Cancer reports最新文献_第8页

Comparison of Gastric Cancer Models Using Different Dimensions In Vitro 不同尺寸胃癌体外模型的比较

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70401

Wenhui Zheng, Yubiao Lin, Lulin Ji, Lihua Feng, Xin Fan, Zhigao Zheng, Yingqin Gao, Kaida Huang, Guoqin Qiu, Yide Chen, Fanghong Luo, Shuitu Feng

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide due to its late stage of diagnosis. More efficacious models are required to serve as experimental representatives to enhance the effectiveness of various drugs, select suitable treatment regimens for patients, and further investigate the molecular pathological mechanism of GC.

Aims

This study utilized four GC cell lines and patient-derived tumor cells (PDTCs) to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the 2D, spheroid, and organoid models, reveal the growth characteristics, drug sensitivity differences, and potential mechanisms of GC cells in different culture models, so as to promote the development of GC models.

Methods and Results

A series of experimental approaches were employed, encompassing but not limited to cell growth assessments, drug sensitivity assays, and RNA-sequencing analyses. We demonstrated that the 3D models are more like human tumor tissues in terms of tissue structure and spatial structure. Notably, there are also differences between different 3D models. The results clearly indicate that the sizes of organoids and spheroids differ significantly. The spheroid model had the lowest growth rate among the three models. However, the organoid model achieved the highest cell growth rate among the three models. This may be because the organoid showed significant PI3K/PTEN signaling pathway activation and low expression of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved PARp. Through RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that the biosynthesis and metabolism of the 3D model were higher than those of the 2D model, which may be one of the reasons for the drug resistance of the 3D model. The spheroid model had the lowest drug sensitivity among the three models. We found that the spheroid model had higher expression of metabolic-related molecules, followed by the organoid model and then the 2D model.

Conclusion

Our results show a gap among the three models in the growth characteristics, tissue structure, hypoxia, anti-apoptotic features, signal pathway expression level, and drug sensitivity evaluation of GC cells. These results will further promote the development of GC models.

背景胃癌（GC）是世界范围内最常见的癌症之一，因为它的诊断阶段较晚。需要更有效的模型作为实验代表，增强各种药物的有效性，为患者选择合适的治疗方案，并进一步探讨GC的分子病理机制。目的本研究利用4种GC细胞系和患者源性肿瘤细胞（patient-derived tumor cells, PDTCs），探讨2D、球形和类器官模型的优缺点，揭示GC细胞在不同培养模型中的生长特点、药物敏感性差异及潜在机制，促进GC模型的发展。方法和结果采用了一系列实验方法，包括但不限于细胞生长评估、药物敏感性测试和rna测序分析。我们证明了三维模型在组织结构和空间结构上更接近人类肿瘤组织。值得注意的是，不同的3D模型之间也存在差异。结果清楚地表明，类器官和球体的大小有显著差异。三种模型中，球体模型的增长率最低。然而，类器官模型的细胞生长速度在三种模型中最高。这可能是因为类器官表现出明显的PI3K/PTEN信号通路激活和凋亡相关蛋白cleaved PARp的低表达。通过rna测序分析，我们发现3D模型的生物合成和代谢高于2D模型，这可能是3D模型耐药的原因之一。三种模型中，球形模型的药物敏感性最低。我们发现球形模型代谢相关分子的表达较高，其次是类器官模型，然后是二维模型。结论三种模型在GC细胞的生长特征、组织结构、缺氧、抗凋亡特征、信号通路表达水平、药敏评价等方面存在一定的差异。这些结果将进一步推动GC模型的发展。

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引用次数: 0

First Comprehensive Assessment of Quality of Life in Cancer Patients in Afghanistan: Insights From Herat Regional Hospital 阿富汗癌症患者生活质量的首次综合评估：来自赫拉特地区医院的见解

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70404

Ali Rahimi, Enayatollah Ejaz, Farooq Ahmad Saddiqi, Mohammad Masudi, Musa Joya, Nasar Ahmad Shayan

