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The expected probabilities of identity for the circular stepping-stone model. 圆形踏脚石模型的期望同一性概率。
C Strobeck

The expected values of the probabilities of identity by descent are derived for the circular stepping-stone model. The results are more easily interpreted than those derived previously.

推导了圆形阶梯模型的下降同一性概率期望值。这些结果比以前得出的结果更容易解释。
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引用次数: 1
Symposium on Gene Regulation by Environmental Stress. Contributed paper session on stress-induced gene expression. London, Ont., Canada, 28 June 1985. 环境胁迫下的基因调控研讨会。贡献关于应激诱导基因表达的论文。伦敦。1985年6月28日,加拿大。
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引用次数: 0
The synergistic effect of hyperthermia and ethanol on changing gene expression of mouse lymphocytes. 热疗与乙醇对小鼠淋巴细胞基因表达的协同作用。
D I Rodenhiser, J H Jung, B G Atkinson

Cultured mouse lymphocytes respond to a brief incubation at an elevated temperature (41-43 degrees C) with the new and (or) enhanced synthesis of a select group of polypeptides (known as heat-shock proteins, HSPs) having relative molecular masses of 110, 100, 90, 70, and 65 kilodaltons (kDa). Expression of these HSPs is dependent on new RNA synthesis. Because the synthesis of any particular HSP is dependent on the temperature and the length of time cells remain at a particular elevated temperature, synthesis of each HSP is not necessarily coordinated with the synthesis of the other HSPs. Cultured mouse lymphocytes treated with arsenite or ethanol exhibit new and (or) enhanced synthesis of HSPs with molecular masses of 110, 90, 70, and 65 kDa but do not exhibit enhanced synthesis of the 100-kDa HSP. Short-term concurrent exposure of mouse lymphocytes to an elevated temperature and a level of ethanol, which individually do not induce detectable HSP synthesis, results in the pronounced synthesis of HSPs similar to those seen following exposure to higher levels of either stress applied separately. Thus, in this study we demonstrate that hyperthermia and ethanol stress can act synergistically to affect a dramatic change in the gene expression of mouse lymphocytes.

