Mohammad Hossein Azadi, Pouya Pazooki, Soheila Ajdary, Hamed Shafaroodi
Background
The prevalence of cancer poses significant challenges to treatment, largely because of drug resistance along with other side effects. Current studies have been investigating the growth factors more than other biologic tumor features, such as neurobiologic features. Here in this review, we highlight the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in cancer development with their context-dependent activation and downstream effectors.
Recent Findings
Some nAChR subtypes stimulate tumorigenic pathways, EGFR/ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK, with varying responses based on the receptor subtype and tissue type. Notably, the Src kinase and MAPK pathways are common downstream effectors in lung, breast, and prostate cancers despite the variations in the predominant nAChR subunits in each cancer: α7 in lung, α9 in breast, and likely α5 and α7 in prostate tumors.
Conclusion
These findings underscore the importance of targeting nAChRs in a context-specific manner to modulate shared signaling pathways, particularly the acetylcholine-stimulated Src/MAPK pathway. This review also calls for more investigation on other neurotransmitters and potential common pathways, as implicated by psychological reports, to advance the understanding of cancer biology and therapies.
{"title":"Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Pathways in Cancer: From Psychiatric Clues to Therapeutic Opportunities","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Azadi, Pouya Pazooki, Soheila Ajdary, Hamed Shafaroodi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70387","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70387","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of cancer poses significant challenges to treatment, largely because of drug resistance along with other side effects. Current studies have been investigating the growth factors more than other biologic tumor features, such as neurobiologic features. Here in this review, we highlight the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in cancer development with their context-dependent activation and downstream effectors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Some nAChR subtypes stimulate tumorigenic pathways, EGFR/ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK, with varying responses based on the receptor subtype and tissue type. Notably, the Src kinase and MAPK pathways are common downstream effectors in lung, breast, and prostate cancers despite the variations in the predominant nAChR subunits in each cancer: α7 in lung, α9 in breast, and likely α5 and α7 in prostate tumors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the importance of targeting nAChRs in a context-specific manner to modulate shared signaling pathways, particularly the acetylcholine-stimulated Src/MAPK pathway. This review also calls for more investigation on other neurotransmitters and potential common pathways, as implicated by psychological reports, to advance the understanding of cancer biology and therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70387","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for detecting lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA-DTA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, PROQUEST, and EMBASE were searched. ADC values for suspected lymph nodes in breast cancer patients were assessed, with histopathology as the reference test. Data were analyzed using a bivariate meta-analytical model with Meta-DiSc 2.0 and STATA 17. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to assess heterogeneity.
Results
Twenty-six studies encompassing 2828 participants were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of ADC value for detecting lymph node metastasis were 88.6% (CI = 82.4%–92.8%) and 83.6% (CI = 78.0%–88.1%), respectively. The area under the HSROC curve was 0.92 (CI = 0.89–0.94), indicating excellent diagnostic ability. Moderate heterogeneity was detected (prediction area = 0.369; bivariate I2 = 69.9%). Field of view and retrospective study designs were identified as factors linked with higher specificity. Selection of largest nodes for analysis and participants' age were factors associated with higher sensitivity. The pooled ADC value was 1.272 × 10−3 mm2/s (CI = 1.150–1.394) for benign nodes and 0.874 × 10−3 mm2/s (CI = 0.773–0.974) for metastatic nodes.
Conclusion
ADC value is a highly accurate non-invasive diagnostic marker for lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. We recommend acquisition of DWI in women less than 51 years old, with the highest b-value of 1000 s/mm2, repetition time ≥ 8500 ms, field of view ≥ 350 mm, and selection of the largest node for analysis.