<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>This study marks the first extensive evaluation of quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients in Afghanistan, carried out at the Oncology Department of Herat Regional Hospital. Its primary objective was to assess the QoL of cancer patients and to determine key factors influencing it, utilizing the validated European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 instrument.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>The study aimed to determine overall QoL levels among Afghan cancer patients and to examine the impact of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including disease stage and gender differences, on functional and symptom related domains.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods and Results</h3> <p>A total of 230 patients diagnosed with cancer participated in this cross-sectional survey conducted between February and May 2024. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profiles were collected, and QoL outcomes were examined across both functional and symptom-related domains. The findings indicated that esophageal and gastric cancers were the most common types observed, with the majority of patients presenting at stage two of the disease. Among the functional domains, cognitive functioning received the highest scores, whereas social functioning scored the lowest. Financial hardship emerged as the most burdensome symptom reported. Disease progression, marked by advancing cancer stages, was associated with significant declines in physical and role functioning, along with increases in symptoms such as dyspnea and insomnia. Gender differences were notable, with male patients reporting higher overall QoL compared to female patients. Economic challenges were found to have a considerable negative effect on QoL outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>As a pioneering study in Afghanistan, these results emphasize the pressing need for interventions that address the physical, psychological, and economic hardships faced by cancer patients. The study further stresses the importance of promoting early diagnosis, developing individualized treatment plans, and providing comprehensive supportive care to enhance patient well-being. These insights offer a foundation for developing cancer care policies and integrating standardized QoL assessment tools within clinical practice in Afghanistan and similar resource-limited environments. These findings provide crucial evidence for policymakers to develop targeted, gender-sensitive interventions to mitigate financia

本研究标志着阿富汗赫拉特地区医院肿瘤科对癌症患者的生活质量（QoL）进行的首次广泛评估。其主要目的是利用经验证的欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织（EORTC） QLQ-C30仪器，评估癌症患者的生活质量并确定影响其生活质量的关键因素。该研究旨在确定阿富汗癌症患者的总体生活质量水平，并研究社会人口学和临床特征（包括疾病阶段和性别差异）对功能和症状相关领域的影响。方法与结果在2024年2月至5月期间，共有230名确诊为癌症的患者参与了这项横断面调查。收集有关社会人口学特征和临床概况的数据，并在功能和症状相关领域检查生活质量结果。研究结果表明，食管癌和胃癌是最常见的类型，大多数患者在疾病的第二阶段出现。在功能领域中，认知功能得分最高，而社会功能得分最低。经济困难是报告中最严重的症状。以癌症进展为标志的疾病进展，伴随着身体和角色功能的显著下降，以及呼吸困难和失眠等症状的增加。性别差异显著，男性患者报告的总体生活质量高于女性患者。经济挑战被发现对生活质量结果有相当大的负面影响。作为一项在阿富汗开展的开创性研究，这些结果强调了采取干预措施解决癌症患者所面临的生理、心理和经济困难的迫切需要。该研究进一步强调了促进早期诊断，制定个性化治疗计划和提供全面支持护理以提高患者福祉的重要性。这些见解为在阿富汗和类似资源有限的环境中制定癌症护理政策和整合标准化生活质量评估工具提供了基础。这些发现为政策制定者制定有针对性的、对性别问题敏感的干预措施提供了重要证据，以减轻阿富汗脆弱的卫生系统的财政毒性并改善支持性护理。

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引用次数: 0

Brain Metastases in Cervical Cancer: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Incidence and Clinicopathological Features 宫颈癌脑转移：发病率和临床病理特征的全球系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70405

Kimia Pakdaman, Amirhossein Alizadeh-Nodehi, Amir-Hossein Lashkarbolouki, Amin Esmaeilnia Shirvani, Kasra Pakdaman, Saba Sahraian, Hossein-Ali Nikbakht, Mosua Yeminfroz, Pouyan Ebrahimi

Background

Cervical cancer (CC) remains the fourth most prevalent malignancy among women globally, with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries, where it is often diagnosed at advanced or metastatic stages.

Aims

Despite an increasing number of case reports and institutional studies on brain metastases (BMs) arising from CC, current understanding of their epidemiology, clinical presentation, and prognostic implications remains fragmented and lacks comprehensive synthesis.

