato, Kisato Nosaka, Masao Matsuoka, Jun-ichirou Yasunaga","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) is a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective study involving 22 patients, we evaluated the association between peripheral blood CD4/CD8 ratios and the occurrence of out-of-specification (OOS) products during manufacturing. Expanded access protocols have permitted the infusion of OOS products, despite their failure to meet commercial release criteria, under close regulatory oversight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five patients who received OOS products had significantly lower CD4/CD8 ratios (median 0.22 vs. 0.46; <i>p</i> = 0.008).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that a low CD4/CD8 ratio (below one-third) may be a predictive marker for OOS outcomes, potentially supporting patient selection and treatment planning. Therefore, prospective validation using a larger cohort is warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Arianmanesh, Saeede Bagheri, Mohammad Ali Karimi, Saba Izadi, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi
Background
Solid tumors are one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Measurable combined inflammatory markers in the blood, which indicate the inflammatory response, play a crucial role in managing patients with malignancies. These markers have been validated as less invasive, practical, and cost-effective tools in the clinical decision-making process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of inflammatory markers based on complete blood count (CBC), including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in major solid tumors, including breast, lung, colorectal, and prostate cancers, due to their high prevalence and strong evidence base.
Recent Findings
In this study, studies from 2015 to June 2025 were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus using keywords such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, prognosis value, predictive value, diagnosis value, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer. Findings indicate that elevated NLR and PLR, alongside reduced LMR, are commonly associated with advanced disease, poorer survival, and diminished response to treatment, though the strength of evidence varies by cancer type. Limitations across studies include retrospective design, inconsistent cut-off values, and confounding factors such as comorbidities and treatment regimens.
Conclusion
Current evidence suggests that NLR, PLR, and LMR have significant potential as accessible biomarkers for risk stratification and treatment monitoring in common solid tumors. However, lack of standardization in methodology and cut-off definitions limits their widespread clinical implementation. High-quality prospective studies are needed to establish unified thresholds and clarify their role alongside established biomarkers.
{"title":"The Evaluation of Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Role of Hematologic Inflammatory Indices NLR, PLR, and LMR in Common Solid Tumors","authors":"Fatemeh Arianmanesh, Saeede Bagheri, Mohammad Ali Karimi, Saba Izadi, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70407","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Solid tumors are one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Measurable combined inflammatory markers in the blood, which indicate the inflammatory response, play a crucial role in managing patients with malignancies. These markers have been validated as less invasive, practical, and cost-effective tools in the clinical decision-making process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of inflammatory markers based on complete blood count (CBC), including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in major solid tumors, including breast, lung, colorectal, and prostate cancers, due to their high prevalence and strong evidence base.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, studies from 2015 to June 2025 were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus using keywords such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, prognosis value, predictive value, diagnosis value, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer. Findings indicate that elevated NLR and PLR, alongside reduced LMR, are commonly associated with advanced disease, poorer survival, and diminished response to treatment, though the strength of evidence varies by cancer type. Limitations across studies include retrospective design, inconsistent cut-off values, and confounding factors such as comorbidities and treatment regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current evidence suggests that NLR, PLR, and LMR have significant potential as accessible biomarkers for risk stratification and treatment monitoring in common solid tumors. However, lack of standardization in methodology and cut-off definitions limits their widespread clinical implementation. High-quality prospective studies are needed to establish unified thresholds and clarify their role alongside established biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elham Karimi, Shalaleh Abbasnezhad, Maedeh Arabpour, Sepideh Abdollahi, Mohammad Biglari, Marjan Yaghmaie
Background
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant eye tumor that predominantly affects children. Although survival rates have improved significantly due to advancements in treatment, subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) continue to be major causes of death in both heritable and non-heritable RB cases. These SMNs are often associated with mutations in the RB1 gene, as well as the effects of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. There are no previous reports of a nonhereditary RB survivor developing three sequential hematologic malignancies (AML, lymphoma, and ALL) over 20 years. Most secondary primary cancers (SPCs) in RB survivors are solid tumors, such as osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, and melanoma, with hematologic malignancies being far less common, especially as third or subsequent primary tumors.