{"title":"Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Evaluation of Breast Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Amirmohammad Azizzadeh, Fahimeh Zeinalkhani, Peyman Kamali Hakim, Aida Mousavi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for detecting lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA-DTA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, PROQUEST, and EMBASE were searched. ADC values for suspected lymph nodes in breast cancer patients were assessed, with histopathology as the reference test. Data were analyzed using a bivariate meta-analytical model with Meta-DiSc 2.0 and STATA 17. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to assess heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six studies encompassing 2828 participants were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of ADC value for detecting lymph node metastasis were 88.6% (CI = 82.4%–92.8%) and 83.6% (CI = 78.0%–88.1%), respectively. The area under the HSROC curve was 0.92 (CI = 0.89–0.94), indicating excellent diagnostic ability. Moderate heterogeneity was detected (prediction area = 0.369; bivariate <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 69.9%). Field of view and retrospective study designs were identified as factors linked with higher specificity. Selection of largest nodes for analysis and participants' age were factors associated with higher sensitivity. The pooled ADC value was 1.272 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s (CI = 1.150–1.394) for benign nodes and 0.874 × 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s (CI = 0.773–0.974) for metastatic nodes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ADC value is a highly accurate non-invasive diagnostic marker for lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. We recommend acquisition of DWI in women less than 51 years old, with the highest <i>b</i>-value of 1000 s/mm<sup>2</sup>, repetition time ≥ 8500 ms, field of view ≥ 350 mm, and selection of the largest node for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145470157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Rota, Carolina Sciortino, Silvia Damian, Matteo Duca, Giorgia Villa, Matteo De Monte, Elisabella Ebrahem, Laura Cattaneo, Chiara Volpi, Alessandra Casale, Diletta Sorrentino, Sara Pessina, Antonia Martinetti, Filippo De Braud, Sara Cresta
Background
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being an aggressive subtype associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. TNBC is known for its immunogenic characteristics, including high genetic instability and elevated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown efficacy in TNBC treatment, but the optimal treatment duration in case of prolonged response remains unclear.
Case
This case series here reported presents two patients with metastatic TNBC who demonstrated an excellent response to ICI therapy. The first patient, a 60-year-old, was enrolled in a Phase I clinical trial and received a combination of anti-PD-1, anti-LAG-3, and anti-CSF-1 monoclonal antibodies. The second patient, a 45-year-old with BRCA1-mutated TNBC, participated in a Phase II trial and received a combination of avelumab (anti-PD-L1) and talazoparib (PARP inhibitor). Both patients achieved a complete radiological response (CR), which has been maintained for 5 years. A literature review performed here identified seven additional long-term ICI responders in metastatic TNBC. While ICIs showed significant efficacy in some patients, variability in PD-L1 expression and TILs suggests that other factors may influence response. Two patients in previous studies discontinued ICIs after 2 years without progression, prompting questions about the optimal treatment duration.
Conclusion
ICIs optimal treatment duration remains uncertain. Literature on metastatic melanoma suggests that discontinuing ICIs after a complete response rarely leads to recurrence. Prospective studies and emerging biomarkers, such as circulating tumor DNA, may help tailor treatment decisions.
{"title":"ICIs Exceptional Long Response in TNBC: Addressing the Issue of Optimal ICIs Duration. Two Cases and Review of the Literature","authors":"Simone Rota, Carolina Sciortino, Silvia Damian, Matteo Duca, Giorgia Villa, Matteo De Monte, Elisabella Ebrahem, Laura Cattaneo, Chiara Volpi, Alessandra Casale, Diletta Sorrentino, Sara Pessina, Antonia Martinetti, Filippo De Braud, Sara Cresta","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70397","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70397","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being an aggressive subtype associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. TNBC is known for its immunogenic characteristics, including high genetic instability and elevated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown efficacy in TNBC treatment, but the optimal treatment duration in case of prolonged response remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case series here reported presents two patients with metastatic TNBC who demonstrated an excellent response to ICI therapy. The first patient, a 60-year-old, was enrolled in a Phase I clinical trial and received a combination of anti-PD-1, anti-LAG-3, and anti-CSF-1 monoclonal antibodies. The second patient, a 45-year-old with BRCA1-mutated TNBC, participated in a Phase II trial and received a combination of avelumab (anti-PD-L1) and talazoparib (PARP inhibitor). Both patients achieved a complete radiological response (CR), which has been maintained for 5 years. A literature review performed here identified seven additional long-term ICI responders in metastatic TNBC. While ICIs showed significant efficacy in some patients, variability in PD-L1 expression and TILs suggests that other factors may influence response. Two patients in previous studies discontinued ICIs after 2 years without progression, prompting questions about the optimal treatment duration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ICIs optimal treatment duration remains uncertain. Literature on metastatic melanoma suggests that discontinuing ICIs after a complete response rarely leads to recurrence. Prospective studies and emerging biomarkers, such as circulating tumor DNA, may help tailor treatment decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70397","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145457590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahui Ma, Fenghua Ma, Tingting Chen, Xin Lu, Yan Du, Xiaoni Yue
Background
Non-gestational choriocarcinoma (NGCC) is a rare type of malignant tumor. Primary lesions are typically detected in the ovary and rarely invade the corpus uteri and cervix. NGCC usually has a poor prognosis due to the difficulty in achieving early and accurate diagnoses because of its rarity.