Methods

We executed a systematic and unrestricted search of five major databases, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering all records up to April 19, 2025. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they provided a clear report on the incidence of BMs among CC patients. The quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were independently appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment criteria. For statistical analysis, we utilized STATA version 17, implementing random-effects meta-analytical models to estimate the aggregated incidence along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

A total of 17 studies encompassing 33 datasets were included in the final analysis. The global pooled incidence of BMs among cervical cancer patients was estimated at 0.65% (95% CI: 0.46–0.85). Incidence was highest in Turkey (1.83%, 95% CI: 0.91–2.75) and lowest in South Africa (0.22%, 95% CI: 0.0–0.47). Among histologic subtypes, neuroendocrine carcinoma exhibited the highest pooled incidence of BMs at 10.60% (95% CI: 0.0–21.63), followed by adenocarcinoma at 0.89% (95% CI: 0.14–1.64). The pooled mean survival time following the diagnosis of BMs was 6.80 months (95% CI: 5.08–8.52), while the mean interval from the initial cervical cancer diagnosis to the development of BMs was 28.15 months (95% CI: 24.27–32.03).

Conclusion

Although BMs in cervical cancer are rare, they are associated with dismal survival outcomes and poor prognosis. These findings underscore the importance of vigilant surveillance in high-risk patients and may inform the development of more targeted and effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.

宫颈癌（CC）仍然是全球妇女中第四大最常见的恶性肿瘤，在低收入和中等收入国家造成了不成比例的负担，在这些国家，宫颈癌通常在晚期或转移期被诊断出来。尽管关于CC引起的脑转移的病例报告和机构研究越来越多，但目前对其流行病学、临床表现和预后影响的理解仍然是碎片化的，缺乏全面的综合。方法系统、无限制地检索PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Embase、Web of Science、谷歌Scholar五大数据库，检索截止到2025年4月19日的所有记录。如果研究提供了CC患者脑转移发生率的明确报告，则有资格纳入。所选研究的质量和偏倚风险采用乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）的评估标准进行独立评估。对于统计分析，我们使用STATA版本17，实施随机效应元分析模型来估计总发病率以及相应的95%置信区间（ci）。结果共纳入17项研究，包括33个数据集。宫颈癌患者脑转移的全球总发病率估计为0.65% （95% CI: 0.46-0.85）。土耳其的发病率最高（1.83%,95% CI: 0.91-2.75），南非最低（0.22%,95% CI: 0.0-0.47）。在组织学亚型中，神经内分泌癌的脑转移发生率最高，为10.60% (95% CI: 0.0-21.63)，其次是腺癌，为0.89% （95% CI: 0.14-1.64）。诊断为脑转移后的合并平均生存时间为6.80个月（95% CI: 5.08-8.52），而从最初的宫颈癌诊断到脑转移发展的平均时间间隔为28.15个月（95% CI: 24.27-32.03）。结论宫颈癌脑转移虽罕见，但预后差，生存预后差。这些发现强调了对高危患者进行警惕监测的重要性，并可能为制定更有针对性和更有效的治疗和预防策略提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Associations Between Cigarette Smoking and Poor Sleep Among Adults With a Lifetime Cancer Diagnosis 终身癌症患者吸烟与睡眠质量差之间的关系

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70386

Nazife Pehlivan, Andrea Villanti, Michael B. Steinberg, Ho Kim, Tanya R. Schlam, Chaelin K. Ra

Background

Poor sleep is associated with cigarette smoking and cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the contribution of smoking to poor sleep following a cancer diagnosis.

Methods

Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 6183), multivariable Poisson regression models estimated the associations between lifetime cancer diagnosis, cigarette smoking, and poor sleep, controlling for covariates and evaluating interactions between smoking and cancer diagnosis.

Results

Among adults, 11.6% reported a lifetime cancer diagnosis, and 13.3% of those reported current cigarette smoking. Adults with a cancer diagnosis who smoked had a higher prevalence of inappropriate sleep duration (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio, APR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.13) and snorting/stop breathing (APR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41) than those without a cancer diagnosis who don't smoke.

Conclusion

Smoking among adults with a lifetime cancer diagnosis is correlated with poor sleep, highlighting the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions to improve sleep health in this population.