培养的小鼠淋巴细胞对高温(41-43℃)的短暂孵育有反应,产生一组相对分子质量为110、100、90、70和65千道尔顿(kDa)的新的和(或)增强的多肽(称为热休克蛋白,HSPs)。这些热休克蛋白的表达依赖于新的RNA合成。由于任何特定热休克蛋白的合成都依赖于温度和细胞保持在特定高温下的时间长度,因此每种热休克蛋白的合成不一定与其他热休克蛋白的合成协调。用亚砷酸盐或乙醇处理培养的小鼠淋巴细胞表现出新的和(或)增强的HSP合成,其分子质量为110、90、70和65 kDa,但没有表现出100 kDa的HSP合成增强。将小鼠淋巴细胞短期同时暴露于高温和乙醇环境中,这两种环境单独不会诱导可检测到的热休克蛋白合成,但会导致热休克蛋白的明显合成,这与单独暴露于更高水平的应激环境中所见的相似。因此,在本研究中,我们证明了高温和乙醇应激可以协同作用,影响小鼠淋巴细胞基因表达的急剧变化。
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引用次数: 22
Differentiation of H genomes in the genus Critesion: evidence from synthetic hybrids involving Elymus and Critesion and one natural hybrid of C. violaceum and C. bogdanii crition属中H基因组的分化:来自Elymus和crition的合成杂种和C. violaceum和C. bogdanii的一个自然杂种的证据
R. C. Wang, C. Hsiao
Hybrids of Elymus canadensis (2n = 28; SSHH) × Critesion californicum (2n = 14) and E. canadensis × C. bulbosum (2n = 14) were synthesized at relative frequencies of 11.8 and 0.3%, respectively, by...
加拿大羊草杂交(2n = 28);SSHH × crition californicum (2n = 14)和E. canadensis × C. bulbosum (2n = 14)的合成相对频率分别为11.8和0.3%。
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引用次数: 21
Immunochemical analysis of heat-shock protein synthesis in maize (Zea mays L.) 玉米热休克蛋白合成的免疫化学分析
C. Baszczynski
Polyclonal antibodies to 18-kilodalton (kDa) heat-shock proteins (HSPs) and to the high molecular weight (73 000 – 89 000) HSPs from 5- day-old maize plumules have been produced in rabbits. The antisera to high molecular weight HSPs show minor cross-reactivity to proteins of similar molecular mass in not heat-shocked tissues, while antisera to 18-kDa HSPs react only with this 18-kDa HSP class. HSPs of similar molecular mass and isoelectric points in maize plumules, mesocotyls, radicles, and young leaves also have similar antigenic determinants based on positive reactions with antisera to plumule HSPs. Among 13 maize inbreds and genetic stocks tested, differences were noted in the amount of immunoprecipitable 18-kDa HSPs. Antisera to maize plumule HSPs also showed cross-reactivity with similar-sized HSPs from pea epicotyls and soybean hypocotyls but not with HSPs from several animal tissues.Key words: polyclonal antibodies, maize, heat-shock.
从5日龄玉米胚中制备了18千道尔顿(kDa)热休克蛋白(HSPs)和高分子量(73000 ~ 89000)热休克蛋白的多克隆抗体。高分子量热休克蛋白的抗血清与非热休克组织中相似分子质量的蛋白质有轻微的交叉反应,而18 kda热休克蛋白的抗血清仅与这类18 kda热休克蛋白发生反应。在玉米胚轴、中胚轴、胚根和幼叶中具有相似分子质量和等电点的热休克蛋白也具有相似的抗原决定因子,基于抗血清对胚轴热休克蛋白的阳性反应。在13个玉米自交系和遗传群体中,免疫可沉淀的18 kda热休克蛋白的数量存在差异。玉米胚芽热休克蛋白的抗血清与豌豆上胚轴和大豆下胚轴的热休克蛋白也有交叉反应,但与几种动物组织的热休克蛋白无交叉反应。关键词:多克隆抗体,玉米,热休克
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引用次数: 5
Identification of mRNAs encoding low molecular mass heat-shock proteins in maize (Zea mays L.) 玉米(Zea mays L.)低分子量热休克蛋白编码mrna的鉴定
C. A. Rees, N. C. Hogan, D. B. Walden, B. Atkinson
Subjecting 5-day-old maize seedlings to a rapid elevation in growth temperature (heat shock; 25–42 °C) results in a shift in the pattern of protein synthesis in maize plumules from the production o...
对5天大的玉米幼苗进行生长温度的快速升高(热休克);25-42°C)会导致玉米胚芽中蛋白质合成模式的转变。
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引用次数: 3
Murine plasmacytomas constitute a class of natural heat-shock variants in which the major inducible hsp-68 gene is not expressed. 小鼠浆细胞瘤构成一类自然热休克变异,其中主要的可诱导的热休克蛋白-68基因不表达。
L Aujame

Analysis of the heat-shock response in murine plasmacytomas reveals that, as demonstrated previously for the MPC-11 cell line, the genes coding for the 68-kilodalton heat-shock protein (hsp-68) are not expressed upon heat shock or sodium arsenite treatment. Noninduction is unique to the normally coordinated set of three hsp-68 genes since at least two other heat-shock protein genes (hsp-70 and hsp-89) are properly induced. No other lymphoid cell line was found to possess silent hsp-68 genes. Cell lines examined included a T lymphoma, a pre-B lymphocyte, and a non-B-non-T tumor cell line, as well as an Ig-nonproducing myeloma of undetermined differentiated status. Nonexpression is strain-independent as observed in BALB/c and C3H plasmacytomas. Based on S1 nuclease analysis using a cloned genomic hsp-68 probe, nonexpression is caused by the absence of hsp-68 mRNA following heat shock. A time-course experiment suggests that rapid degradation of mRNA does not occur, implying that the block is most likely at the transcriptional level. Southern blot analysis does not indicate any minor deletions around the region of transcription initiation, at least in the probed hsp-68 gene. These results suggest that the absence of hsp-68 gene expression may be a reflection of the differentiated and (or) transformed state of murine plasma cells, possibly through the absence or deregulation of a regulatory factor required for induction of heat-shock genes.