Case
This case described a female who was initially diagnosed with gestational choriocarcinoma and treated with EMA-CO chemotherapy. However, subsequent short tandem repeat (STR) analysis confirmed the diagnosis as NGCC, prompting surgical intervention. Given her favorable response and after thorough communication, three additional cycles of EMA-CO chemotherapy were recommended. At her last follow-up, her human chorionic gonadotropin level had normalized.
Conclusion
This case presents a rare instance of NGCC with simultaneous uterine and cervical involvement, confirmed by STR analysis and successfully managed with the EMA-CO regime. It highlights the necessity of precise diagnosis and personalized treatment for effective management of this disease.
{"title":"Precision Diagnosis and Individualized Therapy of Non-Gestational Choriocarcinoma Invading the Corpus Uteri and Cervix: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Jiahui Ma, Fenghua Ma, Tingting Chen, Xin Lu, Yan Du, Xiaoni Yue","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70393","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70393","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-gestational choriocarcinoma (NGCC) is a rare type of malignant tumor. Primary lesions are typically detected in the ovary and rarely invade the corpus uteri and cervix. NGCC usually has a poor prognosis due to the difficulty in achieving early and accurate diagnoses because of its rarity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case described a female who was initially diagnosed with gestational choriocarcinoma and treated with EMA-CO chemotherapy. However, subsequent short tandem repeat (STR) analysis confirmed the diagnosis as NGCC, prompting surgical intervention. Given her favorable response and after thorough communication, three additional cycles of EMA-CO chemotherapy were recommended. At her last follow-up, her human chorionic gonadotropin level had normalized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case presents a rare instance of NGCC with simultaneous uterine and cervical involvement, confirmed by STR analysis and successfully managed with the EMA-CO regime. It highlights the necessity of precise diagnosis and personalized treatment for effective management of this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging evidence indicates that baseline use of certain concomitant drugs may affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 inhibitors, in patients with cancer. However, most previous studies have evaluated individual drug classes in isolation, without considering potential interactions among multiple drugs.
Aims
This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of commonly prescribed concomitant drugs on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 124 patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC who received first-line ICI-based treatments at a single institution. Drug exposure at treatment initiation was assessed for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), low-dose aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, biguanides, antibiotics, and probiotics. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression models.
Results
PPI use was independently associated with shorter PFS (HR: 2.44, p < 0.001) and OS (HR: 2.04, p = 0.01). In contrast, low-dose aspirin use was independently associated with longer PFS (HR: 0.31, p = 0.01). Patients receiving both PPIs and aspirin had longer PFS and OS compared to those receiving PPIs alone, although the differences were not statistically significant. No consistent associations were observed for other drugs. The incidence of irAEs was not significantly affected by concomitant drug use.
Conclusion
PPI use at baseline may be associated with reduced efficacy of ICI therapy in NSCLC patients. In contrast, low-dose aspirin use was independently associated with improved PFS, and may potentially mitigate the negative effects of PPIs. These findings underscore the importance of considering concomitant drug use when initiating ICI treatment. Prospective studies are needed to validate these observations and clarify underlying mechanisms.
