Meiotic chromosomes of a cockroach field strain that is highly resistant to several insecticides were compared with those of a susceptible field strain. The resistant strain was characterized by ex...
{"title":"Cytogenetics of Blattella germanica: comparison of an insecticide-resistant and an insecticide-susceptible field strain","authors":"M. Ross","doi":"10.1139/G86-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-116","url":null,"abstract":"Meiotic chromosomes of a cockroach field strain that is highly resistant to several insecticides were compared with those of a susceptible field strain. The resistant strain was characterized by ex...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"41 1","pages":"835-843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81269323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wounded petiole surfaces of excised soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) leaves of 'Peking' formed neoplastic growths testing positive for opines after inoculation with a tumorigenic strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. During the 48-h inoculation period, uninoculated explants and explants inoculated with A136 (avirulent), A208 (tumorigenic), and ASE1-200 (nontumorigenic) strains of A. tumefaciens showed initiation of mitotic activity at the wound surface conforming with classical descriptions of the wound response; however, shortly after explant transfer to tissue culture medium, morphogenetic patterns in explants inoculated with tumorigenic A. tumefaciens deviated from the uninoculated and A136 inoculated controls. This developmental deviation was correlated to the presence of the Ti plasmid in the bacterium. Explants inoculated with nontumorigenic A. tumefaciens showed a morphogenetic pattern intermediate between the controls and explants inoculated with tumorigenic bacteria. This suggests that the latter ...
大豆叶柄表面损伤(Glycine max (L.))接种致瘤性农杆菌菌株后，“北京”的Merr.)叶片形成肿瘤生长，对opines检测呈阳性。在接种48 h期间，未接种的外植体和接种了A136(无毒)、A208(致瘤性)和ASE1-200(非致瘤性)菌株的外植体在创面出现了有丝分裂活性，符合经典的创面反应描述;然而，外植体转移到组织培养基后不久，接种了致瘤芽孢杆菌的外植体的形态发生模式与未接种和接种A136的对照不同。这种发育偏差与细菌中Ti质粒的存在有关。非致瘤芽胞杆菌接种的外植体表现出介于对照和致瘤菌接种的外植体之间的形态发生模式。这表明后者……
{"title":"Interactions of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) leaf explants in tissue culture","authors":"D. T. Kudirka, S. Colburn, M. Hinchee, M. Wright","doi":"10.1139/G86-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-113","url":null,"abstract":"Wounded petiole surfaces of excised soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) leaves of 'Peking' formed neoplastic growths testing positive for opines after inoculation with a tumorigenic strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. During the 48-h inoculation period, uninoculated explants and explants inoculated with A136 (avirulent), A208 (tumorigenic), and ASE1-200 (nontumorigenic) strains of A. tumefaciens showed initiation of mitotic activity at the wound surface conforming with classical descriptions of the wound response; however, shortly after explant transfer to tissue culture medium, morphogenetic patterns in explants inoculated with tumorigenic A. tumefaciens deviated from the uninoculated and A136 inoculated controls. This developmental deviation was correlated to the presence of the Ti plasmid in the bacterium. Explants inoculated with nontumorigenic A. tumefaciens showed a morphogenetic pattern intermediate between the controls and explants inoculated with tumorigenic bacteria. This suggests that the latter ...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"14 1","pages":"808-817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86467476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In tetraploid Allium vineale four homologous axes are closely aligned in unsynapsed regions at early zygotene. This alignment is brought about by intercalary and terminal associations. The intercalary association sites are possibly targets of forces for long distance attraction of homologues and potential pairing initiation sites. The terminal associations are mediated by dense spherules and result possibly from the attachment of the telomeres to the nuclear envelope. In pachytene the alignment is abolished and the four axes are synapsed two by two, resulting in bivalents or, owing to partner switches in the synapsed axes, in quadrivalents. From the number of partner switches per configuration the number of pairing initiation sites is estimated. Homologous alignment and synapsis are discussed, comparing them with the conditions in a triploid species, which were described in a previous paper.Key words: Allium vineale, synaptonemal complex, polyploids, chromosome pairing, meiosis.
