Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-59-67
I. S. Kovalenko, T. Vitkina, T. Novgorodtseva, N. V. Bocharova, S. Kasyanov, R. Sultanov
Introduction. Bronchial asthma is characterized by heterogeneity, multiple phenotypes, and varying clinical manifestations. Cytokines play a crucial role in the inflammatory response in asthma. The quantity, as well as the ratio of certain cytokines, determines the mechanism and type of inflammatory response in asthma, upon which the effectiveness of treatment of this disease depends. That is why the development of new methods of treating patients with asthma, aimed at correcting cytokine imbalance, is required. One of the promising substances is N-eicosapentaenoyl-ethanolamine (NAE-EPA), which exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by affecting cytokines, but remains poorly studied.Aim. To study the dose-dependent effect of N-eicosapentaenoyl-ethanolamine on the production of cytokines by peripheral blood cells, in vitro, in subjects with asthma.Materials and methods. The object of the study was whole blood, diluted 1:5 with culture medium of 15 patients with mild to moderate controlled asthma and 16 healthy subjects. The in vitro experiment was carried out in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated (LPS) blood samples (incubation with LPS at 37°C for 30 minutes). Then, the experimental substance N-acylethanolamine eicosapentaenoic acid (NAE EPA) was added in concentrations of 1.0; 5.0, and 10.0 µM and incubated at 37°C for 6 hours with gentle mixing. Cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL17A, TNF-α, and INF-γ) were studied by enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results. Analysis of the level of cytokines in patients with asthma showed that an increase in the plasma levels of IL-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A is accompanied by a decrease in the level of regulatory IL-10. When NAE EPA was added at a dosage of 1 µM, no statistically significant changes were detected. Exposure to the experimental substance at a dose of 5 µM contributed to a decrease in IL-6 in the blood cells of patients by 19% (p ˂ 0.05). Exposure to NAE EPA at 10 µM produced the greatest number of statistically significant changes in cytokine levels. There was a decrease in IL-17A by 15% (p ˂ 0.05), IL-2 by 14% (p ˂ 0.05), IL-6 by 50% (p ˂ 0.01), and TNF-α by 10% (p ˂ 0.05) relative to values before exposure.Conclusion. N-eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamine shows potential as a regulator of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine synthesis in bronchial asthma with a predominant Th-17 type of immune response. The results obtained may contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for patients with asthma.
{"title":"The effect of N-eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamine on the regulation of cytokine synthesis by blood cells of patients with bronchial asthma in vitro","authors":"I. S. Kovalenko, T. Vitkina, T. Novgorodtseva, N. V. Bocharova, S. Kasyanov, R. Sultanov","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-59-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-59-67","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Bronchial asthma is characterized by heterogeneity, multiple phenotypes, and varying clinical manifestations. Cytokines play a crucial role in the inflammatory response in asthma. The quantity, as well as the ratio of certain cytokines, determines the mechanism and type of inflammatory response in asthma, upon which the effectiveness of treatment of this disease depends. That is why the development of new methods of treating patients with asthma, aimed at correcting cytokine imbalance, is required. One of the promising substances is N-eicosapentaenoyl-ethanolamine (NAE-EPA), which exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by affecting cytokines, but remains poorly studied.Aim. To study the dose-dependent effect of N-eicosapentaenoyl-ethanolamine on the production of cytokines by peripheral blood cells, in vitro, in subjects with asthma.Materials and methods. The object of the study was whole blood, diluted 1:5 with culture medium of 15 patients with mild to moderate controlled asthma and 16 healthy subjects. The in vitro experiment was carried out in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated (LPS) blood samples (incubation with LPS at 37°C for 30 minutes). Then, the experimental substance N-acylethanolamine eicosapentaenoic acid (NAE EPA) was added in concentrations of 1.0; 5.0, and 10.0 µM and incubated at 37°C for 6 hours with gentle mixing. Cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL17A, TNF-α, and INF-γ) were studied by enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results. Analysis of the level of cytokines in patients with asthma showed that an increase in the plasma levels of IL-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A is accompanied by a decrease in the level of regulatory IL-10. When NAE EPA was added at a dosage of 1 µM, no statistically significant changes were detected. Exposure to the experimental substance at a dose of 5 µM contributed to a decrease in IL-6 in the blood cells of patients by 19% (p ˂ 0.05). Exposure to NAE EPA at 10 µM produced the greatest number of statistically significant changes in cytokine levels. There was a decrease in IL-17A by 15% (p ˂ 0.05), IL-2 by 14% (p ˂ 0.05), IL-6 by 50% (p ˂ 0.01), and TNF-α by 10% (p ˂ 0.05) relative to values before exposure.Conclusion. N-eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamine shows potential as a regulator of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine synthesis in bronchial asthma with a predominant Th-17 type of immune response. The results obtained may contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for patients with asthma.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-8-22
V. P. Kolosov, J. Perelman, E. V. Polyanskaya, L. Manakov
The establishment of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Far Eastern Scientific Center for Physiology and Pathology of Respiration» is examined within the historical progression of academic science in the Russian Far East and the Russian Academy of Sciences' contribution to this development, commemorating its 300th anniversary in Russia. The outcomes of medical science and healthcare contributions to pulmonology advancement in the Far Eastern region are evaluated.