{"title":"Effect of the Combination of Concomitant Drugs on Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"Masafumi Saiki, Kazuho Takusagawa, Nozomu Takahashi, Kenta Homma, Tsukasa Satoh, Satoshi Furuya, So Shimamura, Chisa Omori, Hiroki Ohkoshi, Yuki Hoshino, Yoshinori Uchida, Shinnosuke Ikemura, Kenzo Soejima","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70399","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70399","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging evidence indicates that baseline use of certain concomitant drugs may affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 inhibitors, in patients with cancer. However, most previous studies have evaluated individual drug classes in isolation, without considering potential interactions among multiple drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of commonly prescribed concomitant drugs on the efficacy and safety of ICI-based therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 124 patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC who received first-line ICI-based treatments at a single institution. Drug exposure at treatment initiation was assessed for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), low-dose aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, biguanides, antibiotics, and probiotics. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PPI use was independently associated with shorter PFS (HR: 2.44, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and OS (HR: 2.04, <i>p</i> = 0.01). In contrast, low-dose aspirin use was independently associated with longer PFS (HR: 0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Patients receiving both PPIs and aspirin had longer PFS and OS compared to those receiving PPIs alone, although the differences were not statistically significant. No consistent associations were observed for other drugs. The incidence of irAEs was not significantly affected by concomitant drug use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PPI use at baseline may be associated with reduced efficacy of ICI therapy in NSCLC patients. In contrast, low-dose aspirin use was independently associated with improved PFS, and may potentially mitigate the negative effects of PPIs. These findings underscore the importance of considering concomitant drug use when initiating ICI treatment. Prospective studies are needed to validate these observations and clarify underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) present significant management challenges as their constitutional symptoms greatly affect patients' quality of life. While current literature addresses hematological aspects, the full symptom burden and post-clinic challenges for adult patients, especially in outpatient settings, remain unclear.
Aims
To systematically identify and characterize the health distress and challenges experienced by patients with MPN in mainland China.
Methods and Results
This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with adults diagnosed with MPN (n = 26) to explore their experiences in the outpatient clinic. Colaizzi's descriptive framework guided transcript analysis. Four themes and 12 subthemes were identified: (1) living with the illness, (2) the Sword of Damocles, (3) role conflict, and (4) systemic barriers. These themes informed the development of a trajectory describing the physical and psychological experiences of MPN patients after outpatient visits.
Conclusion
Chinese MPN patients encounter significant health challenges, including persistent symptoms, psychological distress, social limitations, and inadequate self-management. A comprehensive understanding of their longitudinal experiences is essential for designing effective interventions. Additional research should focus on integrating biopsychosocial management into routine follow-up care.
{"title":"Health Distress and Challenges in Patients With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms During Follow-Up Consultations at the Outpatient Clinic: A Phenomenological Study","authors":"Yating Liu, Jinying Zhao, Qianqian Zhang, Qingyan Gao, Yayun Cao, Jia He, Lihua Han, Yandi Wang, Qian Yang, Wenjun Xie","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70373","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) present significant management challenges as their constitutional symptoms greatly affect patients' quality of life. While current literature addresses hematological aspects, the full symptom burden and post-clinic challenges for adult patients, especially in outpatient settings, remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To systematically identify and characterize the health distress and challenges experienced by patients with MPN in mainland China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with adults diagnosed with MPN (<i>n</i> = 26) to explore their experiences in the outpatient clinic. Colaizzi's descriptive framework guided transcript analysis. Four themes and 12 subthemes were identified: (1) living with the illness, (2) the Sword of Damocles, (3) role conflict, and (4) systemic barriers. These themes informed the development of a trajectory describing the physical and psychological experiences of MPN patients after outpatient visits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chinese MPN patients encounter significant health challenges, including persistent symptoms, psychological distress, social limitations, and inadequate self-management. A comprehensive understanding of their longitudinal experiences is essential for designing effective interventions. Additional research should focus on integrating biopsychosocial management into routine follow-up care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145457515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianghua Wu, Weiwei Zheng, Li Wang, Dan Lin, Zhaoxing Wu
Background
The 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), a critical enzyme catalyzing the final step of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, has gained attention for its potential role in tumorigenesis. This study systematically investigated the association between DHCR7 expression and oncogenic processes across multiple cancer types.