{"title":"Synaptonemal complex spreading in Allium. II. Tetraploid A. vineale","authors":"J. Loidl","doi":"10.1139/G86-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-106","url":null,"abstract":"In tetraploid Allium vineale four homologous axes are closely aligned in unsynapsed regions at early zygotene. This alignment is brought about by intercalary and terminal associations. The intercalary association sites are possibly targets of forces for long distance attraction of homologues and potential pairing initiation sites. The terminal associations are mediated by dense spherules and result possibly from the attachment of the telomeres to the nuclear envelope. In pachytene the alignment is abolished and the four axes are synapsed two by two, resulting in bivalents or, owing to partner switches in the synapsed axes, in quadrivalents. From the number of partner switches per configuration the number of pairing initiation sites is estimated. Homologous alignment and synapsis are discussed, comparing them with the conditions in a triploid species, which were described in a previous paper.Key words: Allium vineale, synaptonemal complex, polyploids, chromosome pairing, meiosis.","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"20 1","pages":"754-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90069474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Homoeologous recombination between wheat chromosomes and the long arm of chromosome 1R of rye present in a wheat background as the wheat–rye translocation, 1DS.1RL, has been reported. During the course of this study an unexpected plant (308-17), with a recombinant phenotype, arose from a control population where homoeologous pairing was thought to be suppressed. The putative recombinant chromosome in plant 308-17 carried two seed protein loci located on 1RL (namely, the rye Glu-R1 locus and a recently discovered globulin-like marker) but appeared to lack C-banded heterochromatin. Further investigation of this apparent recombinant chromosome in progeny of 308-17 using a cloned probe for the 350 family of rye heterochromatic sequence indicated that some terminal heterochromatin was still present but in a much reduced amount. Because it appears that only the terminal region has been changed, the modified chromosome in 308-17 most likely did not arise from homoeologous recombination but rather from some form ...
{"title":"Rye heterochromatin. II. Characterization of a derivative from chromosome 1DS.1RL with a reduced amount of the major repeating sequence","authors":"R. Koebner, R. Appels, K. Shepherd","doi":"10.1139/G86-095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-095","url":null,"abstract":"Homoeologous recombination between wheat chromosomes and the long arm of chromosome 1R of rye present in a wheat background as the wheat–rye translocation, 1DS.1RL, has been reported. During the course of this study an unexpected plant (308-17), with a recombinant phenotype, arose from a control population where homoeologous pairing was thought to be suppressed. The putative recombinant chromosome in plant 308-17 carried two seed protein loci located on 1RL (namely, the rye Glu-R1 locus and a recently discovered globulin-like marker) but appeared to lack C-banded heterochromatin. Further investigation of this apparent recombinant chromosome in progeny of 308-17 using a cloned probe for the 350 family of rye heterochromatic sequence indicated that some terminal heterochromatin was still present but in a much reduced amount. Because it appears that only the terminal region has been changed, the modified chromosome in 308-17 most likely did not arise from homoeologous recombination but rather from some form ...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"36 1","pages":"658-664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80098842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' mutant ph1b lacking the major wheat homoeologous pairing prevention gene was pollinated with Hordeum vulgare line 'Tuleen 346,' a triple interchange homozygote with all chromosomes distinct from one another. Two wheat-like hybrids, one with 28 and one with 31 chromosomes, were produced. Homoeologous chromosome pairing occurred in the hybrids, but no evidence of interspecific chromosome pairing was observed. Both hybrids were sterile, but pollination of the 28-chromosome hybrid with 'Chinese Spring' pollen gave a few seeds. Within the F1 hybrids, chromosome numbers varied slightly, especially among pollen mother cells, and barley showed partial dominance of nucleolus organizer regions in somatic cells. The 31-chromosome hybrid was awned possibly indicating extra dosage of a homoeologous group-2 chromosome.Key words: wheat, barley, hybrid, homoeologous pairing.