{"title":"The role of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the study of respiratory health and development of pulmonology in the Far East of Russia","authors":"V. P. Kolosov, J. Perelman, E. V. Polyanskaya, L. Manakov","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-8-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-8-22","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Far Eastern Scientific Center for Physiology and Pathology of Respiration» is examined within the historical progression of academic science in the Russian Far East and the Russian Academy of Sciences' contribution to this development, commemorating its 300th anniversary in Russia. The outcomes of medical science and healthcare contributions to pulmonology advancement in the Far Eastern region are evaluated.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-23-33
A. Kraposhina, E. Sobko, I. Demko, A. B. Katser, O. V. Kazmerchuk, Yu.I. Abramov
Aim. The study of clinical and functional characteristics, features of pharmacotherapy and the level of adherence in severe and difficult-to-treat bronchial asthma in real clinical practice to optimize pathogenetic therapy measures.Materials and methods. 143 patients diagnosed with severe bronchial asthma were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups: difficult-to-treat bronchial asthma and severe bronchial asthma. Examination methods included: anamnestic method, physical examination, filling out the ACQ-5 questionnaire, AST, the Morisky-Green questionnaire, instrumental (spirography with bronchodilator), laboratory methods.Results. Most of the studied patients were patients with difficultto-treat bronchial asthma (55%), while patients with severe bronchial asthma accounted for 45% of the total number of patients. We noted that patients of the 1st group were more often hospitalized due to an exacerbation of the disease. There were no significant differences in clinical and functional parameters and in the structure of comorbidity. All patients received the amount of basic therapy corresponding to stages 4 and 5 in accordance with GINA 2022. According to the results of the Morisky-Green questionnaire, lack of adherence was recorded in 79% of cases. Incorrect inhalation technique among patients of the 1st group was recorded in 32% of cases, while an uncontrolled course of concomitant pathology was detected in a third (33%) of cases. In group 2, 94% of patients had at least one marker of T2 inflammation.Conclusions. Among patients with difficult-to-treat asthma, truly severe bronchial asthma was confirmed in 45% of cases, bronchial asthma difficult-to-treat - in 55% of cases. Lack of adherence (79% of cases), uncontrolled course of comorbidity (33%), and incorrect inhalation technique (32% of cases) are the main factors hindering the achievement of control in the difficult-to-treat asthma group. For patients with difficult-to-treat asthma, it is necessary to take measures aimed primarily at improving adherence to treatment.