Methods
Multi-omics data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories. DHCR7 expression patterns were analyzed using Oncomine, TIMER, and GEPIA platforms. Prognostic significance was assessed via Kaplan–Meier plotter and GEPIA. Tumor stage correlations and immune/molecular subtype associations were evaluated using TISIDB. SangerBox facilitated analysis of DHCR7's associations with immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity (MATH), neoantigen load, and immune cell infiltration.
Results
DHCR7 exhibited significant overexpression in most malignancies, correlating with advanced tumor stage (p < 0.05), metastatic progression, and reduced overall survival (HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18–1.52). Strong associations emerged between DHCR7 expression and critical immunomodulatory parameters: positive correlations with ICPs (PD-L1: r = 0.62, CTLA4: r = 0.58). Significant links to TMB (p = 2.1e−5), MSI (p = 4.3e−4), and MATH (p = 7.8e−3). Distinct immune infiltration patterns, particularly in bladder carcinoma (BLCA), renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). Co-expression network analysis revealed DHCR7's involvement in immune response regulation (GO:0002764, FDR = 0.003), leukocyte differentiation (GO:0002521, FDR = 0.012), and angiogenesis (GO:0001525, FDR = 0.018).
Conclusions
These pan-cancer analyses identify DHCR7 as a multifaceted biomarker with dual prognostic and immunotherapeutic relevance. Its involvement in tumor immune microenvironment modulation suggests potential as a therapeutic target.
背景：7-脱氢胆固醇还原酶（DHCR7）是催化胆固醇生物合成途径最后一步的关键酶，因其在肿瘤发生中的潜在作用而受到关注。本研究系统地研究了DHCR7表达与多种癌症类型的致癌过程之间的关系。方法：从Cancer Genome Atlas （TCGA）和Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO）数据库中获取多组学数据。使用Oncomine、TIMER和GEPIA平台分析DHCR7的表达模式。通过Kaplan-Meier绘图仪和GEPIA评估预后意义。使用TISIDB评估肿瘤分期相关性和免疫/分子亚型相关性。SangerBox有助于分析DHCR7与免疫检查点（ICP）分子、肿瘤突变负担（TMB）、微卫星不稳定性（MSI）、突变等位基因肿瘤异质性（MATH）、新抗原负荷和免疫细胞浸润的关系。结果：DHCR7在大多数恶性肿瘤中表现出显著的过表达，与肿瘤晚期相关(p)。结论：这些泛癌症分析确定DHCR7是一个具有双重预后和免疫治疗相关性的多方面生物标志物。它参与肿瘤免疫微环境调节，提示其作为治疗靶点的潜力。
{"title":"DHCR7 as a Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker in Human Pan-Cancer: A Comprehensive Evaluation","authors":"Xianghua Wu, Weiwei Zheng, Li Wang, Dan Lin, Zhaoxing Wu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70376","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70376","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), a critical enzyme catalyzing the final step of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, has gained attention for its potential role in tumorigenesis. This study systematically investigated the association between DHCR7 expression and oncogenic processes across multiple cancer types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multi-omics data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories. DHCR7 expression patterns were analyzed using Oncomine, TIMER, and GEPIA platforms. Prognostic significance was assessed via Kaplan–Meier plotter and GEPIA. Tumor stage correlations and immune/molecular subtype associations were evaluated using TISIDB. SangerBox facilitated analysis of DHCR7's associations with immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity (MATH), neoantigen load, and immune cell infiltration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DHCR7 exhibited significant overexpression in most malignancies, correlating with advanced tumor stage (<i>p</i> < 0.05), metastatic progression, and reduced overall survival (HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18–1.52). Strong associations emerged between DHCR7 expression and critical immunomodulatory parameters: positive correlations with ICPs (PD-L1: <i>r</i> = 0.62, CTLA4: <i>r</i> = 0.58). Significant links to TMB (<i>p</i> = 2.1e−5), MSI (<i>p</i> = 4.3e−4), and MATH (<i>p</i> = 7.8e−3). Distinct immune infiltration patterns, particularly in bladder carcinoma (BLCA), renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). Co-expression network analysis revealed DHCR7's involvement in immune response regulation (GO:0002764, FDR = 0.003), leukocyte differentiation (GO:0002521, FDR = 0.012), and angiogenesis (GO:0001525, FDR = 0.018).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These pan-cancer analyses identify DHCR7 as a multifaceted biomarker with dual prognostic and immunotherapeutic relevance. Its involvement in tumor immune microenvironment modulation suggests potential as a therapeutic target.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70376","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145457523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, has established significant anticancer properties through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and signaling pathway modulation effects. However, due to the issues with absorption and insufficient bioavailability, its clinical usefulness is still restricted. The purpose of this review is to review quercetin's potential as a new supplemental treatment for cancer, with a focus on the myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (MerTK) pathway and the downstream signaling cascades. We study ways to improve its clinical usefulness by resolving its limitations.