Case
We report a case of a 21-year-old Iranian male who developed multiple distinct hematologic malignancies following retinoblastoma treatment. Using NGS, Sanger sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis, the possibility of germline mutations was surveyed.
Conclusion
Germline changes associated with malignancies were examined using next-generation sequencing (NGS). There were no germline alterations discovered, suggesting no predisposition to develop cancer. Three pathogenic/likely pathogenic heterozygous variants were found in the patient by carrier screening. Absence of germline RB1 mutations or other hereditary cancer syndromes implicates treatment-related factors (chemotherapy/radiotherapy) as the primary driver of sequential malignancies. Nonhereditary retinoblastoma (RB) survivors have a lower risk of secondary malignancies (SMNs) compared to their hereditary counterparts. Chemotherapy, especially alkylating agents, increases the risk of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and other leukemias and lymphomas due to its mutagenic effects and genetic factors. Although RB survivors rarely develop secondary cancers, the limited patient numbers and short follow-up periods may influence SPC risk assessments. Continuous monitoring and personalized follow-up care are crucial for managing long-term risks in these survivors. This research emphasizes the essential importance of ongoing monitoring and follow-up for survivors of retinoblastoma (RB) to identify and address secondary malignancies (SMNs), improve the management of long-term complications, and enhance both life expectancy and quality of life.
{"title":"Subsequent Primary Hematologic Malignancies in a 21-Year-Old Retinoblastoma Survivor: Case Report Study","authors":"Elham Karimi, Shalaleh Abbasnezhad, Maedeh Arabpour, Sepideh Abdollahi, Mohammad Biglari, Marjan Yaghmaie","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70411","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant eye tumor that predominantly affects children. Although survival rates have improved significantly due to advancements in treatment, subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) continue to be major causes of death in both heritable and non-heritable RB cases. These SMNs are often associated with mutations in the RB1 gene, as well as the effects of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. There are no previous reports of a nonhereditary RB survivor developing three sequential hematologic malignancies (AML, lymphoma, and ALL) over 20 years. Most secondary primary cancers (SPCs) in RB survivors are solid tumors, such as osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, and melanoma, with hematologic malignancies being far less common, especially as third or subsequent primary tumors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report a case of a 21-year-old Iranian male who developed multiple distinct hematologic malignancies following retinoblastoma treatment. Using NGS, Sanger sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis, the possibility of germline mutations was surveyed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Germline changes associated with malignancies were examined using next-generation sequencing (NGS). There were no germline alterations discovered, suggesting no predisposition to develop cancer. Three pathogenic/likely pathogenic heterozygous variants were found in the patient by carrier screening. Absence of germline RB1 mutations or other hereditary cancer syndromes implicates treatment-related factors (chemotherapy/radiotherapy) as the primary driver of sequential malignancies. Nonhereditary retinoblastoma (RB) survivors have a lower risk of secondary malignancies (SMNs) compared to their hereditary counterparts. Chemotherapy, especially alkylating agents, increases the risk of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and other leukemias and lymphomas due to its mutagenic effects and genetic factors. Although RB survivors rarely develop secondary cancers, the limited patient numbers and short follow-up periods may influence SPC risk assessments. Continuous monitoring and personalized follow-up care are crucial for managing long-term risks in these survivors. This research emphasizes the essential importance of ongoing monitoring and follow-up for survivors of retinoblastoma (RB) to identify and address secondary malignancies (SMNs), improve the management of long-term complications, and enhance both life expectancy and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70411","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide due to its late stage of diagnosis. More efficacious models are required to serve as experimental representatives to enhance the effectiveness of various drugs, select suitable treatment regimens for patients, and further investigate the molecular pathological mechanism of GC.
Aims
This study utilized four GC cell lines and patient-derived tumor cells (PDTCs) to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the 2D, spheroid, and organoid models, reveal the growth characteristics, drug sensitivity differences, and potential mechanisms of GC cells in different culture models, so as to promote the development of GC models.