背景：睡眠质量差与吸烟和癌症诊断有关，但对于癌症诊断后吸烟对睡眠质量差的影响知之甚少。方法：利用全国健康与营养调查（N = 6183），采用多变量泊松回归模型估计终生癌症诊断、吸烟和睡眠不良之间的关系，控制协变量，评估吸烟与癌症诊断之间的相互作用。结果：在成年人中，11.6%的人报告一生中患有癌症，其中13.3%的人报告目前吸烟。被诊断为癌症的成年人中，吸烟的人睡眠时间不适当的患病率（调整患病率比，APR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.13）和吸鼻/停止呼吸（APR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41）高于未被诊断为癌症但不吸烟的人。结论：终身癌症诊断的成年人吸烟与睡眠质量差相关，强调有针对性的戒烟干预措施以改善这一人群的睡眠健康的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Oncological Outcome for 83 Consecutive Patients With Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors Treated at a Tertiary Referral Centre 在三级转诊中心治疗的83例恶性周围神经鞘肿瘤患者的肿瘤预后。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70406

Hannah V. M. Yeomans, Kira C. Lloyd, Felix Haglund de Flon, Sharmineh Mansoori, Panagiotis Tsagkozis, Christina M. Linder Stragliotto

Background

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft tissue sarcomas with a high risk of recurrence and a poor prognosis, and there is a lack of knowledge regarding long-term follow-up and response to oncological treatment.

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate what treatment the patients received and to examine the outcome for patients with MPNST.

Methods and Results

This is a retrospective study of patients treated for MPNST at Karolinska University Hospital between 2003 and 2022. Data regarding surgical and oncological treatment and follow-up were collected. Eighty-three patients were identified and included in the study. Tumor grade is available for 72 patients, of which 64 had high-grade tumors. Seventy-nine patients were primarily operated on. Twelve patients presented with distant metastases at diagnosis. Another 37 patients developed local recurrence or distant metastases during follow-up; the median time from surgery to recurrence was 10.5 months (1–95 months, n = 36). The overall mortality rate during the study period was 44% (n = 82). Twenty-seven patients received palliative systemic treatment. The most used therapy for first-line palliative systemic treatment was doxorubicin and ifosfamide. The disease control rate for first-line treatment was 33% (n = 21). The mean overall survival for the cohort was 132 months (95% CI 107–157 months).

Conclusion

Forty-five percent of the patients in this material were diagnosed with recurrent disease and most patients treated with palliative systemic therapy experienced brief disease control following treatment. Among patients with MPNST treated with first-line palliative oncological treatment, doxorubicin and ifosfamide have the highest disease control rates. The study also identified a few patients with long-term treatment responses, with four patients alive more than 2 years after starting palliative oncological treatment.

背景：恶性周围神经鞘肿瘤（MPNSTs）是一种罕见的软组织肉瘤，复发风险高，预后差，缺乏长期随访和肿瘤治疗反应的知识。目的：本研究的目的是调查患者接受了什么治疗，并检查MPNST患者的预后。方法和结果：这是一项回顾性研究，研究对象是2003年至2022年在卡罗林斯卡大学医院接受MPNST治疗的患者。收集手术、肿瘤治疗及随访资料。83名患者被确定并纳入研究。72例患者的肿瘤分级，其中64例为高级别肿瘤。79例患者接受了主要手术。12例患者在诊断时出现远处转移。随访期间局部复发或远处转移37例；从手术到复发的中位时间为10.5个月（1-95个月，n = 36）。研究期间的总死亡率为44% （n = 82）。27例患者接受了全身姑息治疗。一线姑息性全身治疗中最常用的是阿霉素和异环磷酰胺。一线治疗的疾病控制率为33% （n = 21）。该队列的平均总生存期为132个月（95% CI 107-157个月）。结论：45%的患者被诊断为复发性疾病，大多数接受姑息性全身治疗的患者在治疗后经历了短暂的疾病控制。在接受一线姑息性肿瘤治疗的MPNST患者中，阿霉素和异环磷酰胺的疾病控制率最高。该研究还确定了一些有长期治疗反应的患者，有4名患者在开始姑息性肿瘤治疗后存活了2年以上。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of Active Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) Infections and Patient Reported Fatigue in Ovarian Cancer Survivors 卵巢癌幸存者巨细胞病毒（CMV）和eb病毒（EBV）感染和患者报告疲劳的评估

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70380

Xuan Li, Katherine Brown, Kate Honeyfield, Devon Hunter-Schlichting, Morgan Gruner, Mark Blackstad, Mark R. Schleiss, Deanna Teoh, Melissa A. Geller, Heather H. Nelson, Rachel I. Vogel

Background

Fatigue is a common symptom reported by individuals treated for ovarian cancer. The objective of this study was to determine whether fatigue following chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is related to biomarkers of active cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among individuals diagnosed with ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer in Minnesota who had completed frontline chemotherapy, irrespective of current treatment status. Participants completed a survey and provided a blood sample. The primary exposures of interest were active CMV or EBV infections, determined by measuring CMV and EBV DNA levels in plasma (DNAemia). We also assessed serology-based markers of CMV infection and quantified levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), as a biomarker of systemic inflammation. Symptoms of fatigue were self-reported using the Fatigue Symptom Inventory. We examined associations between fatigue symptoms and CMV and EBV by infection status, with and without inflammation, using two-sided t-tests and multivariable linear regression models accounting for confounding factors.