Recent Findings
To examine research on quercetin's mechanisms of action, its impact on MerTK and downstream pathways, and the application of efficient drug delivery technologies, a thorough literature analysis was carried out. Quercetin effectively modulates MerTK-mediated signaling pathways, reducing tumor progression, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. It suppresses PD-L1 expression, inhibits cancer stem cell maintenance, and enhances apoptosis. Emerging evidence suggests nanoparticle-based delivery systems can improve querecetin's bioavailability, enabling its integration into combination therapies alongside MerTK inhibitors.
Conclusion
Quercetin holds great promise as a complementary therapeutic agent targeting MerTK and associated signaling pathways. Advanced delivery systems and combination strategies with MerTK inhibitors can overcome its clinical limitations and enhance its efficacy in cancer therapies. Future studies, particularly clinical trials, are needed to validate these findings and optimize quercetin's translational potential.
{"title":"Enhancing Chemosensitivity With Quercetin: Mechanistic Insights Into MerTK and Associated Signaling Pathways","authors":"Sorush Jafari, Sorayya Ghasemi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70370","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70370","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, has established significant anticancer properties through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and signaling pathway modulation effects. However, due to the issues with absorption and insufficient bioavailability, its clinical usefulness is still restricted. The purpose of this review is to review quercetin's potential as a new supplemental treatment for cancer, with a focus on the myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (MerTK) pathway and the downstream signaling cascades. We study ways to improve its clinical usefulness by resolving its limitations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine research on quercetin's mechanisms of action, its impact on MerTK and downstream pathways, and the application of efficient drug delivery technologies, a thorough literature analysis was carried out. Quercetin effectively modulates MerTK-mediated signaling pathways, reducing tumor progression, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. It suppresses PD-L1 expression, inhibits cancer stem cell maintenance, and enhances apoptosis. Emerging evidence suggests nanoparticle-based delivery systems can improve querecetin's bioavailability, enabling its integration into combination therapies alongside MerTK inhibitors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quercetin holds great promise as a complementary therapeutic agent targeting MerTK and associated signaling pathways. Advanced delivery systems and combination strategies with MerTK inhibitors can overcome its clinical limitations and enhance its efficacy in cancer therapies. Future studies, particularly clinical trials, are needed to validate these findings and optimize quercetin's translational potential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nkhensani C. Mashaba, Langanani Mbodi, Ellen M. Mapunda, Tanvier Omar, Derek S. Harrison
Background and Objectives
Existing literature on ovarian masses necessitating intervention in children by pediatric surgeons and gynecologists in Low- and Middle-Income Countries is sparse and lacks collaborative standardization in management between the two subspecialties. Therefore, this study seeks to assess the range of ovarian masses presenting to these two specialties and to explore variations in management.
Methods
A 15-year retrospective review of surgically biopsied or excised ovarian masses between subspecialties at two academic hospitals in Johannesburg.