{"title":"A bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) × cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare) hybrid with homoeologous chromosome pairing","authors":"G. Sethi, R. Finch, T. Miller","doi":"10.1139/G86-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-109","url":null,"abstract":"Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' mutant ph1b lacking the major wheat homoeologous pairing prevention gene was pollinated with Hordeum vulgare line 'Tuleen 346,' a triple interchange homozygote with all chromosomes distinct from one another. Two wheat-like hybrids, one with 28 and one with 31 chromosomes, were produced. Homoeologous chromosome pairing occurred in the hybrids, but no evidence of interspecific chromosome pairing was observed. Both hybrids were sterile, but pollination of the 28-chromosome hybrid with 'Chinese Spring' pollen gave a few seeds. Within the F1 hybrids, chromosome numbers varied slightly, especially among pollen mother cells, and barley showed partial dominance of nucleolus organizer regions in somatic cells. The 31-chromosome hybrid was awned possibly indicating extra dosage of a homoeologous group-2 chromosome.Key words: wheat, barley, hybrid, homoeologous pairing.","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"48 1","pages":"777-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72949771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nucleotide sequence of a 4.5-kilobase (kb) segment of rye DNA (in the clone pScR4) containing the major spacer region of ribosomal DNA, 0.25 kb of the 5′ end of the 18S gene and approximately 1.2 kb of the 3′ end of the 26S gene is presented. The 5′ end of the 18S gene, and most of the 3′ end of the 26S gene, could be readily defined by comparisons with previously published sequences. The major spacer region was dominated by the presence of 10 repeating units, with a basic length of 134 base pairs (bp), which showed sequence variability in that deletions of sections of the sequence as well as base-pair changes were common. A portion of the sequence which was common to almost all the spacer repeats and is also found in the corresponding wheat spacer repeats (in pTa250), with only two mismatches (using a consensus sequence of the rye spacer repeats as a comparison), is GCGACATGGAAAACCGGGCAAAACCACGTAC. The occurrence of this conserved sequence between more divergent sequences in both wheat and rye sugges...
{"title":"The structure of DNA from the rye (Secale cereale) NOR R1 locus and its behaviour in wheat backgrounds","authors":"R. Appels, L. B. Moran, J. P. Gustafson","doi":"10.1139/G86-097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-097","url":null,"abstract":"The nucleotide sequence of a 4.5-kilobase (kb) segment of rye DNA (in the clone pScR4) containing the major spacer region of ribosomal DNA, 0.25 kb of the 5′ end of the 18S gene and approximately 1.2 kb of the 3′ end of the 26S gene is presented. The 5′ end of the 18S gene, and most of the 3′ end of the 26S gene, could be readily defined by comparisons with previously published sequences. The major spacer region was dominated by the presence of 10 repeating units, with a basic length of 134 base pairs (bp), which showed sequence variability in that deletions of sections of the sequence as well as base-pair changes were common. A portion of the sequence which was common to almost all the spacer repeats and is also found in the corresponding wheat spacer repeats (in pTa250), with only two mismatches (using a consensus sequence of the rye spacer repeats as a comparison), is GCGACATGGAAAACCGGGCAAAACCACGTAC. The occurrence of this conserved sequence between more divergent sequences in both wheat and rye sugges...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"64 1","pages":"673-685"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90628665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The structure of appoximately 10 kilobases of DNA originating from the subcloned DNA segments of five lambda clones from rye heterochromatin is described. The sequence data suggested that much of t...