Results

Among the 160 eligible participants, 64 (40.0%) demonstrated CMV DNAemia+, 56 (35.0%) had EBV DNAemia+, and 32 (20.0%) were positive for both. There were no significant associations between CMV or EBV DNAemia and fatigue. Similarly, CMV IgG and hsCRP status, alone or combined with CMV status, were not associated with fatigue scores.

Conclusion

We did not observe associations between CMV DNAemia, EBV DNAemia, or hsCRP and fatigue in this survivor population. Further investigation is needed to identify causes and indicators of cancer-related fatigue following treatment for ovarian cancer.

背景：疲劳是卵巢癌患者的常见症状。本研究的目的是确定卵巢癌化疗后的疲劳是否与活性巨细胞病毒（CMV）或eb病毒（EBV）感染的生物标志物有关。方法：我们在明尼苏达州诊断为卵巢癌、原发性腹膜癌或输卵管癌的患者中进行了一项横断面研究，这些患者已完成一线化疗，无论目前的治疗状况如何。参与者完成了一项调查并提供了血液样本。通过测定血浆中巨细胞病毒和EBV DNA水平（脱氧核糖核酸血症），主要暴露于活跃的巨细胞病毒或EBV感染。我们还评估了基于血清学的巨细胞病毒感染标志物，并量化了作为全身性炎症生物标志物的高敏c反应蛋白（hsCRP）水平。使用疲劳症状量表自我报告疲劳症状。我们使用双侧t检验和考虑混杂因素的多变量线性回归模型，通过感染状态、有无炎症来检验疲劳症状与巨细胞病毒和EBV之间的关系。结果：在160名符合条件的参与者中，64名（40.0%）患有CMV DNAemia+， 56名（35.0%）患有EBV DNAemia+， 32名（20.0%）两者均阳性。巨细胞病毒或EBV脱氧核糖核酸病毒血症与疲劳之间没有显著关联。同样，CMV IgG和hsCRP状态，单独或联合CMV状态，与疲劳评分无关。结论：我们没有观察到CMV dna血症、EBV dna血症或hsCRP与幸存者人群疲劳之间的关联。需要进一步的调查来确定卵巢癌治疗后癌症相关疲劳的原因和指标。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a Predictive Model for Large-Volume Pleural Effusion After Separation Surgery in Patients With Spinal Metastatic Tumors 脊柱转移性肿瘤患者分离手术后大容量胸腔积液预测模型的建立。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70368

Haochen Mou, Keyi Wang, Hao Qu, Yaling Jiang, Meng Liu, Xiaobo Yan, Xin Huang, Nong Lin, Zhaoming Ye

Background

Separation surgery followed by radiotherapy has emerged as a prevalent approach for managing spinal metastatic tumors. However, large-volume postoperative pleural effusion (POPE) represents a challenging complication, as it potentially delays subsequent treatments and increases morbidity. This study aims to identify risk factors for large-volume POPE and develop a predictive model for early identification to improve patient prognosis.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed 443 patients who underwent separation surgery for spinal metastases at our center between January 2014 and January 2022. High-resolution CT-based 3D modeling was utilized for accurate pleural effusion (PE) volume quantification. Variables including patient demographics, surgical details, and laboratory results were examined to identify risk factors associated with large-volume POPE (≥ 1000 mL). A predictive nomogram was developed based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

Our findings indicated that advanced age, increased intraoperative blood loss, and decreased levels of preoperative serum albumin, postoperative serum protein, and hemoglobin were significant independent risk factors for large-volume POPE. The predictive nomogram demonstrated high accuracy, with a mean AUC value of 0.953 for the training dataset and 0.927 for the testing dataset, indicating reliable predictability for identifying patients at high risk for large-volume POPE.