Methods and Results
A series of experimental approaches were employed, encompassing but not limited to cell growth assessments, drug sensitivity assays, and RNA-sequencing analyses. We demonstrated that the 3D models are more like human tumor tissues in terms of tissue structure and spatial structure. Notably, there are also differences between different 3D models. The results clearly indicate that the sizes of organoids and spheroids differ significantly. The spheroid model had the lowest growth rate among the three models. However, the organoid model achieved the highest cell growth rate among the three models. This may be because the organoid showed significant PI3K/PTEN signaling pathway activation and low expression of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved PARp. Through RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that the biosynthesis and metabolism of the 3D model were higher than those of the 2D model, which may be one of the reasons for the drug resistance of the 3D model. The spheroid model had the lowest drug sensitivity among the three models. We found that the spheroid model had higher expression of metabolic-related molecules, followed by the organoid model and then the 2D model.
Conclusion
Our results show a gap among the three models in the growth characteristics, tissue structure, hypoxia, anti-apoptotic features, signal pathway expression level, and drug sensitivity evaluation of GC cells. These results will further promote the development of GC models.
{"title":"Comparison of Gastric Cancer Models Using Different Dimensions In Vitro","authors":"Wenhui Zheng, Yubiao Lin, Lulin Ji, Lihua Feng, Xin Fan, Zhigao Zheng, Yingqin Gao, Kaida Huang, Guoqin Qiu, Yide Chen, Fanghong Luo, Shuitu Feng","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70401","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide due to its late stage of diagnosis. More efficacious models are required to serve as experimental representatives to enhance the effectiveness of various drugs, select suitable treatment regimens for patients, and further investigate the molecular pathological mechanism of GC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilized four GC cell lines and patient-derived tumor cells (PDTCs) to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the 2D, spheroid, and organoid models, reveal the growth characteristics, drug sensitivity differences, and potential mechanisms of GC cells in different culture models, so as to promote the development of GC models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A series of experimental approaches were employed, encompassing but not limited to cell growth assessments, drug sensitivity assays, and RNA-sequencing analyses. We demonstrated that the 3D models are more like human tumor tissues in terms of tissue structure and spatial structure. Notably, there are also differences between different 3D models. The results clearly indicate that the sizes of organoids and spheroids differ significantly. The spheroid model had the lowest growth rate among the three models. However, the organoid model achieved the highest cell growth rate among the three models. This may be because the organoid showed significant PI3K/PTEN signaling pathway activation and low expression of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved PARp. Through RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that the biosynthesis and metabolism of the 3D model were higher than those of the 2D model, which may be one of the reasons for the drug resistance of the 3D model. The spheroid model had the lowest drug sensitivity among the three models. We found that the spheroid model had higher expression of metabolic-related molecules, followed by the organoid model and then the 2D model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results show a gap among the three models in the growth characteristics, tissue structure, hypoxia, anti-apoptotic features, signal pathway expression level, and drug sensitivity evaluation of GC cells. These results will further promote the development of GC models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Rahimi, Enayatollah Ejaz, Farooq Ahmad Saddiqi, Mohammad Masudi, Musa Joya, Nasar Ahmad Shayan
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>This study marks the first extensive evaluation of quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients in Afghanistan, carried out at the Oncology Department of Herat Regional Hospital. Its primary objective was to assess the QoL of cancer patients and to determine key factors influencing it, utilizing the validated European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 instrument.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>The study aimed to determine overall QoL levels among Afghan cancer patients and to examine the impact of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including disease stage and gender differences, on functional and symptom related domains.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods and Results</h3> <p>A total of 230 patients diagnosed with cancer participated in this cross-sectional survey conducted between February and May 2024. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profiles were collected, and QoL outcomes were examined across both functional and symptom-related domains. The findings indicated that esophageal and gastric cancers were the most common types observed, with the majority of patients presenting at stage two of the disease. Among the functional domains, cognitive functioning received the highest scores, whereas social functioning scored the lowest. Financial hardship emerged as the most burdensome symptom reported. Disease progression, marked by advancing cancer stages, was associated with significant declines in physical and role functioning, along with increases in symptoms such as dyspnea and insomnia. Gender differences were notable, with male patients reporting higher overall QoL compared to female patients. Economic challenges were found to have a considerable negative effect on QoL outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>As a pioneering study in Afghanistan, these results emphasize the pressing need for interventions that address the physical, psychological, and economic hardships faced by cancer patients. The study further stresses the importance of promoting early diagnosis, developing individualized treatment plans, and providing comprehensive supportive care to enhance patient well-being. These insights offer a foundation for developing cancer care policies and integrating standardized QoL assessment tools within clinical practice in Afghanistan and similar resource-limited environments. These findings provide crucial evidence for policymakers to develop targeted, gender-sensitive interventions to mitigate financia
{"title":"First Comprehensive Assessment of Quality of Life in Cancer Patients in Afghanistan: Insights From Herat Regional Hospital","authors":"Ali Rahimi, Enayatollah Ejaz, Farooq Ahmad Saddiqi, Mohammad Masudi, Musa Joya, Nasar Ahmad Shayan","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70404","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study marks the first extensive evaluation of quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients in Afghanistan, carried out at the Oncology Department of Herat Regional Hospital. Its primary objective was to assess the QoL of cancer patients and to determine key factors influencing it, utilizing the validated European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 instrument.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aimed to determine overall QoL levels among Afghan cancer patients and to examine the impact of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including disease stage and gender differences, on functional and symptom related domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 230 patients diagnosed with cancer participated in this cross-sectional survey conducted between February and May 2024. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profiles were collected, and QoL outcomes were examined across both functional and symptom-related domains. The findings indicated that esophageal and gastric cancers were the most common types observed, with the majority of patients presenting at stage two of the disease. Among the functional domains, cognitive functioning received the highest scores, whereas social functioning scored the lowest. Financial hardship emerged as the most burdensome symptom reported. Disease progression, marked by advancing cancer stages, was associated with significant declines in physical and role functioning, along with increases in symptoms such as dyspnea and insomnia. Gender differences were notable, with male patients reporting higher overall QoL compared to female patients. Economic challenges were found to have a considerable negative effect on QoL outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a pioneering study in Afghanistan, these results emphasize the pressing need for interventions that address the physical, psychological, and economic hardships faced by cancer patients. The study further stresses the importance of promoting early diagnosis, developing individualized treatment plans, and providing comprehensive supportive care to enhance patient well-being. These insights offer a foundation for developing cancer care policies and integrating standardized QoL assessment tools within clinical practice in Afghanistan and similar resource-limited environments. These findings provide crucial evidence for policymakers to develop targeted, gender-sensitive interventions to mitigate financia","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kimia Pakdaman, Amirhossein Alizadeh-Nodehi, Amir-Hossein Lashkarbolouki, Amin Esmaeilnia Shirvani, Kasra Pakdaman, Saba Sahraian, Hossein-Ali Nikbakht, Mosua Yeminfroz, Pouyan Ebrahimi
Background
Cervical cancer (CC) remains the fourth most prevalent malignancy among women globally, with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries, where it is often diagnosed at advanced or metastatic stages.
Aims
Despite an increasing number of case reports and institutional studies on brain metastases (BMs) arising from CC, current understanding of their epidemiology, clinical presentation, and prognostic implications remains fragmented and lacks comprehensive synthesis.
Methods
We executed a systematic and unrestricted search of five major databases, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering all records up to April 19, 2025. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they provided a clear report on the incidence of BMs among CC patients. The quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were independently appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment criteria. For statistical analysis, we utilized STATA version 17, implementing random-effects meta-analytical models to estimate the aggregated incidence along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
A total of 17 studies encompassing 33 datasets were included in the final analysis. The global pooled incidence of BMs among cervical cancer patients was estimated at 0.65% (95% CI: 0.46–0.85). Incidence was highest in Turkey (1.83%, 95% CI: 0.91–2.75) and lowest in South Africa (0.22%, 95% CI: 0.0–0.47). Among histologic subtypes, neuroendocrine carcinoma exhibited the highest pooled incidence of BMs at 10.60% (95% CI: 0.0–21.63), followed by adenocarcinoma at 0.89% (95% CI: 0.14–1.64). The pooled mean survival time following the diagnosis of BMs was 6.80 months (95% CI: 5.08–8.52), while the mean interval from the initial cervical cancer diagnosis to the development of BMs was 28.15 months (95% CI: 24.27–32.03).