{"title":"Difficult-to-treat asthma: the most significant factors impeding control","authors":"A. Kraposhina, E. Sobko, I. Demko, A. B. Katser, O. V. Kazmerchuk, Yu.I. Abramov","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-23-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-23-33","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study of clinical and functional characteristics, features of pharmacotherapy and the level of adherence in severe and difficult-to-treat bronchial asthma in real clinical practice to optimize pathogenetic therapy measures.Materials and methods. 143 patients diagnosed with severe bronchial asthma were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups: difficult-to-treat bronchial asthma and severe bronchial asthma. Examination methods included: anamnestic method, physical examination, filling out the ACQ-5 questionnaire, AST, the Morisky-Green questionnaire, instrumental (spirography with bronchodilator), laboratory methods.Results. Most of the studied patients were patients with difficultto-treat bronchial asthma (55%), while patients with severe bronchial asthma accounted for 45% of the total number of patients. We noted that patients of the 1st group were more often hospitalized due to an exacerbation of the disease. There were no significant differences in clinical and functional parameters and in the structure of comorbidity. All patients received the amount of basic therapy corresponding to stages 4 and 5 in accordance with GINA 2022. According to the results of the Morisky-Green questionnaire, lack of adherence was recorded in 79% of cases. Incorrect inhalation technique among patients of the 1st group was recorded in 32% of cases, while an uncontrolled course of concomitant pathology was detected in a third (33%) of cases. In group 2, 94% of patients had at least one marker of T2 inflammation.Conclusions. Among patients with difficult-to-treat asthma, truly severe bronchial asthma was confirmed in 45% of cases, bronchial asthma difficult-to-treat - in 55% of cases. Lack of adherence (79% of cases), uncontrolled course of comorbidity (33%), and incorrect inhalation technique (32% of cases) are the main factors hindering the achievement of control in the difficult-to-treat asthma group. For patients with difficult-to-treat asthma, it is necessary to take measures aimed primarily at improving adherence to treatment.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-34-40
E. Kulik, V. Pavlenko, S. Naryshkina
This article presents the findings of an open, comparative, prospective study aimed to investigate the state of vascular endothelial function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have recovered from COVID-19, and to assess the potential for long-term prediction of preclinical atherosclerosis development.Materials and methods. A total of 133 COPD patients were examined under outpatient conditions: the main group (n=90), with a history of COVID-19, and a comparison group (n=43). Participants were examined twice: V1 - initial examination from 3 weeks to three months post-infection, V2 - a follow-up examination 12 months after the first visit. Based on the CAVI index values at point V2, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups. The state of vascular endothelial function was assessed using volume sphygmomanometry and by determining the concentration of biochemical markers in the blood.Results. In the main group at point V2, the studied parameters of arterial stiffness were significantly higher compared to the comparison group (aortic pulse wave velocity, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) on the right and left, augmentation indices on the brachial and carotid arteries). At point V1, in the 1st subgroup (R-CAVI≥8.5 units), the concentration of biomarkers such as endothelin-1, total homocysteine, monocyte chemoattractant protein, vascular endothelial growth factor, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6,10 was significantly higher than in the 2nd subgroup (R-CAVI<8.5 units). Conclusion. Taking into account the results obtained, a mathematical model for predicting preclinical atherosclerosis in COPD patients 12 months after COVID-19 was developed, which can be applied by clinicians in the long-term assessment of cardiovascular risk. Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COVID-19, sphygmomanometry, predictors, prognosis, CAVI index> ˂ 8.5 units).Conclusion. Taking into account the results obtained, a mathematical model for predicting preclinical atherosclerosis in COPD patients 12 months after COVID-19 was developed, which can be applied by clinicians in the long-term assessment of cardiovascular risk.
{"title":"Biochemical predictors of preclinical arteriosclerosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after COVID-19","authors":"E. Kulik, V. Pavlenko, S. Naryshkina","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-34-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-34-40","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the findings of an open, comparative, prospective study aimed to investigate the state of vascular endothelial function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have recovered from COVID-19, and to assess the potential for long-term prediction of preclinical atherosclerosis development.Materials and methods. A total of 133 COPD patients were examined under outpatient conditions: the main group (n=90), with a history of COVID-19, and a comparison group (n=43). Participants were examined twice: V1 - initial examination from 3 weeks to three months post-infection, V2 - a follow-up examination 12 months after the first visit. Based on the CAVI index values at point V2, the main group was divided into 2 subgroups. The state of vascular endothelial function was assessed using volume sphygmomanometry and by determining the concentration of biochemical markers in the blood.Results. In the main group at point V2, the studied parameters of arterial stiffness were significantly higher compared to the comparison group (aortic pulse wave velocity, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) on the right and left, augmentation indices on the brachial and carotid arteries). At point V1, in the 1st subgroup (R-CAVI≥8.5 units), the concentration of biomarkers such as endothelin-1, total homocysteine, monocyte chemoattractant protein, vascular endothelial growth factor, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6,10 was significantly higher than in the 2nd subgroup (R-CAVI<8.5 units). Conclusion. Taking into account the results obtained, a mathematical model for predicting preclinical atherosclerosis in COPD patients 12 months after COVID-19 was developed, which can be applied by clinicians in the long-term assessment of cardiovascular risk. Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COVID-19, sphygmomanometry, predictors, prognosis, CAVI index> ˂ 8.5 units).Conclusion. Taking into account the results obtained, a mathematical model for predicting preclinical atherosclerosis in COPD patients 12 months after COVID-19 was developed, which can be applied by clinicians in the long-term assessment of cardiovascular risk.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-41-49