Conclusion

Our study identified independent risk factors for large-volume PE following separation surgery in patients with spinal metastasis. The developed nomogram offers a practical tool for early identification of high-risk groups, enabling timely and targeted interventions. By reducing the risk of large POPE, this approach may shorten hospitalization and accelerate the resumption of postoperative treatment, ultimately improving patient prognosis.

背景：分离手术后放射治疗已成为治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤的普遍方法。然而，术后大量胸腔积液（POPE）是一种具有挑战性的并发症，因为它可能会延迟后续治疗并增加发病率。本研究旨在识别大容量教皇的危险因素，并建立早期识别的预测模型，以改善患者预后。方法：本回顾性研究分析了2014年1月至2022年1月期间在我中心接受脊柱转移分离手术的443例患者。基于高分辨率ct的三维建模用于准确定量胸腔积液（PE）体积。检查了包括患者人口统计学、手术细节和实验室结果在内的变量，以确定与大容量POPE（≥1000ml）相关的危险因素。在多元逻辑回归分析的基础上，建立了一个预测模态图。结果：我们的研究结果表明，高龄、术中出血量增加、术前血清白蛋白、术后血清蛋白和血红蛋白水平下降是大容量教皇的重要独立危险因素。预测nomogram具有较高的准确度，训练数据集的平均AUC值为0.953，测试数据集的平均AUC值为0.927，表明对于识别大容量POPE的高风险患者具有可靠的可预测性。结论：我们的研究确定了脊柱转移患者分离手术后发生大体积PE的独立危险因素。开发的nomogram为早期识别高危人群提供了一种实用的工具，使及时和有针对性的干预成为可能。由于降低了大POPE的风险，这种方法可以缩短住院时间，加快术后治疗的恢复，最终改善患者的预后。

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引用次数: 0

Correction to “Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes and Treatment Complications in Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis” 修正“毛细胞白血病的临床结局和治疗并发症评价：单中心回顾性分析”。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70392

M. Garcia Fasanella, A. Mozos, J. Briones, J. F. Nomdedeu, and S. Novelli, “Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes and Treatment Complications in Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis,” Cancer Reports 8, no. 10 (2025): e70356, https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70356.

The authors would like to add an Acknowledgments section to the above-mentioned article. The Acknowledgments section is shown below:

Acknowledgments

We thank CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support.

We apologize for this error.

M. Garcia Fasanella， A. Mozos， J. Briones， J. F. Nomdedeu， S. Novelli，“毛细胞白血病的临床疗效和治疗并发症：单中心回顾性分析”，《癌症杂志》，第8期。10 (2025): e70356, https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70356.The作者希望在上述文章中添加致谢部分。致谢部分如下所示：致谢致谢我们感谢CERCA项目/加泰罗尼亚总政府的机构支持。我们为这个错误道歉。

引用次数: 0

Exploring Challenges Related to Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Among Females in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study 探索与巴基斯坦女性乳腺癌化疗相关的挑战：一项定性研究

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70381

Rehana Sarwat, Muhammad Amir Hamza, Ayesha Azam, Bushra Batool Zahra, Muhammad Amer, Zakir Khan, Maryam Mahmood, Ali Ahmed

Background

With the increased rate of breast cancer affecting one in every nine women in Pakistan, breast cancer treatment, particularly chemotherapy, is often very challenging for patients.

Aims

This study aims to explore chemotherapy related-challenges among females in Pakistan.

Methods

Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 40 post-chemotherapy females at the tertiary care setting in Islamabad, Pakistan, from February 2024 to April 2024, using a purposive sampling technique. Each 15–20 min interview was audio recorded in the national language (Urdu), transcribed, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results

The study included women with an average age of 47 years; most were married (n = 33), had primary education (n = 13), were unemployed (n = 35), and had a low family income (n = 36). Overall, participants reported hair loss (n = 35), darkened nails (n = 26), mouth sores (n = 24), weakness (n = 21), vomiting (n = 20), diarrhea (n = 15), constipation (n = 13), and various other effects. Participants experienced significant physical challenges, psychological impact, economic strain, and informational challenges. However, coping strategies such as alternative treatments, staying motivated, managing side effects, and support from friends and family helped patients effectively deal with their chemotherapy.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the need for financial support programs and government interventions to enhance the affordability of chemotherapy treatment. Furthermore, this study implies that healthcare professionals improve patient outcomes by counseling them about chemotherapy and its possible side effects before the treatment begins.