Results
We identified 288 patients, six with bilateral disease and 294 ovarian masses. The mean age was 13.34 years (SD ±5.12). The most common presentation was abdominal pain in 149/288 (51.74%); 117 patients (40.62%) were from pediatric surgery and 171 (59.38%) from gynecology departments. There were 127/288 (44.09%) non-neoplastic and 161/288 (55.90%) neoplastic lesions, of which 110/161 (68.33%) were benign and 51/161 (31.67%) malignant. The neoplastic lesions consisted of 107/161 (66.45%) germ cells, 28/161 (17.39%) surface epithelial tumors, and 26/161 (16.14%) sex cord-stromal tumors. Ovarian-sparing surgery was done in 56/288 (19.44%) patients, 22/117 (18.80%) in pediatric surgery, and 34/171 (19.88%) in gynecology. Laparoscopy was done in 57/288 (19.79%) patients, 24/117 (20.51%) in pediatric surgery, and 19/171 (19.29%) in gynecology. The survival rate in benign masses was 100%, and 86.28% in malignancies.
Conclusion
This study highlights the diverse spectrum of ovarian masses managed by pediatric surgeons and gynecologists. A laparoscopic approach combined with ovarian preservation, which was comparable between specialties, should be the preferred method for managing benign lesions whenever feasible. These findings underscore the need for standardized, collaborative guidelines between pediatric surgeons and gynecologists to ensure consistent and optimal management of ovarian masses in children.
{"title":"Surgical Management of Ovarian Masses in Children: A Comparative Analysis by Pediatric Surgeons and Gynecologists at Two Academic Hospitals in Johannesburg","authors":"Nkhensani C. Mashaba, Langanani Mbodi, Ellen M. Mapunda, Tanvier Omar, Derek S. Harrison","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70396","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70396","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Existing literature on ovarian masses necessitating intervention in children by pediatric surgeons and gynecologists in Low- and Middle-Income Countries is sparse and lacks collaborative standardization in management between the two subspecialties. Therefore, this study seeks to assess the range of ovarian masses presenting to these two specialties and to explore variations in management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 15-year retrospective review of surgically biopsied or excised ovarian masses between subspecialties at two academic hospitals in Johannesburg.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 288 patients, six with bilateral disease and 294 ovarian masses. The mean age was 13.34 years (SD ±5.12). The most common presentation was abdominal pain in 149/288 (51.74%); 117 patients (40.62%) were from pediatric surgery and 171 (59.38%) from gynecology departments. There were 127/288 (44.09%) non-neoplastic and 161/288 (55.90%) neoplastic lesions, of which 110/161 (68.33%) were benign and 51/161 (31.67%) malignant. The neoplastic lesions consisted of 107/161 (66.45%) germ cells, 28/161 (17.39%) surface epithelial tumors, and 26/161 (16.14%) sex cord-stromal tumors. Ovarian-sparing surgery was done in 56/288 (19.44%) patients, 22/117 (18.80%) in pediatric surgery, and 34/171 (19.88%) in gynecology. Laparoscopy was done in 57/288 (19.79%) patients, 24/117 (20.51%) in pediatric surgery, and 19/171 (19.29%) in gynecology. The survival rate in benign masses was 100%, and 86.28% in malignancies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the diverse spectrum of ovarian masses managed by pediatric surgeons and gynecologists. A laparoscopic approach combined with ovarian preservation, which was comparable between specialties, should be the preferred method for managing benign lesions whenever feasible. These findings underscore the need for standardized, collaborative guidelines between pediatric surgeons and gynecologists to ensure consistent and optimal management of ovarian masses in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12587045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veronica Salvatore, Antonella Viola, Alessandra Spezzano, Alessandra Aquilino, Lorenzo Barili, Mariapia Caprino, Maria Floresta, Giulia Momoli, Alessandra Romiti, Giulia Scurria, Martina Sirna, Alexandro Paccapelo, Margherita Nannini, Andrea Ardizzoni, Fabrizio Giostra
Objectives
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening, dysfunctional body-response to infection. Procalcitonin (PCT) is considered a marker of sepsis due to bacterial infections and it has been extensively used as a guide to antimicrobial management in the general population. The clinical role of PCT in cancer patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) for infection is still little researched.