A. F. Belyaev, B. Geltser, T. S. Kharkovskaya, O. Fotina, A. Dei
Aim. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive rehabilitation program for patients experiencing reduced respiratory muscle strength following coronavirus pneumonia.Materials and methods. This prospective, ran-domized study enrolled 55 individuals (average age 66.1±6.4 years; 21.8% males and 78.2% females) who had recovered from COVID-19. The rehabilitation regimen included 10 sessions of respiratory exercises, 10 chest massage treatments, and 3 sessions of osteopathic adjustment. Assessments of respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength were conducted both before the initiation of rehabilitation and upon its completion.Results. Initial complaints included rapid fatigue, dyspnea under physical strain, vertigo, headaches, chest pain during respiration, and disrupted sleep patterns. Participants were categorized into two groups: males and females. Both groups demonstrated a decrease in expiratory muscle strength by a factor of 1.2 and inspiratory muscle strength by 1.6, compared to normative values. Spirometry indicated impaired lung function across all participants. Post-rehabilitation, a marked improvement in overall health and a reduction in complaint severity were observed. Rehabilitation routing scales showed a decrease in condition severity from 2-3 points to 1-2 points, alongside a statistically significant increase in respiratory muscle strength, enhanced oxygen saturation, and restored lung function.Conclusion. Our proposed comprehensive rehabilitation program, incorporating osteopathic manipulation, respiratory exercises, and massage, successfully shifts the pathological breathing pattern to a physiological one, strengthens respiratory muscles, and reinstates lung function. This leads to improved exercise, reduced anxiety and depression levels, and enhanced quality of life for post-COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
{"title":"Effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with impaired respiratory muscle strength after coronavirus pneumonia","authors":"A. F. Belyaev, B. Geltser, T. S. Kharkovskaya, O. Fotina, A. Dei","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-41-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-41-49","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive rehabilitation program for patients experiencing reduced respiratory muscle strength following coronavirus pneumonia.Materials and methods. This prospective, ran-domized study enrolled 55 individuals (average age 66.1±6.4 years; 21.8% males and 78.2% females) who had recovered from COVID-19. The rehabilitation regimen included 10 sessions of respiratory exercises, 10 chest massage treatments, and 3 sessions of osteopathic adjustment. Assessments of respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength were conducted both before the initiation of rehabilitation and upon its completion.Results. Initial complaints included rapid fatigue, dyspnea under physical strain, vertigo, headaches, chest pain during respiration, and disrupted sleep patterns. Participants were categorized into two groups: males and females. Both groups demonstrated a decrease in expiratory muscle strength by a factor of 1.2 and inspiratory muscle strength by 1.6, compared to normative values. Spirometry indicated impaired lung function across all participants. Post-rehabilitation, a marked improvement in overall health and a reduction in complaint severity were observed. Rehabilitation routing scales showed a decrease in condition severity from 2-3 points to 1-2 points, alongside a statistically significant increase in respiratory muscle strength, enhanced oxygen saturation, and restored lung function.Conclusion. Our proposed comprehensive rehabilitation program, incorporating osteopathic manipulation, respiratory exercises, and massage, successfully shifts the pathological breathing pattern to a physiological one, strengthens respiratory muscles, and reinstates lung function. This leads to improved exercise, reduced anxiety and depression levels, and enhanced quality of life for post-COVID-19 pneumonia patients.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-135-146
V. Pavlenko, Y. Schegortsova, А. А. Bakina
Introduction. The development of systemic inflammation involving a number of organs and tissues with the implementation of pathophysiological mechanisms is an important characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Osteoporosis is one of the most serious and socially significant manifestation of the systemic effects of COPD. Osteoporosis limits the social activity of the patient and his family members, leads to high material costs and a high level of disability and mortality. Aim. To study the data of foreign and Russian studies on the prevalence of osteopenia, pathogenic mechanisms of development and the clinical meaning of osteoporosis in COPD. Materials and methods. The review includes literature data published mainly over the past five years in PubMed and eLibrary. Earlier publications were included in the review if necessary. Results. According to different authors, osteopenia occurs in 60-86.7% of patients with COPD. The degree of loss of mineral density of bones is proportional to the severity of COPD. Compression fractures of the spine and fractures and femoral neck are found in patients with COPD more often than in patients without COPD. Cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the formation of osteoporosis in COPD. At the same time, studies are limited only by the significance of early response cytokines (interleukins 1 and 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). There are only single studies on the role of adipokines in bone remodeling with COPD. Conclusion. Further studies must be carried out for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of regulating bone metabolism by cytokines and other immune factors in COPD.