对小鼠浆细胞瘤热休克反应的分析表明,正如先前在MPC-11细胞系中所证明的那样,编码68千dalton热休克蛋白(hsp-68)的基因在热休克或亚砷酸钠处理下不表达。由于至少有另外两个热休克蛋白基因(热休克蛋白70和热休克蛋白89)被适当地诱导,因此正常协调的三个热休克蛋白68基因组的非诱导性是独一无二的。没有发现其他淋巴样细胞系具有沉默的hsp-68基因。检查的细胞系包括T淋巴瘤、前b淋巴细胞、非b -非T肿瘤细胞系,以及分化状态未确定的不产生igg的骨髓瘤。在BALB/c和C3H浆细胞瘤中观察到的不表达与菌株无关。利用克隆的基因组热休克蛋白-68探针对S1核酸酶进行分析,发现热休克后缺乏热休克蛋白-68 mRNA导致不表达。一项时间过程实验表明,mRNA的快速降解不会发生,这意味着这种阻滞最有可能发生在转录水平。至少在探针的hsp-68基因中,Southern blot分析没有显示在转录起始区域附近有任何轻微的缺失。这些结果表明,hsp-68基因表达的缺失可能反映了小鼠浆细胞的分化和(或)转化状态,可能是通过缺乏或解除诱导热休克基因所需的调节因子。
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引用次数: 10
Role of heterochromatin during preferential 9q;22q translocation in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 异染色质在慢性粒细胞白血病中9q;22q优先易位中的作用。
R S Verma, J Rodriguez, A Babu, S Chemitiganti, M Coleman, R T Silver, H Dosik

The secondary constriction region (h) of human chromosome 9 was evaluated in 55 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients with respect to its size and position. Each case was examined by C-banding and distamycin A-4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole techniques for the expression of the h regions. When one h region of chromosome 9 was larger, it was more frequently involved in the reciprocal translocation with chromosome 22. In addition, there was a higher incidence of pericentric inversions in the h regions in the translocated chromosome 9 when compared with normal homologues. The role of the constitutive heterochromatin of chromosome 9 as a possible influencing factor during 9q;22q translocation in CML is suggested.

对55例慢性髓性白血病(CML)患者9号染色体次级收缩区(h)的大小和位置进行了评价。每个病例都通过c -带和a -4,6-二氨基-2-苯基吲哚技术检测h区域的表达。当9号染色体的一个h区较大时,它与22号染色体的反向易位发生的频率更高。此外,与正常同系物相比,易位的9号染色体的h区有更高的中心倒位发生率。9号染色体的组成性异染色质可能是CML中9q;22q易位的影响因素。
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引用次数: 4
Heat shock induced changes in the gene expression of terminally differentiating avian red blood cells. 热休克诱导终分化禽红细胞基因表达的变化。
B G Atkinson, R L Dean, T W Blaker

Reticulocytes, purified from the blood of quail and chickens recovering from anaemia, respond to heat shock by the new and (or) enhanced synthesis of heat-shock protein (HSPs) with relative molecular masses of greater than 400,000, 90,000, 70,000, and 26,000 (quail) or 24,000 (chicken) and the depressed synthesis of many proteins normally produced at a control temperature. The synthesis of these HSPs is noncoordinate since the expression of each protein depends upon the particular temperature and duration of the time at that temperature. Separation of proteins from quail reticulocytes into Triton X-100 soluble and insoluble fractions demonstrates that the 70,000 and 26,000 Da HSPs are found in both fractions, whereas the greater than 400,000 and 90,000 Da HSPs are located only in the detergent-soluble fraction. Triton X-100 fractionation also reveals that there are three isoelectric variants of the 70,000 Da HSP and that they are constitutively synthesized and selectively partitioned between cellular compartments. Heat shock induced synthesis of the 90,000, 70,000, and 26,000 Da quail HSPs is prevented by actinomycin D, while enhanced synthesis of the greater than 400,000 Da HSP is unaffected by this inhibitor. These results demonstrate that nucleated, terminally differentiating avian red blood cells are capable of responding to heat stress by rapid changes in their highly restricted "program" of gene expression.