Methods
A prospective observational study enrolling all adult patients hospitalized for infection referred to the ED of IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna between February 1st, 2023 and July 31st, 2023 was conducted. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the accuracy of PCT in the diagnosis of sepsis (defined according to the latest guidelines) in patients with cancer in comparison to non-cancer patients.
Results
1041 out of 1125 eligible patients were enrolled (559 males and 482 females), out of whom 289 (27.8%) had active cancer. PCT levels differed between cancer and non-cancer patients (1 ng/mL with IQR 5.85 vs. 0.6 ng/mL with IQR 2.7; p < 0.001). The AUROC of PCT for the diagnosis of sepsis in the entire enrolled population was 0.717 (95% CI 0.683–0.745), whereas it was 0.655 (95% CI 0.592–0.718) in cancer patients and 0.743 (95% CI 0.708–0.778) in non-cancer patients (p = 0.016). A PCT cut-off of 0.5 ng/mL (PCT ≥ 0.5 ng/mL) confirmed its accuracy for predicting sepsis in non-cancer patients (sensitivity 71.5%, specificity 64.1%) but the specificity fell to 44.7% in cancer patients, although sensitivity remained good (sensitivity 78.9%). Conversely, a higher PCT cut-off of 1 ng/mL, as the most accurate threshold identified in the present study in the cancer population, showed a sensitivity of 66.9% and specificity of 61.2% in predicting sepsis in cancer patients.
Conclusion
Our study confirms the clinical role of PCT as a part of the diagnostic algorithm for sepsis but its diagnostic role is sub optimal in cancer patients.
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Procalcitonin in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Cancer Patients Hospitalized for Infection","authors":"Veronica Salvatore, Antonella Viola, Alessandra Spezzano, Alessandra Aquilino, Lorenzo Barili, Mariapia Caprino, Maria Floresta, Giulia Momoli, Alessandra Romiti, Giulia Scurria, Martina Sirna, Alexandro Paccapelo, Margherita Nannini, Andrea Ardizzoni, Fabrizio Giostra","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70384","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening, dysfunctional body-response to infection. Procalcitonin (PCT) is considered a marker of sepsis due to bacterial infections and it has been extensively used as a guide to antimicrobial management in the general population. The clinical role of PCT in cancer patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) for infection is still little researched.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective observational study enrolling all adult patients hospitalized for infection referred to the ED of IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna between February 1st, 2023 and July 31st, 2023 was conducted. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the accuracy of PCT in the diagnosis of sepsis (defined according to the latest guidelines) in patients with cancer in comparison to non-cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1041 out of 1125 eligible patients were enrolled (559 males and 482 females), out of whom 289 (27.8%) had active cancer. PCT levels differed between cancer and non-cancer patients (1 ng/mL with IQR 5.85 vs. 0.6 ng/mL with IQR 2.7; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The AUROC of PCT for the diagnosis of sepsis in the entire enrolled population was 0.717 (95% CI 0.683–0.745), whereas it was 0.655 (95% CI 0.592–0.718) in cancer patients and 0.743 (95% CI 0.708–0.778) in non-cancer patients (<i>p</i> = 0.016). A PCT cut-off of 0.5 ng/mL (PCT ≥ 0.5 ng/mL) confirmed its accuracy for predicting sepsis in non-cancer patients (sensitivity 71.5%, specificity 64.1%) but the specificity fell to 44.7% in cancer patients, although sensitivity remained good (sensitivity 78.9%). Conversely, a higher PCT cut-off of 1 ng/mL, as the most accurate threshold identified in the present study in the cancer population, showed a sensitivity of 66.9% and specificity of 61.2% in predicting sepsis in cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study confirms the clinical role of PCT as a part of the diagnostic algorithm for sepsis but its diagnostic role is sub optimal in cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12587164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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