{"title":"Modern data on a combination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis","authors":"V. Pavlenko, Y. Schegortsova, А. А. Bakina","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-135-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-135-146","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The development of systemic inflammation involving a number of organs and tissues with the implementation of pathophysiological mechanisms is an important characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Osteoporosis is one of the most serious and socially significant manifestation of the systemic effects of COPD. Osteoporosis limits the social activity of the patient and his family members, leads to high material costs and a high level of disability and mortality. Aim. To study the data of foreign and Russian studies on the prevalence of osteopenia, pathogenic mechanisms of development and the clinical meaning of osteoporosis in COPD. Materials and methods. The review includes literature data published mainly over the past five years in PubMed and eLibrary. Earlier publications were included in the review if necessary. Results. According to different authors, osteopenia occurs in 60-86.7% of patients with COPD. The degree of loss of mineral density of bones is proportional to the severity of COPD. Compression fractures of the spine and fractures and femoral neck are found in patients with COPD more often than in patients without COPD. Cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the formation of osteoporosis in COPD. At the same time, studies are limited only by the significance of early response cytokines (interleukins 1 and 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). There are only single studies on the role of adipokines in bone remodeling with COPD. Conclusion. Further studies must be carried out for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of regulating bone metabolism by cytokines and other immune factors in COPD. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78472006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-127-134
I. Demko, A. Kraposhina, M. Mamaeva, N. Gordeeva, A. B. Katser, Y. Abramov
The spread of viral infections on the scale of epidemics and pandemics is appeared to be a heavy socioeconomic burden for society, which is primarily due to the growth of severe and complicated forms of the disease. The presence of complications from the cardiovascular system has been traced since the beginning of the first influenza pandemic in 1918 in Spain and has been consistently recorded in subsequent years. A clinical case of post-influenza myopericarditis that occurred in the postpartum period in a 39-year-old woman is described. The described clinical case demonstrates the importance of the clinical stage of diagnosis of myocarditis, and also demonstrates the possibility of successful use of systemic glucocorticosteroids in the absence of endomyocardial biopsy data. This clinical example represents a favorable outcome of viral myopericarditis, rapid regression of signs of heart failure against the background of complex therapy: a combination of standard therapy for chronic heart failure with immunosuppressive therapy.
{"title":"Myopericarditis as a complication of severe influenza in a patient in the postpartum period","authors":"I. Demko, A. Kraposhina, M. Mamaeva, N. Gordeeva, A. B. Katser, Y. Abramov","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-127-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-127-134","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of viral infections on the scale of epidemics and pandemics is appeared to be a heavy socioeconomic burden for society, which is primarily due to the growth of severe and complicated forms of the disease. The presence of complications from the cardiovascular system has been traced since the beginning of the first influenza pandemic in 1918 in Spain and has been consistently recorded in subsequent years. A clinical case of post-influenza myopericarditis that occurred in the postpartum period in a 39-year-old woman is described. The described clinical case demonstrates the importance of the clinical stage of diagnosis of myocarditis, and also demonstrates the possibility of successful use of systemic glucocorticosteroids in the absence of endomyocardial biopsy data. This clinical example represents a favorable outcome of viral myopericarditis, rapid regression of signs of heart failure against the background of complex therapy: a combination of standard therapy for chronic heart failure with immunosuppressive therapy. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87779756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-120-126
V. Kozlov, O. Ostrovskaya, S. Gandurov, Y. B. Puchkov, Yu. L. Puchkova, E. Yakovlev, S. Pichugina, M. Vlasova, R. Telepneva, O. Lebed’ko
Introduction. The frequency of occurrence of stridor or noisy breathing associated with obstruction of the upper respiratory tract in newborns and infants is increasing nowadays. The most common cause of stridor is a congenital pathology of laryngeal development – laryngomalacia. The severity of the clinical course of laryngomalacia and its prognosis depends on the anatomical variant of congenital pathology and the presence of congenital and acquired concomitant acquired comorbidities. Aim. Demonstration of a clinical case of congenital stridor associated with intrauterine infection in an infant. Results. An observation of a child with a severed clinical picture of stridor breathing from the age of 8 days, born from a mother with complicated obstetric anamnesis who had an infectious disease in early pregnancy; pathological childbirth (emergency c-section). The laryngomalacia type II with symptoms of laryngeal stenosis was detected in a child. The severity of the disease was due not only to the anatomical variant of the laryngeal malformation, but also to the presence of a combined congenital (heart disease, chest deformation) and acquired (perinatal encephalopathy) pathology. The presence of combined pathology in the child, apparently, is due to a single etiopathogenetic mechanism of intrauterine viral-bacterial infection, confirmed by the results of morphological examination of the placenta. The increase in respiratory failure required surgical intervention. Laser endoscopic supraglottoplasty completely stopped stridor breathing. Conclusion. This observation illustrates the outcome of intrauterine infection as the development of a combined congenital and acquired pathology in a child; indicates the need for timely diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in women with complicated obstetric anamnesis. Early diagnosis, clarification of the cause of stridor in a child due to laryngeal malformations (laryngomalacia type II), successful surgical treatment allowed to fully restore the patency of the upper respiratory tract.