背景：随着巴基斯坦每9名妇女中就有1人患乳腺癌，乳腺癌治疗，特别是化疗，对患者来说往往是非常具有挑战性的。目的：本研究旨在探讨巴基斯坦女性化疗相关挑战。方法：采用有目的抽样方法，于2024年2月至2024年4月对巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡三级医疗机构的40名化疗后女性进行半结构化面对面访谈。每次15-20分钟的访谈用本国语言（乌尔都语）录音，转录，并使用主题分析方法进行分析。结果：研究纳入的女性平均年龄为47岁；大多数人已婚（n = 33），受过初等教育（n = 13），失业（n = 35），家庭收入较低（n = 36）。总的来说，参与者报告了脱发（n = 35）、指甲变黑（n = 26）、口腔溃疡（n = 24）、虚弱（n = 21）、呕吐（n = 20）、腹泻（n = 15）、便秘（n = 13）和各种其他影响。参与者经历了重大的身体挑战、心理影响、经济压力和信息挑战。然而，诸如替代疗法、保持动力、控制副作用以及朋友和家人的支持等应对策略帮助患者有效地应对化疗。结论：我们的研究结果强调了财政支持计划和政府干预的必要性，以提高化疗治疗的可负担性。此外，这项研究表明，医疗保健专业人员通过在治疗开始前就化疗及其可能的副作用向患者提供咨询来改善患者的预后。

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引用次数: 0

Real-World Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analyzing Patient-Specific Factors Influencing Survival and Response Rate 免疫检查点抑制剂在头颈部鳞状细胞癌中的实际结果：分析影响生存和应答率的患者特异性因素。

IF 1.9 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70369

Lena Huber, Constanze Kohler, Anne Lammert, Claudia Scherl, Sonja Ludwig, Annette Affolter, Nicole Rotter, Frederic Jungbauer

Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a globally significant disease with poor survival outcomes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab have improved treatment paradigms, yet their real-world efficacy and the factors influencing treatment outcomes remain underexplored.

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate real-world outcomes of pembrolizumab and nivolumab therapy in patients with HNSCC and to identify clinical and laboratory factors associated with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Methods and Results

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 45 HNSCC patients treated with pembrolizumab or nivolumab at the University Medical Center Mannheim. Patient-specific factors, including tumor characteristics, PD-L1 expression, and laboratory parameters, were assessed using Kaplan–Meier estimation, log-rank tests, and multivariate regression models. The median OS and PFS were 10.4 months and 7.4 months, respectively, with an ORR of 22%. A tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥ 50% and absence of smoking or alcohol abuse significantly improved ORR, while female sex, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and elevated leukocyte counts were associated with inferior OS and PFS. Real-world outcomes largely aligned with the pivotal trials Keynote-048 and CheckMate 141.

Conclusion

This study underscores the predictive value of TPS and patient lifestyle factors in ICI treatment for HNSCC. The findings also highlight sex-specific differences, as well as NLR and leukocyte count as potential prognostic factors. Larger, more diverse cohorts are needed to confirm these results and refine patient selection strategies.

背景：头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是一种全球重要的疾病，生存预后较差。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）如派姆单抗和纳武单抗改善了治疗范例，但其实际疗效和影响治疗结果的因素仍未得到充分探讨。目的：本研究旨在评估派姆单抗和纳武单抗治疗HNSCC患者的实际结果，并确定与总生存期（OS）、无进展生存期（PFS）和客观缓解率（ORR）相关的临床和实验室因素。方法和结果：我们对在曼海姆大学医学中心接受派姆单抗或纳武单抗治疗的45例HNSCC患者进行了回顾性分析。使用Kaplan-Meier估计、log-rank检验和多变量回归模型评估患者特异性因素，包括肿瘤特征、PD-L1表达和实验室参数。中位OS和PFS分别为10.4个月和7.4个月，ORR为22%。肿瘤比例评分(TPS)≥50%和不吸烟或不酗酒可显著改善ORR，而女性、高中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率（NLR）和白细胞计数升高与较差的OS和PFS相关。实际结果与关键试验Keynote-048和CheckMate 141基本一致。结论：本研究强调了TPS和患者生活方式因素对恶性鳞癌ICI治疗的预测价值。研究结果还强调了性别特异性差异，以及NLR和白细胞计数作为潜在的预后因素。需要更大、更多样化的队列来证实这些结果并完善患者选择策略。

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引用次数: 0