Conclusion
Although BMs in cervical cancer are rare, they are associated with dismal survival outcomes and poor prognosis. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant surveillance in high-risk patients and may inform the development of more targeted and effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.
{"title":"Brain Metastases in Cervical Cancer: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Incidence and Clinicopathological Features","authors":"Kimia Pakdaman, Amirhossein Alizadeh-Nodehi, Amir-Hossein Lashkarbolouki, Amin Esmaeilnia Shirvani, Kasra Pakdaman, Saba Sahraian, Hossein-Ali Nikbakht, Mosua Yeminfroz, Pouyan Ebrahimi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cervical cancer (CC) remains the fourth most prevalent malignancy among women globally, with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries, where it is often diagnosed at advanced or metastatic stages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite an increasing number of case reports and institutional studies on brain metastases (BMs) arising from CC, current understanding of their epidemiology, clinical presentation, and prognostic implications remains fragmented and lacks comprehensive synthesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We executed a systematic and unrestricted search of five major databases, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering all records up to April 19, 2025. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they provided a clear report on the incidence of BMs among CC patients. The quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were independently appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment criteria. For statistical analysis, we utilized STATA version 17, implementing random-effects meta-analytical models to estimate the aggregated incidence along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 17 studies encompassing 33 datasets were included in the final analysis. The global pooled incidence of BMs among cervical cancer patients was estimated at 0.65% (95% CI: 0.46–0.85). Incidence was highest in Turkey (1.83%, 95% CI: 0.91–2.75) and lowest in South Africa (0.22%, 95% CI: 0.0–0.47). Among histologic subtypes, neuroendocrine carcinoma exhibited the highest pooled incidence of BMs at 10.60% (95% CI: 0.0–21.63), followed by adenocarcinoma at 0.89% (95% CI: 0.14–1.64). The pooled mean survival time following the diagnosis of BMs was 6.80 months (95% CI: 5.08–8.52), while the mean interval from the initial cervical cancer diagnosis to the development of BMs was 28.15 months (95% CI: 24.27–32.03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although BMs in cervical cancer are rare, they are associated with dismal survival outcomes and poor prognosis. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant surveillance in high-risk patients and may inform the development of more targeted and effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazife Pehlivan, Andrea Villanti, Michael B. Steinberg, Ho Kim, Tanya R. Schlam, Chaelin K. Ra
Background
Poor sleep is associated with cigarette smoking and cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the contribution of smoking to poor sleep following a cancer diagnosis.
Methods
Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 6183), multivariable Poisson regression models estimated the associations between lifetime cancer diagnosis, cigarette smoking, and poor sleep, controlling for covariates and evaluating interactions between smoking and cancer diagnosis.
Results
Among adults, 11.6% reported a lifetime cancer diagnosis, and 13.3% of those reported current cigarette smoking. Adults with a cancer diagnosis who smoked had a higher prevalence of inappropriate sleep duration (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio, APR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.13) and snorting/stop breathing (APR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41) than those without a cancer diagnosis who don't smoke.
Conclusion
Smoking among adults with a lifetime cancer diagnosis is correlated with poor sleep, highlighting the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions to improve sleep health in this population.