{"title":"Clinical observation of an infant with congenital stridor associated with intrauterine infection","authors":"V. Kozlov, O. Ostrovskaya, S. Gandurov, Y. B. Puchkov, Yu. L. Puchkova, E. Yakovlev, S. Pichugina, M. Vlasova, R. Telepneva, O. Lebed’ko","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-120-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-120-126","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The frequency of occurrence of stridor or noisy breathing associated with obstruction of the upper respiratory tract in newborns and infants is increasing nowadays. The most common cause of stridor is a congenital pathology of laryngeal development – laryngomalacia. The severity of the clinical course of laryngomalacia and its prognosis depends on the anatomical variant of congenital pathology and the presence of congenital and acquired concomitant acquired comorbidities. Aim. Demonstration of a clinical case of congenital stridor associated with intrauterine infection in an infant. Results. An observation of a child with a severed clinical picture of stridor breathing from the age of 8 days, born from a mother with complicated obstetric anamnesis who had an infectious disease in early pregnancy; pathological childbirth (emergency c-section). The laryngomalacia type II with symptoms of laryngeal stenosis was detected in a child. The severity of the disease was due not only to the anatomical variant of the laryngeal malformation, but also to the presence of a combined congenital (heart disease, chest deformation) and acquired (perinatal encephalopathy) pathology. The presence of combined pathology in the child, apparently, is due to a single etiopathogenetic mechanism of intrauterine viral-bacterial infection, confirmed by the results of morphological examination of the placenta. The increase in respiratory failure required surgical intervention. Laser endoscopic supraglottoplasty completely stopped stridor breathing. Conclusion. This observation illustrates the outcome of intrauterine infection as the development of a combined congenital and acquired pathology in a child; indicates the need for timely diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in women with complicated obstetric anamnesis. Early diagnosis, clarification of the cause of stridor in a child due to laryngeal malformations (laryngomalacia type II), successful surgical treatment allowed to fully restore the patency of the upper respiratory tract. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78724175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-147-158
I. A. Obukhova, I. Demko, M. M. Petrova, V. O. Bochkareva, E. Kozlov
Introduction. During the pandemic COVID-19, patients suffering from arterial hypertension were noticed to have more severe course of the coronavirus infection. Due to this reason there has been an increased interest to arterial hypertension as a predictor of unfavorable course of the disease. Aim. To conduct a literature review on the impact of cardiovascular diseases (including arterial hypertension) on the course and outcome of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. Materials and methods. The PubMed and eLibrary database was searched for information over the past five years on selected inclusion criteria. Information requests included the following keywords: COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blocker, arterial hypertension, arterial stiffness. Results. A retrospective analysis of the database of patients hospitalized with confirmed coronavirus infection (5700 people) in a New York City hospital correlates with the results of the conducted registry in the Russian Federation (ACTIV SARS-CoV-2), which included 5808 people. These studies confirm a more severe course of coronavirus infection in patients with an aggravated comorbid background (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity), and therefore, the level of need for intensive care in this category of patients increases. The article examines the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 associated with the angiotensin converting enzyme type II. We present the study results on the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blocker in patients with cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19. The latest literature data showing the correlation of cardiac biomarkers with the severity of coronavirus infection and the presence of concomitant hypertension were analyzed. The results of studies of arterial stiffness in patients with COVID-19 with and without arterial hypertension are presented. Conclusion. The retrospective analysis of multicenter studies, conducted in various countries of the world, allows us to identify risk factors for the severity of COVID-19 with the development of complications and an increase in mortality. Timely assessment of predictors in patients with confirmed coronavirus infection will reduce the mortality rate.