{"title":"Rye heterochromatin. I: Studies on clusters of the major repeating sequence and the identification of a new dispersed repetitive sequence element","authors":"R. Appels, L. B. Moran, J. P. Gustafson","doi":"10.1139/G86-094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-094","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of appoximately 10 kilobases of DNA originating from the subcloned DNA segments of five lambda clones from rye heterochromatin is described. The sequence data suggested that much of t...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"67 1","pages":"645-657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81116296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The r-x1 deficiency on chromosome 10 of maize conditions nondisjunction during embryo sac development. Variations in kernel size associated with r-x1 are found to be correlated with aneuploidy, both monosomy and trisomy, in the embryo. Among a sample of 70 normal-sized kernels only 10% had aneuploid embryos (4 monosomies, 3 trisomies), while 41 selected small kernels had 44% aneuploids (10 monosomies, 1 double monosomic, 7 trisomics) and 32 medium kernels also had 44% aneuploids (1 monosomic, 12 trisomics, 1 triple trisomic). On the assumption that reduced kernel size is due to aneuploidy in the endosperm following nondisjunction at one of the embryo sac mitoses, the observed proportion of hypoploid:hyperploid:euploid embryos among small kernels is inconsistent with nondisjunction at the first or third mitoses but fits well the expectation for nondisjunction occurring at the second mitosis. Nondisjunction at this division leads to both corresponding and noncorresponding constitutions between the embryo, a...
{"title":"Monosomy and trisomy induced by the r-x1 deletion in maize, and associated effects on endosperm development","authors":"B. Lin, E. Coe","doi":"10.1139/G86-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-115","url":null,"abstract":"The r-x1 deficiency on chromosome 10 of maize conditions nondisjunction during embryo sac development. Variations in kernel size associated with r-x1 are found to be correlated with aneuploidy, both monosomy and trisomy, in the embryo. Among a sample of 70 normal-sized kernels only 10% had aneuploid embryos (4 monosomies, 3 trisomies), while 41 selected small kernels had 44% aneuploids (10 monosomies, 1 double monosomic, 7 trisomics) and 32 medium kernels also had 44% aneuploids (1 monosomic, 12 trisomics, 1 triple trisomic). On the assumption that reduced kernel size is due to aneuploidy in the endosperm following nondisjunction at one of the embryo sac mitoses, the observed proportion of hypoploid:hyperploid:euploid embryos among small kernels is inconsistent with nondisjunction at the first or third mitoses but fits well the expectation for nondisjunction occurring at the second mitosis. Nondisjunction at this division leads to both corresponding and noncorresponding constitutions between the embryo, a...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"134 1","pages":"831-834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79455631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The structure, at the level of restriction endonuclease mapping, of rDNA spacer regions from representatives of the B, R, S, P, N, J1J2, and E genomes within the Triticeae are compared. The results...
{"title":"Alien chromatin in wheat: ribosomal DNA spacer probes for detecting specific nucleolar organizer region loci introduced into wheat.","authors":"R. Appels, C. Mcintyre, B. Clarke, C. E. May","doi":"10.1139/G86-096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-096","url":null,"abstract":"The structure, at the level of restriction endonuclease mapping, of rDNA spacer regions from representatives of the B, R, S, P, N, J1J2, and E genomes within the Triticeae are compared. The results...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"22 1","pages":"665-672"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78628254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Five species of sparrows, weavers, and finches belonging to the Ploceidae, Fringillidae, and Emberizidae were examined cytogenetically by G- and C-banding. There was significant G-band homology between the families, with pericentric inversions being the principal form of chromosome change both at the intra- and inter-specific levels. In some instances there was more homology between species from different families than there was between species within a family. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are discussed.Key words: chromosome banding, inversion polymorphism, Passeriformes, Aves.
{"title":"Chromosomal evolution in finches and their allies (families: Ploceidae, Fringillidae, and Emberizidae)","authors":"L. Christidis","doi":"10.1139/G86-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-107","url":null,"abstract":"Five species of sparrows, weavers, and finches belonging to the Ploceidae, Fringillidae, and Emberizidae were examined cytogenetically by G- and C-banding. There was significant G-band homology between the families, with pericentric inversions being the principal form of chromosome change both at the intra- and inter-specific levels. In some instances there was more homology between species from different families than there was between species within a family. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are discussed.Key words: chromosome banding, inversion polymorphism, Passeriformes, Aves.","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"16 1","pages":"762-769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80106702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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