{"title":"Associations Between Cigarette Smoking and Poor Sleep Among Adults With a Lifetime Cancer Diagnosis","authors":"Nazife Pehlivan, Andrea Villanti, Michael B. Steinberg, Ho Kim, Tanya R. Schlam, Chaelin K. Ra","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70386","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70386","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Poor sleep is associated with cigarette smoking and cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the contribution of smoking to poor sleep following a cancer diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (<i>N</i> = 6183), multivariable Poisson regression models estimated the associations between lifetime cancer diagnosis, cigarette smoking, and poor sleep, controlling for covariates and evaluating interactions between smoking and cancer diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among adults, 11.6% reported a lifetime cancer diagnosis, and 13.3% of those reported current cigarette smoking. Adults with a cancer diagnosis who smoked had a higher prevalence of inappropriate sleep duration (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio, APR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.13) and snorting/stop breathing (APR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41) than those without a cancer diagnosis who don't smoke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Smoking among adults with a lifetime cancer diagnosis is correlated with poor sleep, highlighting the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions to improve sleep health in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145573217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah V. M. Yeomans, Kira C. Lloyd, Felix Haglund de Flon, Sharmineh Mansoori, Panagiotis Tsagkozis, Christina M. Linder Stragliotto
Background
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft tissue sarcomas with a high risk of recurrence and a poor prognosis, and there is a lack of knowledge regarding long-term follow-up and response to oncological treatment.
Aims
The aim of this study was to investigate what treatment the patients received and to examine the outcome for patients with MPNST.
Methods and Results
This is a retrospective study of patients treated for MPNST at Karolinska University Hospital between 2003 and 2022. Data regarding surgical and oncological treatment and follow-up were collected. Eighty-three patients were identified and included in the study. Tumor grade is available for 72 patients, of which 64 had high-grade tumors. Seventy-nine patients were primarily operated on. Twelve patients presented with distant metastases at diagnosis. Another 37 patients developed local recurrence or distant metastases during follow-up; the median time from surgery to recurrence was 10.5 months (1–95 months, n = 36). The overall mortality rate during the study period was 44% (n = 82). Twenty-seven patients received palliative systemic treatment. The most used therapy for first-line palliative systemic treatment was doxorubicin and ifosfamide. The disease control rate for first-line treatment was 33% (n = 21). The mean overall survival for the cohort was 132 months (95% CI 107–157 months).
Conclusion
Forty-five percent of the patients in this material were diagnosed with recurrent disease and most patients treated with palliative systemic therapy experienced brief disease control following treatment. Among patients with MPNST treated with first-line palliative oncological treatment, doxorubicin and ifosfamide have the highest disease control rates. The study also identified a few patients with long-term treatment responses, with four patients alive more than 2 years after starting palliative oncological treatment.
{"title":"Oncological Outcome for 83 Consecutive Patients With Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors Treated at a Tertiary Referral Centre","authors":"Hannah V. M. Yeomans, Kira C. Lloyd, Felix Haglund de Flon, Sharmineh Mansoori, Panagiotis Tsagkozis, Christina M. Linder Stragliotto","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70406","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70406","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft tissue sarcomas with a high risk of recurrence and a poor prognosis, and there is a lack of knowledge regarding long-term follow-up and response to oncological treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate what treatment the patients received and to examine the outcome for patients with MPNST.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a retrospective study of patients treated for MPNST at Karolinska University Hospital between 2003 and 2022. Data regarding surgical and oncological treatment and follow-up were collected. Eighty-three patients were identified and included in the study. Tumor grade is available for 72 patients, of which 64 had high-grade tumors. Seventy-nine patients were primarily operated on. Twelve patients presented with distant metastases at diagnosis. Another 37 patients developed local recurrence or distant metastases during follow-up; the median time from surgery to recurrence was 10.5 months (1–95 months, <i>n</i> = 36). The overall mortality rate during the study period was 44% (<i>n</i> = 82). Twenty-seven patients received palliative systemic treatment. The most used therapy for first-line palliative systemic treatment was doxorubicin and ifosfamide. The disease control rate for first-line treatment was 33% (<i>n</i> = 21). The mean overall survival for the cohort was 132 months (95% CI 107–157 months).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-five percent of the patients in this material were diagnosed with recurrent disease and most patients treated with palliative systemic therapy experienced brief disease control following treatment. Among patients with MPNST treated with first-line palliative oncological treatment, doxorubicin and ifosfamide have the highest disease control rates. The study also identified a few patients with long-term treatment responses, with four patients alive more than 2 years after starting palliative oncological treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145573288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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