{"title":"Clinical course and consequences of coronavirus infection in patients with arterial hypertension","authors":"I. A. Obukhova, I. Demko, M. M. Petrova, V. O. Bochkareva, E. Kozlov","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-147-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-147-158","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. During the pandemic COVID-19, patients suffering from arterial hypertension were noticed to have more severe course of the coronavirus infection. Due to this reason there has been an increased interest to arterial hypertension as a predictor of unfavorable course of the disease. Aim. To conduct a literature review on the impact of cardiovascular diseases (including arterial hypertension) on the course and outcome of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. Materials and methods. The PubMed and eLibrary database was searched for information over the past five years on selected inclusion criteria. Information requests included the following keywords: COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blocker, arterial hypertension, arterial stiffness. Results. A retrospective analysis of the database of patients hospitalized with confirmed coronavirus infection (5700 people) in a New York City hospital correlates with the results of the conducted registry in the Russian Federation (ACTIV SARS-CoV-2), which included 5808 people. These studies confirm a more severe course of coronavirus infection in patients with an aggravated comorbid background (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity), and therefore, the level of need for intensive care in this category of patients increases. The article examines the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 associated with the angiotensin converting enzyme type II. We present the study results on the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blocker in patients with cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19. The latest literature data showing the correlation of cardiac biomarkers with the severity of coronavirus infection and the presence of concomitant hypertension were analyzed. The results of studies of arterial stiffness in patients with COVID-19 with and without arterial hypertension are presented. Conclusion. The retrospective analysis of multicenter studies, conducted in various countries of the world, allows us to identify risk factors for the severity of COVID-19 with the development of complications and an increase in mortality. Timely assessment of predictors in patients with confirmed coronavirus infection will reduce the mortality rate. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76196268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-105-119
V. Voytsekhovskiy, A. Grigorenko, T. Esenina, S. N. Roshchin, E. Filatova, N. Fedorova, V. A. Krivutsa, Ya. D. Zueva, M. V. Sayapina
Aim. Demonstration of clinical cases of plasmacytoma, both solitary and one of the manifestations of multiple myeloma. Materials and methods. A brief literature review on the diagnosis of bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma and clinical observations of various tumor options from the personal practice of the authors is presented. Results. Two clinical observations of the primary diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma are presented. In one case, there was a bone tumor, in the other − an extramedullary tumor. In both observations, a generalization of the process was subsequently noted. Three clinical cases of primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma accompanied by the development of plasmacytoma are also presented. In two cases, there was a lesion of the bone marrow, in one – a multiple-focal form of the disease. In two situations, a non-secreting variant of multiple myeloma was diagnosed. The features of diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Conclusion. In the diagnosis of focal forms of plasmacytoma (without lesions to the bone marrow and secretion), the leading role belongs to histological and immunohistochemical studies.
{"title":"Features of diagnostics and treatment of various plasmacytoma options","authors":"V. Voytsekhovskiy, A. Grigorenko, T. Esenina, S. N. Roshchin, E. Filatova, N. Fedorova, V. A. Krivutsa, Ya. D. Zueva, M. V. Sayapina","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-105-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-105-119","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Demonstration of clinical cases of plasmacytoma, both solitary and one of the manifestations of multiple myeloma. Materials and methods. A brief literature review on the diagnosis of bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma and clinical observations of various tumor options from the personal practice of the authors is presented. Results. Two clinical observations of the primary diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma are presented. In one case, there was a bone tumor, in the other − an extramedullary tumor. In both observations, a generalization of the process was subsequently noted. Three clinical cases of primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma accompanied by the development of plasmacytoma are also presented. In two cases, there was a lesion of the bone marrow, in one – a multiple-focal form of the disease. In two situations, a non-secreting variant of multiple myeloma was diagnosed. The features of diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Conclusion. In the diagnosis of focal forms of plasmacytoma (without lesions to the bone marrow and secretion), the leading role belongs to histological and immunohistochemical studies. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77117621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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