网织红细胞从从贫血中恢复的鹌鹑和鸡的血液中纯化出来,通过新的和(或)增强的热休克蛋白(HSPs)的合成来应对热休克,这些蛋白的相对分子质量大于400,000,90,000,70,000和26,000(鹌鹑)或24,000(鸡),并且抑制了通常在控制温度下产生的许多蛋白质的合成。这些热休克蛋白的合成是非协调的,因为每种蛋白的表达取决于特定的温度和在该温度下持续的时间。将鹌鹑网织红细胞的蛋白质分离成Triton X-100可溶和不可溶部分,结果表明,70000和26000 Da热蛋白均存在于这两个部分,而超过400000和90000 Da热蛋白仅存在于洗涤剂可溶部分。Triton X-100分选还揭示了70000 Da HSP的三种等电变体,它们是组成性合成的,并在细胞间选择性地分割。放线菌素D可以抑制热休克诱导的90000、70000和26000 Da鹌鹑热休克蛋白的合成,而40000 Da以上的热休克蛋白的合成则不受该抑制剂的影响。这些结果表明,有核的、终末分化的禽类红细胞能够通过快速改变其高度受限的基因表达“程序”来应对热应激。
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引用次数: 8
Heat-shock gene expression in animal embryonic systems. 动物胚胎系统热休克基因表达。
J J Heikkila, L W Browder, L Gedamu, R W Nickells, G A Schultz

We have examined the expression of heat shock or stress genes in fish, echinoderm, amphibian, and mammalian embryonic systems. In a Chinook salmon embryo cell line, elevation of the incubation temperature or exposure to metal ions (e.g., cadmium and zinc) induced a set of heat-shock proteins HSPs. Transcriptional inhibitor, in vitro translation, and Northern hybridization studies suggest that fish HSP synthesis is regulated at the transcriptional level. The synthesis of HSPs during early development of Arbacia punctulata, Xenopus laevis, mouse, and rabbit is a stage-dependent phenomenon. In each of the developmental systems, HSP synthesis could not be induced until after cleavage stages. The ability of the embryo to undergo a heat-shock response (i.e., HSP synthesis) was correlated with the ability to detect HSP mRNA accumulation by either in vitro translation or Northern hybridization assays. Thus, the stage-dependent synthesis of HSPs appears to be controlled at the transcriptional level. Finally, in all of the organisms studied, the capacity to synthesize HSPs and accumulate HSP mRNA also coincides with acquisition of thermotolerance.

我们研究了热休克或应激基因在鱼类、棘皮动物、两栖动物和哺乳动物胚胎系统中的表达。在奇努克鲑鱼胚胎细胞系中,提高孵育温度或暴露于金属离子(如镉和锌)可诱导一组热休克蛋白HSPs。转录抑制剂、体外翻译和Northern杂交研究表明,鱼类热sp的合成受转录水平的调控。在斑草、非洲爪蟾、小鼠和家兔的发育早期,热休克蛋白的合成是一个阶段依赖性的现象。在每一个发育系统中,热休克蛋白的合成直到卵裂阶段之后才能被诱导。胚胎经受热休克反应(即热休克蛋白合成)的能力与通过体外翻译或Northern杂交检测热休克蛋白mRNA积累的能力相关。因此,热休克蛋白的阶段依赖性合成似乎在转录水平上受到控制。最后,在所研究的所有生物体中,合成HSP和积累HSP mRNA的能力也与耐热性的获得一致。
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引用次数: 71
期刊
Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie
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